CN113756718B - Drilling anti-inclination process recommendation method and system - Google Patents
Drilling anti-inclination process recommendation method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a drilling anti-inclination process recommendation method, which comprises the following steps: determining stratum dip angles and stratum hardness interleaving indexes of the to-be-drilled well according to seismic data of the to-be-drilled well area and logging interpretation data of adjacent wells; evaluating the natural deflecting characteristic of the stratum according to the stratum inclination angle and the stratum soft and hard staggering index to obtain a stratum natural deflecting index; and recommending an anti-tilting drilling tool combination suitable for the current stratum and a corresponding anti-tilting process by using the stratum natural deflecting index. The invention rapidly and effectively recommends the anti-inclination drilling tool combination and the corresponding anti-inclination process suitable for the current stratum, and simultaneously ensures higher well quality under the condition of ensuring high drilling speed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drilling, in particular to a drilling anti-inclination process recommendation method and system.
Background
In the easy-to-incline stratum, the conventional anti-incline and anti-incline drilling tool combination is to sacrifice the drilling speed and trade the quality of the well body, so that the drilling period is long and the drilling cost is high. Well deviation control is one of the key drilling technologies, and how to prevent well deviation from being beaten quickly and ensure well quality is a technical problem which needs to be solved all the time by drillers. By developing attack researches, students at home and abroad have remarkable progress in aspects of well deviation control theory, fast anti-deviation drilling technology and the like.
The 20 th century began to explore the cause of the occurrence of well deviation in the 20 th year, and studied the use of the "gravity effect" to reduce well deviation. The problem of forced deformation and bending of a drill string in a vertical well is researched in the 50 s, the influence of stratum factors on well deviation is researched after the 60 s, and various stratum deviation theories are proposed, such as a small-sized whipstock, stratum drillability, drill string moment, drill bit deviation, preferential fragments, anisotropic stratum, lateral cutting of multiple power products and the like. At present, a system anti-oblique drilling quick technology series is formed, and a common anti-oblique drilling tool combination mainly comprises: static passive anti-tilt combinations (full-bore drilling tool combination, pendulum drilling tool combination), dynamic passive anti-tilt combinations (flexible combination, eccentric combination, pre-bending combination) and active anti-tilt combinations.
Wherein the hydrostatic anti-tilt assembly comprises a full-bore drilling assembly and a pendulum drilling assembly. The full-hole drilling tool assembly has the starting points of improving the rigidity of the drilling tool assembly, reducing the gap between the drilling tool and the borehole, improving the bending resistance, and being capable of keeping straight and preventing inclination by heavy pressure quick drilling, but is generally only suitable for stratum with smaller stratum inclination angle; the pendulum drilling tool is difficult to release the drilling pressure based on controlling the deformation of the drilling tool assembly, and the drilling speed cannot be improved in a 'light pressure hanging and beating' mode, so that the drilling benefit is influenced. The basic assumption of the dynamic anti-tilting technology theory is that the drill string is in a whirling state, and proper weight on bit is applied to meet the condition that the bottom drilling tool assembly keeps whirling. The dynamics anti-skew technology proposed at home and abroad mainly comprises: the technology breaks through the limitation of deformation of the bottom drilling tool assembly, and is mature in the aspects of theoretical analysis, field operation and the like. The automatic vertical drilling technology taking measurement while drilling as a core is an active type anti-inclination and anti-inclination technology, and the requirements of quick drilling are met while anti-inclination is achieved. But the active oblique-beating-preventing and straightening tool has complex structure, difficult maintenance, monopoly technology and high service cost.
In the existing anti-tilting drilling tool combination, three types of combinations of a static passive anti-tilting combination and a dynamic passive anti-tilting combination and an active anti-tilting combination are formed. Because factors such as drilling complexity, acceleration, drilling cost and the like need to be comprehensively considered in the drilling process, several most commonly used drilling tool combinations are formed: a straight screw pendulum drilling assembly, a curved screw pendulum drilling assembly, and a vertical drilling system assembly. Although researchers establish theoretical models of formation natural whipping aspects such as formation anisotropy indexes, formation whipping characteristic parameters and the like, the effects of formation natural whipping evaluation results in the selection of anti-whipping technologies are restricted due to more parameters and difficult acquisition. Therefore, a simple and effective drilling tool combination selection method needs to be established, so that the method is important for the selection of the anti-dip drilling technology, the enhanced parameter drilling technology and other process technologies.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, an embodiment of the invention provides a drilling anti-inclination process recommendation method, which comprises the following steps: a formation natural deflecting evaluation parameter generating step, namely determining a formation dip angle to be drilled and a formation soft and hard staggering index according to seismic data of an area where the to-be-drilled well is located and logging interpretation data of an adjacent well; a formation natural deflecting index generating step, namely evaluating the natural deflecting characteristic of the formation according to the inclination angle of the formation and the interleaving index of the formation to obtain the formation natural deflecting index; recommending an anti-tilting process, namely recommending an anti-tilting drilling tool combination suitable for the current stratum and a corresponding anti-tilting process by utilizing the natural stratum tilting index.
Preferably, in the formation natural whipstock evaluation parameter generation step, the formation soft and hard stagger index is calculated using the following expression:
Wherein I s represents the stratum soft and hard staggering index, and S UCa、RMS、DSS represents the average value, root mean square and peak-to-peak sum of uniaxial compressive strength in unit stratum depth respectively.
Preferably, in the formation natural whipstock index generating step, the formation natural whipstock index is calculated using the following expression:
wherein I i represents the natural whipstock index of the stratum, and gamma represents the dip angle of the stratum.
Preferably, in the anti-skew process recommending step, the method includes: and determining the current natural formation whipping index range and calculating a corresponding average value, wherein when the average value belongs to the first natural formation whipping index evaluation interval, a straight screw pendulum drilling tool assembly or a single-bent screw pendulum drilling tool assembly with a bending angle in a first range is recommended.
Preferably, in the process recommending step, further, when the average value belongs to a second stratum natural whipstock index evaluation interval, a single-bending screw pendulum drilling tool assembly with a bending angle in a second range is recommended, wherein the second stratum natural whipstock index evaluation interval is larger than the first stratum natural whipstock index evaluation interval, and the second range is larger than the first range.
Preferably, in the process recommending step, further, when the average value belongs to a third formation natural whipstock index evaluation interval, a single-bending screw pendulum drilling tool combination or a vertical drilling system combination with a bending angle in a third range is recommended, wherein the third formation natural whipstock index evaluation interval is greater than the second formation natural whipstock index evaluation interval, and the third range is greater than the second range.
Preferably, the method further comprises: in the real drilling process, carrying out while-drilling evaluation on critical parameters of well quality according to the obtained MWD measurement while drilling data; and judging whether to continue composite drilling according to the while-drilling evaluation result of the well quality key parameter, wherein when the well quality key parameter exceeds the corresponding evaluation standard, the drilling parameter is adjusted or the inclination correction operation is performed.
Preferably, the method further comprises: in the real drilling process, well deviation angle data are obtained while drilling, a preset stratum deviation force model is adopted, well drilling evaluation is carried out on stratum deviation force, well deviation data at the bottom of a well are further predicted, and stratum anisotropy indexes in the stratum deviation force model are replaced by stratum soft and hard stagger indexes.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a drilling anti-deviation process recommendation system, which comprises: the formation natural deflecting evaluation parameter generation module is configured to determine the formation dip angle and the formation soft and hard staggering index of the to-be-drilled well according to the seismic data and the logging interpretation data of the area where the to-be-drilled well is located; the formation natural deflecting index generating module is configured to evaluate the natural deflecting characteristic of the formation according to the formation inclination angle and the formation soft and hard staggering index to obtain a formation natural deflecting index; and the anti-tilting process recommending module is configured to recommend an anti-tilting drilling tool combination and a corresponding anti-tilting process suitable for the current stratum by utilizing the stratum natural tilting index.
Preferably, the system further comprises: the stratum deflection force evaluation module is configured to acquire well deflection angle data while drilling in the real drilling process, adopts a preset stratum deflection force model, evaluates the stratum deflection force while drilling, and further predicts well deflection data at the bottom of a well, wherein stratum anisotropy indexes in the stratum deflection force model are replaced by stratum soft and hard stagger indexes.
One or more embodiments of the above-described solution may have the following advantages or benefits compared to the prior art:
The invention provides a recommendation method and a recommendation system for a drilling anti-inclination process. The method and the system establish the natural formation deflection index through the formation dip angle and the formation soft and hard staggering index, and can rapidly and effectively recommend the anti-dip drilling tool combination and the corresponding anti-dip process suitable for the current formation. In addition, in the real drilling process, the method adopts the optimized stratum deflecting force model and the drilling-while-drilling deflecting data to monitor and evaluate the quality of the well bore, dynamically adjusts the drilling parameters required by the real drilling operation on the one hand according to the evaluation result, and can also timely take corresponding well deflection correction measures when necessary. The invention plays a good guiding role in the selection of the anti-inclined drilling technology, the reinforced parameter drilling technology and other process technologies, and simultaneously ensures higher well quality under the condition of ensuring high drilling speed.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention, without limitation to the invention. In the drawings:
Fig. 1 is a step diagram of a method for recommending a drilling anti-deviation process according to an embodiment of the application.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a method of recommending a drilling anti-deviation process according to an embodiment of the application.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a formation dip curve of a three-open section of an adjacent well to be drilled in a certain block of a tariff basin in a drilling anti-dip process recommendation method according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a stratum soft and hard staggered index curve of three well sections of adjacent wells to be drilled in a certain block of a tower basin in the drilling anti-deviation process recommendation method according to the embodiment of the application.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a natural formation deflecting index curve of a three-well section to be drilled in a certain block of a tariff basin in a drilling anti-deflecting process recommendation method according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an actually measured well inclination angle curve of three sections to be drilled in a certain block of a tariff basin in a drilling anti-inclination process recommendation method according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a drilling anti-deviation process recommendation system according to an embodiment of the application.
Detailed Description
The following will describe embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, thereby solving the technical problems by applying technical means to the present invention, and realizing the technical effects can be fully understood and implemented accordingly. It should be noted that, as long as no conflict is formed, each embodiment of the present invention and each feature of each embodiment may be combined with each other, and the formed technical solutions are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
Additionally, the steps illustrated in the flowcharts of the figures may be performed in a computer system, such as a set of computer executable instructions. Also, while a logical order is depicted in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps depicted or described may be performed in a different order than presented herein.
In the easy-to-incline stratum, the conventional anti-incline and anti-incline drilling tool combination is to sacrifice the drilling speed and trade the quality of the well body, so that the drilling period is long and the drilling cost is high. Well deviation control is one of the key drilling technologies, and how to prevent well deviation from being beaten quickly and ensure well quality is a technical problem which needs to be solved all the time by drillers. By developing attack researches, students at home and abroad have remarkable progress in aspects of well deviation control theory, fast anti-deviation drilling technology and the like.
Currently, a system anti-tilting rapid technology series is formed, referring to table 1, a common anti-tilting drilling tool combination mainly comprises: static passive anti-tilt combinations (full-bore drilling tool combination, pendulum drilling tool combination), dynamic passive anti-tilt combinations (flexible combination, eccentric combination, pre-bending combination) and active anti-tilt combinations. Table 1 shows the characteristics and application range of typical prior art drilling anti-slant techniques.
Table 1 characteristics and application ranges of various anti-skew techniques
In the existing anti-tilting drilling tool combination, three types of combinations of a static passive anti-tilting combination and a dynamic passive anti-tilting combination and an active anti-tilting combination are formed. Because factors such as drilling complexity, acceleration, drilling cost and the like need to be comprehensively considered in the drilling process, several most commonly used drilling tool combinations are formed: a straight screw pendulum drilling assembly, a curved screw pendulum drilling assembly, and a vertical drilling system assembly. Although researchers establish theoretical models of formation natural whipping aspects such as formation anisotropy indexes, formation whipping characteristic parameters and the like, the effects of formation natural whipping evaluation results in the selection of anti-whipping technologies are restricted due to more parameters and difficult acquisition. For this reason, there is a need to establish a simple and efficient drilling tool assembly selection method.
Drilling a wellbore that meets wellbore quality requirements is a precondition for drilling operations, and well deviation is the most common wellbore quality problem. In the aspect of geological factors, three factors of stratum anisotropy, stratum inclination angle and stratum lithology soft and hard alternation can cause uneven stress and unstable work of a drill bit, so that well deviation is generated.
Therefore, in order to solve the problems that the parameters required for evaluating the natural deviation of the existing stratum are more and are difficult to obtain and the selection of the anti-deviation technology cannot be further effectively guided, the recommendation method and the recommendation system for the drilling anti-deviation technology are provided. The method and the system can be applied to the technical field of drilling of petroleum, natural gas, shale gas, coal bed gas, geological drilling and the like. Specifically, the method only refers to two factors of stratum inclination angle of adjacent wells to be drilled and stratum soft and hard staggering index, quantitative evaluation of natural pre-drilling stratum deflecting index is carried out on the stratum to be drilled or the stratum to be drilled, and according to the quantitative evaluation result, a drilling tool combination which is suitable for the stratum to be drilled and has the function of preventing deflection and an anti-deflection process which is consistent with the currently recommended drilling tool combination are recommended. In this way, the invention recommends the anti-slant drilling tool combination and the corresponding anti-slant process by using the stratum parameters which are convenient to obtain, and the invention is a simple and effective drilling tool combination selection method, which plays a good role in the selection of the anti-slant drilling technology.
In addition, when the recommended anti-inclination drilling tool combination is used for carrying out actual drilling operation on a stratum to be drilled, the invention also provides a method for optimizing the existing stratum deflection force model by adopting the stratum soft-hard staggering index, so that the stratum deflection force in the actual drilling operation process is estimated while drilling by utilizing the optimized stratum deflection force model, and drilling parameters are dynamically adjusted or transferred into the inclination correction operation according to an estimation result, so that the drilling speed is ensured, and the well quality is also considered.
Example 1
Fig. 1 is a step diagram of a method for recommending a drilling anti-deviation process according to an embodiment of the application. Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a method of recommending a drilling anti-deviation process according to an embodiment of the application. The following describes the anti-skew process recommendation method according to the embodiment of the present application in detail with reference to fig. 1 and 2.
First, the selection principle of two types of reference factors for evaluating the natural whipping index of the stratum adopted by the invention is explained. In the existing stratum oblique force or stratum natural oblique index evaluation technology, stratum anisotropy index is applied to evaluation, but the stratum anisotropy index is difficult to obtain accurate data and the acquisition process is complex. Since the formation anisotropy and lithology alternation are respectively different descriptions of the same problem, the former is a microscopic mechanism for generating well deviation, and the latter is a macroscopic mechanism, the evaluation using the formation anisotropy index or the lithology alternation index is the same in effect through a great deal of practice and verification. Currently, only the stratum anisotropy index is used for evaluation, and the stratum anisotropy index needs to be measured through an indoor rock drilling experiment or obtained through inversion of actual drilling data, wherein measurement or inversion calculation is difficult and difficult to obtain, and engineering personnel are challenged to use the method. However, the stratum soft and hard staggering index only depends on one parameter of compressive strength, has the characteristics of convenient acquisition and simple calculation, and can effectively judge the occurrence of well deviation by using the soft and hard staggering index after a great amount of verification is carried out by engineering personnel in field application. Therefore, in order to effectively evaluate the natural deflecting capability of the stratum and the well inclination risk of the well hole in a facilitated manner, the invention refers to stratum factors of which the stratum inclination angle and the stratum hardness interleaving index are two main factors.
Referring to fig. 1 and2, first, step S110 evaluates the formation dip angle and the formation hardness-interleaving index of the current section to be drilled or drilled (hereinafter referred to as "to be drilled") according to the seismic data and the adjacent well logging interpretation data of the region to be drilled. Specifically, firstly, area history information such as seismic data and geological data of an area where the well is to be drilled, logging data of a drilled or drilled section in the area and the like needs to be collected, and the area history information is evaluated. On the other hand, stratum rock mechanical characteristic parameters are calculated according to the regional history information, and stratum soft and hard interlacing indexes which characterize soft and hard interlacing characteristics of the stratum where the current well is to be drilled are calculated according to the stratum rock mechanical characteristic parameters by utilizing a soft and hard interlacing index calculation formula. Formation rock mechanical property parameters include, but are not limited to: uniaxial compressive strength of the formation. Wherein, the stratum soft and hard interleaving index is expressed by the following expression:
Wherein I s represents a formation soft-hard stagger index, S UCa represents an average value of uniaxial compressive strength in a unit formation depth (an average value of compressive strength in a range of the segment is calculated per a preset depth segment), R MS represents a root mean square of uniaxial compressive strength in a unit formation depth, and D SS represents a sum of peak-to-peak values of uniaxial compressive strength in a unit formation depth. Thus, a formation soft and hard stagger index curve varying with formation depth, i.e., a formation soft and hard stagger index data set to be drilled, is obtained, see fig. 4.
On the other hand, after the above-mentioned area history information is evaluated, it is also necessary to evaluate the inclination angle of the stratum to be drilled currently according to the seismic data and/or the adjacent well logging interpretation data in the area history information. In the embodiment of the invention, the formation dip data to be drilled is preferably a formation dip curve. Wherein, the formation dip curve is a formation dip data curve varying with the depth of the formation, refer to fig. 3.
After the formation dip angle and the formation hardness interleaving index to be drilled currently are obtained respectively, the process proceeds to step S120. Step S120 evaluates the natural deflecting characteristic of the stratum according to the inclination angle of the stratum to be drilled and the stratum hardness interleaving index, and obtains the stratum natural deflecting index. In an embodiment of the invention, the natural whipstock index of the formation is calculated using the following expression:
Wherein I i represents the natural whipstock index of the stratum, and gamma represents the dip angle of the stratum. Further, in the depth range of the stratum where the current well is to be drilled, according to the stratum soft and hard staggered index data and the stratum inclination angle data corresponding to each meter of depth, stratum natural deflecting index data under the current depth are calculated, so that stratum natural deflecting index data corresponding to all depths are obtained, and a stratum natural deflecting index curve changing along with the depth of the stratum is formed based on the stratum natural deflecting index data, namely a stratum natural deflecting index data set to be drilled in the embodiment of the invention, and reference is made to fig. 5.
Further, after obtaining the natural whipstock index of the formation currently to be drilled, the process proceeds to step S130. Step S130 recommends an anti-deviation drilling tool combination and a corresponding anti-deviation process suitable for the current stratum by utilizing the natural deviation index of the stratum to be drilled currently. When recommending the anti-inclined drilling tool combination, determining the range of all the natural inclined drilling index data of the stratum in the current depth range according to the natural inclined drilling index of the stratum to be drilled currently, calculating the average value of all the natural inclined drilling index data of the stratum, and taking the average value as the reference data of the anti-inclined drilling tool combination recommended to be suitable for the current stratum.
In the embodiment of the present invention, step S130 further needs to divide the reference data for evaluating the natural whipstock index of the stratum into three evaluation intervals of the natural whipstock index of the stratum, which are respectively: a first formation natural whipstock index evaluation interval (e.g., less than 1.25), a second formation natural whipstock index evaluation interval (e.g., greater than or equal to 1.25 and less than or equal to 1.4), and a third formation natural whipstock index evaluation interval (e.g., greater than 1.4). Therefore, the invention can recommend the adaptive anti-tilting drilling tool combination and the anti-tilting process aiming at each stratum natural deflecting index evaluation interval.
Further, in one embodiment, when the current reference data (average value of all the above-mentioned formation natural whipstock index data) belongs to the first formation natural whipstock index evaluation interval (for example, the current average value is less than 1.25), a straight screw pendulum drilling tool assembly or a single-bent screw pendulum drilling tool assembly with a bending angle in a first range (for example, a bending angle of 0.5 °) is recommended as the anti-tilting drilling tool assembly suitable for the current formation. And then, using an anti-tilting process which is suitable for the straight screw pendulum drilling tool assembly or the single-bending screw pendulum drilling tool assembly with the bending angle in the first range, and carrying out drilling construction operation on the to-be-drilled well.
Further, in one embodiment, when the current reference data (average value of all the above-mentioned natural whipstock index data) belongs to the second natural whipstock index evaluation interval (for example, the current average value is between 1.25 and 1.4), a single-bending screw pendulum drilling tool combination with a bending angle in a second range (for example, the bending angle is between 0.75 and 1.25 degrees) is recommended as an anti-tilting drilling tool combination suitable for the current stratum. And then, using an anti-tilting process which is suitable for the single-bending screw pendulum drilling tool assembly with the bent angle in the second range, and carrying out drilling construction operation on the to-be-drilled well.
Further, in one embodiment, when the current reference data (average value of all the above-mentioned natural whipstock index data) belongs to the third natural whipstock index evaluation interval (for example, the current average value is greater than 1.4), it is recommended to use a single-bending screw pendulum drilling tool combination or a vertical drilling system combination in a third range (for example, the bending angle is greater than 1.25 °) as the anti-dip drilling tool combination suitable for the current stratum. And then, using an anti-tilting process which is suitable for a single-bending screw pendulum drilling tool combination or a vertical drilling system combination with a third bending angle range to perform drilling construction operation on the to-be-drilled well.
Furthermore, in the practical application process, the natural deflecting index range of the stratum corresponding to the current to-be-drilled well may belong to the same natural deflecting index evaluation interval of the stratum, may also belong to different natural deflecting index evaluation intervals of the stratum, and for the latter case, the section recommendation of the drilling tool combination may also be performed on the sections belonging to different natural deflecting index evaluation intervals of the stratum in the current to-be-drilled well. Specifically, after the natural deflecting index of the stratum to be drilled is obtained, determining the range of all stratum natural deflecting index data in the current depth range, dividing the current natural deflecting index range to be drilled into different interval sections according to the three deflecting index evaluation intervals when the current natural deflecting index range does not belong to the deflecting index evaluation interval, and recommending a recommendation scheme suitable for the inclined drilling tool combination and inclined drilling preventing process of the stratum of the section for each interval section.
In this way, the embodiment of the invention only refers to two stratum factors, namely the stratum inclination angle and the stratum soft and hard staggering index which are convenient to obtain, through the anti-skew combination recommendation scheme formed by the steps S110 to S130, evaluates the natural stratum inclination index, and selects and recommends the anti-skew drilling tool combination and the corresponding anti-skew process which are required to be used in the actual drilling process according to the evaluation result.
Example two
In the present embodiment, firstly, according to the anti-deviation combination recommended scheme formed in step S110 to step S130 described in the first embodiment, an anti-deviation drilling tool combination and a corresponding anti-deviation process required in the current real drilling process are determined, so that the method enters step S140 to monitor and evaluate well deviation data in the drilling construction process of the well being drilled (the well to be drilled in step S110 to step S130 after the well to be drilled starts to be drilled); and then, evaluating the deflecting force of the stratum to be drilled by utilizing the step S150 so as to take corresponding anti-deflecting measures when necessary and ensure the well quality in the actual drilling process.
In the real drilling process, step S140 firstly evaluates the critical parameters of the well quality while drilling according to the MWD inclinometry data obtained while drilling, and then judges whether to continue the composite drilling according to the evaluation result while drilling of the critical parameters of the well quality. Wherein the well deviation angle data is preferably a well deviation angle curve, which is a well deviation angle curve varying with the stratum depth, referring to fig. 6.
Specifically, according to the obtained MWD while drilling inclinometry data, well quality key parameters such as well inclination angle, horizontal displacement, full angle change rate and the like are calculated and evaluated; and then, judging whether the composite drilling or the directional drilling is adopted in the next step according to the evaluation results of the key parameters of the well quality. In the actual drilling process, well deviation data (including well deviation angle and well deviation azimuth angle, collected by an MWD measurement while drilling instrument) under different well depths are obtained, and well quality key parameters such as well deviation angle, horizontal displacement, full angle change rate and the like of the corresponding well depths are calculated.
When the well quality key parameters such as the well inclination angle, the horizontal displacement, the full angle change rate and the like of the corresponding well depth are evaluated, each well quality key parameter is required to be compared with well quality evaluation standards corresponding to the well quality key parameters. Further, in a specific embodiment, when one of the well inclination angle, the horizontal displacement and the full angle change rate exceeds the evaluation standard corresponding to the index, the drilling parameter is adjusted or the inclination correction operation is immediately implemented, so that when the well inclination angle, the horizontal displacement and the full angle change rate exceed the standard in the real drilling process, corresponding countermeasures are needed to be immediately taken to correct the abnormal situation.
In another embodiment, the current composite drilling operation is continued when the well inclination angle, the horizontal displacement and the full angle change rate are all within the preset range of the evaluation standard corresponding to each parameter.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the well quality evaluation criteria (for example, the well inclination angle evaluation criteria, the horizontal displacement evaluation criteria, the full angle change rate evaluation criteria, etc.) are not particularly limited, and may be set by those skilled in the art according to actual conditions, construction criteria, and specifications.
Further, due to the zero length of the MWD inclinometer, no downhole well deviation data can be measured, and advanced prediction of downhole well deviation data is required. In the real drilling process, step S150 is to evaluate the formation making bias by adopting a preset formation making bias model according to the obtained MWD while drilling inclinometry data (well inclination angle data), further predict the well inclination data of the bottom of the well, and evaluate indexes such as well inclination angle, horizontal displacement, full angle change rate and the like of the bottom of the well. The stratum deflecting force model is mainly used for analyzing and evaluating stratum deflecting force after drilling construction or drilling. The existing stratum deflecting force model not only considers stratum anisotropy index and stratum inclination angle, but also considers the influences of factors such as weight on bit and well inclination angle. According to the invention, the situation that some influencing parameters in the existing stratum oblique force model are difficult to acquire is considered, the model is optimized, and the stratum anisotropy index of the model is replaced by the stratum soft and hard interleaving index obtained in the step S110.
Further, the stratum oblique force model described in the present invention is expressed by the following expression:
Wherein F represents formation making inclined force, beta represents formation inclination angle, alpha represents well inclination angle and P represents weight on bit.
In this way, the invention synchronously monitors and evaluates the well quality and the dynamic stratum inclination force in the well drilling construction process of the well drilling through the steps S140 to S150, and adjusts the well drilling parameters and the well drilling mode (compound well drilling or directional well drilling), so that the well drilling construction operation can ensure the well drilling quality while ensuring the high drilling speed state.
Example III
In an embodiment, the anti-deviation process recommendation method described in the first embodiment and the second embodiment is applied to perform anti-deviation drilling tool combination and corresponding anti-deviation process recommendation before drilling on a three-well section of a certain area of the Tarim basin, and monitor and evaluate the well deviation angle of the real drilling.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a formation dip curve of a three-open section of an adjacent well to be drilled in a certain block of a tariff basin in a drilling anti-dip process recommendation method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 3, the formation dip angle of the three-open-hole section (3700-6300 m) of a certain block of the tower is 2-30 degrees. Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a stratum soft and hard staggered index curve of three well sections of adjacent wells to be drilled in a certain block of a tower basin in the drilling anti-deviation process recommendation method according to the embodiment of the application. As shown in fig. 4, the stratum of the three-open-well section of a certain area of the tower basin is higher in soft and hard interleaving degree. Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a natural formation deflecting index curve of a three-well section to be drilled in a certain block of a tariff basin in a drilling anti-deflecting process recommendation method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 5, the three well sections to be drilled currently can be divided into four sections according to the natural formation whipstock index curve, and the anti-whipstock drilling technology suitable for the formation whipstock characteristic is recommended for each well section. The formation section conditions were as follows:
① 3700-4400m well section, stratum dip angle is about 2 degrees, stratum shape is stable, stratum hardness interleaving index of the upper well section is larger (0.1-1.15), stratum natural deflecting index is smaller (natural deflecting index range is 1.10-1.64, average value is 1.23), and a straight screw pendulum drilling tool combination or a 0.5-degree single-bending screw pendulum drilling tool combination is recommended to be used;
② 4400-4900m well section, large formation dip angle change (2-16 degrees), unstable formation occurrence and tendency, small soft and hard interleaving index (0.1-0.26), large natural formation deflecting index (natural deflecting index range is 1.11-1.58, average value is 1.26), and 0.5-1.25 degrees of single-bending screw pendulum drilling tool combination is recommended to be used;
③ 4900-5400m well section, large formation dip angle change (2-30 degrees), unstable formation attitude and tendency, large soft and hard stagger index (0.1-1.10), large natural formation deflecting index (natural deflecting index range is 1.20-2.12, average value is 1.50), and 1.25-1.5 degrees of bent screw pendulum drilling tool combination or vertical drilling system combination are recommended to be used;
④ 5400-6300m well section, the stratum dip angle is smaller (2-4 degrees), stratum shape is stable, the soft and hard stagger index is larger (0.1-1.0), the stratum natural deflecting index is larger (the natural deflecting index range is 1.17-1.66, the average value is 1.42), and a 1.25-degree single-bending screw directional drilling tool combination is recommended.
Thus, the current anti-slant combination scheme of the three-open wellbore section is obtained, as shown in table 2. Table 2 shows the anti-dip combined section recommendation for the three sections to be drilled in a certain section of the tariff basin.
Table 2X well three-open anti-skew combination recommended scheme
According to the proposed anti-dip drilling tool combination scheme for the well sections, the anti-dip drilling tool combination scheme is applied to the site of the X well three-well section, three drilling tool combinations of a straight screw pendulum drilling tool combination, a bent screw pendulum drilling tool combination and a vertical drilling system are used for achieving good effects by matching with an MWD measurement while drilling instrument, the drilling period of the three-well section is 32.33d, 27.25% is reduced compared with that of the drilling period of the three-well section before optimization, and the drilling cost is greatly saved. Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an actually measured well inclination angle curve of three sections to be drilled in a certain block of a tariff basin in a drilling anti-inclination process recommendation method according to an embodiment of the present application. At the well section of 3746-4949 m, using a straight screw pendulum drilling tool combination, a footage 1203m and an average mechanical drilling speed of 6.68m/h, wherein the well deviation is in a linear increasing trend along with the increase of the well depth on the whole, and the well deviation is increased to 2.42 degrees at 4920m (refer to fig. 6); at 4949-6049m interval, vertical drilling system combination is used, and the well inclination is reduced from 2.42 degrees (4920 m) to 0.53 degrees (5205 m); after 5205m, controlling the well deviation within 1.3 degrees, the footage is 1100m, and the average mechanical drilling speed is 9.42m/h; in the well section of 6049-6285 m, the well deviation control difficulty is relatively reduced, a 1.25-degree single-bending screw drilling tool combination is used, the drilling length is 236m, the pure drilling time is 30.5h, and the average mechanical drilling speed is 7.87m/h.
Then, the anti-tilting process recommendation method is popularized and applied to other 4 wells in a certain zone of the Tarim, a straight screw pendulum drilling tool assembly is popularized and applied to the three upper well sections, a curved screw pendulum drilling tool assembly is adopted to a stratum with strong lower tilting capability, the maximum well tilting angle is smaller than 2.6 degrees, the average well tilting angle is 0.98 degrees, and the well quality meets the requirements; the average mechanical drilling speed of the 4 wells is 5.77m/h, which is 64.93% higher than the average value before optimization; the average drilling period of the three-way valve is 33.36d, which is reduced by 24.93 percent.
Example IV
Based on the anti-skew process recommendation methods described in the first embodiment, the second embodiment and the third embodiment, the application further provides an anti-skew process recommendation system. Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a drilling anti-deviation process recommendation system according to an embodiment of the application. As shown in fig. 7, the anti-skew process recommendation system includes: a formation natural whipstock evaluation parameter generation module 71, a formation natural whipstock index generation module 72 and an anti-whipstock process recommendation module 73.
Specifically, the formation natural whipstock evaluation parameter generation module 71 is implemented according to the method described in the above step S110, and is configured to evaluate the formation dip angle and the formation hardness-to-hardness interlace index of the to-be-drilled well according to the seismic data and the logging interpretation data of the area where the to-be-drilled well is located. The formation natural deviation index generation module 72, which is implemented according to the method described in the above step S120, is configured to evaluate the natural deviation characteristic of the formation according to the formation inclination angle to be drilled and the formation soft-hard interleaving index obtained by the formation natural deviation evaluation parameter generation module 71, so as to obtain the formation natural deviation index. The anti-dip process recommending module 73 is configured to recommend an anti-dip drilling tool combination and a corresponding anti-dip process suitable for the current formation using the natural whipstock index of the formation obtained by the natural whipstock index generating module 72.
In addition, the anti-skew process recommendation system further includes: a formation whipstock evaluation module 74. Specifically, the formation bias force evaluation module 74 is configured to obtain well bias angle data while drilling during the actual drilling process, and to evaluate formation bias force while drilling using a preset formation bias force model, and to predict well bias data downhole. Wherein, stratum anisotropy index in stratum diagonal force model is replaced by stratum soft and hard stagger index.
The embodiment of the invention provides a drilling anti-inclination process recommendation method and system. The method and the system establish the natural formation deflection index through the formation dip angle and the formation soft and hard staggering index, and can rapidly and effectively recommend the anti-dip drilling tool combination and the corresponding anti-dip process suitable for the current formation. In addition, in the real drilling process, the method not only can evaluate the well quality while drilling, but also can synchronously monitor and evaluate the formation deflecting ability while drilling by adopting the optimized formation deflecting force model, and according to the two evaluation results, the method can dynamically adjust the drilling parameters required by the real drilling operation on one hand and can also take corresponding well deflecting correction measures in time when necessary. The invention plays a good guiding role in the selection of the anti-inclined drilling technology, the reinforced parameter drilling technology and other process technologies, and simultaneously ensures higher well quality under the condition of ensuring high drilling speed.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
It is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments are not limited to the specific structures, process steps, or materials disclosed herein, but are intended to extend to equivalents of these features as would be understood by one of ordinary skill in the relevant arts. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting.
Reference in the specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrase "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.
Although the embodiments of the present invention are described above, the embodiments are only used for facilitating understanding of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make any modification and variation in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, but the scope of the present disclosure is still subject to the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A method of recommending a drilling anti-deviation process, the method comprising:
A formation natural deflecting evaluation parameter generating step, namely determining a formation dip angle to be drilled and a formation soft and hard staggering index according to seismic data of an area where the to-be-drilled well is located and logging interpretation data of an adjacent well;
A formation natural deflecting index generating step, namely evaluating the natural deflecting characteristic of the formation according to the inclination angle of the formation and the interleaving index of the formation to obtain the formation natural deflecting index;
Recommending an anti-tilting process, namely recommending an anti-tilting drilling tool combination suitable for the current stratum and a corresponding anti-tilting process by using the stratum natural tilting index, wherein the stratum natural tilting index is calculated by using the following expression:
Wherein I i represents the natural whipstock index of the formation and γ represents the dip angle of the formation, wherein in the anti-whipping process recommendation step, the method comprises: determining a current natural whipstock index range of the stratum and calculating a corresponding average value, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
when the average value belongs to the evaluation interval of the natural whipping index of the first stratum, recommending a straight screw pendulum drilling tool assembly or a single-bending screw pendulum drilling tool assembly with a bending angle in a first range;
When the average value belongs to a second stratum natural deflecting index evaluation interval, recommending a single-bending screw pendulum drilling tool assembly with a bending angle in a second range, wherein the second stratum natural deflecting index evaluation interval is larger than the first stratum natural deflecting index evaluation interval, and the second range is larger than the first range;
And recommending a single-bending screw pendulum drilling tool combination or a vertical drilling system combination with a bending angle in a third range when the average value belongs to a third stratum natural deflecting index evaluation interval, wherein the third stratum natural deflecting index evaluation interval is larger than the second stratum natural deflecting index evaluation interval, and the third range is larger than the second range.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the formation natural whipstock evaluation parameter generation step, the formation soft/hard interlace index is calculated using the following expression:
Wherein I s represents the index of the formation soft and hard staggering, S UCa represents the average value of uniaxial compressive strength in unit formation depth, R MS represents the root mean square of uniaxial compressive strength in unit formation depth, and D SS represents the sum of peak and peak values of uniaxial compressive strength in unit formation depth.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the method further comprises:
In the real drilling process, carrying out while-drilling evaluation on critical parameters of well quality according to the obtained MWD measurement while drilling data;
And judging whether to continue composite drilling according to the while-drilling evaluation result of the well quality key parameter, wherein when the well quality key parameter exceeds the corresponding evaluation standard, the drilling parameter is adjusted or the inclination correction operation is performed.
4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the method further comprises:
In the real drilling process, well deviation angle data are obtained while drilling, a preset stratum deviation force model is adopted, well drilling evaluation is carried out on stratum deviation force, well deviation data at the bottom of a well are further predicted, and stratum anisotropy indexes in the stratum deviation force model are replaced by stratum soft and hard stagger indexes.
5. A drilling anti-deviation process recommendation system, the system comprising:
The formation natural deflecting evaluation parameter generation module is configured to determine the formation dip angle and the formation soft and hard staggering index of the to-be-drilled well according to the seismic data of the area where the to-be-drilled well is located and the logging interpretation data of the adjacent well;
The formation natural deflecting index generating module is configured to evaluate the natural deflecting characteristic of the formation according to the formation inclination angle and the formation soft and hard staggering index to obtain a formation natural deflecting index;
The anti-deviation process recommending module is configured to recommend an anti-deviation drilling tool combination and a corresponding anti-deviation process suitable for the current stratum by utilizing the stratum natural deviation index, wherein the stratum natural deviation index is calculated by utilizing the following expression:
Wherein I i represents the natural whipstock index of the formation and γ represents the dip angle of the formation, wherein in the anti-whipping process recommendation step, the method comprises: determining a current natural whipstock index range of the stratum and calculating a corresponding average value, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
when the average value belongs to the evaluation interval of the natural whipping index of the first stratum, recommending a straight screw pendulum drilling tool assembly or a single-bending screw pendulum drilling tool assembly with a bending angle in a first range;
When the average value belongs to a second stratum natural deflecting index evaluation interval, recommending a single-bending screw pendulum drilling tool assembly with a bending angle in a second range, wherein the second stratum natural deflecting index evaluation interval is larger than the first stratum natural deflecting index evaluation interval, and the second range is larger than the first range;
And recommending a single-bending screw pendulum drilling tool combination or a vertical drilling system combination with a bending angle in a third range when the average value belongs to a third stratum natural deflecting index evaluation interval, wherein the third stratum natural deflecting index evaluation interval is larger than the second stratum natural deflecting index evaluation interval, and the third range is larger than the second range.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the system further comprises:
The stratum deflection force evaluation module is configured to acquire well deflection angle data while drilling in the real drilling process, adopts a preset stratum deflection force model, evaluates the stratum deflection force while drilling, and further predicts well deflection data at the bottom of a well, wherein stratum anisotropy indexes in the stratum deflection force model are replaced by stratum soft and hard stagger indexes.
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Inventor after: Sun Lianzhong Inventor after: Yi Hao Inventor after: Yu Yang Inventor after: Chen Xiaofeng Inventor before: Sun Lianzhong Inventor before: Yi Hao Inventor before: Yu Yang Inventor before: Chen Xiaofeng |
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