CN113685390B - Hydraulic direction valve and hydraulic power unit with same - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydraulic direction valve and a hydraulic power unit with the same, wherein the hydraulic direction valve comprises a valve body, a valve core assembly and an end cover, a first oil inlet and a valve cavity which are communicated are formed in the valve body, and a first oil port is formed in the side wall of the valve body, which is far away from the first oil inlet; the end cover is connected with one end of the valve body, which is far away from the first oil inlet, and a second oil port which can be communicated with the valve cavity is formed in the end cover; the valve core assembly is arranged in the valve cavity and can axially slide, the valve core assembly comprises a first valve core and a one-way valve structure arranged in the first valve core, hydraulic oil can flow into the valve cavity in one way through the first oil inlet under the action of upward thrust of oil pressure and flows out of the first oil port, and a sealing structure is formed between the top of the first valve core and the second oil port under the action of upward thrust of the oil pressure. Compared with the prior art, the hydraulic power unit has the advantages of small volume, simple structure, high integration level, few fault points and low cost.

Description

Hydraulic direction valve and hydraulic power unit with same

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic systems, in particular to a hydraulic direction valve and a hydraulic power unit with the same.

Background

The traditional hydraulic direction valve mostly adopts a one-way valve, only can control the direction of a certain fluid channel, has a single function, and can meet the functional requirement only by adopting a plurality of hydraulic one-way valves in actual use, so that the cost is higher, the actual installation is complicated and the fault points are more.

In addition, the traditional hydraulic power unit mostly adopts an alternating current motor, adopts an electromagnetic reversing valve and a one-way valve to control the oil flowing direction, and adopts an integrated poor gear pump unit. The hydraulic power unit has the advantages of complex structure, more parts, poor integration, more fault points, large assembly volume and high cost.

Based on the above situation, the invention provides a hydraulic direction valve and a hydraulic power unit with the same, which can effectively solve the problems.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the hydraulic direction valve which has a simple structure and reasonable and compact design, simplifies pipelines, improves the integration degree of hydraulic valve elements, reduces the number of valve elements and pipelines required by actual work and reduces the cost of a system.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic power unit that uses a dc motor to drive, uses an integrated high gear pump unit, and provides a simplified hydraulic directional valve in the hydraulic valve block to replace the conventional electromagnetic directional valve and check valve. Compared with the traditional hydraulic power unit, the hydraulic power unit has the advantages of small volume, simple structure, high integration level, few fault points and low cost.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

in one aspect, the present invention provides a hydraulic directional valve comprising:

the valve body is provided with a first oil inlet and a valve cavity which are communicated, and a first oil port is formed in the side wall of the valve body, which is far away from the first oil inlet;

the end cover is connected with one end of the valve body, which is far away from the first oil inlet, and a second oil port which can be communicated with the valve cavity is formed in the end cover; and

the valve core assembly is arranged in the valve cavity and can axially slide, the valve core assembly comprises a first valve core and a one-way valve structure arranged in the first valve core, hydraulic oil can flow into the valve cavity in one way through the first oil inlet under the action of upward thrust of oil pressure and flows out of the first oil port, and a sealing structure is formed between the top of the first valve core and the second oil port under the action of upward thrust of the oil pressure; when the first oil port is filled with oil, hydraulic oil only flows out from the second oil port.

Preferably, the one-way valve structure comprises a second valve core arranged in the first valve core, a first plugging object arranged at the top of the second valve core and a first spring arranged at the top of the first plugging object, wherein an oil through hole communicated with the valve cavity is formed in the first valve core, and an oil inlet channel capable of being communicated with the oil through hole is formed in the second valve core; the first blocking object moves upwards under the upward thrust action of oil pressure, so that the oil inlet channel is communicated with the oil through hole.

Preferably, the top of the first valve core is sleeved with a second spring, and the other end of the second spring is abutted to the end cover; in the initial state, a gap is formed between the top of the first valve core and the second oil port under the action force of the second spring.

Preferably, the first valve core is in clearance fit with the valve body, and an oil groove is formed in the outer side wall of the first valve core in a circumferential direction.

Preferably, the first oil inlet has an inner diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the valve chamber.

Preferably, the first spring and the second spring are conical springs.

In a second aspect, the invention further provides a hydraulic power unit of the hydraulic direction valve, the hydraulic power unit comprises a motor, a hydraulic oil way valve block assembly, a hydraulic gear pump and an oil tank, the hydraulic oil way valve block assembly comprises a hydraulic oil way valve block, a hydraulic direction valve and an overflow valve which are arranged on the hydraulic oil way valve block, the motor and the oil tank are respectively integrated on two sides of the hydraulic oil way valve block, the hydraulic gear pump is positioned in the oil tank and is integrated on the hydraulic oil way valve block, and the hydraulic gear pump is connected with an output shaft of the motor through a coupling.

Preferably, the third oil outlet of the hydraulic gear pump is communicated with the first oil inlet of the hydraulic direction valve, the first oil port of the hydraulic direction valve is respectively communicated with the overflow valve and the system oil inlet through a first oil pipe, the second oil port of the hydraulic direction valve is communicated with the oil tank through a second oil pipe, and the fourth oil outlet of the overflow valve is communicated with the second oil pipe through a third oil pipe.

Preferably, the overflow valve comprises a second blocking object, a third spring and an inner hexagonal screw plug, one end of the second blocking object can form a sealing surface with the pipe orifice of the first oil pipe, the other end of the second blocking object is abutted with the third spring, and the other end of the third spring is embedded in the inner hexagonal screw plug.

Preferably, the oil tank is provided with an oil tank interface, and the outer wall of the oil tank below the oil tank interface is provided with a temperature sensor.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. the hydraulic direction valve has the advantages of small whole volume and light weight, the self gravity of the hydraulic direction valve is far less than the friction force between the valve core and the inner wall of the valve body and the oil adsorption force, the structure can realize the conversion and the opening and the closing of all the oil ports mainly by the action of oil pressure, and the operation is convenient; the hydraulic direction valve can be used in the normal installation, the inverted installation or the installation in other directions in the application process, is flexible to use, and can meet the oil inlet or outlet requirements under various conditions.

2. The hydraulic power unit adopts the hydraulic direction valve to replace the traditional electromagnetic reversing valve and the traditional one-way valve, is suitable for various states such as oil inlet, oil return, overhigh system oil pressure and the like, and has wide application range. Compared with the prior art, the hydraulic power unit has the advantages of small volume, simple structure, high integration level, few fault points and low cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the hydraulic directional valve of the present invention in an initial state configuration;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic directional valve of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a state diagram of the hydraulic directional valve of the present invention in one position;

FIG. 4 is a state diagram of the hydraulic directional valve of the present invention in two positions;

FIG. 5 is a state diagram of the hydraulic directional valve of the present invention in three positions;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the front view of the hydraulic power unit of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the right side view of the hydraulic power unit of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a view A-A of the hydraulic power unit of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a B-B view of the hydraulic power unit of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a partial view at a in fig. 9.

Reference numerals: 1-a hydraulic directional valve; 2-an electric motor; 3-a hydraulic oil way valve block assembly; 4-a hydraulic gear pump; 5-an oil tank; a 6-coupling; 7-an oil tank interface; 8-a temperature sensor; 9-a wire harness assembly; 10-sealing rings; 11-a valve body; 12-a first valve core; 13-a second valve core; 14-end caps; 15-a first occlusion; 16-a first spring; 17-a second spring; 18-a first oil pipe; 19-a second oil pipe; 20-a third oil pipe; 21-an oil pipe plug; 31-a hydraulic oil way valve block; 32-overflow valve; 41-a second oil inlet; 42-a third oil outlet; 111-a first oil inlet; 112-a first oil port; 122-valve cavity; 123-oil groove; 131-an oil inlet passage; 141-a second oil port; 321-a second occlusion; 322-a third spring; 323-inner hexagonal plug screw; 1210-oil holes.

Detailed Description

In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to specific examples, but it should be understood that the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the present patent; for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain elements of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced and do not represent the actual product dimensions; it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted. The positional relationship depicted in the drawings is for illustrative purposes only and is not to be construed as limiting the present patent.

The invention is further illustrated with reference to figures 1 to 10 and examples, which are not intended to be limiting.

Referring to fig. 1, a hydraulic directional valve includes a valve body 11, an end cap 14, and a spool assembly. The valve body 11 is provided with a first oil inlet 111 and a valve cavity 122 which are communicated, and the side wall of the valve body 11 far away from the first oil inlet 111 is provided with a first oil port 112; the end cover 14 is connected with one end of the valve body 11 far away from the first oil inlet 111 in a sealing way, and a second oil port 141 which can be communicated with the valve cavity 122 is formed in the end cover 14; the valve core assembly is arranged in the valve cavity 122 and can axially slide, the valve core assembly comprises a first valve core 12 and a one-way valve structure arranged in the first valve core 12, hydraulic oil can flow into the valve cavity 122 in one way through the first oil inlet 111 and flows out of the first oil port 112 by virtue of the upward thrust action of oil pressure, and a sealing structure is formed between the top of the first valve core 12 and the second oil port 141 under the upward thrust action of the oil pressure.

The one-way valve structure comprises a second valve core 13 arranged in the first valve core 12, a first blocking object 15 arranged at the top of the second valve core 13 and a first spring 16 arranged at the top of the first blocking object 15, wherein an oil through hole 1210 communicated with the valve cavity 122 is formed in the first valve core 12, and an oil inlet channel 131 capable of being communicated with the oil through hole 1210 is formed in the second valve core 13; the first blocking material 15 moves up by the upward thrust of the oil pressure so that the oil feed passage 131 communicates with the oil passing hole 1210.

Specifically, the first blocking object 15 is a sphere, and a sealing surface can be formed between the sphere and the top opening of the second valve core 13; the first spring 16 is a conical spring, is arranged to be big-end-up, the lower end of the first spring is connected with the first plugging object 15, and the upper end of the first spring is embedded in the first valve core; in the initial state, the first blocking object 15 forms a sealing surface between the first blocking object and the outlet end of the oil inlet channel 131 under the action of the first spring 16. The valve body is in clearance fit with the first valve core, and a small enough gap exists between the valve body and the first valve core through the dimensional tolerance fit between the diameter of the inner hole of the valve body and the outer diameter of the first valve core, so that the valve can be sealed and the first valve core can slide up and down in the valve body. The outer diameter of the second valve core 13 is in interference fit with the inner hole diameter of the first valve core 12, so that the second valve core 13 cannot slide.

A plurality of oil grooves 123 are formed in the outer side wall of the first valve core 12 in the axial equidistant annular direction, and the oil grooves 123 are filled with oil, so that friction loss between the first valve core 12 and the valve body 11 can be reduced.

Further, in order to ensure oil return, the second oil port 141 on the end cover 14 can be smoothly opened. The top of the first valve core is sleeved with a second spring 17, the other end of the second spring 17 is abutted to the end cover 14, and the second spring 17 is a conical spring and is arranged to be big in top and small in bottom. In the initial state, a gap is formed between the top of the first valve core and the second oil port 141 under the action of the second spring 17, and the open state is maintained.

Because the valve core component of the hydraulic direction valve 1 has small whole volume and light weight, the gravity of the valve core component is far smaller than the friction force between the first valve core 12 and the inner wall of the valve body 11 and the oil adsorption force, the conversion and the opening and the closing of all oil ports are realized mainly by the pressure of hydraulic oil, and the three oil inlet and outlet states of the hydraulic direction valve 1 are as follows:

one bit, see fig. 2 and 3. After the pressure oil enters the valve cavity from the first oil inlet 111, the stressed area of the first valve core 12 is larger than that of the first blocking object 15, so that the first valve core 12 is pushed to move upwards, the second spring 17 is compressed first, the spherical surface at the top of the first valve core 12 is attached to the conical surface of the second oil port 141 on the end cover 14 first, and the second oil port 141 is closed. When the pressure reaches a certain value, the first blocking object 15 moves downwards, the first blocking object 15 compresses the first spring 16, the first blocking object 15 is separated from the conical surface at the top of the second valve core 13, and hydraulic oil is discharged from the first oil port 112. The pretightening force of the first spring 16 and the second spring 17 can be set according to actual use conditions, so that the top of the first valve core 12 is sealed with the second oil port 141 under the same oil pressure condition.

Two-bit, see fig. 2 and 4. When pressure oil enters the valve cavity from the first oil port 112, under the action of the second spring 17, the top spherical surface of the first valve core 12 is separated from the second oil port 141 conical surface of the end cover 14, meanwhile, the pressure oil enters the inner cavity of the first valve core 12 from the circumferential oil through hole 1210 of the first valve core 12, and under the downward combined action force of hydraulic oil and the first spring 16, the first blocking object 15 in the inner cavity of the first valve core 12 moves downwards to be tightly attached to the top conical surface of the second valve core 13. In this position, the second oil port 141 is kept open, the first oil inlet 111 is closed, and hydraulic oil exits from the second oil port 141.

Three positions, see fig. 2 and 5. When hydraulic oil enters the valve cavity from the second oil port 141, under the action of the second spring 17, the spherical surface at the top of the first valve core 12 is separated from the conical surface of the second oil port 141 of the end cover 14, and simultaneously under the downward combined action force of the hydraulic oil and the first spring 16, the first plugging material 15 in the inner cavity of the first valve core 12 moves downwards to be tightly attached to the conical surface at the top of the second valve core 13. In this position, the first oil port 112 remains open, the first oil inlet 111 is closed, and hydraulic oil exits from the first oil port 112.

Referring to fig. 6 to 10, the hydraulic directional valve 1 is applied to a hydraulic power unit of the present invention, and the hydraulic power unit includes a motor 2, a wire harness assembly 9, a sealing ring 10, a hydraulic oil path valve block assembly 3, a skeleton oil seal, a coupling 6, a hydraulic gear pump 4, an oil tank 5, a temperature sensor 8, and an oil tank interface 7. The relief valve 32 is a safety component of the hydraulic power unit, and controls the oil pressure in the device, and when the oil pressure is too high, the relief valve 32 is opened, so that the oil pressure in the device is kept within a safety range.

The hydraulic oil passage valve block assembly 3 includes a hydraulic oil passage valve block 31, a hydraulic directional valve 1 mounted in the hydraulic oil passage valve block 31, and a relief valve 32. The overflow valve 32 comprises a second blocking object 321, a third spring 322 and an inner hexagonal screw plug 323, wherein one end of the second blocking object 321 can form a sealing surface with the orifice of the first oil pipe 18, the other end of the second blocking object abuts against the third spring 322, and the other end of the third spring 322 is embedded in the inner hexagonal screw plug 323. The second blocking object 321 is a steel ball, and the inner hexagonal screw plug 323 is sealed with the hydraulic oil way valve block 31 through the sealing ring 10. After the adjustment is qualified, the hexagon socket screw 323 of the overflow valve 32 and the hydraulic valve block are fixed in a punching and riveting mode, so that the overflow pressure is prevented from being changed due to the rotation of the overflow valve 32 caused by vibration.

The motor 2 adopts a direct current motor 2, the motor 2 is arranged on the left side of a hydraulic oil way valve block 31 and is connected with the hydraulic oil way valve block 31 through a bolt, an output shaft of the motor 2 is positioned in the hydraulic oil way valve block 31, a hydraulic gear pump 4 is connected on the right side of the hydraulic oil way valve block 31 through a bolt, and an oil tank 5 is arranged on the right side of a hydraulic oil way valve block assembly 3 and is connected with the hydraulic oil way valve block 31 through a bolt; the hydraulic gear pump 4 is located in the oil tank 5 and is connected with the output shaft of the motor 2 through a coupling 6.

The second oil inlet 41 of the hydraulic gear pump 4 is positioned in the oil tank 5, the third oil outlet 42 of the hydraulic gear pump 4 is communicated with the first oil inlet 111 of the hydraulic directional valve 1, the first oil port 112 of the hydraulic directional valve 1 is respectively communicated with the overflow valve 32 and the system oil inlet through the first oil pipe 18, the second oil port 141 of the hydraulic directional valve 1 is communicated with the oil tank 5 through the second oil pipe 19, and the fourth oil outlet of the overflow valve 32 is communicated with the second oil pipe 19 through the third oil pipe 20. The second oil inlet 41 and the third oil outlet 42 of the hydraulic gear pump 4 are respectively provided with a filter screen, and the filter screens are in interference fit with the oil ports. The integrated design is adopted, the front cover of the hydraulic gear pump 4 is canceled, and the middle of the shell of the hydraulic gear pump 4 is directly connected with the hydraulic oil way valve block 31.

The hydraulic oil way valve block 31 adopts the steel ball as the oil pipe plug 21, so that the volume of parts is reduced while the tightness of an oil way is ensured, and the cost is reduced.

The working principle of the hydraulic power unit is as follows:

when the motor 2 is started, the power is transmitted to the hydraulic gear pump 4 through the coupling 6 by the output shaft of the motor 2, the second oil inlet 41 starts to absorb oil, after the oil passes through the filter screen in the second oil inlet 41, iron particles in the oil are purified and then flow from the hydraulic gear pump 4 to the first oil inlet 111 of the hydraulic directional valve 1, then hydraulic oil flows from the first oil port 112 of the hydraulic directional valve 1 to the first oil pipe 18 of the hydraulic oil way valve block 31, and then enters the system from the system oil inlet. When the oil pressure in the system is too high, hydraulic oil enters the oil inlet of the overflow valve 32 from the first oil pipe 18, then the second blocking object 321 is jacked up, and the hydraulic oil flows back into the oil tank 5 from the fourth oil outlet of the overflow valve 32 through the third oil pipe 20 and the second oil pipe 19.

When the system returns oil, hydraulic oil enters the first oil pipe 18 of the hydraulic oil way valve block 31 from the system oil inlet, then enters the first oil port 112 of the hydraulic direction valve 1, enters the hydraulic direction valve 1, then enters the second oil pipe 19 of the hydraulic oil way valve block 31 from the second oil port 141 of the hydraulic direction valve 1, and then flows back into the oil tank 5 through the hydraulic oil way valve block 31.

The present invention is described and illustrated in the drawings, and one skilled in the art can easily make or use a hydraulic directional valve and a hydraulic power unit according to the present invention, and can produce the positive effects described in the present invention.

Unless specifically stated otherwise, in the present invention, if there are terms such as "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., the positional relationship indicated is based on the positional relationship indicated in the drawings, and is merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and it is not necessary to indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so that the terms describing the positional relationship in the present invention are merely for exemplary illustration and are not to be construed as limitations of the present patent, and it is possible for those skilled in the art to understand the specific meaning of the above terms in conjunction with the drawings and according to circumstances. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.

Unless specifically stated or limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "connected" herein are to be construed broadly, e.g., they may be fixed, removable, or integral; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited in any way, and any simple modification and equivalent changes of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A hydraulic directional valve, comprising:

the valve body (11) is provided with a first oil inlet (111) and a valve cavity (122) which are communicated, and a first oil port (112) is formed in the side wall of the valve body (11) far away from the first oil inlet (111);

the end cover (14) is connected with one end, far away from the first oil inlet (111), of the valve body (11), and a second oil port (141) which can be communicated with the valve cavity (122) is formed in the end cover (14); and

the valve core assembly is arranged in the valve cavity (122) and can axially slide, the valve core assembly comprises a first valve core (12) and a one-way valve structure arranged in the first valve core (12), hydraulic oil can flow into the valve cavity (122) in one way through a first oil inlet (111) under the action of upward thrust of oil pressure and flows out of a first oil port (112), and a sealing structure is formed between the top of the first valve core (12) and a second oil port (141) under the action of upward thrust of the oil pressure; when the first oil port (112) is filled with oil, hydraulic oil only flows out from the second oil port (141);

the one-way valve structure comprises a second valve core (13) arranged in the first valve core (12), a first blocking object (15) arranged at the top of the second valve core (13) and a first spring (16) arranged at the top of the first blocking object (15), wherein an oil through hole (1210) communicated with the valve cavity (122) is formed in the first valve core (12), and an oil inlet channel (131) capable of being communicated with the oil through hole (1210) is formed in the second valve core (13); the first blocking object (15) moves upwards under the thrust action of oil pressure upwards, so that the oil inlet channel (131) is communicated with the oil through hole (1210);

a second spring (17) is sleeved at the top of the first valve core (12), and the other end of the second spring (17) is abutted to the end cover (14); in the initial state, a gap is formed between the top of the first valve core (12) and the second oil port (141) under the action of the second spring (17).

2. The hydraulic directional valve according to claim 1, wherein: the first valve core (12) is in clearance fit with the valve body (11), and an oil groove (123) is formed in the outer side wall of the first valve core (12) in a circumferential direction.

3. The hydraulic directional valve according to claim 1, wherein: the inner diameter of the first oil inlet (111) is smaller than the inner diameter of the valve cavity (122), and the top diameter of the first valve core (12) is smaller than the inner diameter of the valve cavity (122).

4. The hydraulic directional valve according to claim 1, wherein: the first spring (16) and the second spring (17) are conical springs.

5. A hydraulic power unit having a hydraulic directional valve as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the hydraulic power unit comprises a motor (2), a hydraulic oil way valve block assembly (3), a hydraulic gear pump (4) and an oil tank (5), wherein the hydraulic oil way valve block assembly (3) comprises a hydraulic oil way valve block (31), a hydraulic directional valve (1) and an overflow valve (32) which are arranged on the hydraulic oil way valve block (31), the motor (2) and the oil tank (5) are respectively integrated on two sides of the hydraulic oil way valve block (31), the hydraulic gear pump (4) is positioned in the oil tank (5) and is integrated on the hydraulic oil way valve block (31), and the hydraulic gear pump (4) is connected with an output shaft of the motor (2) through a coupling (6).

6. The hydraulic power unit of claim 5, wherein: the third oil outlet (42) of the hydraulic gear pump (4) is communicated with the first oil inlet (111) of the hydraulic directional valve (1), the first oil outlet (112) of the hydraulic directional valve (1) is respectively communicated with the overflow valve (32) and the system oil inlet through the first oil pipe (18), the second oil outlet (141) of the hydraulic directional valve (1) is communicated with the oil tank (5) through the second oil pipe (19), and the fourth oil outlet of the overflow valve (32) is communicated with the second oil pipe (19) through the third oil pipe (20).

7. The hydraulic power unit of claim 5, wherein: the overflow valve (32) comprises a second blocking object (321), a third spring (322) and an inner hexagonal screw plug (323), one end of the second blocking object (321) can form a sealing surface with the pipe orifice of the first oil pipe (18), the other end of the second blocking object is abutted to the third spring (322), and the other end of the third spring (322) is embedded into the inner hexagonal screw plug (323).

8. The hydraulic power unit of claim 5, wherein: the oil tank (5) is provided with an oil tank interface (7), and a temperature sensor (8) is arranged on the outer wall of the oil tank (5) below the oil tank interface (7).