CN113790964A - Stress aging test device and method for high polymer material - Google Patents
Stress aging test device and method for high polymer material Download PDFInfo
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- CN113790964A CN113790964A CN202111359030.8A CN202111359030A CN113790964A CN 113790964 A CN113790964 A CN 113790964A CN 202111359030 A CN202111359030 A CN 202111359030A CN 113790964 A CN113790964 A CN 113790964A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N17/00—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N17/00—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light
- G01N17/002—Test chambers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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Abstract
The invention relates to a stress aging test device and a method for a high polymer material, wherein the device can be used for carrying out an accelerated aging test device on a material sample under the condition of stress loading, the test device has a compact structure and a small volume, and can be conveniently placed in an environment test box with common specifications for carrying out accelerated aging tests when having five test stations.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high polymer material accelerated aging, and particularly relates to a stress aging test device and method for a high polymer material.
Background
With the improvement of energy saving and light weight requirements and the development of material technology, the application of high polymer materials in product manufacturing and engineering construction is more and more extensive. However, due to the inherent characteristics of the molecular structure of the polymer material, the polymer material is subject to aging failure caused by the action of external environmental factors (light, oxygen, heat, water, etc.) in the service process, so that the material fails. Aging failure of polymeric materials has affected the performance of a variety of products and has raised safety concerns.
The aging behavior and aging mechanism of the high polymer material under the environment of temperature, humidity, irradiation and the like are widely researched in China, and the photo-aging behavior and the thermal aging behavior and mechanism of the high polymer material are deeply theoretically known; in the service process of the high polymer material, the high polymer material is not only subjected to the action of climatic environment factors such as temperature, humidity and irradiation, but also subjected to the action of external mechanical stress under some conditions, such as bridge cable sheath materials, building membrane materials, rubber sealing materials and the like, and the aging behavior, the failure model and the like of the high polymer material are different under non-stress conditions. At present, the aging behavior and durability research of the high polymer material under the stress environment has less relevant reports. Therefore, the durability evaluation of the polymer material has the following problems: firstly, the research on the manual accelerated test method of the high polymer material under the climate and mechanical stress comprehensive environment is less, and the correlation is low; and the other is a high polymer material accelerated aging test device under the lack of stress and climate comprehensive environment.
Therefore, in order to simulate the service environment of the material under stress and climate environment more truly, the invention develops an accelerated aging test device which can load the stress on a material sample, combines a natural environment and an artificial simulation environment and can be used for accelerating the aging of the material, thereby evaluating the durability of the material more accurately, predicting the service life of the material and serving the safe service and operation and maintenance of national major infrastructure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an aging test device capable of loading stress on a material sample.
The invention achieves the aim through the following technical scheme: a stress aging test device for high polymer materials comprises a long-strip base with a groove-shaped cross section, and further comprises a support, a clamp, a spring, a connecting rod, a screw rod and a stress sensor, wherein the support is a square plate which is vertically fixed on the top surface of the inverted base along the length direction of the base, two sides of the square plate are flush with two sides of the base, the support is provided with a plurality of (more than two) long-strip hollow grooves according to the size of the support, the hollow grooves are arranged along the length direction of the base, each hollow groove forms a sample installation station, the clamp comprises an upper clamp and a lower clamp, each clamp comprises a clamping piece and a pressing piece, the pressing pieces are fixed on the clamping pieces through second bolts, one clamping piece and the pressing piece are arranged on the left side, the other clamping piece and the pressing piece are arranged on the right side in the sample installation station, the clamping piece of the upper clamp is hung on the top surface of the support through the screw rod matching with a locking nut, the lower end of the connecting rod penetrates out of the groove of the base through the sample installation station and is locked by the nut after being sleeved with the spring, the upper end of the connecting rod is connected with a clamping piece of the lower clamp, the stress sensor is connected between the screw rod and the upper clamp, or the stress sensor is connected between the connecting rod and the lower clamp, or the stress sensor is sleeved on the screw rod, or the stress sensor is sleeved on the connecting rod.
The signal connections of the stress sensor are preferably located on the front or back side of the device.
The device is recommended to be used for testing the dumbbell-shaped high polymer material standard sample, and the dumbbell-shaped high polymer material standard sample can be prepared by referring to GB/T1040.2-2006.
The invention also provides a method for carrying out the stress aging test of the high polymer material by using the device, and the realization scheme of the purpose of the invention is as follows:
a stress aging test method of a high polymer material comprises the following steps:
(1) fixing a dumbbell-shaped high polymer material standard sample between an upper clamp and a lower clamp of the test device;
(2) connecting a stress monitoring system with the stress sensor, and setting a stress deviation alarm boundary condition;
(3) adjusting a locking nut on the screw rod to enable the stress value to reach an expected set value, and in the test process, if the deviation of the monitored stress value is monitored and an alarm is given, readjusting the stress value to the expected set value to ensure that the stress applied to the dumbbell-shaped high polymer material standard sample can be kept in a relatively constant state;
(4) and (3) placing the testing device loaded with the dumbbell-type high polymer material standard sample in a testing environment for aging test, then periodically sampling, carrying out material performance analysis, and calculating the aging rate v 1.
The stress deviation in step (2) is usually required to be less than or equal to 5%.
The test environment in the step (4) comprises an outdoor natural environment and/or an environmental test chamber.
The expected set value is 5% -15% of the fracture stress of the dumbbell-shaped high polymer material standard sample.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the test device has compact structure and small volume, and can be conveniently placed in an environment test box with common specifications for accelerated aging test when having five test stations;
(2) the test device can provide larger and constant load, and is not easily influenced by factors such as artificial touch and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a test device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a test rig according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of the test rig of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the trial of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples and figures.
The test object of the stress aging test device for polymer materials of this embodiment is a dumbbell-shaped polymer material standard sample (hereinafter referred to as a sample for short), the structure of the device is shown in fig. 1-4, the device comprises a long base 1 with a groove-shaped cross section, a support 2, a clamp 4, a spring 9, a connecting rod 6, a screw 7 and a stress sensor 11, the support 2 is a square plate which is vertically fixed on the top surface of the inverted base 1 along the length direction of the base, two sides of the square plate are flush with two sides of the base 1, the support 2 is provided with a plurality of long strip-shaped hollow grooves according to the size, the hollow grooves are arranged along the length direction of the base, each hollow groove forms a sample installation station, the clamp 4 comprises an upper clamp and a lower clamp, each clamp is composed of a clamping piece 41 and a pressing piece 42, the pressing piece 42 is fixed on the clamping piece 41 through a second bolt 81, in the sample installation station, the stress sensor is arranged on the left and right sides, a clamping piece 41 of an upper clamp is hung on the top surface of a support 2 through a screw 7 in a matching mode with a locking nut 12, the lower end of a connecting rod 6 penetrates out of a groove of a base 1 from a sample installation station and is locked through a nut 10 after being sleeved with a spring 9, the upper end of the connecting rod 6 is connected with the clamping piece 41 of a lower clamp, a stress sensor 11 is connected between the screw 7 and the upper clamp, and a signal joint of the stress sensor is arranged on the front face or the back face of the sample installation station.
This embodiment is through multiple means, like overall structure adopts the design of very brief type, closely side by side between the station, and support and base etc. all plan according to the station size to make full use of the height of base installation spring, when the centre gripping sample, the sample adopts the side standing position, and stress sensor connects and establishes just or the back etc. at sample installation station, makes this embodiment testing device's compact structure.
The assembly process of the device is as follows:
step S1: the base 1 and the bracket 2 of the device are arranged together through a first bolt 3;
step S2: connecting a clamping piece 41 of a lower clamp with the upper end of a connecting rod 6 with an internal thread, locking the connecting rod by using a third bolt 82, then operating the lower end of the connecting rod 6 to penetrate through the bottom of the bracket 2 and the base 1 and extend into a groove on the bottom surface of the base 1, sleeving a high-elasticity spring 9, and locking the spring by using a nut 10;
step S3: the upper end of the clamping piece 41 of the upper clamp is connected with an S-shaped stress sensor 11 through a fourth bolt 83 and then connected with a screw rod 7, and the upper end of the screw rod 7 penetrates through the top of the support 2 and then is sleeved with a locking nut 12, so that the upper clamp is hung on the top of the support 2.
During testing, the sample 5 is clamped between the upper clamp and the lower clamp, the clamping piece 41 and the second bolt 81 on the pressing block 42 are screwed for constraint and fixation, the locking nut 12 is rotated, the upper clamp can be lifted or lowered so as to drive the lower clamp, and in the process, the spring 9 is compressed or loosened, so that a tensile load with adjustable size is provided for the sample 5.
In the above embodiment, the stress sensor 11 may also be disposed between the connecting rod 6 and the lower clamp, and may also be sleeved on the screw 7 or the connecting rod 6, such as on the screw 7 and between the bracket 2 and the lock nut 12.
The method for performing the stress aging test of the polymer material by using the device in the above embodiment is as follows:
(1) selecting 5 samples, preparing the samples by referring to GB/T1040.2-2006, and sequentially fixing the samples between an upper clamp and a lower clamp of 5 sample installation stations of the test device;
(2) connecting a stress monitoring system and a stress sensor, wherein the measuring range of the sensor is 0-3000N, and setting a stress deviation alarm boundary condition, usually within 5%, such as 3%;
(3) adjusting a locking nut on a screw rod to enable a stress value to reach an expected set value, wherein the set value is usually 5% -15% of the fracture stress of a sample, if the set value is 10% of the fracture stress of the sample, the set value is usually larger than the actual service stress of a material, if the actual service stress is larger than 10% -50%, in the test process, if the deviation of the stress value is monitored and an alarm is given, the stress value is readjusted to the expected set value, and the stress applied to the sample can be kept in a relatively constant state;
(4) placing the test device loaded with the sample outdoors, accelerating the aging of the material through the coupling effect of environmental factors such as outdoor temperature, irradiation, humidity and the like, periodically sampling, carrying out material performance analysis, calculating the aging rate v1, and evaluating the durability of the material;
(5) the test device loaded with the sample is combined with an environmental test chamber to carry out accelerated aging tests of stress-high and low temperature coupling, stress-damp and hot coupling and stress-illumination/temperature and humidity coupling. The service environment of the material should be simulated as much as possible in the test process, and the test accuracy is improved.
The testing device of the embodiment has the advantages of compact structure, small volume, height of only about 50cm, width of only about 40cm and thickness of only about 20cm, the internal size of a common environmental test box is about 50cm x 50cm, and the testing device of the embodiment can be well adapted to the environmental test box (the screw rod has enough adjusting space in the testing box).
In addition, the sample is subjected to natural aging of the high polymer material under the condition of not loading stress by the action of environmental factors such as outdoor temperature, irradiation, humidity and the like, the sample is periodically sampled, the material performance is carried out, and the aging rate v2 of the material is calculated. By comparing the aging rates of the high polymer materials under stress and non-stress conditions, the aging rate of the high polymer materials under the stress loading condition can be found to be obviously higher, and the aging behavior of the high polymer materials is obviously different from that under the non-stress condition, which shows that the aging of the materials and the parts under the stress condition and the climate environment can be better simulated by the coupling of the stress and the climate environment.
Claims (6)
1. The stress aging test device for the high polymer material is characterized by comprising a long-strip base with a groove-shaped cross section, and further comprising a support, a clamp, a spring, a connecting rod, a screw rod and a stress sensor, wherein the support is a square plate part and is vertically fixed on the top surface of the inverted base along the length direction of the base, two sides of the square plate part are flush with two sides of the base, a plurality of long-strip hollow grooves are formed in the support according to the size of the support, the hollow grooves are arranged along the length direction of the base, each hollow groove forms a sample installation station, the clamp comprises an upper clamp and a lower clamp, each clamp comprises a clamping piece and a pressing piece, the pressing pieces are fixed on the clamping pieces through second bolts, one clamping piece and the pressing piece are arranged on the left side, the other clamping piece is arranged on the right side in the sample installation station, the clamping piece of the upper clamp is hung on the top surface of the support through the screw rod matched with a locking nut, the lower end of the connecting rod penetrates out of the groove of the base through the sample installation station and is locked by the nut after being sleeved with the spring, the upper end of the connecting rod is connected with a clamping piece of the lower clamp, the stress sensor is connected between the screw rod and the upper clamp, or the stress sensor is connected between the connecting rod and the lower clamp, or the stress sensor is sleeved on the screw rod, or the stress sensor is sleeved on the connecting rod.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein the signal connection of the strain sensor is located on the front or back side of the device.
3. A method for performing stress aging test of polymer material by using the apparatus of claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of:
(1) fixing a dumbbell-shaped high polymer material standard sample between an upper clamp and a lower clamp of the test device;
(2) connecting a stress monitoring system with the stress sensor, and setting a stress deviation alarm boundary condition;
(3) adjusting a locking nut on the screw rod to enable the stress value to reach an expected set value, and readjusting the stress value to the expected set value if the deviation of the stress value is monitored and an alarm is given in the test process;
(4) the test device loaded with the sample is placed in a test environment for aging test, then the sample is taken periodically for material performance analysis, and the aging rate v1 is calculated.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the stress deviation in step (2) is ≦ 5%.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the test environment in step (4) comprises an outdoor natural environment and/or an environmental test chamber.
6. The method of claim 3, wherein the desired set point is 5% -15% of the breaking stress of the sample.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111359030.8A CN113790964A (en) | 2021-11-17 | 2021-11-17 | Stress aging test device and method for high polymer material |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111359030.8A CN113790964A (en) | 2021-11-17 | 2021-11-17 | Stress aging test device and method for high polymer material |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117092013A (en) * | 2023-10-19 | 2023-11-21 | 清华大学深圳国际研究生院 | Material ageing experimental device |
| CN117804947A (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2024-04-02 | 中国电器科学研究院股份有限公司 | Composite material test device and method capable of automatically loading and maintaining constant stress |
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| CN102393340A (en) * | 2011-09-01 | 2012-03-28 | 浙江大学 | Hydraulic fatigue test system of connecting rod |
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| CN107703049A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2018-02-16 | 中国特种设备检测研究院 | A kind of stress loading device applied to material aging experiment |
| CN107941610A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-04-20 | 威凯认证检测有限公司 | A kind of high molecular material ageing-resistant performance evaluation test method and device |
| CN108918406A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2018-11-30 | 吉林大学 | Drilling tool material corrosion simulation test device in a kind of well |
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2021
- 2021-11-17 CN CN202111359030.8A patent/CN113790964A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
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| CN201285358Y (en) * | 2008-11-12 | 2009-08-05 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Apparatus for implementing loading under high temperature high pressure environment |
| CN101435811A (en) * | 2008-12-04 | 2009-05-20 | 上海大学 | Aging test method and apparatus under wet, heat and power multiple-field coupling |
| CN102393340A (en) * | 2011-09-01 | 2012-03-28 | 浙江大学 | Hydraulic fatigue test system of connecting rod |
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| CN105928787A (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2016-09-07 | 广州纤维产品检测研究院 | Stretching and aging test fixing device and testing method |
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| CN108918406A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2018-11-30 | 吉林大学 | Drilling tool material corrosion simulation test device in a kind of well |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117092013A (en) * | 2023-10-19 | 2023-11-21 | 清华大学深圳国际研究生院 | Material ageing experimental device |
| CN117804947A (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2024-04-02 | 中国电器科学研究院股份有限公司 | Composite material test device and method capable of automatically loading and maintaining constant stress |
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Application publication date: 20211214 |