CN113582654A - Light gypsum board - Google Patents
Light gypsum board Download PDFInfo
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- CN113582654A CN113582654A CN202111035518.5A CN202111035518A CN113582654A CN 113582654 A CN113582654 A CN 113582654A CN 202111035518 A CN202111035518 A CN 202111035518A CN 113582654 A CN113582654 A CN 113582654A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- gypsum board
- starch
- gypsum
- building
- amount
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- Pending
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- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 153
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 153
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- -1 sodium alkyl benzene Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229940077388 benzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- JMGZBMRVDHKMKB-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;2-sulfobutanedioate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OS(=O)(=O)C(C([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O JMGZBMRVDHKMKB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- UGTZMIPZNRIWHX-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium trimetaphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P1(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)O1 UGTZMIPZNRIWHX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 36
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004368 Modified starch Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940100445 wheat starch Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000004683 dihydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001165 hydrophobic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002969 artificial stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002591 computed tomography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium sulfate hemihydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M naphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920013716 polyethylene resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940074404 sodium succinate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZDQYSKICYIVCPN-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium succinate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O ZDQYSKICYIVCPN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B19/00—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon
- B28B19/0092—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon to webs, sheets or the like, e.g. of paper, cardboard
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/10—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by using foaming agents or by using mechanical means, e.g. adding preformed foam
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/0875—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements having a basic insulating layer and at least one covering layer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
A light gypsum board belongs to the technical field of building materials. The lightweight gypsum board includes a gypsum board core formed between two parallel facing materials, the gypsum board core being made from a gypsum-containing slurry comprising: water, building gypsum powder, native starch, sodium sulfosuccinate, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, sodium trimetaphosphate and glass fiber; the volume content of the voids in the gypsum board core within the range of 1-5 microns is controlled to be less than 8% of the total void volume. Sodium trimetaphosphate is a conventional additive in the field of gypsum boards, and can enhance the strength, permanent deformation resistance, dimensional stability and other properties of a gypsum green body. The glass fiber is also a conventional reinforcing material in the field of gypsum boards, and can improve the strength of the gypsum board and improve the bonding force inside the gypsum board core. The facing material may be formed from any suitable material, including but not limited to, from facing paper, plastic wallpaper, aluminum foil, fiber mat, and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a light gypsum board.
Background
The gypsum board is a building material prepared by taking building gypsum as a main raw material, and is widely applied to inner partition walls, wall covering panels, ceilings, acoustic boards, ground base plates, various decorative boards and the like of industrial and civil buildings. The introduction of lightweight filler or foam into the gypsum board can reduce the weight and thermal conductivity of the gypsum board; the strength of the gypsum board can be improved by adding the reinforcing material; paper, plastic wallpaper, aluminum foil and the like are adhered to the surface of the gypsum board, so that the water resistance of the gypsum board can be improved; the gypsum board wrapped with the polyethylene resin or the waterproof paper can be used in a bathroom or outdoors.
The development of gypsum boards has so far made the requirements for single weight of the board more and more strict. On the premise of ensuring the strength, the gypsum board with smaller weight per unit is more and more favored. The method can reduce the weight of the building and the construction and installation burden, save the transportation cost, reduce the labor intensity of constructors and facilitate the wide application of the method in high-rise buildings.
Foaming agents are vital additives in gypsum plasterboards and directly affect the quality and the singleweight of the gypsum plasterboard. Improper selection of the foaming agent, small foam amount, poor foam stability, less air holes in a gypsum board finished product, uneven size and easy defect occurrence, which is shown in the fact that the single weight of the board is larger, the board is brittle, and even foams are concentrated on the surface layer of the gypsum slurry to influence the bonding of the board core and the protective paper. At the same time, improper use of the foaming agent may also cause deterioration in properties such as strength, water absorption, and nail-holding power of the gypsum board.
The paper-surface gypsum board usually uses modified starch as a binder of the board core and the protective paper, and the modified starch migrates to the interface of the board core and the protective paper along with water vapor in the production process of the gypsum board to play a role in binding. However, the modified starch can change the viscosity of the gypsum slurry, the compatibility with the foaming agent is poor, bubbles on the surface of the slurry are increased, a gypsum layer close to the paper on the forming is not compact, a gypsum core can be layered when the gypsum core is seriously stuck, and the sticking is not good. Therefore, how to select a proper matching foaming agent and starch is also a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the adverse effect caused by selection of foaming agent and starch in a gypsum board, and provides a lightweight gypsum board which has high strength and low water absorption rate, does not cause the reduction of performances such as the strength, the water absorption rate and the nail-holding power of the gypsum board while reducing the density of the gypsum board through the limitation of materials.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a lightweight gypsum board comprising a gypsum board core formed between two parallel facing materials, the gypsum board core being made from a gypsum-containing slurry comprising water, building landplaster, raw starch, sodium sulfosuccinate, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, sodium trimetaphosphate, and glass fibers;
the native starch is present in an amount of 0.6% to 5% based on the weight of the building landplaster;
the sodium sulfosuccinate is present in an amount of 0.1% to 0.3% based on the weight of the building landplaster;
the sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate is present in an amount of 0.3% to 1% based on the weight of the building landplaster;
the sodium trimetaphosphate is present in an amount of 0.1% to 0.3% based on the weight of the building landplaster;
the glass fibers are present in an amount of 0.5% to 3% based on the weight of the building landplaster;
the water is present in an amount of 0.55 to 0.8 water to paste ratio.
A lightweight gypsum board comprising a gypsum core formed between two parallel facing materials, the gypsum core being made from a gypsum-containing slurry comprising: water, building gypsum powder, native starch, sodium sulfosuccinate, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, sodium trimetaphosphate and glass fiber;
the native starch is present in an amount of 0.6% to 5% based on the weight of the building landplaster;
the sodium sulfosuccinate is present in an amount of 0.1% to 0.3% based on the weight of the building landplaster;
the sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate is present in an amount of 0.3% to 1% based on the weight of the building landplaster;
the sodium trimetaphosphate is present in an amount of 0.1% to 0.3% based on the weight of the building landplaster;
the glass fibers are present in an amount of 0.5% to 3% based on the weight of the building landplaster;
the volume content of the voids in the gypsum board core within the range of 1-5 microns is controlled to be less than 8% of the total void volume.
The native starch of the present invention is in the form of native starch granules that can be partially or fully gelatinized during gypsum wallboard manufacture, for example, upon drying to remove excess water. On one hand, the raw starch has lower viscosity in cold water, is easy to mix with water, reduces the water requirement in gypsum slurry, and further reduces communication gaps caused by water evaporation. On the other hand, the original starch does not change the viscosity of the gypsum slurry greatly, has good compatibility with the foaming agent, reduces the aggregation of bubbles on the surface of the slurry, and improves the bonding strength between the facing material and the gypsum core.
The sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate and the sodium sulfosuccinate are both anionic surfactants, the hydrophobic group of the surfactant is a long carbon chain formed by nonpolar molecules, the hydrophobic group is directionally adsorbed to the air surface on a water-air interface, the hydrated particles of the building gypsum are adsorbed to the hydrophilic group on a water-paste interface, and the hydrophobic group deviates from the particles to form a hydrophobic adsorption layer and tries to approach the air interface. Due to the approach of the ions to the air surface and the adsorption of air-entraining agent molecules on the air-water interface, the surface tension of water is remarkably reduced, and a large number of micro-bubbles are formed in the process of mixing the building gypsum. The air bubbles have directional adsorption layers which repel each other and are uniformly distributed, and the anionic surfactant is precipitated as calcium salt in a calcium-containing solution and is adsorbed on air bubble membranes, so that the air bubbles are more stable. The air bubbles introduced during the mixing of the building gypsum can exist in a relatively stable form, and the diameter of the bubbles can be relatively small and uniform.
The present inventors have unexpectedly discovered that when sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate and sodium succinate sulfonate are used as blowing agents, a dense pore wall structure is more easily formed. This is because, during the drying to remove water, excess water evaporates to form irregularly shaped voids which interconnect to form irregular channels between the set gypsum crystals, and these voids are further distributed on the surface of the pore walls, thereby completely interconnecting pores and voids; the native starch of the invention can partially or completely gelatinize native starch granules while drying and removing water, and sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate and sodium sulfosuccinate on the walls of the air holes can ensure that the gelatinized native starch granules partially migrate to the surfaces of the air holes, and further fill the gaps on the surfaces of the air holes to ensure that the native starch is dense and reinforced. The densified porous wall improves the mechanical properties of the gypsum board such as strength, nail-holding power and the like, blocks the communication of pores in the gypsum board and reduces the water absorption of the gypsum board.
Unlike the prior art, in which the areal density of the gypsum board is adjusted by the water-to-paste ratio and the amount of foaming agent, the areal density of the lightweight gypsum board of the present invention is substantially controlled by the amount of foaming agent, which forms cells having a generally circular or oval shape, each independently and substantially separated from the other cells, uniformly and discontinuously distributed in the core of the gypsum board. And the dense air hole wall formed by the native starch and the foaming agent further blocks the communication of air holes in the gypsum board. The structure reduces the formation of a fine crack network in the gypsum board core, reduces the specific surface area of a gypsum hardening system, prevents liquid from permeating among cracks in the form of an adsorption film, and greatly reduces the water absorption of the gypsum board.
Sodium trimetaphosphate is a conventional additive in the field of gypsum boards, and can enhance the strength, permanent deformation resistance, dimensional stability and other properties of a gypsum green body. The glass fiber is also a conventional reinforcing material in the field of gypsum boards, and can improve the strength of the gypsum board and improve the bonding force inside the gypsum board core. The facing material may be formed from any suitable material, including but not limited to, from facing paper, plastic wallpaper, aluminum foil, fiber mat, and the like.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
The beta-hemihydrate gypsum, namely building gypsum, also called plaster and plaster, can be prepared by calcining and grinding the raw gypsum. Building gypsum can be prepared into plastic slurry after being mixed with water, and the plastic slurry loses plasticity after reacting for a period of time and is coagulated and hardened into solid with certain strength. The gypsum cementing material only forms hydrate during hydration, the slurry does not necessarily form an artificial stone structure with strength, and the artificial stone with strength can be formed only when hydrate crystals are connected with each other to form a crystal structure net. The dihydrate gypsum is steamed by saturated steam under certain conditions, and alpha-type hemihydrate gypsum generated by decomposition is ground to prepare the high-strength gypsum powder. Compared with high-strength gypsum powder, the building gypsum powder has the advantages of larger water demand when being stirred by adding water, more void ratio of the product, smaller density and lower strength. Because the building gypsum has low cost and low product density and is suitable for preparing a large amount of light plates in industry, the building gypsum powder is selected as the raw material.
The first embodiment is as follows: described in this embodiment is a lightweight gypsum board comprising a gypsum board core formed between two parallel facing materials, the gypsum board core being made from a gypsum-containing slurry comprising water, building gypsum powder, raw starch, sodium sulfosuccinate, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, sodium trimetaphosphate, and glass fiber;
the native starch is present in an amount of 0.6-5% based on the weight of the building landplaster (i.e., the mass ratio of native starch to building landplaster is 0.6-5: 100);
the sodium sulfosuccinate is present in an amount of 0.1% to 0.3% based on the weight of the building landplaster;
the sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate is present in an amount of 0.3% to 1% based on the weight of the building landplaster;
the sodium trimetaphosphate is present in an amount of 0.1% to 0.3% based on the weight of the building landplaster;
the glass fibers are present in an amount of 0.5% to 3% based on the weight of the building landplaster;
the water is present in an amount of 0.55 to 0.8 water to paste ratio.
In the hydration hardening and drying processes of the gypsum, considerable gaps are left on the surface and inside of the gypsum after moisture volatilizes, the larger the water-paste ratio is, the more the excess moisture is, the more the gaps are caused by the moisture, the smaller the density and the strength of the gypsum product are, and the lower the bonding strength between the facing material and the gypsum core is; when the water-to-paste ratio exceeds 0.8, the presence of a large number of interconnected water voids results in complete interconnection between air holes and voids, resulting in a considerable deterioration in mechanical properties and water absorption of the gypsum board. When the water-paste ratio is lower than 0.55, the fluidity of the gypsum slurry is obviously reduced, foaming of the foaming agent and forming of the gypsum board are not facilitated, and the building gypsum powder is insufficiently hydrated along with the continuous reduction of the water-paste ratio, so that the mechanical property of the gypsum board is rapidly reduced.
The gypsum slurry of the present invention may further include binders, dispersants, water-proofing agents, paper fibers, clays, biocides, accelerators, and the like. The binder may include acid-modified starch, pregelatinized starch, and the like; the dispersant may include a naphthalene sulfonate dispersant.
The second embodiment is as follows: in a lightweight gypsum board according to embodiment one, the native starch is one or more of native cereal starch, native root starch, native tuber starch, and chemically modified starch.
The third concrete implementation mode: in a first embodiment of the light gypsum board, the native starch is one or any combination of corn starch, wheat starch a, wheat starch B, pea starch, potato starch, tapioca starch, and substituted starch having a substituent group on the hydroxyl group of the starch.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: in a light gypsum board according to embodiment one, the number average molecular weight of the native starch is 40000-. When the molecular weight is lower than 40000, the formation of a compact pore wall structure is not facilitated, and when the molecular weight is higher than 100000, the viscosity of the gypsum slurry is greatly changed.
The native starch of the invention can also be combined with a foaming agent with specific combination to form a compact porous wall structure, and the properties of the gypsum board, such as strength, water absorption rate, nail-holding power and the like, are improved.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: detailed description of the inventionin a lightweight gypsum board according to one aspect, the water is present in an amount in the range of from 0.58 to 0.68 of the water-to-gypsum ratio.
The sixth specific implementation mode: detailed description of the preferred embodimentsthe use of the lightweight gypsum board of any one of embodiments one to five in interior partitions, wall sheathing panels, ceilings, sound absorbing panels, and floor slabs.
The seventh embodiment: described in this embodiment is a lightweight gypsum board comprising a gypsum board core formed between two parallel facing materials, the gypsum board core being made from a gypsum-containing slurry comprising: water, building gypsum powder, native starch, sodium sulfosuccinate, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, sodium trimetaphosphate and glass fiber;
the native starch is present in an amount of 0.6% to 5% based on the weight of the building landplaster;
the sodium sulfosuccinate is present in an amount of 0.1% to 0.3% based on the weight of the building landplaster;
the sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate is present in an amount of 0.3% to 1% based on the weight of the building landplaster;
the sodium trimetaphosphate is present in an amount of 0.1% to 0.3% based on the weight of the building landplaster;
the glass fibers are present in an amount of 0.5% to 3% based on the weight of the building landplaster;
the volume content of the voids in the gypsum board core within the range of 1-5 microns is controlled to be less than 8% of the total void volume.
It is known that the size distribution of the voids formed by the volatilization of water in the gypsum board core, the volume content of which is determined by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray CT scanning techniques, is concentrated to less than 5 microns.
The specific implementation mode is eight: the light gypsum board according to embodiment seven, wherein the native starch has a number average molecular weight of 40000-.
The specific implementation method nine: a lightweight gypsum board according to embodiment seven, wherein the gypsum core has a void volume content in the range of 1 to 5 microns of less than 6% of the total void volume.
The detailed implementation mode is ten: use of the lightweight gypsum board of any one of embodiments seven to nine in interior partitions, wall sheathing panels, ceilings, sound absorbing panels and floor slabs.
The light gypsum board is prepared by adopting a conventional process. Firstly, crushing, drying and grinding raw material calcium sulfate dihydrate to a certain fineness, and then dehydrating to convert the calcium sulfate dihydrate into beta-type building gypsum; the newly prepared building gypsum is conveyed to a storage bin through conveying equipment for storage, and the process becomes aging, and the aging process has two functions. Firstly, the content of the dihydrate gypsum is reduced, and the residual temperature of clinker in the aging bin can continuously dehydrate the dihydrate gypsum which is not calcined and dehydrated. Second, in the aging chamber, the water vapor in the hot gas will combine with the beta-hemihydrate gypsum to form a layer of particulate product of dihydrate gypsum, which due to their presence can reduce the water demand for hydration and become nuclei for the conversion of the gel to crystals. Mixing the aged building gypsum powder with native starch, sodium sulfosuccinate, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, sodium trimetaphosphate and glass fiber, adding water, stirring, and mixing with a stirrer to obtain gypsum slurry. In the production process, the gypsum slurry in the stirrer is sampled and analyzed at any time for the volume weight, so that the foaming effect of the product is controlled according to the requirement. The gypsum slurry flows to the lower protective face material laid in advance by the mixer, and simultaneously the upper protective face material is supplied, and the gypsum slurry is formed into a plate by rolling. The formed board is coagulated and hardened on a coagulating belt conveyor, and the coagulated and hardened gypsum board is cut into a preset size by a cutter in moving. The cutting machine is intended to ensure the accuracy of the cut dimensions and the quality of the cut in the case of a moving plasterboard. The cut gypsum board is fed to a dryer for drying.
The gypsum slurry formulation of the present invention is shown in table 1 below. All values in table 1 are expressed as weight percent based on the weight of the building landplaster.
TABLE 1
The raw starch used in table 1 was corn starch with a number average molecular weight of 60000 daltons. Examples 6-9 were incorporated as comparative examples.
The light gypsum board is prepared by adopting the conventional process in the field as described in the specification, and the facing paper is used as the facing material. The results of the tests of examples 1-9 are shown in Table 2. The surface density, the breaking load, the bonding property between the face protective paper and the core material, the damp deflection, the impact resistance and the water absorption test are all carried out according to GB/T9775-2008; the compressive strength is performed according to GB/T17669.3-1999; the volume content of the voids is determined by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray CT scanning techniques.
TABLE 2
In Table 2, the measured plate thicknesses of the areal density and the breaking load are both 9.5 mm; the breaking load is the longitudinal average.
Preferred embodiments of this invention are described herein, including the best mode known to the inventors for carrying out the invention. Variations of those preferred embodiments may become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the foregoing description. The inventors expect skilled artisans to employ such variations as appropriate, and the inventors intend for the invention to be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein. Accordingly, this invention includes all modifications and equivalents of the subject matter recited in the claims appended hereto as permitted by applicable law. Moreover, any combination of the above-described elements in all possible variations thereof is encompassed by the invention unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context.
Claims (10)
1. A light gypsum board, characterized in that: the lightweight gypsum board includes a gypsum board core formed between two parallel facing materials, the gypsum board core being made from a gypsum-containing slurry including water, building landplaster, raw starch, sodium sulfosuccinate, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, sodium trimetaphosphate, and glass fiber;
the native starch is present in an amount of 0.6% to 5% based on the weight of the building landplaster;
the sodium sulfosuccinate is present in an amount of 0.1% to 0.3% based on the weight of the building landplaster;
the sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate is present in an amount of 0.3% to 1% based on the weight of the building landplaster;
the sodium trimetaphosphate is present in an amount of 0.1% to 0.3% based on the weight of the building landplaster;
the glass fibers are present in an amount of 0.5% to 3% based on the weight of the building landplaster;
the water is present in an amount of 0.55 to 0.8 water to paste ratio.
2. A lightweight gypsum board according to claim 1, wherein: the native starch is one or more of natural cereal starch, natural root starch, natural tuber starch and chemically modified starch.
3. A lightweight gypsum board according to claim 1, wherein: the native starch is one or any combination of corn starch, A-type wheat starch, B-type wheat starch, pea starch, potato starch, tapioca starch, and substituted starch with substituted group on starch hydroxyl.
4. A lightweight gypsum board according to claim 1, wherein: the number average molecular weight of the native starch is 40000 and 100000 daltons.
5. A lightweight gypsum board according to claim 1, wherein: the water is present in an amount of 0.58-0.68 water-to-paste ratio.
6. Use of the lightweight gypsum board according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in interior partitions, wall cladding panels, ceilings, sound absorbing panels and floor slabs.
7. A light gypsum board, characterized in that: the lightweight gypsum board includes a gypsum board core formed between two parallel facing materials, the gypsum board core being made from a gypsum-containing slurry comprising: water, building gypsum powder, native starch, sodium sulfosuccinate, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, sodium trimetaphosphate and glass fiber;
the native starch is present in an amount of 0.6% to 5% based on the weight of the building landplaster;
the sodium sulfosuccinate is present in an amount of 0.1% to 0.3% based on the weight of the building landplaster;
the sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate is present in an amount of 0.3% to 1% based on the weight of the building landplaster;
the sodium trimetaphosphate is present in an amount of 0.1% to 0.3% based on the weight of the building landplaster;
the glass fibers are present in an amount of 0.5% to 3% based on the weight of the building landplaster;
the volume content of the voids in the gypsum board core within the range of 1-5 microns is controlled to be less than 8% of the total void volume.
8. The lightweight gypsum board of claim 7, wherein: the number average molecular weight of the native starch is 40000-100000 dalton, and more preferably 60000-80000 dalton.
9. The lightweight gypsum board of claim 7, wherein: the volume content of the voids in the gypsum board core within the range of 1-5 microns is controlled to be less than 6% of the total void volume.
10. Use of the lightweight gypsum board according to any one of claims 7 to 9 in interior partitions, wall cladding panels, ceilings, sound absorbing panels and floor slabs.
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