CN113640858A - Portable calibration device for calibration of tritium monitor - Google Patents
Portable calibration device for calibration of tritium monitor Download PDFInfo
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- CN113640858A CN113640858A CN202110757488.2A CN202110757488A CN113640858A CN 113640858 A CN113640858 A CN 113640858A CN 202110757488 A CN202110757488 A CN 202110757488A CN 113640858 A CN113640858 A CN 113640858A
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- tritium
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- containing air
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- 229910052722 tritium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-NJFSPNSNSA-N Tritium Chemical compound [3H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000003446 memory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004164 analytical calibration Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004992 fission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003758 nuclear fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T7/00—Details of radiation-measuring instruments
- G01T7/005—Details of radiation-measuring instruments calibration techniques
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a portable calibration device for calibrating a tritium monitor, belonging to the technical field of instrument calibration, and comprising a standard tritium-containing air tank, wherein the standard tritium-containing air tank is filled with standard tritium-containing air with known activity and concentration, a pressure reducing valve is arranged on an outlet pipeline of the standard tritium-containing air tank, the rear end of the pressure reducing valve is divided into two air circuits, a reference ionization chamber and a tritium monitor to be calibrated are sequentially and serially arranged on a first air circuit, and the standard tritium-containing air is discharged into a calibration loop and fully and uniformly mixed with air in the calibration loop to obtain tritium-containing air with required concentration. According to the invention, through investigation of influence factors such as environmental conditions, memory effect, gamma response and the like, the calibration problem of the field tritium monitor is solved, the transfer capability of the gaseous tritium activity value is formed, and the accuracy and reliability of the gaseous tritium monitoring value of the tritium workplace are ensured; and can wholly integrate in the handcart and conveniently remove, make tritium monitor operation of on-the-spot calibration more accurate, it is more convenient to use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of instrument calibration, and particularly relates to a portable calibration device for calibrating a tritium monitor.
Background
Tritium is the only radioisotope of hydrogen, an artificially synthesized substance with very weak radioactivity, a pure beta emitter with a maximum decay energy of 18.6keV, and a half-life of 12.35 a. Tritium radiation protection is more challenging due to its higher diffusivity in various materials. In addition, during operation of nuclear power reactors (excluding dedicated reactors that produce tritium), activation reactions in the coolant and in the associated materials of construction can produce quantities of undesirable tritium due to fission-fission of the nuclear fuel element fission nuclei and fission neutrons in the control rods. For safe production, the workplace tritium levels of tritium workers must be limited. And the level of tritium must be measured over time in order to estimate the dose received during the work period. Similar to general effluent monitoring or dosage monitoring equipment, most tritium monitors installed in some nuclear facilities (such as research reactors, experimental fast reactors and the like) are fixed meters, probes, cables and measuring hosts of the meters are usually inconvenient to disassemble and assemble, damage is easily caused in disassembly, assembly and transportation, the inspection period is long, the continuity of monitoring system data is influenced, the difficulties hinder the on-time verification of the fixed radiation meters, and therefore, service units of the fixed meters put forward strong demands on field calibration work.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a portable calibration device for calibrating a tritium monitor, which solves the calibration problem of the field tritium monitor by investigating influence factors such as environmental conditions, memory effect, gamma response and the like, forms the transfer capability of a gaseous tritium activity value and ensures the accuracy and reliability of the gaseous tritium monitoring value of a tritium workplace; and can wholly integrate in the handcart and conveniently remove, make tritium monitor operation of on-the-spot calibration more accurate, it is more convenient to use.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the invention adopts a technical scheme that:
a portable calibration device for calibrating a tritium monitor comprises a standard tritium-containing air tank, wherein standard tritium-containing air with known activity concentration is filled in the standard tritium-containing air tank, a pressure reducing valve is arranged on an outlet pipeline of the standard tritium-containing air tank, the rear end of the pressure reducing valve is divided into two air circuits, a reference ionization chamber and the tritium monitor to be calibrated are sequentially and serially arranged on the first air circuit, and the standard tritium-containing air is discharged into a calibration loop and fully and uniformly mixed with air in the calibration loop to obtain tritium-containing air with required concentration;
and a buffer bottle is arranged on the second gas circuit and used for accelerating the mixing of the standard tritium-containing air and the air in the calibration loop.
Further, according to the portable calibration device for calibrating the tritium monitor, the pressure of the gas uniformly mixed in the calibration loop is slightly higher than the external atmospheric pressure.
Further, as above-mentioned portable calibrating device for tritium monitor calibration, treat that tritium monitor self has the circulating pump, utilize the circulating pump accelerates the circulation of mist in the calibration loop.
Further, as above portable calibrating device for tritium monitor calibration, still be provided with detachable thermometer and manometer on the second gas circuit for pressure and the temperature of the mist in the monitoring calibration return circuit.
Further, as described above, the portable calibration device for calibration of the tritium monitor determines the calibration coefficient of the tritium monitor to be calibrated based on the correction coefficient of the reference ionization chamber.
Further, as mentioned above, the portable calibration device for calibration of a tritium monitor, the influence factors considered by the correction coefficient of the reference ionization chamber include air humidity, tritium memory effect, gamma response directivity, and working pressure.
Further, as above, the portable calibration device for calibrating the tritium monitor is arranged on the main gas circuit, the rear end of the pressure reducing valve, the front end of the reference ionization chamber of the first gas circuit and the rear end of the tritium monitor to be calibrated are respectively provided with a valve, and independent control of each road section is realized through the valves.
Further, as above, the portable calibration device for calibrating the tritium monitor is integrally arranged in the portable movable trolley.
Further, as above, the portable calibration device for calibrating the tritium monitor is characterized in that the rear end of the junction of the first gas circuit and the second gas circuit is connected with a vacuum pump, and radioactive gas in the calibration loop is pumped out through the vacuum pump.
Further, as above portable calibrating device for tritium monitor calibration, the tail gas processing system is connected to the vacuum pump rear end, through the tail gas processing system is handled for satisfying the gas that discharges the requirement to the radioactive gas of taking out.
The portable calibration device for calibrating the tritium monitor has the following remarkable technical effects:
1. the mixed gas in the calibration loop is mixed by a circulating pump of the tritium monitor to be calibrated, so that the standard tritium gas is mixed with the air in the loop, the size and the weight of the calibration device are reduced, and the portability of the calibration device is effectively ensured;
2. the calibration loop is integrated on the movable trolley, so that the whole trolley can be conveniently moved;
3. a reference ionization chamber is arranged on the calibration loop, and the calibration coefficient of the tritium monitor to be calibrated can be accurately obtained by taking the reference ionization chamber as correction;
4. the valve control is adopted on the calibration loop, so that the independent control of each road section of the calibration loop is effectively improved;
5. a thermometer and a pressure gauge which are convenient to disassemble are connected to the annular loop, so that experimental conditions can be effectively monitored, and convenience conditions can be provided for tracing of subsequent instruments;
6. the radioactive gas in the annular loop can be quickly recycled to the tail gas treatment system through the vacuum pump, and a good foundation is provided for experiments again.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a portable calibration device for calibrating a tritium monitor, according to an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein, 1-standard tritium-containing air tank; 2-a pressure reducing valve; 3-a buffer bottle; 4-a valve; 5-a thermometer; 6-pressure gauge; 7-tritium monitor to be calibrated; 8-a reference ionization chamber; 9-a vacuum pump; 10-a tail gas treatment system; 11-portable movable trolley.
Detailed Description
The core idea of the invention is as follows: a portable field calibration device of the tritium monitor is established based on the activity value of the tritium gas standard source, research on a calibration method under field conditions is carried out, influences of air humidity, tritium memory effect, gamma response directivity, working pressure and the like on the calibration result are investigated, and an uncertainty evaluation method of the calibration result is researched. During calibration, tritium gas with known concentration activity is discharged into a volume which can be accurately controlled, then the tritium gas is balanced into a closed container where the tritium monitor is located through valve adjustment, and the reading of the tritium monitor is calibrated after sufficient mixing balance.
The invention is further described with reference to specific embodiments and drawings attached to the description.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a portable calibration device for calibrating a tritium monitor provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and as can be seen from the diagram, the device includes a standard tritium-containing air tank 1, standard tritium-containing air with known activity and concentration is filled in the standard tritium-containing air tank 1, a pressure reducing valve 2 is arranged on an outlet pipeline of the standard tritium-containing air tank 1, the rear end of the pressure reducing valve 2 is divided into two gas circuits, a reference ionization chamber 8 and a tritium monitor 7 to be calibrated are sequentially arranged in series on a first gas circuit, and a buffer bottle 3 is arranged on a second gas circuit.
According to the measuring range of the tritium monitor 7 to be measured, tritium-containing air with different concentrations needs to be prepared to calibrate the tritium monitor 7 to be measured. Therefore, the tritium-containing air with a high concentration and a fixed value in the standard tritium-containing air tank 1 needs to be discharged into a calibration loop of the calibration device and mixed with air in the calibration loop to obtain tritium gas in an activity range required by the test.
The difference between the portable calibration device provided by the invention and the laboratory calibration device is as follows: the laboratory calibration device firstly evacuates air in a calibration loop by vacuumizing, then fills a certain amount of tritium gas into the calibration loop, then fills a certain amount of air into the calibration loop, uniformly mixes the tritium gas and the tritium gas, and finally calibrates the tritium monitor under the condition that the pressure of the gas in the calibration loop is equal to the atmospheric pressure. The portable calibration device provided by the invention is portable, and compressed air is inconvenient to provide during field calibration, so that before calibration, the calibration loop is not vacuumized, standard tritium-containing air with known activity and concentration is directly filled into the calibration loop and is uniformly mixed with air in the loop, finally, the tritium monitor is calibrated under the condition that the pressure of the air in the calibration loop is slightly higher than the external atmospheric pressure, and the pressure of the air in the calibration loop is within the pressure range allowed by the normal operation of the tritium monitor.
The tritium monitor 7 to be calibrated is provided with a circulating pump for accelerating the circulation of the mixed gas in the calibration loop. In the calibration loop, if the high concentration standard tritium-containing air is diluted by simply relying on molecular diffusion between gases, the time required is very long, and therefore a circulation pump is required to overcome the pressure drop in the circulation system, so that the mixed gas circulates faster in the calibration loop. Because the calibration loop is smaller, only the circulating pump equipped by the tritium monitor 7 to be calibrated is enough to continuously circulate the mixed gas in the calibration loop, so that the mixing time can be effectively shortened, the total adsorption is reduced, and the circulating pump is not required to be arranged in the calibration loop alone, so that the whole device is more portable.
Buffer bottle 3 is used to accelerate the mixing of the high concentration standard tritium-containing air with the air in the calibration loop. But air and standard contain tritium air mass storage in buffer bottle 3 when flowing through the buffer bottle, compare with calibration return circuit internal diameter, buffer bottle 3 is bulky, provides favorable condition for gas mixture, and the effectual high enriched standard of having accelerated contains the mixing of tritium air and air in the calibration return circuit, has shortened the equilibrium time.
And a thermometer 5 and a pressure gauge 6 which are convenient to disassemble are also arranged on the second gas path and are used for monitoring and researching the pressure and the temperature of the balance gas filled in the calibration loop and reducing the influence of the ionization chamber wall effect. The thermometer 5 and the pressure gauge 6 are arranged, so that the calibration accuracy is guaranteed, the temperature and pressure conditions in the test process are monitored in real time, and the safety problem in the test process is guaranteed.
And connecting the reference ionization chamber 7 and the tritium monitor 8 to be calibrated into a calibration loop in series, and obtaining a calibration coefficient of the tritium monitor 7 to be calibrated. In this embodiment, the reference ionization chamber 8 first obtains the correction coefficient determined by the reference ionization chamber 8 by fully studying the influence factors such as air humidity, tritium memory effect, gamma response directivity, working pressure and the like on a laboratory calibration device. In the portable calibration device, the calibration coefficient of the tritium monitor 7 to be calibrated can be accurately obtained by taking the reference ionization chamber 8 as a correction.
Valves 4 are respectively arranged at the rear end of the pressure reducing valve 2 on the main gas circuit, the front end of the reference ionization chamber 8 on the first gas circuit and the rear end of the tritium monitor 7 to be calibrated, and independent control of each road section is realized through the valves 4.
The whole calibration device is integrated in the portable movable trolley 11, so that the portable movable trolley can be conveniently moved and is very suitable for calibrating field instruments.
The meeting point rear end of first gas circuit and second gas circuit has still set gradually vacuum pump 9 and tail gas processing system 10, after the calibration process, through vacuum pump 9 with the radioactive gas suction in the calibration return circuit tail gas processing system 10 handle, treat and discharge after tritium content satisfies the emission requirement in the tail gas again, guaranteed the evacuation of tail gas in the calibration return circuit like this, for the experiment provides good basis once more, tail gas evacuation time has also been shortened simultaneously, personnel's operation volume has been reduced.
The portable calibration device for calibrating the tritium monitor is used for carrying out field calibration on the ionization chamber type tritium monitor, solving the calibration problem of the field tritium monitor through investigating influence factors such as environmental conditions, memory effect, gamma response and the like, forming the transfer capability of a gaseous tritium activity value, and ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the gaseous tritium monitoring value of a tritium workplace; and can wholly integrate in the handcart and conveniently remove, make tritium monitor operation of on-the-spot calibration more accurate, it is more convenient to use.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention, which may be embodied in other specific forms or in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The described embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the invention should be indicated by the appended claims, and any changes that are equivalent to the intent and scope of the claims should be construed to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The portable calibration device for calibrating the tritium monitor is characterized by comprising a standard tritium-containing air tank (1), wherein standard tritium-containing air with known activity concentration is filled in the standard tritium-containing air tank (1), a pressure reducing valve (2) is arranged on an outlet pipeline of the standard tritium-containing air tank (1), the rear end of the pressure reducing valve (2) is divided into two air circuits, a reference ionization chamber (8) and a tritium monitor (7) to be calibrated are sequentially and serially arranged on a first air circuit, and the standard tritium-containing air is discharged into a calibration loop and fully and uniformly mixed with air in the calibration loop to obtain tritium-containing air with required concentration;
and a buffer bottle (3) is arranged on the second gas circuit and used for accelerating the mixing of the standard tritium-containing air and the air in the calibration loop.
2. A portable calibration device for tritium monitor calibration as recited in claim 1, wherein the pressure of the gas in the calibration loop after uniform mixing is slightly higher than the external atmospheric pressure.
3. A portable calibration device for tritium monitor calibration according to claim 2, characterized in that the tritium monitor (7) to be calibrated has its own circulation pump with which the circulation of the mixed gas in the calibration loop is accelerated.
4. A portable calibration device for tritium monitor calibration as set forth in claim 3, characterized in that a detachable thermometer (5) and pressure gauge (6) are also provided on the second gas path for monitoring the pressure and temperature of the mixed gas in the calibration loop.
5. Portable calibration device for tritium monitor calibration according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that the calibration coefficient of the tritium monitor (7) to be calibrated is determined based on the correction coefficient of the reference ionization chamber (8).
6. A portable calibration device for tritium monitor calibration as set forth in claim 5, characterized in that the correction factors of the reference ionization chamber (8) take into account factors including air humidity, tritium memory effect, gamma response directionality and operating pressure.
7. The portable calibration device for calibrating the tritium monitor according to claim 1, wherein valves (4) are respectively arranged at the rear end of the pressure reducing valve (2), the front end of the reference ionization chamber (8) of the first gas circuit and the rear end of the tritium monitor (7) to be calibrated on a main gas circuit, and independent control of each section is realized through the valves (4).
8. A portable calibration device for tritium monitor calibration according to claim 7, characterized in that the calibration device is integrated entirely in a portable movable trolley (11).
9. A portable calibration device for tritium monitor calibration according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that the rear end of the junction of the first gas circuit and the second gas circuit is connected with a vacuum pump (9), and radioactive gas in the calibration loop is pumped out through the vacuum pump (9).
10. A portable calibration device for tritium monitor calibration according to claim 9, characterized in that the rear end of the vacuum pump (9) is connected to an exhaust gas treatment system (10), and the exhaust gas is treated by the exhaust gas treatment system (10) to be a gas meeting the emission requirement.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110757488.2A CN113640858A (en) | 2021-07-05 | 2021-07-05 | Portable calibration device for calibration of tritium monitor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110757488.2A CN113640858A (en) | 2021-07-05 | 2021-07-05 | Portable calibration device for calibration of tritium monitor |
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| CN113640858A true CN113640858A (en) | 2021-11-12 |
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| CN202110757488.2A Pending CN113640858A (en) | 2021-07-05 | 2021-07-05 | Portable calibration device for calibration of tritium monitor |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114879245A (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-08-09 | 中国人民解放军火箭军工程大学 | On-spot calibrating device of tritium monitor in air based on closed circulation circuit |
| KR20230035984A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2023-03-14 | 한국수력원자력 주식회사 | Calibration device for tritium monitor |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20230035984A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2023-03-14 | 한국수력원자력 주식회사 | Calibration device for tritium monitor |
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