CN113714446A - Axial closed rolling forming device and method for large-diameter-thickness-ratio metal thin circular plate - Google Patents
Axial closed rolling forming device and method for large-diameter-thickness-ratio metal thin circular plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN113714446A CN113714446A CN202110978739.XA CN202110978739A CN113714446A CN 113714446 A CN113714446 A CN 113714446A CN 202110978739 A CN202110978739 A CN 202110978739A CN 113714446 A CN113714446 A CN 113714446A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J9/00—Forging presses
- B21J9/02—Special design or construction
- B21J9/025—Special design or construction with rolling or wobbling dies
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0081—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for slabs; for billets
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Abstract
The invention discloses an axial closed rolling forming device and method for a metal thin circular plate with a large diameter-thickness ratio, wherein the device comprises an upper die and a lower die; a cavity is arranged in the lower die, a boss matched with the cavity is arranged on the upper die, the bottom end face of the boss is a conical surface, and the included angle between the conical surface and the horizontal plane is 4-12 degrees; the method comprises the following steps: heating the blank, and preheating the upper die and the lower die; placing the blank into a groove part of the lower die for positioning; rotating the lower die, applying pressure to the upper die, stopping pressing the upper die when the upper die is pressed to a specified stroke, and continuing rotating the lower die to shape the disc forging; after the forging is finished, performing air cooling and heat treatment; the closed rotary forging technology is adopted, the problem of overlarge load can be solved by adopting the axial direction, the requirements on equipment and cost are reduced, the forming temperature is reduced, the forming precision is improved, and crystal grains are refined, the central cracking condition can be avoided due to the stress of the positioning table and the positioning table which is required by the positioning table and arranged in the groove, the tissue consistency can be improved to a certain degree, and the performance isotropy is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of part forming, in particular to an axial closed rolling forming device and method for a metal thin circular plate with a large diameter-thickness ratio.
Background
At present, a metal circular plate is mainly formed by open die forging, but because the diameter of the metal circular plate is larger and the ratio of the diameter to the thickness is also larger, higher requirements are put forward for the tonnage of forging equipment, and some forming problems are easily caused, such as too fast temperature drop caused by the contact of a blank and the surface of an upper die, easy cracking of a metal thin circular plate with a large diameter-thickness ratio and easy buckling and rebounding of the edge of the circular plate; in addition, the performance of the metal round plate formed by the process at the present stage is anisotropic, so that a weak area is easily generated, and the service process of a finished product is not facilitated.
The patent with the publication number of 111496172A discloses a double-roller rotary forging forming method of a thin-wall metal disc, which mainly forms a semi-finished product subjected to heating upsetting forming by means of revolution of double cone rollers, autorotation driven by a blank and upward feeding motion of a lower concave die, and stops after the feeding motion stops and the double cone rollers still revolve for 2-3 circles, and can be used for forming the metal disc with a large diameter/thickness ratio; the patent with publication number 108080543A discloses a method for forming metal disc and metal ring by multi-roller rotary forging, which comprises placing semi-finished blank which has undergone heating, upsetting and local pressure accumulation deformation into a cavity of a female die by a multi-roller rotary forging device, moving a multi-roller slide block downwards during the deformation, rotating a lower die to drive the blank and the multi-roller slide block to rotate, and realizing the metal disc and ring with large diameter-thickness ratio, the maximum diameter of more than 10m, the thickness of less than 100mm, and the diameter/thickness ratio of more than 100. For thin-wall disc pieces with the diameter of about 500mm, the required load tonnage is large due to the contact area by utilizing the open die forging process, and the contact area between the blank and the die in the double-roller or multi-roller rolling process is reduced, but the center thinning and cracking are easy to occur due to the forming mode of the blank.
The patent publication 111496172a discloses a method for forming a thin-walled metal disc by double-roller rotary forging, which adopts double conical rollers to pressurize and rotate a blank, so that the stress state of the center of the blank is tensile stress, the surface quality of the center area is easily affected, and when the blank is deformed to be thinner, the central tensile stress area easily exceeds the deformation resistance, and the center is cracked; due to the design of the double conical rollers, when the lower die drives the blank to rotate, when the rolled areas of the two conical rollers are overlapped, surface defects such as folding and the like are easily caused due to unreasonable feeding amount per revolution. The multi-roller process is limited by the size of a formed piece, the original size of the blank has more requirements, the manufacturing cost of multi-roller equipment is high, and the blank flowing at the joint between multi-roller dies is not easy to control.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an axial closed type rolling forming device and method for a metal thin circular plate with a large diameter-thickness ratio, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art, and the axial closed type swing rolling technology can solve the problem of overlarge load, reduce the requirements on equipment and cost, reduce the forming temperature, improve the forming precision and refine crystal grains, and avoid the central cracking condition due to the stress of the positioning table and the positioning table which is required by the positioning table and arranged in a groove part, and can improve the tissue consistency to a certain degree to achieve the performance isotropy.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides an axial closed rolling forming device for a large-diameter-thickness-ratio metal thin circular plate, which comprises an upper die and a lower die, wherein the top of the upper die is connected with a vertical load pressing device, the upper die is driven by the vertical load pressing device to realize vertical displacement and press a blank in the lower die, the bottom of the lower die is provided with a rotating mechanism, and the lower die is driven by the rotating mechanism to rotate; the lower die is internally provided with a die cavity for forming a metal circular plate, the bottom of the die cavity is provided with a groove part for positioning blank, the bottom of the upper die is provided with a boss matched with the die cavity, the bottom end face of the boss is a conical surface, and the included angle between the conical surface of the bottom end face of the boss and the horizontal plane is 4-12 degrees.
Preferably, the upper die and the lower die are made of 5CrNiMo tool steel.
Based on the axial closed rolling forming device for the large diameter-thickness ratio metal thin circular plate, the invention also provides an axial closed rolling forming method for the large diameter-thickness ratio metal thin circular plate, which comprises the following steps:
1) heating the blank, and preheating the upper die and the lower die;
2) placing the blank into a groove part of the lower die for positioning;
3) after the relative positions of the blank, the upper die and the lower die are fixed, the upper die starts to feed downwards, the lower die rotates, the pressing-down speed of the lower die is 5-8 mm/s, the rotating speed of the lower die is 30-60 RPM, the deformation is 30% -80%, when the blank is pressed to a specified stroke, the upper die stops pressing down, and the lower die continues to rotate for 5-8 s to shape the disc forging;
4) air cooling is carried out after the forging is finished;
5) and (4) carrying out heat treatment on the circular plate forging, and adopting thermal refining.
Preferably, in the step 1), the blank is heated to 1000-1100 ℃ at the heating rate of 5-8 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 2h, and the upper die and the lower die are preheated to 200-400 ℃.
Preferably, in the step 2), the height-diameter ratio of the blank is not more than 0.5.
Preferably, in the step 5), the heat treatment process comprises the steps of heating the circular plate forging to 800-850 ℃, preserving heat for 1-2 hours, cooling with water, then heating to 610-590 ℃, preserving heat for 1-2 hours, and finally air cooling.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
according to the axial closed rolling forming device and method for the metal thin circular plate with the large diameter-thickness ratio, when the circular plate with the diameter of about 200-600 mm is produced, aiming at the phenomena of center cracking, poor surface quality and the like, the axial closed swing rolling technology can be used for forging the thin-wall metal circular plate, the surface quality of a workpiece formed by the technology is good, the load requirement in the forming process can be reduced due to local loading, and the disk produced by the axial closed rolling technology can achieve isotropy, namely the circumferential performance and the radial performance are consistent. The cost investment of the rotary forging equipment is smaller than that of a multi-roller rotary forging equipment, the forming temperature can be properly reduced due to the reduction of the forming load, the forming precision can be improved, and the effect of refining crystal grains can be achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an axial closed rolling forming device for a metal thin circular plate with a large diameter-thickness ratio according to the present invention, which is in a working state before an upper mold is pressed;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an axial closed rolling forming device for a metal thin circular plate with a large diameter-thickness ratio according to the present invention, which is a working state of pressing an upper mold;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a circular plate forging;
in the figure: 1-upper die, 2-lower die, 3-cavity, 4-groove part, 5-boss and 6-blank.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide an axial closed rolling forming device and method for a metal thin circular plate with a large diameter-thickness ratio, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
The embodiment provides an axial closed rolling forming device for a metal thin circular plate with a large diameter-thickness ratio, which comprises an upper die 1 and a lower die 2, wherein the top of the upper die 1 is connected with a vertical load pressing device (not shown in the figure), the upper die 1 is driven by the vertical load pressing device to realize vertical displacement and press a blank 6 in the lower die 2, the bottom of the lower die 2 is provided with a rotating mechanism (not shown in the figure), and the lower die 2 is driven by the rotating mechanism to rotate; be provided with the fashioned die cavity 3 of metal circular plate spare in the lower mould 2, the bottom of die cavity 3 is provided with the concave part 4 of location stock, and the bottom of going up mould 1 sets up boss 5 with die cavity 3 complex, and the bottom face of boss 5 is the circular conical surface, and the conical surface of boss 5 bottom face and the contained angle of horizontal plane are 4 ~ 12.
In the embodiment, the upper die 1 and the lower die 2 are made of 5CrNiMo tool steel; maximum diameter of upper die 1
The height is 80mm, the dip angle of the upper die 1 is 6 degrees, and the maximum diameter of the lower die 2
The height is 100mm, the depth of a cavity 3 of the lower die 2 is 20mm, the fillet of the cavity 3 is 3 degrees, the draft angle is 6 degrees, the corresponding upper die 1 is provided with a boss 5 matched with the lower die 2, and the center of the bottom of the lower die 2 is provided with a positioning table with a certain size so as to fix a blank in the forming process.
On the basis of the axial closed rolling forming device for the metal thin circular plate with the large diameter-thickness ratio, the embodiment also provides an axial closed rolling forming method for the metal thin circular plate with the large diameter-thickness ratio, which comprises the following steps:
1) heating the blank, and preheating the upper die 1 and the lower die 2; heating the blank to 1000-1100 ℃ at a heating rate of 5-8 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 2h, preheating the upper die 1 and the lower die 2 to 200-400 DEG C
2) As shown in fig. 1, a blank 6 is placed into the groove part 4 of the lower die 2 for positioning, and the height-diameter ratio of the blank 6 is not more than 0.5;
3) as shown in fig. 2, after the relative positions of the blank 6, the upper die 1 and the lower die 2 are fixed, the upper die 1 starts to feed downwards, the lower die 2 rotates, the pressing speed of the lower die 2 is 5-8 mm/s, the rotating speed of the lower die 2 is 30-60 RPM, the deformation is 30% -80%, when the blank is pressed to a specified stroke, the upper die 1 stops pressing, and the lower die 2 continues to rotate for 5-8 s to shape the disc forging;
4) air cooling is carried out after the forging is finished;
5) carrying out heat treatment on the circular plate forging (as shown in figure 3), and carrying out quenching and tempering treatment; the heat treatment process comprises the steps of heating the circular plate forging to 800-850 ℃, preserving heat for 1-2 hours, cooling with water, then heating to 610-590 ℃, preserving heat for 1-2 hours, and finally cooling with air.
It should be noted that the vertical load pressing device and the rotating mechanism mentioned in this embodiment are conventional driving devices of the mold, and the structure and the working principle thereof are not described in detail.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying specific examples, and the description of the above examples is only used for helping understanding the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In summary, this summary should not be construed to limit the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a big footpath thickness ratio metal thin circular plate axial closed roll forming device which characterized in that: the device comprises an upper die and a lower die, wherein the top of the upper die is connected with a vertical load pressing device, the upper die is driven by the vertical load pressing device to realize vertical displacement and press a blank in the lower die, a rotating mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the lower die, and the lower die is driven by the rotating mechanism to rotate; the lower die is internally provided with a die cavity for forming a metal circular plate, the bottom of the die cavity is provided with a groove part for positioning blank, the bottom of the upper die is provided with a boss matched with the die cavity, the bottom end face of the boss is a conical surface, and the included angle between the conical surface of the bottom end face of the boss and the horizontal plane is 4-12 degrees.
2. The axial closed type rolling forming device for the metal thin circular plate with the large diameter-thickness ratio as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper die and the lower die are made of 5CrNiMo tool steel.
3. The method for carrying out the axial closed rolling forming on the metal thin circular plate with the large radius-thickness ratio by using the axial closed rolling forming device for the metal thin circular plate with the large radius-thickness ratio as claimed in claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) heating the blank, and preheating the upper die and the lower die;
2) placing the blank into a groove part of the lower die for positioning;
3) after the relative positions of the blank, the upper die and the lower die are fixed, the upper die starts to feed downwards, the lower die rotates, the pressing-down speed of the lower die is 5-8 mm/s, the rotating speed of the lower die is 30-60 RPM, the deformation is 30% -80%, when the blank is pressed to a specified stroke, the upper die stops pressing down, and the lower die continues to rotate for 5-8 s to shape the disc forging;
4) air cooling is carried out after the forging is finished;
5) and (4) carrying out heat treatment on the circular plate forging, and adopting thermal refining.
4. The axial closed rolling forming method for the thin circular plate with the large diameter-thickness ratio as claimed in claim 3, wherein: in the step 1), the blank is heated to 1000-1100 ℃ at the heating rate of 5-8 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 2h, and the upper die and the lower die are preheated to 200-400 ℃.
5. The axial closed rolling forming method for the thin circular plate with the large diameter-thickness ratio as claimed in claim 3, wherein: in the step 2), the height-diameter ratio of the blank is not more than 0.5.
6. The axial closed rolling forming method for the thin circular plate with the large diameter-thickness ratio as claimed in claim 3, wherein: in the step 5), the heat treatment process comprises the steps of heating the circular plate forging to 800-850 ℃, preserving heat for 1-2 hours, cooling with water, then heating to 610-590 ℃, preserving heat for 1-2 hours, and finally cooling with air.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110978739.XA CN113714446A (en) | 2021-08-25 | 2021-08-25 | Axial closed rolling forming device and method for large-diameter-thickness-ratio metal thin circular plate |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110978739.XA CN113714446A (en) | 2021-08-25 | 2021-08-25 | Axial closed rolling forming device and method for large-diameter-thickness-ratio metal thin circular plate |
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| CN113714446A true CN113714446A (en) | 2021-11-30 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114589463A (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2022-06-07 | 西北工业大学 | L-shaped high-temperature bearing ring forming method |
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Application publication date: 20211130 |