CN113763170A - Carbon number data storage and transaction system based on block chain - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a block chain-based carbon number data storage and transaction system, and relates to the field of carbon emission right transaction. The system comprises: each carbon emission control enterprise and the voluntary carbon emission reduction enterprise are carbon transaction nodes to realize the transaction of the carbon emission right; and the carbon check node is used as other authoritative units authorized by the issuing and modifying commission or the government of each region and is responsible for the issuing of the carbon emission right quota, the checking of the carbon residual quota of the controlled enterprise and the checking of the total carbon residual quota. The system can enhance the transparency of the carbon transaction information, ensure the authenticity and reliability of the transaction price, and each authorized user has the right to inquire the carbon transaction and carbon emission historical information; meanwhile, the management and supervision cost of transaction information can be reduced, the transaction efficiency is improved, and the activity of a carbon emission transaction market is enhanced; the blocks only store hash values generated by transaction information of buyers and sellers of the transaction nodes, so that the data capacity of each block in the block chain is reduced, and the transaction speed is increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of carbon emission right transaction, in particular to a block chain-based carbon number data storage and transaction system.
Background
The carbon emission rights refer to the total amount of greenhouse gases emitted during energy consumption, and include both available carbon emission rights and desired carbon emission rights. According to the division of trading objects, the international carbon market can be divided into a quota trading market and a project trading market, wherein the quota trading market trading object mainly refers to a quota initially distributed to an enterprise by a policy maker, and the project trading market trading object is an emission reduction certificate mainly obtained by reducing greenhouse gases by implementing projects; according to the organization form division, the carbon trading market can be divided into on-site trading and off-site trading, the carbon trading is mainly traded in the off-site market, and with the development of trading, an on-site trading platform is gradually established; according to the basic division of the law, the carbon trading market can be divided into a forced trading market and a voluntary trading market, if the total amount of greenhouse gas emission is clearly regulated by one state or regional government law, the specific emission of each enterprise in emission reduction planning is determined according to the total amount, in order to avoid economic penalty brought by excessive emission, the enterprises with insufficient emission quota need to purchase emission rights to the enterprises with redundant quota, the market generated for meeting the forced emission reduction requirement of the law is called the forced trading market, and based on the consideration of social responsibility, brand construction, future environmental protection change policy and the like, some enterprises mutually agree on the greenhouse gas emission amount through an internal agreement and adjust the surplus through quota trading so as to meet the agreement requirement, and the carbon market established on the basis of the trading is the voluntary carbon trading market.
Among all ways of reducing carbon emission, carbon emission right trading is the most effective marketing way, and the premise that fiscal measures such as carbon tax and subsidy play a role is that marketing trading forms a reasonable carbon emission right price as a reference. Carbon emissions prices will also be effective in directing development and long term investments related to carbon peaking and carbon neutralization. The carbon emission right is used as a right certificate of greenhouse gas emission, is a new asset type created by human society according to the economic and ecological development needs and based on the economic theory, and has epoch-making significance in the aspect of financial development. Such assets have distinct financial attributes including being homogeneous, divisible, registrable, and available for spot and futures trading, among others. Theoretically, the same equivalent amount of greenhouse gas emissions in different countries and regions will have the same effect on atmospheric air temperature, and the rights of carbon emissions created in different countries and regions should be equivalent to each other.
In the carbon emission transaction in the traditional mode, the situations of dark box operation and data falsification in the carbon transaction often occur due to the phenomena of asymmetric transaction information and opaque transaction process; meanwhile, the transaction flow is complicated, the supervision and supervision cost is too high, the reality and the reliability of the transaction price information cannot be guaranteed under the condition that the market pricing is not unified, and meanwhile, due to the transitional intervention of a supervision mechanism and the matching link of an intermediate mechanism, the transaction efficiency is low, so that the transaction activity of the carbon market is lower and lower.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a block chain-based carbon number data storage and transaction system, which can improve the transaction efficiency and the transaction verification efficiency of a carbon market and solve the trust problem of carbon transaction parties.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a block chain based carbon number data storage and transaction system, comprising:
each carbon emission control enterprise and the voluntary carbon emission reduction enterprise are carbon transaction nodes to realize the transaction of the carbon emission right;
and the carbon check node is used as other authoritative units authorized by the issuing and modifying commission or the government of each region and is responsible for the issuing of the carbon emission right quota, the checking of the carbon residual quota of the controlled enterprise and the checking of the total carbon residual quota.
Further, the system also comprises a broadcasting module, when one or more trading nodes need to be developed by themselves or emission reduction technologies cannot meet emission reduction requirements, the broadcasting module broadcasts a purchase carbon quota requirement to the whole system, and another or more emission control enterprises can complete the carbon emission control requirements due to technology upgrading and still have the allocated carbon emission right quota, so that carbon emission right allowance which can be sold is broadcasted to the whole system.
The system further comprises a signature module, the checking node checks whether the enterprise carbon emission of the sold carbon quota reaches the standard or not and checks whether the carbon quota allowance of the broadcast is real or not, if so, the signature module attaches a signature and a timestamp, and the broadcast module broadcasts the carbon emission right quota quantity to the whole system; the buyer receives the carbon quota information sent by the seller, verifies whether the signature and the time stamp of the check node exist, if so, the transaction is completed, the two parties broadcast the transaction to the whole system through the broadcasting module, and the check node verifies the authenticity of the transaction and attaches the signature and the time stamp.
Further, the system also comprises a database, wherein the database comprises a transaction node sub-database and an inspection node sub-database, and the database is used for storing specific transaction information of transaction of the buyer and the seller.
The system further comprises a plurality of accounting nodes, after transaction of buyers and sellers of the carbon transaction node is finished, the carbon transaction node is checked through a carbon check node, a signature and a timestamp are attached through a signature module during checking, a hash value generated by transaction information is written into a block, a new block is added into a block chain based on a common identification mechanism and is stored in each block chain accounting node to form a distributed account book, and each hash value corresponds to the transaction information in each node database one to one.
Preferably, the transaction information includes names of the buyer and the seller, a carbon quota transaction amount, a transaction time, a transaction price, a carbon quota margin of the seller node, and a carbon quota purchase amount of the buyer node.
Optionally, the system further comprises an evaluation and management module, wherein the evaluation and management module comprises an analysis evaluation submodule and an expected management submodule, and the analysis evaluation submodule is used for performing statistical analysis on the actual carbon emission and the carbon emission quota of the enterprise within a certain time period by using a carbon transaction node or a carbon check node, and evaluating whether the enterprise needs to perform transaction and transaction amount within a certain time in the future according to an analysis result; the prospective management submodule is used for the enterprise of the carbon transaction node to make a reasonable carbon emission transaction management strategy within a certain time in the future according to the evaluation result of the analysis and evaluation submodule.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that: the block chain-based carbon data storage and transaction system can enhance the transparency of carbon transaction information and ensure the authenticity and reliability of transaction price, all transaction information in the system is maintained by all participating main bodies, and all authorized users have the right to inquire carbon transaction and carbon emission historical information, so that the collective supervision of data is realized, the information openness and transparency are greatly enhanced, the tracking and tracing of the carbon transaction information are greatly enhanced, and the cost and difficulty of information counterfeiting are increased; meanwhile, the management and supervision cost of transaction information can be reduced, the transaction efficiency is improved, the activity of a carbon emission transaction market is enhanced, the distributed bookkeeping data storage mode of the system can reduce the dependence on a central node, the effect of a supervision mechanism is weakened under the conditions of collective supervision and traceability, the construction and cost of a supervision structure are effectively reduced, the matching link of an intermediate mechanism is omitted in the transaction process, and the transaction data and the basic information of both transaction parties are respectively stored, so that the time cost of traceability and verification is greatly reduced, the transaction efficiency is improved, and the activity of the carbon transaction market is enhanced; the system can continuously expand the trading range, promote the establishment of a nationwide supervised shared carbon trading platform, enable the trading information to have the new characteristics of data traceability, tamper resistance, distributed participation, decentralized data storage and data viewing, and provide technical support for an open and reasonable carbon trading market environment. The block only stores the hash value generated by the transaction information of the buyer and the seller of the transaction node, the specific transaction information is stored in the database of each transaction node and the database of the checking node, each hash value corresponds to the transaction information in the database of each node one by one, so that the data capacity of each block in the block chain can be reduced, the transaction speed is improved, when the checking node needs to check certain transaction information in the block chain or check the real quota allowance of the seller node, only the transaction information corresponding to the hash value needs to be searched, the verification is carried out through the hash value, the transmission time of the transaction information is saved, and the checking time of the checking node is shortened.
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Fig. 1 is a block chain based carbon number data storage and transaction flow chart according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
This embodiment provides a carbon number data storage and transaction system based on block chain, includes:
each carbon emission control enterprise and the voluntary carbon emission reduction enterprise are carbon transaction nodes to realize the transaction of the carbon emission right;
the carbon check node is used as other authoritative units authorized by the issuing and modifying commission or the government of each region and is responsible for the issuing of the carbon emission right quota, the checking of the carbon residual quota of the controlled enterprise and the checking of the total carbon residual quota;
the broadcasting module broadcasts the demand of purchasing the carbon quota to the whole system through the broadcasting module when one or more trading nodes need to develop or the emission reduction technology cannot meet the emission reduction requirement, and another or more emission control enterprises can complete the carbon emission control requirement due to technology upgrading and still remain the distributed carbon emission right quota, so that the surplus of the carbon emission right quota which can be sold is broadcasted to the whole system;
the signature module is used for checking whether the enterprise carbon emission of the sold carbon quota reaches the standard or not and checking whether the carbon quota allowance of the broadcast is real or not by the checking node, if so, attaching a signature and a timestamp through the signature module, and broadcasting the carbon emission right quota quantity to the whole system through the broadcast module; the buyer receives the carbon quota information sent by the seller, verifies whether the signature and the timestamp of the check node exist, and if so, the transaction is completed, the two parties broadcast the transaction to the whole system through the broadcasting module, and the check node verifies the authenticity of the transaction and attaches the signature and the timestamp;
the database comprises a transaction node sub-database and an inspection node sub-database, and is used for storing specific transaction information of transactions of buyers and sellers; the transaction information comprises the names of the buyers and the sellers, the carbon quota transaction amount, the transaction time, the transaction price, the carbon quota allowance of the seller node and the carbon quota purchase amount of the buyer node
The system comprises a plurality of accounting nodes, a plurality of carbon transaction nodes and a plurality of signature modules, wherein after transaction of buyers and sellers of the carbon transaction nodes is finished, the carbon transaction nodes are checked through carbon check nodes, a signature and a timestamp are attached to the signature modules during checking, hash values generated by transaction information are written into blocks, new blocks are added into block chains based on a common identification mechanism and are stored in the accounting nodes of each block chain, a distributed account book is formed, and each hash value corresponds to the transaction information in each node database one to one.
Referring to fig. 1, the method for storing and trading carbon number data by using the system of the embodiment includes:
the check node issues a carbon emission right quota;
the trading node needing to purchase the carbon emission right broadcasts a purchase demand, and the trading node selling the carbon emission right broadcasts the residual amount of the carbon quota;
the checking node checks the authenticity of the carbon quota surplus of the carbon selling emission right transaction node, attaches a signature and a timestamp and broadcasts the signature and the timestamp to the whole system when the carbon quota surplus is authentic, and punishs the seller transaction node when the carbon quota surplus is not authentic;
both sides of the transaction node with the demand carry out transaction and attach a signature and a time stamp;
the checking node checks the authenticity of the transaction of both transaction parties, attaches the name, time, purchase amount of a buyer, total carbon quota amount and allowance of a seller to both transaction parties when the transaction parties are real, generates a hash value and broadcasts the hash value to the whole system, and correspondingly punishs the nodes of both transaction parties when the transaction parties are not real.
Example 2
This embodiment provides a carbon number data storage and transaction system based on block chain, includes:
each carbon emission control enterprise and the voluntary carbon emission reduction enterprise are carbon transaction nodes to realize the transaction of the carbon emission right;
the carbon check node is used as other authoritative units authorized by the issuing and modifying commission or the government of each region and is responsible for the issuing of the carbon emission right quota, the checking of the carbon residual quota of the controlled enterprise and the checking of the total carbon residual quota;
the broadcasting module broadcasts the demand of purchasing the carbon quota to the whole system through the broadcasting module when one or more trading nodes need to develop or the emission reduction technology cannot meet the emission reduction requirement, and another or more emission control enterprises can complete the carbon emission control requirement due to technology upgrading and still remain the distributed carbon emission right quota, so that the surplus of the carbon emission right quota which can be sold is broadcasted to the whole system;
the signature module is used for checking whether the enterprise carbon emission of the sold carbon quota reaches the standard or not and checking whether the carbon quota allowance of the broadcast is real or not by the checking node, if so, attaching a signature and a timestamp through the signature module, and broadcasting the carbon emission right quota quantity to the whole system through the broadcast module; the buyer receives the carbon quota information sent by the seller, verifies whether the signature and the time stamp of the check node exist, and if so, the transaction is completed, the two parties broadcast the transaction to the whole system through the broadcasting module, and the check node verifies the authenticity of the transaction and attaches the signature and the time stamp;
the database comprises a transaction node sub-database and an inspection node sub-database, and is used for storing specific transaction information of transactions of buyers and sellers; the transaction information comprises the names of the buyers and the sellers, the carbon quota transaction amount, the transaction time, the transaction price, the carbon quota allowance of the seller node and the carbon quota purchase amount of the buyer node
The system comprises a plurality of accounting nodes, a plurality of carbon transaction nodes and a plurality of data processing nodes, wherein after transaction of buyers and sellers of the carbon transaction nodes is finished, the carbon transaction nodes are checked through carbon check nodes, a signature and a timestamp are attached to the data processing nodes through a signature module during checking, a new block is added into a block chain and stored in each block chain accounting node based on a common identification mechanism, a distributed account book is formed, and each hash value corresponds to the transaction information in each node database one by one;
the evaluation and management module comprises an analysis evaluation submodule and an expected management submodule, the analysis evaluation submodule is used for carrying out statistical analysis on the actual carbon emission and the carbon emission right quota of the enterprise within a certain time period by a carbon transaction node or a carbon check node, and whether the enterprise needs to carry out transaction and transaction amount within a certain time in the future is evaluated according to the analysis result; the prospective management submodule is used for the enterprise of the carbon transaction node to make a reasonable carbon emission transaction management strategy within a certain time in the future according to the evaluation result of the analysis and evaluation submodule.
By reasonably utilizing the evaluation and management module, each carbon transaction node can definitely estimate the amount of the next carbon emission right transaction and efficiently and accurately select a credible appropriate transaction object, so that the transaction efficiency is improved.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (7)
1. A block chain based carbon number data storage and transaction system, comprising:
each carbon emission control enterprise and the voluntary carbon emission reduction enterprise are carbon transaction nodes to realize the transaction of the carbon emission right;
and the carbon check node is used as other authoritative units authorized by the issuing and modifying commission or the government of each region and is responsible for the issuing of the carbon emission right quota, the checking of the carbon residual quota of the controlled enterprise and the checking of the total carbon residual quota.
2. The blockchain-based carbon number data storage and transaction system of claim 1, wherein: the system also comprises a broadcasting module, when one or more trading nodes need to be developed by themselves or the emission reduction technology cannot meet the emission reduction requirement, the broadcasting module broadcasts the demand of purchasing the carbon quota to the whole system, and another or more emission control enterprises can complete the carbon emission control requirement due to technology upgrading and still leave the distributed carbon emission right quota, so that the surplus of the carbon emission right quota which can be sold is broadcasted to the whole system.
3. The blockchain-based carbon number data storage and transaction system of claim 2, wherein: the system also comprises a signature module, wherein the check node checks whether the enterprise carbon emission of the sold carbon quota reaches the standard and checks whether the carbon quota allowance of the broadcast is real, if so, the signature module attaches a signature and a time stamp, and the broadcast module broadcasts the carbon emission right quota quantity to the whole system; the buyer receives the carbon quota information sent by the seller, verifies whether the signature and the time stamp of the check node exist, if so, the transaction is completed, the two parties broadcast the transaction to the whole system through the broadcasting module, and the check node verifies the authenticity of the transaction and attaches the signature and the time stamp.
4. The blockchain-based carbon number data storage and transaction system of claim 3, wherein: the database comprises a transaction node sub-database and an inspection node sub-database, and is used for storing specific transaction information of transaction of the buyer and the seller.
5. The blockchain-based carbon number data storage and transaction system of claim 4, wherein: the system comprises a carbon transaction node, a plurality of accounting nodes, a signature module, a block chain accounting node and a block chain accounting node, wherein the carbon transaction node comprises a carbon check node and a plurality of hash values, the carbon check node is used for checking the carbon transaction node after transaction of a buyer and a seller, the signature module is used for attaching a signature and a timestamp during checking, the hash values generated by transaction information are written into the block chain, new blocks are added into the block chain accounting node and stored in the block chain accounting nodes on the basis of a common identification mechanism, a distributed account book is formed, and each hash value corresponds to the transaction information in each node database one to one.
6. The blockchain-based carbon number data storage and transaction system of claim 5, wherein: the transaction information comprises names of the buyer and the seller, carbon quota transaction amount, transaction time, transaction price, carbon quota allowance of the seller node and carbon quota purchase amount of the buyer node.
7. The blockchain-based carbon number data storage and transaction system of claim 6, wherein: the carbon trading management system further comprises an evaluation and management module, wherein the evaluation and management module comprises an analysis evaluation submodule and an expected management submodule, the analysis evaluation submodule is used for carrying out statistical analysis on the actual carbon emission and the carbon emission right quota of the enterprise within a certain time period by a carbon trading node or a carbon check node, and evaluating whether the enterprise needs to trade and trade in a certain time in the future according to an analysis result; the prospective management submodule is used for the enterprise of the carbon transaction node to make a reasonable carbon emission transaction management strategy within a certain time in the future according to the evaluation result of the analysis and evaluation submodule.
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CN114219342A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-03-22 | 杭州溪塔科技有限公司 | Carbon asset management method and device based on non-homogeneous evidence |
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CN114781940A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-07-22 | 武汉和悦数字科技有限公司 | Carbon transaction management method and device |
CN115641159A (en) * | 2022-12-23 | 2023-01-24 | 睿至科技集团有限公司 | Big data based double-carbon data analysis method and system |
CN116720917A (en) * | 2023-06-16 | 2023-09-08 | 深圳职业技术学院 | Distributed carbon transaction market consensus method |
CN116720917B (en) * | 2023-06-16 | 2024-08-06 | 深圳职业技术学院 | Distributed carbon transaction market consensus method |
CN117764421A (en) * | 2024-01-05 | 2024-03-26 | 成都颐泰智能科技股份有限公司 | Carbon emission double-control assessment management system |
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