CN113678699A - Selenium-rich rape planting method - Google Patents
Selenium-rich rape planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113678699A CN113678699A CN202111093520.8A CN202111093520A CN113678699A CN 113678699 A CN113678699 A CN 113678699A CN 202111093520 A CN202111093520 A CN 202111093520A CN 113678699 A CN113678699 A CN 113678699A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/15—Leaf crops, e.g. lettuce or spinach
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of rape planting, and relates to a rape seed planting methodThe planting method of the selenium-rich rape comprises the following steps: land preparation and base fertilizer application; soaking rape seeds; sowing the treated rape seeds, and covering the rape seeds with nutrient soil prepared by fermenting astragalus sinicus and humic acid and compounding with plant ash; topdressing: in the 3-4 leaf stage of the rape seedlings, additionally applying urea and monopotassium phosphate; uniformly spraying selenium-rich foliar fertilizer at the early stage of flowering of rape
1 time, the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer
The paint comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 2-4 parts of sodium selenite, 8-12 parts of chitosan, 6-8 parts of citric acid, 2-4 parts of r-aminobutyric acid, 3-5 parts of calcium L-aspartate, 12-18 parts of potassium chloride, 3-5 parts of erythritol and 200-300 parts of water; spraying selenium-rich foliar fertilizer in flowering period and seed setting initial period
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rape planting, and particularly relates to a selenium-rich rape planting method.
Background
Selenium is a trace element essential to human body, and has anticancer, antioxidant, immunity enhancing, harmful heavy metal antagonizing, vitamin absorption and utilization regulating, and protein synthesis regulating effects. Selenium deficiency can cause the reduction of the immunity of human bodies and the occurrence of various diseases, so that selenium plays an extremely important role in the health of human bodies, and the eating of the selenium-enriched medicinal and edible preparation is a way of supplementing selenium, but the medicinal and edible preparation has low utilization rate in the human bodies and has side effect risks. Selenium-rich vegetables and selenium-rich grains are the most safe, effective, cheap and feasible way for human beings to take selenium as important organic selenium converters.
Selenium in vegetables and grains comes from soil, but most of the soil in China is deficient in selenium, the selenium-enriched vegetables or selenium-enriched grains need to be supplemented with exogenous selenium, the method of directly applying selenium fertilizer to soil to enrich selenium of crops is mainly realized by applying selenium fertilizer in the main mode of applying the selenium fertilizer, namely soil application and foliage spraying, the utilization rate of selenium is low, the selenium which is not absorbed and utilized falls into the soil, and the risk of environmental pollution exists; the selenium fertilizer is sprayed on the leaf surfaces, and is absorbed by the leaves of plants, so that the selenium fertilizer is convenient to use, but the problems that the absorption efficiency of the leaves on the selenium fertilizer is low, the liquid fertilizer on the leaf surfaces is easy to dry and lose efficacy on the leaf surfaces and the like exist, and the utilization rate of the selenium fertilizer is low.
The rape is brassica of brassicaceae, an annual herbaceous plant, the plant is upright, clustered and less branched, the height of the plant is 30-90 cm, the stem is green and yellow, the leaves are intergrowth, the general shape is unlimited inflorescence, and the fruit is silique. The rapeseed is one of the main oil crops in China, the rapeseed contains rich vegetable oil and can be eaten by people through squeezing, the rapeseed squeezed from the rape is rich in unsaturated fatty acid and can be well absorbed by the human body, and the absorption efficiency reaches 99%; and the edible rapeseed oil has the effects of clearing liver, benefiting gallbladder, reducing blood fat and slimming. The rape has strong selenium gathering capability on selenium, but as China is a selenium deficiency area, the produced rape is common rape seed. Compared with the seedling transplanting method, the direct seeding cultivation method can avoid damage to rape seedlings in the transplanting process, can reduce labor intensity and labor cost and planting cost, but because the direct-seeded rape is high in density and thin in stalk, the lodging condition of the rape is easy to occur, the yield of rapeseeds is greatly reduced, and the quality of the rape is reduced. How to introduce selenium into rape to obtain selenium-rich rapeseeds enhances the lodging resistance of the rape, improves the rapeseed yield of the rape, meets the requirement of people on selenium supplement, and is an important problem to be solved in the current rape planting.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a selenium-rich rape planting method, which overcomes the defects in the background technology.
In order to realize the aim, the invention provides a selenium-rich rape planting method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a soil with good drainage and loose soil as a planting land, and performing land preparation and applying a base fertilizer;
(2) putting the rape seeds into a mixed solution of carbendazim and potassium indolebutyrate, soaking for 20-30 min, taking out and naturally drying; has antibacterial and insect-proof effects and can promote the growth of rape seeds;
(3) sowing the treated rape seeds, covering the rape seeds with nutrient soil, spraying and watering the rape seeds thoroughly, and keeping the soil moist until seedlings emerge;
the nutrient soil is prepared from the following raw materials: chopping 30-40 parts of astragalus sinicus, adding 8-12 parts of humic acid and 0.3-0.5 part of yeast powder, sealing and fermenting for 1-2 days, adding 40-50 parts of plant ash, drying and crushing to obtain nutrient soil; the astragalus sinicus contains organic selenium, the astragalus sinicus and humic acid are fermented and converted into an organic fertilizer which is easily absorbed by plants, and the organic fertilizer is compounded with plant ash to obtain nutrient soil, so that the soil fertility can be increased, a fertilizer is provided for the growth of rape, the selenium element is supplemented, and the absorption and utilization of selenium by rape are promoted;
(4) topdressing: in the 3-4 leaf stage of the rape seedlings, additionally applying urea and monopotassium phosphate;
uniformly spraying a selenium-rich foliar fertilizer I for 1 times at the early stage of the flowering phase of the rape, wherein the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer I comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 2-4 parts of sodium selenite, 8-12 parts of chitosan, 6-8 parts of citric acid, 2-4 parts of r-aminobutyric acid, 3-5 parts of calcium L-aspartate, 12-18 parts of potassium chloride, 3-5 parts of erythritol and 200-300 parts of water; diluting the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer I by 500-600 times with water for spraying, wherein the application amount of the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer I per mu is 100-120 ml;
spraying a selenium-rich foliar fertilizer II for 1 time respectively in the flowering period and the seed setting initial period, wherein the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer II comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 4-6 parts of sodium selenite, 12-15 parts of chitosan, 8-12 parts of citric acid, 12-15 parts of urea, 1-3 parts of sodium naphthalene acetate, 3-5 parts of erythritol and 250-350 parts of water; diluting the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer II by 500-600 times with water for spraying, wherein the application amount of the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer II per mu is 100-120 ml;
(5) and (6) harvesting.
Preferably, in the selenium-rich rape planting method, in the step (1), the application amount of the base fertilizer per mu is 550-600 kg of thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure, 40-45 kg of calcium superphosphate and 1-2 kg of borax; in the step (4), 12-15 kg of urea and 5-8 kg of monopotassium phosphate are applied to each mu of land.
Preferably, in the selenium-rich rape planting method, the mixed solution of carbendazim and potassium indolebutyrate comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.05-0.07% of carbendazim, 0.01-0.03% of potassium indolebutyrate and the balance of water.
Preferably, in the selenium-rich rape planting method, the preparation method of the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer I comprises the following steps:
A1. mixing citric acid and 100 parts of water to prepare a citric acid solution, adding chitosan into the citric acid solution, and stirring for 2-4 hours at 50-70 ℃ to obtain a solution A;
A2. mixing sodium selenite with 20 parts of water to prepare a sodium selenite solution, adding the sodium selenite solution into the solution A obtained in the step A1, and shaking to obtain a solution B;
A3. and mixing gamma-aminobutyric acid, calcium L-aspartate, potassium chloride, erythritol and residual water to obtain a solution C, adding the solution C into the solution B, and uniformly mixing to obtain the selenium-enriched foliar fertilizer I. In the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer I, chitosan is protonated in a citric acid solution, and can adsorb and chelate selenious acid root ions to form a selenium organic chelate, so that the absorption and utilization of the rape on selenium and the conversion of the selenium in rape bodies are improved; the L-calcium aspartate and potassium chloride in the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer synergistically improve various enzyme activities in the rape organism, promote the formation of lignin and cellulose, thicken the rape stem wall and the rape stem, and enhance the lodging resistance of the rape; the r-aminobutyric acid and the erythritol can promote the leaves to absorb the selenium component, the calcium component and the potassium component of the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer I and promote the transportation of the components in the rape body, and the erythritol also has the functions of moisture preservation and surface activity, can prevent the liquid medicine from losing efficacy due to rapid drying of the leaves, prolongs the time for the leaves to absorb the foliar fertilizer, can enable the foliar fertilizer to expand and uniformly cover the whole leaves, improves the absorption area of the leaves, and enables the utilization rate of the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer to be improved.
Preferably, in the selenium-rich rape planting method, the preparation method of the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer II comprises the following steps:
B1. mixing citric acid and 150 parts of water to prepare a citric acid solution, adding chitosan into the citric acid solution, and stirring for 2-4 hours at 50-70 ℃ to obtain a solution A;
B2. mixing sodium selenite with 20 parts of water to prepare a sodium selenite solution, adding the sodium selenite solution into the solution A obtained in the step B1, and oscillating to obtain a solution B;
B3. and mixing urea, sodium naphthalene acetate, erythritol and residual water to obtain a solution C, adding the solution C into the solution B, and uniformly mixing to obtain the selenium-enriched foliar fertilizer II. The selenium-rich foliar fertilizer II enhances the accumulation of selenium in the rapes, and also has the effects of flower and fruit retention, fruit setting rate improvement and the like.
Preferably, in the selenium-rich rape planting method, the oscillation process parameters are as follows: the oscillation speed is 100-120 r/min, the temperature is 40-50 ℃, and the time is 20-30 min.
Preferably, in the planting method of the selenium-rich rape, in the step (2), the amount of the sown rape seeds is 250-300 g/mu.
Preferably, in the planting method of the selenium-rich rape, when 3-4 leaves of the rape seedlings are planted, the seedlings are homogenized and fixed, and the seedling density is 1.5-2 multiplied by 104Plants per mu.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the selenium-rich rape planting method can promote the growth of the rape and improve the selenium absorption of the rape, thereby increasing the selenium content of the rapeseeds, enhancing the lodging resistance of the rape and improving the yield of the rapeseeds. Inorganic selenium is converted into organic selenium of rapeseeds by a biotransformation method, so as to meet the content required by human body. The planting method is simple and safe, and can realize mass planting production.
2. In the selenium-rich rape planting method, the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer I and the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer II adsorb selenium through protonation chelation of chitosan, so that the selenium is favorably absorbed by the rape and converted in the rape body; spraying a selenium-rich foliar fertilizer I at the early flowering stage of the rape, wherein the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer I also comprises calcium aspartate and potassium chloride, so that the contents of lignin and cellulose in the main stems of the rape can be improved, the stems of the rape are thickened, the stem walls of the rape are thickened, and the lodging resistance of the rape is enhanced; and the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer II is sprayed in the flowering period and the seed setting initial period, so that the selenium content of the rape is further improved, and the effects of flower and fruit retention, fruit setting rate improvement and the like are also achieved. The yield and the quality of the selenium-rich rape are finally improved through the combined action of the components in the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer I and the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer II.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention is provided, but it should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Example 1
A selenium-rich rape planting method comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a land with good drainage and loose soil as a planting land, and performing land preparation and applying base fertilizers, wherein the base fertilizers applied per mu are decomposed farmyard manure 600g, calcium superphosphate 40kg and borax 1.5 kg;
(2) putting rape seeds into a mixed solution of 0.06% of carbendazim, 0.02% of potassium indolebutyrate and water (the balance) by mass percent, soaking for 30min, taking out and naturally drying;
(3) sowing the treated rape seeds, covering the seeds with nutrient soil after sowing, and then spraying and watering the seeds thoroughly and keeping the soil moist until seedlings emerge;
the nutrient soil is prepared by the following method: chopping 35 parts of Chinese milk vetch, adding 10 parts of humic acid and 0.4 part of yeast powder, sealing and fermenting for 2 days, adding 48 parts of plant ash, drying and crushing to obtain nutrient soil;
(4) topdressing: in the 3-4 leaf stage of rape seedlings, 14kg of urea and 6kg of monopotassium phosphate are applied to each mu of rape seedlings;
uniformly spraying a selenium-rich foliar fertilizer I for 1 times at the early stage of the flowering phase of the rape, wherein the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer I comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3 parts of sodium selenite, 10 parts of chitosan, 7 parts of citric acid, 3 parts of r-aminobutyric acid, 5 parts of calcium L-aspartate, 16 parts of potassium chloride, 3 parts of erythritol and 250 parts of water; diluting the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer I by 500 times with water for spraying, wherein the application amount of the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer I per mu is 110 ml;
spraying a selenium-rich foliar fertilizer II for 1 time respectively in the flowering period and the seed setting initial period, wherein the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer II comprises the following raw material components: 5 parts of sodium selenite, 14 parts of chitosan, 11 parts of citric acid, 13 parts of urea, 2 parts of sodium naphthaleneacetate, 4 parts of erythritol and 300 parts of water; diluting the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer II by 500 times with water for spraying, wherein the application amount of the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer II per mu is 100 ml;
(5) and (6) harvesting.
Example 2
A selenium-rich rape planting method comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a land with good drainage and loose and fertile soil as a planting land, and performing land preparation and applying base fertilizers, wherein the base fertilizers applied per mu are 600g of thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure, 40kg of calcium superphosphate and 1.5kg of borax;
(2) putting rape seeds into a mixed solution of 0.05 percent of carbendazim, 0.01 percent of potassium indolebutyrate and water (the balance) by mass percent, soaking for 30min, taking out and naturally drying;
(3) sowing the treated rape seeds, covering with nutrient soil after sowing, and then spraying and watering water and keeping the soil moist until seedlings emerge;
the nutrient soil is prepared by the following method: cutting 32 parts of Chinese milk vetch, adding 8 parts of humic acid and 0.3 part of yeast powder, sealing and fermenting for 2 days, adding 45 parts of plant ash, drying and crushing to obtain nutrient soil;
(4) topdressing: in the 3-leaf stage of rape seedlings, 14kg of urea and 6kg of monopotassium phosphate are applied to each mu of rape seedlings;
uniformly spraying a selenium-rich foliar fertilizer I for 1 times at the early stage of the flowering phase of the rape, wherein the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer I comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 parts of sodium selenite, 8 parts of chitosan, 6 parts of citric acid, 3 parts of r-aminobutyric acid, 4 parts of calcium L-aspartate, 14 parts of potassium chloride, 3 parts of erythritol and 250 parts of water; diluting the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer I by 500 times with water for spraying, wherein the application amount of the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer I per mu is 110 ml;
spraying a selenium-rich foliar fertilizer II for 1 time respectively in the flowering period and the seed setting initial period, wherein the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer II comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 4 parts of sodium selenite, 12 parts of chitosan, 9 parts of citric acid, 15 parts of urea, 2 parts of sodium naphthaleneacetate, 3 parts of erythritol and 300 parts of water; diluting the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer II by 500 times with water for spraying, wherein the application amount of the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer II per mu is 100 ml;
(5) and (6) harvesting.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer I consists of 3 parts of sodium selenite and 250 parts of water, the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer II consists of the following 5 parts of sodium selenite and 300 parts of water, and other steps and parameters are the same as those in the embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: in the step (3), ordinary soil is used for covering after sowing, and other steps and parameters are the same as those of the example 1.
Field test
Rape planting tests are carried out in 2019-2020 rape planting test bases of agricultural science research center of Guangxi Guilin city, and the rape planting tests are divided into 5 groups of an example 1 group, an example 2 group, a comparative example 1 group, a comparative example 2 group and a control group, wherein each group is repeated for 3 times, and the planting area of each treatment group is 50m2The groups of examples 1-2 and the comparative examples 1-2 are respectively used for planting the rapes according to the methods provided by the examples 1-2 and the comparative examples 1-2, the control group is covered by common soil after sowing, and clear water is sprayed for control at the budding stage, the flowering stage and the seed setting stage of the rapes, and the rest is the same as the example 1. The rape variety is rich oil 730, rape seeds are broadcast in late 9 months in 2019, the use amount of the sown rape seeds in each treatment group is 250 g/mu, and the field management is as follows: when the rape seedlings have 3-4 leaves, the seedlings are homogenized and fixed, and the seedling density of each cell is ensured to be 1.5 multiplied by 104The plants are planted per mu, and the other plants are managed according to a conventional rape planting method. Randomly sampling 10 plants in each cell in the mature period, investigating the effective pod number, the kernel number and the thousand kernel weight of each plant, and taking the average value of 3 repetitions of the results of each group; the actual lodging angle in the field is investigated 5 days before harvesting, and the method for measuring the lodging angle in the field comprises the following steps: the lodging angle of the rape field is represented by the included angle between the connecting line of the highest point of the canopy and the cotyledon node and the vertical direction; threshing after harvesting each cell respectively, measuring the yield of the seeds and the selenium in the rape seedsThe content and the selenium content are detected by referring to an atomic fluorescence spectrometry method of GB5009.93-2017 standard, and the measurement results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 agronomic traits and lodging angles of oilseed rape of different test groups
As can be seen from the table 1, the selenium-rich rape planting method disclosed by the invention can improve the selenium content of rape, meet the selenium content standard in food, improve the lodging property of rape and improve the yield of rape.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The selenium-rich rape planting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting a soil with good drainage and loose soil as a planting land, and performing land preparation and applying a base fertilizer;
(2) putting the rape seeds into a mixed solution of carbendazim and potassium indolebutyrate, soaking for 20-30 min, taking out and naturally drying;
(3) sowing the treated rape seeds, covering the rape seeds with nutrient soil, spraying and watering the rape seeds thoroughly, and keeping the soil moist until seedlings emerge;
the nutrient soil is prepared from the following raw materials: according to the weight parts, 30-40 parts of astragalus sinicus are cut into pieces, then 8-12 parts of humic acid and 0.3-0.5 part of yeast powder are added, sealed fermentation is carried out for 1-2 days, 40-50 parts of plant ash are added, and the mixture is dried and crushed to obtain the nutrient soil;
(4) topdressing: in the 3-4 leaf stage of the rape seedlings, additionally applying urea and monopotassium phosphate;
uniformly spraying selenium-rich foliar fertilizer at the early stage of flowering of rape
1 time, the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer
The paint comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 2-4 parts of sodium selenite, 8-12 parts of chitosan, 6-8 parts of citric acid, 2-4 parts of r-aminobutyric acid, 3-5 parts of calcium L-aspartate, 12-18 parts of potassium chloride, 3-5 parts of erythritol and 200-300 parts of water; adding selenium-rich foliar fertilizer
Diluting with water by 500-600 times and spraying, wherein the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer is applied to each mu
The application amount of (A) is 100-120 ml;
spraying selenium-rich foliar fertilizer in flowering period and seed setting initial period
Each time is 1 time, the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer
The paint comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 4-6 parts of sodium selenite, 12-15 parts of chitosan, 8-12 parts of citric acid, 12-15 parts of urea, 1-3 parts of sodium naphthalene acetate, 3-5 parts of erythritol and 250-350 parts of water; adding selenium-rich foliar fertilizer
Diluting with water by 500-600 times and spraying, wherein the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer is applied to each mu
The application amount of (A) is 100-120 ml;
(5) and (6) harvesting.
2. The method for planting the selenium-rich rape as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the base fertilizer applied to each mu is 550-600 kg of decomposed farmyard manure, 40-45 kg of calcium superphosphate and 1-2 kg of borax; in the step (4), 12-15 kg of urea and 5-8 kg of monopotassium phosphate are applied to each mu of land.
3. The selenium-rich rape planting method of claim 1, wherein the mixed solution of carbendazim and potassium indolebutyrate comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.05-0.07% of carbendazim, 0.01-0.03% of potassium indolebutyrate and the balance of water.
4. The selenium-rich oilseed rape planting method of claim 1, wherein the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer is
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
A1. mixing citric acid and 100 parts of water to prepare a citric acid solution, adding chitosan into the citric acid solution, and stirring for 2-4 hours at 50-70 ℃ to obtain a solution A;
A2. mixing sodium selenite with 20 parts of water to prepare a sodium selenite solution, adding the sodium selenite solution into the solution A obtained in the step A1, and shaking to obtain a solution B;
A3. mixing gamma-aminobutyric acid, calcium L-aspartate, potassium chloride, erythritol and residual water to obtain a solution C, adding the solution C into the solution B, and uniformly mixing to obtain the selenium-enriched foliar fertilizer
。
5. The selenium-rich oilseed rape planting method of claim 1, wherein the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer is
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
B1. mixing citric acid and 150 parts of water to prepare a citric acid solution, adding chitosan into the citric acid solution, and stirring for 2-4 hours at 50-70 ℃ to obtain a solution A;
B2. mixing sodium selenite with 20 parts of water to prepare a sodium selenite solution, adding the sodium selenite solution into the solution A obtained in the step B1, and oscillating to obtain a solution B;
B3. mixing urea, sodium naphthalene acetate, erythritol and residual water to obtain a solution C, adding the solution C into the solution B, and uniformly mixing to obtain the selenium-rich foliar fertilizer
。
6. The selenium-rich rape planting method of claim 4 or 5, wherein the oscillation process parameters are as follows: the oscillation speed is 100-120 r/min, the temperature is 40-50 ℃, and the time is 20-30 min.
7. The planting method of the selenium-rich rape as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the amount of the sown rape seeds is 250-300 g/mu.
8. The method for planting the selenium-rich rape as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seedlings are homogenized and fixed at a density of 1.5-2 x 10 when 3-4 leaves of the rape seedlings are planted4Plants per mu.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114315461A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-12 | 江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所 | Selenium-rich foliar fertilizer, preparation method and application thereof, and planting method of selenium-rich asparagus |
| CN114982418A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-09-02 | 海南锦色春蕾农业科技有限公司 | Method for promoting rapid germination of cabbage type rape seeds |
| CN115448767A (en) * | 2022-10-08 | 2022-12-09 | 贵州省化工研究院 | Humic acid selenium-rich fertilizer for rape planting in low-selenium areas and preparation method and application thereof |
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2021
- 2021-09-17 CN CN202111093520.8A patent/CN113678699A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114315461A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-12 | 江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所 | Selenium-rich foliar fertilizer, preparation method and application thereof, and planting method of selenium-rich asparagus |
| CN114982418A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-09-02 | 海南锦色春蕾农业科技有限公司 | Method for promoting rapid germination of cabbage type rape seeds |
| CN114982418B (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2024-06-04 | 海南锦色春蕾农业科技有限公司 | Method for promoting rapid germination of brassica napus seeds |
| CN115448767A (en) * | 2022-10-08 | 2022-12-09 | 贵州省化工研究院 | Humic acid selenium-rich fertilizer for rape planting in low-selenium areas and preparation method and application thereof |
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