CN113651384A - Multistage injection flash evaporation seawater desalination system of coupling adsorption equipment - Google Patents
Multistage injection flash evaporation seawater desalination system of coupling adsorption equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN113651384A CN113651384A CN202110953036.1A CN202110953036A CN113651384A CN 113651384 A CN113651384 A CN 113651384A CN 202110953036 A CN202110953036 A CN 202110953036A CN 113651384 A CN113651384 A CN 113651384A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
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- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multistage injection flash evaporation seawater desalination system of a coupling adsorption device, which comprises: the preheated seawater and cooling water are respectively sprayed into a flash chamber and a condensation chamber through nozzles to be subjected to flash evaporation, fluid is sprayed out through the nozzles and is crushed into liquid drops, the size of the liquid drops is micron scale, the specific surface area is effectively increased, the heat exchange is obviously enhanced, meanwhile, the adsorption and desorption effects of an adsorption bed are utilized, the lowest seawater outlet temperature is reduced to be lower than the environment temperature, more stages can be inserted, the production rate is improved, and the system performance is obviously improved; and a direct contact heat exchange mode is adopted, so that the probability of scaling corrosion is reduced to a great extent, and the production cost is saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seawater desalination, in particular to a multistage injection flash evaporation seawater desalination system of a coupling adsorption device.
Background
With the increasing situation of artificial carbon emission and global warming, the traditional thermodynamic process for desalinating seawater by using low-grade heat energy becomes a subject of attention at present. The jet flash technology has attracted the extensive attention of domestic experts and scholars due to the characteristics of low energy consumption, good separation effect and high cooling capacity. At present, a plurality of single-stage spray flash is researched, but the direct adoption of the single-stage spray flash has the problems of low efficiency, energy consumption waste, high single-stage cost and the like; meanwhile, the efficiency and the performance of the spray flash seawater desalination system are influenced to a certain extent due to the limitation that the top salt water temperature cannot exceed 90 ℃ and the lowest seawater temperature.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a multi-stage injection flash evaporation seawater desalination system of a coupling adsorption device aiming at the problems in the prior art, which utilizes the adsorption and desorption effects of an adsorption bed to reduce the lowest seawater outlet temperature to be lower than the environmental temperature, and is beneficial to inserting more stages, thereby improving the productivity, obviously improving the system performance and simultaneously reducing the scale corrosion probability.
The technical scheme adopted for realizing the invention is as follows: a multi-stage injection flash evaporation seawater desalination system coupled with an adsorption device comprises: one-level flash distillation system, second grade flash distillation system, characterized by, it still includes: heat exchange system, last flash distillation system, vacuum pump 14, last flash distillation system include: the system comprises a final-stage flash chamber 4, a hot water tank 5, a first adsorption bed 8, a second adsorption bed 9, a final-stage condensation chamber 12, a fourth water feed pump 13, a cooling water tank 15, a first water feed pump 16 and a fifth water feed pump 19, wherein the first adsorption bed 8 and the second adsorption bed 9 are arranged in parallel, and the final-stage flash chamber 4, the first adsorption bed 8, the second adsorption bed 9, the final-stage condensation chamber 12 and the fourth water feed pump 13 are sequentially connected to form a loop; the hot water tank 5, the first water feeding pump 16, the first adsorption bed 8 and the second adsorption bed 9 are sequentially connected to form a loop; the cooling water tank 15, the fifth water feeding pump 19, the first adsorption bed 8 and the second adsorption bed 9 are sequentially connected to form a loop; the heat exchange system, the primary flash system, the secondary flash system, the final flash system and the vacuum pump 14 are connected in sequence to form a loop.
Further, the heat exchange system comprises: the water heater comprises a heat exchanger 1, a hot water tank 5 and a first water feed pump 16, wherein a hot water pipeline is arranged in the heat exchanger 1, the hot water pipeline in the heat exchanger 1 is communicated with the hot water tank 5 to form a loop, and the first water feed pump 16 is arranged on a pipeline between the heat exchanger 1 and the hot water tank 5.
Further, the first-stage flash system comprises: one-level flash chamber 2, one-level defroster 6, one-level condensation chamber 10, second water-feeding pump 17, one-level flash chamber 2 pass through the tube coupling with one-level condensation chamber 10 and constitute the return circuit one-level flash chamber 2 and one-level condensation chamber 10 in between the pipeline be equipped with one-level defroster 6 one-level condensation chamber 10 bottom set up the pipeline, with one-level condensation chamber 10 inside communicate with each other one-level condensation chamber 10 lower part set up second water-feeding pump 17 on the pipeline.
Further, the second stage flash system comprises: the secondary flash evaporation chamber 3 and the secondary condensation chamber 11 are connected through a pipeline to form a loop, the secondary demister 7 is arranged in a pipeline between the secondary flash evaporation chamber 3 and the secondary condensation chamber 11, a pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the secondary condensation chamber 11 and communicated with the inside of the secondary condensation chamber 11, and the third water feed pump 18 is arranged on the pipeline at the lower part of the secondary condensation chamber 11.
Further, the first adsorption bed 8 includes: a first adsorption bed shell, a first valve 8.1, a second valve 8.2, a third valve 8.3, a fourth valve 8.4, a fifth valve 8.5, a sixth valve 8.6 and an adsorbent 8.7, wherein a closed first adsorption bed chamber is arranged in the first adsorption bed shell, a pipeline is arranged in the first adsorption bed chamber and penetrates through the first adsorption bed chamber, three-way pipelines are respectively connected on the pipelines which penetrate through the two outer sides of the first adsorption bed chamber, a third valve 8.3 and a fifth valve 8.5 are respectively arranged on the two inlet pipelines of the three-way pipeline at the left side of the first adsorption bed 8, a fourth valve 8.4 and a sixth valve 8.6 are respectively arranged on the two outlet pipelines at the right side of the first adsorption bed 8, pipelines are respectively arranged at the two sides of the first adsorption bed shell and are communicated with the first adsorption bed chamber, the first valve 8.1 is arranged on the pipeline at the left side of the first adsorption bed shell, a second valve 8.2 is arranged on the pipeline at the right side of the first adsorption bed shell, and an adsorbent 8.7 is arranged on the pipeline inside the first adsorption bed chamber; the second adsorption bed 9 includes: a seventh valve 9.1, an eighth valve 9.2, a ninth valve 9.3, a tenth valve 9.4, an eleventh valve 9.5, a twelfth valve 9.6 and an adsorbent 9.7, wherein a closed second adsorption bed chamber is arranged in the second adsorption bed housing, a pipeline is arranged in the second adsorption bed chamber and penetrates through the second adsorption bed chamber, three-way pipelines are respectively connected on the pipelines which penetrate through the two outer sides of the second adsorption bed chamber, a ninth valve 9.3 and an eleventh valve 9.5 are respectively arranged on the two inlet pipelines of the three-way pipeline at the left side of the second adsorption bed 9, a tenth valve 9.4 and a twelfth valve 9.6 are respectively arranged on the two outlet pipelines at the right side of the second adsorption bed 9, pipelines are respectively arranged at the two sides of the second adsorption bed housing and are communicated with the second adsorption bed chamber, a seventh valve 9.1 is arranged on the pipeline at the left side of the second adsorption bed housing, and an eighth valve 9.2 is arranged on the pipeline at the right side of the first adsorption bed housing, and an adsorbent 9.7 is arranged on the pipeline inside the second adsorption bed chamber.
Further, the adsorbent 8.7 and the adsorbent 9.7 are silica gel.
The multistage jet flash evaporation seawater desalination system of the coupling adsorption device has the beneficial effects that:
1. a multi-stage injection flash evaporation seawater desalination system of a coupling adsorption device adopts a heat exchange system, preheated seawater and cooling water are respectively injected into a flash evaporation chamber and a condensation chamber through nozzles to carry out flash evaporation, fluid is sprayed out through the nozzles to be crushed into liquid drops, the size of the liquid drops is micron scale, the specific surface area is effectively increased, and the heat exchange is obviously enhanced;
2. a multi-stage injection flash evaporation seawater desalination system flash evaporation chamber and a condensation chamber of a coupling adsorption device do not use the traditional metal surface for heat transfer, but adopt a direct contact heat exchange mode, thereby greatly reducing corrosion and scaling; meanwhile, a plurality of heat exchangers are not required, so that the equipment requirement is reduced, and the production cost is reduced;
3. the final-stage steam of the multi-stage injection flash evaporation seawater desalination system of the coupling adsorption device is directly adsorbed by the adsorbent, and the lowest outlet temperature of brine is changed under the adsorption action of the adsorbent, so that the temperature of the final-stage steam is reduced to be lower than the ambient temperature, the temperature range of the multi-stage injection flash evaporation is enlarged, more stages can be inserted between a flash evaporation chamber and an adsorption bed, and the overall production and performance efficiency of the system are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-stage injection flash evaporation seawater desalination system of a coupling adsorption device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the members 8 and 9 of FIG. 1;
in the figure: 1. the system comprises a heat exchanger, 2, a first-stage flash chamber, 3, a second-stage flash chamber, 4, a last-stage flash chamber, 5, a hot water tank, 6, a first-stage demister, 7, a second-stage demister, 8, a first adsorption bed, 8.1, a first valve, 8.2, a second valve, 8.3, a third valve, 8.4, a fourth valve, 8.5, a fifth valve, 8.6, a sixth valve, 8.7, an adsorbent, 9, a second adsorption bed, 9.1, a seventh valve, 9.2, an eighth valve, 9.3, a ninth valve, 9.4, a tenth valve, 9.5, an eleventh valve, 9.6, a twelfth valve, 9.7, an adsorbent, 10, a first-stage condensation chamber, 11, a second-stage condensation chamber, 12, a last-stage condensation chamber, 13, a fourth water feed pump, 14, 15, a cooling water tank, 16, a first water feed pump, 17, a second water feed pump, 18, a third water feed pump, 19, a fifth water feed pump.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and specific embodiments, which are described herein for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2, the first adsorption bed 8 includes: a first adsorption bed shell, a first valve 8.1, a second valve 8.2, a third valve 8.3, a fourth valve 8.4, a fifth valve 8.5, a sixth valve 8.6 and an adsorbent 8.7, wherein a closed first adsorption bed chamber is arranged in the first adsorption bed shell, a pipeline is arranged in the first adsorption bed chamber and penetrates through the first adsorption bed chamber, three-way pipelines are respectively connected on the pipelines which penetrate through the two outer sides of the first adsorption bed chamber, a third valve 8.3 and a fifth valve 8.5 are respectively arranged on the two inlet pipelines of the three-way pipeline at the left side of the first adsorption bed 8, a fourth valve 8.4 and a sixth valve 8.6 are respectively arranged on the two outlet pipelines at the right side of the first adsorption bed 8, pipelines are respectively arranged at the two sides of the first adsorption bed shell and are communicated with the first adsorption bed chamber, the first valve 8.1 is arranged on the pipeline at the left side of the first adsorption bed shell, a second valve 8.2 is arranged on the pipeline at the right side of the first adsorption bed shell, and an adsorbent 8.7 is arranged on the pipeline inside the first adsorption bed chamber; the second adsorption bed 9 includes: a seventh valve 9.1, an eighth valve 9.2, a ninth valve 9.3, a tenth valve 9.4, an eleventh valve 9.5, a twelfth valve 9.6 and an adsorbent 9.7, wherein a closed second adsorption bed chamber is arranged in the second adsorption bed housing, a pipeline is arranged in the second adsorption bed chamber and penetrates through the second adsorption bed chamber, three-way pipelines are respectively connected on the pipelines which penetrate through the two outer sides of the second adsorption bed chamber, a ninth valve 9.3 and an eleventh valve 9.5 are respectively arranged on the two inlet pipelines of the three-way pipeline at the left side of the second adsorption bed 9, a tenth valve 9.4 and a twelfth valve 9.6 are respectively arranged on the two outlet pipelines at the right side of the second adsorption bed 9, pipelines are respectively arranged at the two sides of the second adsorption bed housing and are communicated with the second adsorption bed chamber, a seventh valve 9.1 is arranged on the pipeline at the left side of the second adsorption bed housing, and an eighth valve 9.2 is arranged on the pipeline at the right side of the first adsorption bed housing, and an adsorbent 9.7 is arranged on the pipeline inside the second adsorption bed chamber.
The working process of the first adsorption bed 8 and the second adsorption bed 9 is as follows:
when the steam pressure in the last stage flash chamber 4 is greater than the steam pressure of the first adsorption bed 8, the first valve 8.1 is opened, the seventh valve 9.1 is closed, the steam enters the first adsorption bed and is adsorbed by the adsorbent 8.7, the third valve 8.3, the fourth valve 8.4 are opened, the fifth valve 8.5 and the sixth valve 8.6 are closed, the cooling water in the cooling water tank 15 flows through the first adsorption bed 8 to carry away the adsorption heat generated by the adsorption of the adsorbent 8.7 on the steam, after the adsorption is saturated, the first valve 8.1, the third valve 8.3, the fourth valve 8.4 are closed, the seventh valve 9.1, the fifth valve 8.5 and the sixth valve 8.6 are opened, the hot water in the hot water tank 5 flows through the first adsorption bed 8 to be heated, the steam in the adsorbent is desorbed, the second valve 8.2 is opened, the eighth valve 9.2 is closed, the steam flows out under the action of the vacuum pump 14, after the first adsorption bed 8 is cooled, the first valve 8.1 is opened, the steam enters the first adsorption bed 8 again, the above adsorption/desorption process was repeated. The two beds are respectively cooled and heated alternately, so that the process of the second adsorption bed 9 is opposite to that of the first adsorption bed 8, and meanwhile, the adsorption and desorption processes of the whole system are continuously carried out by controlling the first valve 8.1, the second valve 8.2, the seventh valve 9.1 and the eighth valve 9.2.
As shown in the attached figure 1, a multi-stage injection flash evaporation seawater desalination system coupled with an adsorption device comprises: one-level flash system, second grade flash system, heat transfer system, last stage flash system, vacuum pump 14, heat transfer system include: the water heater comprises a heat exchanger 1, a hot water tank 5 and a first water feed pump 16, wherein a hot water pipeline is arranged in the heat exchanger 1, the hot water pipeline in the heat exchanger 1 is communicated with the hot water tank 5 to form a loop, and the first water feed pump 16 is arranged on a pipeline between the heat exchanger 1 and the hot water tank 5. The first-stage flash system comprises: one-level flash chamber 2, one-level defroster 6, one-level condensation chamber 10, second water-feeding pump 17, one-level flash chamber 2 pass through the tube coupling with one-level condensation chamber 10 and constitute the return circuit one-level flash chamber 2 and one-level condensation chamber 10 in between the pipeline be equipped with one-level defroster 6 one-level condensation chamber 10 bottom set up the pipeline, with one-level condensation chamber 10 inside communicate with each other one-level condensation chamber 10 lower part set up second water-feeding pump 17 on the pipeline. The secondary flash system comprises: the secondary flash evaporation chamber 3 and the secondary condensation chamber 11 are connected through a pipeline to form a loop, the secondary demister 7 is arranged in a pipeline between the secondary flash evaporation chamber 3 and the secondary condensation chamber 11, a pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the secondary condensation chamber 11 and communicated with the inside of the secondary condensation chamber 11, and the third water feed pump 18 is arranged on the pipeline at the lower part of the secondary condensation chamber 11. The last stage flash system comprises: the final-stage flash evaporation chamber 4, the hot water tank 5, the first adsorption bed 8, the second adsorption bed 9, the final-stage condensation chamber 12, the fourth feed water pump 13, the cooling water tank 15, the first feed water pump 16 and the fifth feed water pump 19, wherein the first adsorption bed 8 comprises: a first adsorption bed shell, a first valve 8.1, a second valve 8.2, a third valve 8.3, a fourth valve 8.4, a fifth valve 8.5, a sixth valve 8.6 and an adsorbent 8.7, wherein a closed first adsorption bed chamber is arranged in the first adsorption bed shell, a pipeline is arranged in the first adsorption bed chamber and penetrates through the first adsorption bed chamber, three-way pipelines are respectively connected on the pipelines which penetrate through the two outer sides of the first adsorption bed chamber, a third valve 8.3 and a fifth valve 8.5 are respectively arranged on the two inlet pipelines of the three-way pipeline at the left side of the first adsorption bed 8, a fourth valve 8.4 and a sixth valve 8.6 are respectively arranged on the two outlet pipelines at the right side of the first adsorption bed 8, pipelines are respectively arranged at the two sides of the first adsorption bed shell and are communicated with the first adsorption bed chamber, the first valve 8.1 is arranged on the pipeline at the left side of the first adsorption bed shell, a second valve 8.2 is arranged on the pipeline at the right side of the first adsorption bed shell, and an adsorbent 8.7 is arranged on the pipeline inside the first adsorption bed chamber; the second adsorption bed 9 includes: a seventh valve 9.1, an eighth valve 9.2, a ninth valve 9.3, a tenth valve 9.4, an eleventh valve 9.5, a twelfth valve 9.6 and an adsorbent 9.7, wherein a closed second adsorption bed chamber is arranged in the second adsorption bed housing, a pipeline is arranged in the second adsorption bed chamber and penetrates through the second adsorption bed chamber, three-way pipelines are respectively connected on the pipelines which penetrate through the two outer sides of the second adsorption bed chamber, a ninth valve 9.3 and an eleventh valve 9.5 are respectively arranged on the two inlet pipelines of the three-way pipeline at the left side of the second adsorption bed 9, a tenth valve 9.4 and a twelfth valve 9.6 are respectively arranged on the two outlet pipelines at the right side of the second adsorption bed 9, pipelines are respectively arranged at the two sides of the second adsorption bed housing and are communicated with the second adsorption bed chamber, a seventh valve 9.1 is arranged on the pipeline at the left side of the second adsorption bed housing, and an eighth valve 9.2 is arranged on the pipeline at the right side of the first adsorption bed housing, and an adsorbent 9.7 is arranged on the pipeline inside the second adsorption bed chamber. The first adsorption bed 8 and the second adsorption bed 9 are arranged in parallel, and the final stage flash evaporation chamber 4, the first adsorption bed 8, the second adsorption bed 9, the final stage condensation chamber 12 and the fourth feed water pump 13 are sequentially connected to form a loop; the hot water tank 5, the first water feeding pump 16, the first adsorption bed 8 and the second adsorption bed 9 are sequentially connected to form a loop; the cooling water tank 15, the fifth water feeding pump 19, the first adsorption bed 8 and the second adsorption bed 9 are sequentially connected to form a loop; the heat exchange system, the primary flash system, the secondary flash system and the final flash system are sequentially connected to form a loop, the vacuum pump 14 is communicated with the primary condensation chamber 10, the secondary condensation chamber 11 and the final condensation chamber 12 to form a loop,
a working process of a multistage injection flash evaporation seawater desalination system of a coupling adsorption device comprises the following steps:
the temperature value of the seawater flowing into the heat exchanger 1 is close to the top salt water temperature through heating, the heat exchanger 1 is connected with a first-stage flash chamber 2 through a pipeline, the preheated seawater solution is sprayed into the first-stage flash chamber 2 through a nozzle in the first-stage flash chamber 2 to be flashed, the generated steam flows into a first-stage condensation chamber 10 through a first-stage demister 6 under the action of a vacuum pump 14, the unvaporized seawater flows into a second-stage flash chamber 3 along a pipeline connected with the first-stage flash chamber 2 and the second-stage flash chamber 3 to be flashed under different pressure gradients, the flashing is repeated until the seawater reaches the last-stage flash chamber 4, the vacuum degree of the last-stage flash chamber 4 is controlled, the flash vaporization is carried out at the temperature lower than the ambient temperature, the residual concentrated seawater is discharged out of the last-stage flash chamber 4, the last-stage flash chamber 4 is connected with a first adsorption bed 8 and a second adsorption bed 9 through a pipeline, and the generated steam is discharged from a first valve 8.1 and a second valve 8.2, The steam enters the first adsorption bed 8 and the second adsorption bed 9 alternately under the control of a seventh valve 9.1 and an eighth valve 9.2, the adsorption and desorption process occurs in the beds, a cold source required by the adsorption and desorption is provided by a cooling water tank 15, a hot water tank 5 provides a heat source, the desorbed steam enters a final stage condensation chamber 12 through a pipeline connecting the first adsorption bed 8 and the second adsorption bed 9 with the final stage condensation chamber 12, cooling water in the cooling water tank 15 is injected from a nozzle in the final stage condensation chamber 12, the steam alternately flowing from the first adsorption bed 8 and the second adsorption bed 9 is cooled and liquefied, the cooling water mixed with distilled water reaches the bottom of the final stage condensation chamber 12, the cooling water is injected into the previous stage condensation chamber under the action of a feed water pump, the direct contact condensation process is repeated, and finally the cooling water mixed with the distilled water flows out from the first stage condensation chamber 10.
Example 1:
under the environment of 20 ℃, selecting seawater with initial temperature of 30 ℃ and concentration of 0.035kg/kg to flow into a heat exchanger for preheating, heating the seawater to 70 ℃, entering a first-stage flash chamber at the flow rate of 10kg/s, and selecting cooling water with the temperature of 30 ℃ to flow into a final-stage condensation chamber at the flow rate of 9.5 kg/s. In the adsorption beds, silica gel is selected as an adsorbent, wherein the maximum adsorption capacity is 0.45kg/kg, the flow rate of cold and heat source fluid flowing through the adsorption beds is 1.52kg/s, the mass of the adsorbent in each adsorption bed is 100kg, the patent adopts programmed calculation to solve, and the main calculation formula is as follows:
from the energy conservation perspective, the temperature change after the droplets in the flash chamber and the condensation chamber reach a thermal equilibrium state:
the fluid temperature at the inlet of the first stage flash chamber is the top salt water temperature, and the fluid temperature at the inlet of the final stage condensation chamber is the input cooling water temperature. Neglecting heat losses due to evaporation and changes in feed flow, instantaneous production rates are obtained from the energy balance of the flash chamber and the condensation chamber:
the transient absorption of water vapor by silica gel in an adsorption bed at a particular temperature and pressure is given by the kinetic equation:
the energy required by the adsorption and desorption of the water vapor in the silica gel is calculated by the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the cold source and the heat source as follows:
the adsorption/desorption bed energy balance equation is:
the steam temperature at the outlet of the last stage flash chamber is 10 ℃, the steam temperature at the inlet of the last stage condensing chamber is 26 ℃ according to the calculation result of the system operation, and the table 1 shows the comparison values of the total productivity, the performance ratio and the water making ratio of the system performance indexes under the condition that the system is provided with or not provided with an adsorption bed, wherein the total productivity is the sum of the production efficiency of each stage flash chamber; the Performance Ratio (PR) is defined as the ratio of the production rate to the heating steam flow; the water make ratio (GOR) is defined as the ratio of the energy required to vaporize the distillate to the actual heat input to the system. As can be seen from the table, the total productivity of the system is improved by 50% after the adsorption bed is arranged, the performance ratio is improved by 50%, the water making ratio is improved by 33.5%, and the performance efficiency of the system is improved as a whole, so that the effect of the invention is beneficial.
TABLE 1
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A multi-stage injection flash evaporation seawater desalination system coupled with an adsorption device comprises: one-level flash distillation system, second grade flash distillation system, characterized by, it still includes: heat exchange system, last flash system, vacuum pump (14), last flash system include: the system comprises a final-stage flash chamber (4), a hot water tank (5), a first adsorption bed (8), a second adsorption bed (9), a final-stage condensation chamber (12), a fourth water feed pump (13), a cooling water tank (15), a first water feed pump (16) and a fifth water feed pump (19), wherein the first adsorption bed (8) and the second adsorption bed (9) are arranged in parallel, and the final-stage flash chamber (4), the first adsorption bed (8), the second adsorption bed (9), the final-stage condensation chamber (12) and the fourth water feed pump (13) are sequentially connected to form a loop; the hot water tank (5), the first water feeding pump (16), the first adsorption bed (8) and the second adsorption bed (9) are sequentially connected to form a loop; the cooling water tank (15), the fifth water feeding pump (19), the first adsorption bed (8) and the second adsorption bed (9) are sequentially connected to form a loop; the heat exchange system, the primary flash system, the secondary flash system, the final flash system and the vacuum pump (14) are sequentially connected to form a loop.
2. The multi-stage injection flash evaporation seawater desalination system of the coupling adsorption device of claim 1, wherein the heat exchange system comprises: the water heater comprises a heat exchanger (1), a hot water tank (5) and a first water feeding pump (16), wherein a hot water pipeline is arranged in the heat exchanger (1), the hot water pipeline in the heat exchanger (1) is communicated with the hot water tank (5) to form a loop, and the first water feeding pump (16) is arranged on a pipeline between the heat exchanger (1) and the hot water tank (5).
3. The multi-stage injection flash evaporation seawater desalination system of the coupling adsorption device of claim 1, wherein the first-stage flash evaporation system comprises: one-level flash chamber (2), one-level defroster (6), one-level condensation chamber (10), second water-feeding pump (17), one-level flash chamber (2) constitute the return circuit through the tube coupling with one-level condensation chamber (10) one-level flash chamber (2) and one-level condensation chamber (10) in the pipeline between be equipped with one-level defroster (6) one-level condensation chamber (10) bottom set up the pipeline, communicate with each other with one-level condensation chamber (10) inside one-level condensation chamber (10) the pipeline of one-level condensation chamber (10) lower part on set up second water-feeding pump (17).
4. The multi-stage injection flash evaporation seawater desalination system of a coupled adsorption device according to claim 1, wherein the two-stage flash evaporation system comprises: second grade flash chamber (3), second grade defroster (7), second grade condensation chamber (11), third water-feeding pump (18), second grade flash chamber (3) pass through the tube coupling with second grade condensation chamber (11) and constitute the return circuit second grade flash chamber (3) and second grade condensation chamber (11) in the pipeline between be equipped with second grade defroster (7) second grade condensation chamber (11) bottom set up the pipeline, communicate with each other with second grade condensation chamber (11) is inside secondary condensation chamber (11) lower part on set up third water-feeding pump (18).
5. A multistage jet flash desalination system of a coupled adsorption unit according to claim 1, claim 2, claim 3 or claim 4, characterized in that said first adsorption bed (8) comprises: a first adsorption bed shell, a first valve (8.1), a second valve (8.2), a third valve (8.3), a fourth valve (8.4), a fifth valve (8.5), a sixth valve (8.6) and an adsorbent (8.7), wherein a closed first adsorption bed chamber is arranged in the first adsorption bed shell, a pipeline is arranged in the first adsorption bed chamber and penetrates through the first adsorption bed chamber, three-way pipelines are respectively connected on the two outer side pipelines penetrating through the first adsorption bed chamber, the third valve (8.3) and the fifth valve (8.5) are respectively arranged on the two inlet pipelines of the left three-way pipeline of the first adsorption bed (8), the fourth valve (8.4) and the sixth valve (8.6) are respectively arranged on the two outlet pipelines of the right three-way pipeline of the first adsorption bed (8), pipelines are respectively arranged on the two sides of the first adsorption bed shell and are communicated with the first adsorption bed chamber, a first valve (8.1) is arranged on the left side pipeline of the first adsorption bed shell, a second valve (8.2) is arranged on the right side pipeline of the first adsorption bed shell, and an adsorbent (8.7) is arranged on the indoor pipeline of the first adsorption bed; the second adsorption bed (9) comprises: a seventh valve (9.1), an eighth valve (9.2), a ninth valve (9.3), a tenth valve (9.4), an eleventh valve (9.5), a twelfth valve (9.6) and an adsorbent (9.7), wherein a closed second adsorption bed chamber is arranged in the second adsorption bed housing, a pipeline is arranged in the second adsorption bed chamber and penetrates through the second adsorption bed chamber, the pipelines penetrating through the two outer sides of the second adsorption bed chamber are respectively connected with a three-way pipeline, the ninth valve (9.3) and the eleventh valve (9.5) are respectively arranged on the two inlet pipelines of the three-way pipeline at the left side of the second adsorption bed (9), the tenth valve (9.4) and the twelfth valve (9.6) are respectively arranged on the two outlet pipelines of the three-way pipeline at the right side of the second adsorption bed (9), the pipelines are respectively arranged at the two sides of the second adsorption bed housing and are communicated with the second adsorption bed chamber, and the seventh valve (9.1.1) is arranged on the pipeline at the left side of the second adsorption bed housing, an eighth valve (9.2) is arranged on the pipeline at the right side of the first adsorption bed shell, and an adsorbent (9.7) is arranged on the pipeline inside the second adsorption bed chamber.
6. The multi-stage injection flash evaporation seawater desalination system of a coupled adsorption device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the adsorbent (8.7) and the adsorbent (9.7) are silica gel.
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