CN113533883A - System and method for testing electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of artificial material based on common-aperture antenna array - Google Patents
System and method for testing electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of artificial material based on common-aperture antenna array Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a system and a method for testing electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of artificial materials based on a common-aperture antenna array, wherein the test system comprises: the device comprises a synchronous controller, a strong field excitation seed signal source, a continuous wave seed signal source, a strong electromagnetic pulse source, a high-power distribution network, a front power amplifier, a circulator, a low-power distribution network, a power synthesis network, a TEM antenna matrix, a shielding camera bellows, a receiving antenna, a high-power distribution module, a high-power band-stop filter, a high-power band-pass filter and a signal acquisition module. The invention realizes the same-phase center radiation of the high-power strong-field excitation signal and the low-power continuous wave signal, can realize the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test of the artificial material based on the continuous wave signal representation, can also finish the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test of the artificial material based on the strong electromagnetic pulse signal representation, and has important significance for the objective evaluation of the electromagnetic protection performance of the artificial material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetic shielding effectiveness testing, in particular to a system and a method for testing electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of artificial materials based on a common-aperture antenna array.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of strong electromagnetic pulse generation technology, the strength of the space electromagnetic environment is higher and higher, and the threat to the normal operation of an electronic system is greater and greater. The electromagnetic shielding of the electronic system by using the electromagnetic protection material is one of important means for improving the viability of the electronic system in a strong electromagnetic environment. Due to its unique electromagnetic shielding property, artificial electromagnetic shielding materials have attracted great attention and have been rapidly developed in recent years. The artificial electromagnetic protection material is an artificial material for realizing specific electromagnetic performance, and when the external excitation field intensity is lower (such as lower than the nonlinear conductive characteristic excitation field intensity of the material), the artificial electromagnetic protection material has a 'through' characteristic, and incident electromagnetic waves can freely pass through the material, so that the insertion loss is very low; when the external excitation field strength reaches or is higher than the nonlinear conductive characteristic excitation field strength of the material, the nonlinear conductive characteristic of the artificial electromagnetic protection material is excited, the material presents a cut-off characteristic, and the incident electromagnetic wave can be quickly attenuated, so that an electronic system is effectively protected.
For electromagnetic protection materials, accurately characterizing and testing the shielding effectiveness of the materials is crucial to the practical electromagnetic protection application of the materials. At present, the shielding effectiveness test around the electromagnetic protection material mainly includes a coaxial flange method based on transmission line loading, a rectangular waveguide method, a dielectric lens focusing method based on free space loading, and a cavity (baffle) windowing method. In these testing methods, the emission source is generally a continuous wave signal source, and the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness is obtained by comparing and calculating the received signals with and without electromagnetic shielding materials, so it is very difficult to realize the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test of the artificial materials under the excitation of strong fields. However, for the artificial electromagnetic protection material, the nonlinear conductive property of the material appears under the excitation of a strong field, and the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the material has strong dependence on the field intensity of an external excitation strong field; therefore, the testing methods are difficult to meet the shielding effectiveness testing requirements of the artificial electromagnetic protection material. Until recently, patent application CN202110629299.7 disclosed a shielding effectiveness testing system and method suitable for electromagnetic protection performance testing of artificial materials; the system and the method can realize the shielding effectiveness test of the artificial electromagnetic protection material under the excitation of a strong field. However, in the system, a strong field excitation signal transmitting antenna is obliquely opposite to a material test window of a shielding dark box, so that the coupling between an excitation strong field and a material has polarization mismatch loss, and compared with the situation that the transmitting antenna is opposite, a strong electromagnetic pulse source is required to have higher output power; in addition, in the test process, the included angle between the radiation direction of the transmitting antenna and the normal line of the test window needs to be reasonably adjusted so as to simultaneously meet the nonlinear conductive characteristic excitation condition and the 3dB uniform region condition, and the operation process is complicated.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a system and a method for testing electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of artificial materials based on a common-aperture antenna array, which realize the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test of the artificial materials based on continuous wave signal characterization and on high-field signal characterization in a manner of common-aperture emission of high-field excitation signals and continuous wave signals, obtain the shielding effectiveness of the artificial materials under different signal characterizations in different states such as linearity and nonlinearity, and improve the objectivity of electromagnetic protection performance evaluation of the artificial materials.
The invention provides a system for testing electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of artificial materials based on a common-aperture antenna array, which comprises: the device comprises a synchronous controller, a strong field excitation seed signal source, a continuous wave seed signal source, a strong electromagnetic pulse source, a high-power distribution network, a front power amplifier, a circulator, a low-power distribution network, a power synthesis network, a TEM antenna matrix, a shielding camera bellows, a receiving antenna, a high-power distribution module, a high-power band-stop filter, a high-power band-pass filter and a signal acquisition module;
the synchronous controller is connected with the strong field excitation seed signal source, the continuous wave seed signal source and the strong electromagnetic pulse source; the strong field excitation seed signal source, the strong electromagnetic pulse source and the high-power distribution network are sequentially connected; the continuous wave seed signal source, the preposed power amplifier, the circulator and the low-power distribution network are sequentially connected; the input end of the power synthesis network is respectively connected with the high-power distribution network and the low-power distribution network, and the output end of the power synthesis network is connected with the TEM antenna matrix; the TEM antenna matrix is arranged outside the shielding camera bellows and is opposite to the artificial material test window of the shielding camera bellows; the receiving antenna is connected with the high-power dividing module; the input ends of the high-power band-stop filter and the high-power band-pass filter are connected with the high-power division module, and the output ends of the high-power band-stop filter and the high-power band-pass filter are connected with the signal acquisition module;
the synchronous controller comprises a plurality of independent trigger pulse generating ports and is used for generating a plurality of paths of independent time sequence trigger pulses and triggering the strong field excitation seed signal source, the continuous wave seed signal source and the strong electromagnetic pulse source to work;
the strong field excitation seed signal source is used for generating a strong field excitation seed signal according to the set working parameters under the control of the synchronous controller;
the continuous wave seed signal source is used for generating a continuous wave seed signal according to the set working parameters under the control of the synchronous controller;
the strong electromagnetic pulse source is used for amplifying the strong field excitation seed signal under the control of the synchronous controller to generate a strong field excitation signal;
the high-power distribution network is used for equally dividing the strong field excitation signal into N paths;
the preposed power amplifier is used for amplifying the continuous wave seed signal and generating a continuous wave signal;
the circulator is used for realizing the unidirectional transmission of the continuous wave signal from the front power amplifier to the low-power division network;
the low-power division network is used for equally dividing the continuous wave signals into N paths;
the power synthesis network is used for synthesizing the N paths of equally divided strong field excitation signals and the N paths of continuous wave signals into N paths of signals;
the TEM antenna matrix is used for radiating continuous wave signals and strong field excitation signals synthesized into N paths of signals;
the receiving antenna is used for receiving the transmission electromagnetic signal under the condition that the artificial material or the non-artificial material exists on the artificial material testing window of the shielding camera bellows;
the high-power dividing module is used for equally dividing the transmission electromagnetic signals received by the receiving antenna into two paths;
the high-power band elimination filter is used for filtering strong field excitation signals in the transmission electromagnetic signals and reserving continuous wave signals;
the high-power band-pass filter is used for filtering continuous wave signals in the transmission electromagnetic signals, reserving strong-field excitation signals and reducing the amplitude of the strong-field excitation signals;
the signal acquisition module comprises 2 independent signal acquisition ports which are respectively used for receiving continuous wave signals and strong field excitation signals which are filtered by the high-power band-stop filter and the high-power band-pass filter.
Further, N and the maximum output power P of the strong electromagnetic pulse source satisfy the following relationship:
wherein, PsThe lowest withstand power of each link of the strong electromagnetic pulse transmission link is achieved.
Further, N also satisfies the following condition:
N＝m2
wherein m is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.
Furthermore, each TEM antenna consists of a coaxial feed source and an upper isosceles triangle polar plate and a lower isosceles triangle polar plate which have the same size and form a certain included angle; the upper isosceles triangle polar plate is connected with a core wire of the coaxial feed source, and the lower isosceles triangle polar plate is connected with the ground of the coaxial feed source.
Further, the distance d between the center of the TEM antenna matrix and the center of the artificial material test window on the shielding camera and the dimension L of the artificial material test window on the shielding camera satisfy the following relationship:
where θ is the 3dB beam angle of the TEM antenna matrix.
Further, the 3dB beam angle θ of the maximum output power P, TEM antenna matrix of the strong electromagnetic pulse source needs to satisfy the following relationship:
wherein E isnThe electric field intensity required for the nonlinear conductive characteristic excitation of the artificial material.
Further, the high-power division network is formed by cascading high-power dividers; the low-power division network is formed by cascading low-power dividers; the power synthesis network is composed of a plurality of power synthesizers; the TEM antenna array is an antenna area array which consists of N TEM antennas and has the dimension of m multiplied by m; wherein m is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.
Preferably, the signal acquisition module is a spectrum analyzer.
The invention provides a method for testing electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of artificial materials based on a common-aperture antenna array, which comprises a method for testing the shielding effectiveness based on continuous wave signal representation and a method for testing the shielding effectiveness based on strong electromagnetic pulse signal representation;
the shielding effectiveness testing method based on the continuous wave signal characterization comprises the following steps:
step 101, arranging the artificial material electromagnetic shielding effectiveness testing system based on the common-aperture antenna array in a testing field;
102, cooperatively adjusting the output power of a strong electromagnetic pulse source and the distance d between the center of a TEM antenna matrix and the center of a test window of the artificial material in the shielding dark box to enable the excitation intensity field E of the artificial material to be in [ E ]min1,Emax1]Flexible adjustment is carried out;
103, setting an artificial material testing window to be in an idle state, namely, no artificial material exists;
104, testing the frequency range [ f ] according to the shielding effectiveness of the artificial materialmin1,fmax1]Setting the output signal frequency of the continuous wave seed signal source to be fcw[i]，fcw[i]∈[fmin1,fmax1]I is 0,1,2 …, and fcw[0]＝fmin1(ii) a Setting the output signal frequency of the strong field excitation seed signal source as fhp[i]And f ishp[i]The following conditions are satisfied:
wherein, TwThe pulse width of the strong field excitation signal; meanwhile, the center frequency of a stop band of the high-power band-stop filter is set to be fhp[i]The stop band width is W1And W is1The following conditions are satisfied:
meanwhile, an acquisition port of the signal acquisition module connected with the high-power band-stop filter is set to be in a working state, and an acquisition port of the signal acquisition module connected with the high-power band-pass filter is set to be in a non-working state;
step 105, setting a synchronous controller to generate a time sequence trigger pulse, and triggering a strong field excitation seed signal source, a continuous wave seed signal source and a strong electromagnetic pulse source to work;
step 106, acquiring the frequency f through a signal acquisition modulecw[i]Continuous wave signal amplitude A output by high-power band-stop filtercw[i]；
Step 107, setting the output signal frequency of the continuous wave seed signal source as the next testing frequency fcw[i+1]If:
then the frequency f of the strong field excitation seed signal source is sethp[i+1]Comprises the following steps:
and adjusting the system to keep the size of the artificial material excitation strong field E unchanged, and setting the center frequency of the stop band of the high-power band-stop filter to be fhp[i+1]；
Otherwise, setting the frequency f of the strong field excitation seed signal sourcehp[i+1]Comprises the following steps:
fhp[i+1]＝fhp[i]
meanwhile, the center frequency of a stop band of the high-power band-stop filter is set to be fhp[i+1]；
Step 108, repeating the step 105 to the step 107 to obtain the test frequency [ f ] under the conditions that the artificial material is not loaded in the test window of the artificial material of the shielding dark box and the excitation strong field is Emin1，fmax1]Set of continuous wave signal amplitudes transmitted in range Acw：
Acw＝{Acw[i]|i＝0，1，2，...}
Step 109, setting the artificial material testing window to be in a loading state, namely, artificial materials exist; repeating the steps 104 to 107 to obtain the artificial material, and testing the frequency [ f ] under the condition that the excitation intensity field is Emin1，fmax1]Set of in-range transmitted electromagnetic signal amplitudes Bcw：
Bcw＝{Bcw[i]|i＝0，1，2，...}
Step 110, calculating the excitation intensity field as E, the artificial material is in [ f [ ]min1，fmax1]Shielding effectiveness in the frequency range:
SEcw＝{SEcw[i]|i＝0，1，2，...}
wherein:
step 111, changing the size of the excitation intensity field of the artificial material, and repeating the steps 103 to 110 to obtain the excitation intensity field [ E ] concernedmin1，Emax1]、[fmin1，fmax1]Electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of artificial material in frequency range, and further completing the characterization based on continuous wave signals, and the artificial material under different excitation intensity fieldsmin1，fmax1]Testing the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness in a frequency range;
the shielding effectiveness testing method based on strong electromagnetic pulse signal characterization comprises the following steps:
step 201, arranging the artificial material electromagnetic shielding effectiveness testing system based on the common-aperture antenna array in a testing field;
step 202, the strong electromagnetic pulse field intensity E is adjusted to be [ E ] through the cooperative adjustment of the output power of the strong electromagnetic pulse source and the distance d between the center of the TEM antenna matrix and the center of the artificial material test window of the shielding dark boxmin2,Emax2]Flexible adjustment is carried out;
step 203, setting the artificial material testing window to be in an idle state, namely, no artificial material exists;
step 204, testing the frequency range [ f ] according to the shielding effectiveness of the artificial materialmin2,fmax2]Setting the output signal frequency of the high-field excitation seed signal source as fhp[i]，fhp[i]∈[fmin2,fmax2]I is 0,1,2 …, and fhp[0]＝fmin2(ii) a Meanwhile, the center frequency of the passband of the high-power band-pass filter is set to be fhp[i]Setting the pass band width of the high-power band-pass filter as W2And W is2The following conditions are satisfied:
wherein, TwThe pulse width of the strong field excitation signal; meanwhile, an acquisition port of the signal acquisition module, which is connected with the high-power band-pass filter, is set to be in a working state, and an acquisition port of the signal acquisition module, which is connected with the high-power band-stop filter, is set to be in a non-working state;
step 205, setting a synchronous controller to generate a timing trigger pulse, and triggering a strong field excitation seed signal source and a strong electromagnetic pulse source to work;
step 206, obtaining the frequency f through the signal acquisition modulehp[i]Strong electromagnetic pulse amplitude A output by time-passing high-power band-pass filterhp[i]；
Step 207, setting the output signal frequency of the high-field excitation seed signal source as the next testing frequency fhp[i+1]Adjusting the system to keep the E size of the artificial material excitation strong field unchanged, and setting the center frequency of the passband of the high-power band-pass filter to be fhp[i+1]；
Step 208, repeating the steps 205 to 207, and obtaining the test frequency [ f ] under the conditions that the artificial material is not loaded in the test window of the artificial material of the shielding dark box and the excitation strong field is Emin2，fmax2]Set of high field signal amplitudes transmitted in range Ahp：
Ahp＝{Ahp[i]|i＝0，1，2，...}
Step 209, setting the artificial material test window to be in a loading state, namely, artificial materials exist; repeating the step 204 to the step 207 to obtain the artificial material, and testing the frequency [ f ] under the condition that the excitation intensity field is Emin2，fmax2]Set of in-range transmitted electromagnetic signal amplitudes Bhp：
Bhp＝{Bhp[i]|i＝0，1，2，...}
Step 210, calculating the excitation intensity field as E, the artificial material is in [ f [ ]min2，fmax2]Shielding effectiveness in the frequency range:
SEhp＝{SEhp[i]|i＝0，1，2，...}
wherein:
step 211, changing the size of the artificial material excitation strong field, repeating the steps 203-210 to obtain the concerned frequency range [ fmin2，fmax2]Internal field intensity range [ Emin2，Emax2]Artificial representation of strong electromagnetic pulse fieldsAnd the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the material is further tested based on the electromagnetic pulse signal characterization of the artificial material.
In particular, when a full band test is performed in step 104 and in step 204, fmin1＝fmin2＝10kHz，fmax1＝fmax2＝40GHz。
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention realizes the same-phase center radiation of the high-power strong-field excitation signal and the low-power continuous wave signal, can realize the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test of the artificial material based on the continuous wave signal representation, can also finish the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test of the artificial material based on the strong electromagnetic pulse signal representation, and has important significance for the objective evaluation of the electromagnetic protection performance of the artificial material.
2. The invention has the characteristics of low requirement on the output power of the strong electromagnetic pulse source, strong system compatibility and the like.
3. According to the invention, the adjustment of the nonlinear characteristic excitation field intensity and the 3dB uniform region of the artificial material can be completed by adjusting the distance between the transmitting antenna and the test window, and compared with the existing only artificial material electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test patent application (CN202110629299.7), the adjustment process is simpler and more convenient.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetic shielding effectiveness testing system for artificial materials based on a common-aperture antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a high-power distribution network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a low-power distribution network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a power combining network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a TEM antenna matrix according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a TEM antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: the method comprises the following steps of 1-a synchronous controller, 2-a strong field excitation seed signal source, 3-a continuous wave seed signal source, 4-a strong electromagnetic pulse source, 5-a high-power dividing network, 6-a front power amplifier, 7-a circulator, 8-a low-power dividing network, 9-a power synthesizing network, 10-a TEM antenna matrix, 11-a shielding camera bellows, 12-an artificial material testing window, 13-a receiving antenna, 14-a high-power dividing module, 15-a high-power band-stop filter, 16-a high-power band-pass filter, 17-a signal acquisition module, 18-a one-in-two high-power divider, 19-a one-in-two low-power divider, 20-a two-in-one power synthesizer, 21-a TEM antenna, 22-a coaxial feed source and 23-an isosceles triangle polar plate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
The present embodiment describes in detail a system and a method for testing electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of an artificial material based on a common-aperture antenna array, through an electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test of an artificial material in a strong electromagnetic pulse environment (similar to a high-intensity radiation field environment) generated by a high-power amplifier.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a system for testing electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of artificial material based on a common-aperture antenna array, which includes: the system comprises a synchronous controller 1, a strong field excitation seed signal source 2, a continuous wave seed signal source 3, a strong electromagnetic pulse source 4, a high-power distribution network 5, a preposed power amplifier 6, a circulator 7, a low-power distribution network 8, a power synthesis network 9, a TEM antenna matrix 10, a shielding dark box 11, a receiving antenna 13, a high-power distribution module 14, a high-power band-stop filter 15, a high-power band-pass filter 16 and a signal acquisition module 17;
the synchronous controller 1 is connected with a strong field excitation seed signal source 2, a continuous wave seed signal source 3 and a strong electromagnetic pulse source 4; the strong field excitation seed signal source 2, the strong electromagnetic pulse source 4 and the high-power distribution network 5 are sequentially connected; the continuous wave seed signal source 3, the pre-power amplifier 6, the circulator 7 and the low-power distribution network 8 are connected in sequence; the input end of the power synthesis network 9 is respectively connected with the high-power distribution network 5 and the low-power distribution network 8, and the output end of the power synthesis network is connected with the TEM antenna matrix 10; the TEM antenna matrix 10 is arranged outside the shielding camera bellows 11 and is opposite to the artificial material test window 12 of the shielding camera bellows 11; the receiving antenna 13 is connected with the high-power dividing module 14; the input ends of the high-power band-stop filter 15 and the high-power band-pass filter 16 are connected with the high-power division module 14, and the output ends are connected with the signal acquisition module 17;
the synchronous controller 1 comprises 3 independent trigger pulse generating ports for generating a plurality of independent time sequence trigger pulses and triggering the strong field excitation seed signal source 2, the continuous wave seed signal source 3 and the strong electromagnetic pulse source 4 to work;
the high-field excitation seed signal source 2 (the selectable model is N5172B) is configured to generate a high-field excitation seed signal according to the set working parameter under the control of the synchronous controller 1;
the continuous wave seed signal source 3 (the selectable model is E8257D) is used for generating a continuous wave seed signal according to the set working parameters under the control of the synchronous controller 1;
the strong electromagnetic pulse source 4 is used for amplifying the strong field excitation seed signal under the control of the synchronous controller 1 to generate a strong field excitation signal;
the high-power distribution network 5 is formed by two-stage cascading of 3 one-to-two high-power dividers 18, as shown in fig. 2, and is configured to equally divide the high-field excitation signal into N paths; wherein, N and the maximum output power P (which may be 10kW) of the strong electromagnetic pulse source 4 satisfy the following relationship:
wherein, PsThe minimum withstand power of each link of the strong electromagnetic pulse transmission link is (under the pulse width of 100ns, the minimum withstand power of a single pulse is 5 kW). Further, N also satisfies the following condition:
N＝m2
wherein m is a natural number greater than or equal to 1. Alternatively, N is 4, m is 2, and the high-field excitation signal is divided into 4 paths, which are a1, a2, A3 and a4 respectively.
The pre-power amplifier 6 is configured to amplify the continuous wave seed signal to generate a continuous wave signal;
the circulator 7 is used for realizing unidirectional transmission of a continuous wave signal from the front power amplifier 6 to the low-power distribution network 8;
the low-power distribution network 8 is formed by two-stage cascading of 3 one-to-two low-power distributors 19, as shown in fig. 3, and is configured to equally distribute continuous wave signals into N-4 paths, which are respectively B1, B2, B3, and B4;
the power combining network 9 is composed of 4 two-in-one power combiners 20, as shown in fig. 4, and is configured to combine the N-path high-field excitation signals (Ai, i ═ 1,2, 3, 4) and the N-path continuous wave signals (Bi, i ═ 1,2, 3, 4) into N-path signals (Ci, i ═ 1,2, 3, 4);
the TEM antenna array 10 is an antenna area array which is composed of 4 TEM antennas 21 and has dimensions of 2 × 2, and the 3dB beam angle of the TEM antenna array is 22 °, as shown in fig. 5, and is used for radiating continuous wave signals and strong field excitation signals synthesized into N paths of signals; as shown in fig. 6, each TEM antenna 21 is composed of a coaxial feed source 22 and two upper and lower isosceles triangle plates 23 with the same size and an included angle α (preferably α ═ 60 °); wherein, the upper isosceles triangle polar plate 23 is connected with the core wire of the coaxial feed 22, and the lower isosceles triangle polar plate 23 is connected with the ground of the coaxial feed 22.
The receiving antenna 13 is used for receiving the transmission electromagnetic signal under the condition that the artificial material or no artificial material exists on the artificial material testing window 12 of the shielding dark box 11;
the high-power dividing module 14 is configured to equally divide the transmission electromagnetic signal received by the receiving antenna 13 into two paths;
the high-power band-stop filter 15 is used for filtering strong-field excitation signals in the transmission electromagnetic signals and reserving continuous wave signals;
the high-power band-pass filter 16 is used for filtering continuous wave signals in the transmission electromagnetic signals, reserving strong-field excitation signals and reducing the amplitude of the strong-field excitation signals;
the signal acquisition module 17 includes 2 independent signal acquisition ports, which are respectively used for receiving the continuous wave signal and the high-field excitation signal filtered by the high-power band-stop filter 15 and the high-power band-pass filter 16. Preferably, the signal acquisition module 17 employs a spectrum analyzer, optionally of the type E4440A.
Further, the distance d between the center of the TEM antenna matrix 10 and the center of the artificial material testing window 12 on the shielding dark box 11 and the dimension L (which may be 0.6m) of the artificial material testing window 12 on the shielding dark box 11 satisfy the following relationship:
where θ is the 3dB beam angle of the TEM antenna matrix 10.
Further, the 3dB beam angle θ of the antenna array 10 with the maximum output power P, TEM of the strong electromagnetic pulse source 4 needs to satisfy the following relationship:
wherein E isnThe electric field intensity required for the nonlinear conductive characteristic excitation of the artificial material.
By adopting the system for testing the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the artificial material based on the common-aperture antenna array, the embodiment also provides a method for testing the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the artificial material based on the common-aperture antenna array, and the method comprises a method for testing the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness based on the continuous wave signal representation and a method for testing the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness based on the electromagnetic pulse signal representation according to different representation modes (continuous wave signal representation and strong electromagnetic pulse signal representation);
(1) the shielding effectiveness testing method based on the continuous wave signal characterization comprises the following steps:
step 101, arranging the artificial material electromagnetic shielding effectiveness testing system based on the common-aperture antenna array in a testing field;
102, cooperatively adjusting the output power of the strong electromagnetic pulse source 4 and the distance d between the center of the TEM antenna matrix 10 and the center of the artificial material test window 12 of the shielding dark box 11 to enable the excitation strong field E of the artificial material to be in [ E ]min1，Emax1]Flexible adjustment is carried out; this example takes Emin1＝0、Emaxl7.2kV/m, namely the excitation strong field E of the artificial material is in [0, 7.2kV/m]Flexible adjustment is carried out;
103, setting the artificial material testing window 12 to be in an idle state, namely, no artificial material exists;
104, testing the frequency range [ f ] according to the shielding effectiveness of the artificial materialmin1，fmax1]In this embodiment, full band test is performed, fmin1＝10kHz，fmax140GHz, i.e. the frequency range of the artificial material shielding effectiveness test is 10kHz and 40GHz]Setting the output signal frequency of the continuous wave seed signal source 3 to be fcw[i]，fcw[i]∈[fmin1，fmax1]I is 0,1,2 …, and fcw[i]Initial frequency f ofcw[0]10 kHz; setting the output signal frequency f of the strong field excitation seed signal source 2hp[i]Is 2.5GHz, and fhp[i]The following conditions are satisfied:
wherein, TwThe pulse width of the strong field excitation signal is (100 ns is selected); meanwhile, the center frequency of the stop band of the high-power band-stop filter 15 is set to be fhp[i](2.5GHz), stop band bandwidth W1Is 80MHz, and W1The following conditions are satisfied:
meanwhile, the acquisition port of the signal acquisition module 17 connected with the high-power band-stop filter 15 is set to be in a working state, and the acquisition port of the signal acquisition module 17 connected with the high-power band-pass filter 16 is set to be in a non-working state;
step 105, setting a synchronous controller 1 to generate a time sequence trigger pulse, and triggering a strong field excitation seed signal source 2, a continuous wave seed signal source 3 and a strong electromagnetic pulse source 4 to work;
step 106, obtaining the frequency f by the signal acquisition module 17cw[i]Continuous wave signal amplitude A output by the high-power band-stop filter 15cw[i]；
Step 107, setting the output signal frequency of the continuous wave seed signal source 3 as the next testing frequency fcw[i+1]If:
fcw[i+1]∈[2.45，2.55](GHz)
the frequency f of the high field excitation seed signal source 2 is sethp[i+1]Comprises the following steps:
fhp[i+1]＝2.6(GHz)
the system is adjusted to keep the size of the artificial material excitation strong field E unchanged, and meanwhile, the center frequency of a stop band of the high-power band-stop filter 15 is set to be 2.6 GHz;
otherwise, setting the frequency f of the strong field excitation seed signal source 2hp[i+1]Comprises the following steps:
fhp[i+1]＝2.5(GHz)
meanwhile, the center frequency of the stop band of the high-power band-stop filter 15 is set to be 2.5 GHz;
step 108, repeating the step 105 to the step 107 to obtain the shielding dark box 11 under the conditions that the artificial material is not loaded in the artificial material test window 12 and the excitation strong field is E, and testing the frequency [10kHz, 40GHz ]]Set of continuous wave signal amplitudes transmitted in range Acw：
Acw＝{Acw[i]|i＝0，1，2，...}
Step 109, setting the artificial material testing window 12 to be in a loading state, namely, artificial materials exist; repeating the steps 104 to 107 to obtain the artificial material, and testing the frequency [10kHz, 40GHz ] under the condition that the excitation strong field is E]Set of in-range transmitted electromagnetic signal amplitudes Bcw：
Bcw＝(Bcw[i]|i＝0，1，2，...}
Step 110, calculating the shielding effectiveness of the artificial material in the frequency range of [10kHz, 40GHz ] under the condition that the excitation strong field is E:
SEcw＝{SEcw[i]|i＝0，1，2，...}
wherein:
step 111, changing the size of the artificial material excitation strong field, repeating the step 103 to the step 110 to obtain the artificial material electromagnetic shielding effectiveness in the concerned excitation strong field [0, 7.2kV/m ], [10kHz, 40GHz ] frequency range, and further completing the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test of the artificial material in the [10kHz, 40GHz ] frequency range under different excitation strong fields based on the continuous wave signal representation;
(2) the shielding effectiveness testing method based on strong electromagnetic pulse signal characterization comprises the following steps:
step 201, arranging the artificial material electromagnetic shielding effectiveness testing system based on the common-aperture antenna array in a testing field;
step 202, the strong electromagnetic pulse field intensity E is adjusted to [ E ] through the cooperative adjustment of the output power of the strong electromagnetic pulse source 4 and the distance d between the center of the TEM antenna matrix 10 and the center of the artificial material test window 12 of the shielding dark box 11min2，Emax2]Flexible adjustment is carried out; this example takes Emin2＝1kV/m、Emax27.2kV/m, namely the excitation strong field E of the artificial material is in the range of 1kV/m, 7.2kV/m]Flexible adjustment is carried out;
step 203, setting the artificial material testing window 12 to be in an idle state, namely, no artificial material exists;
step 204, testing the frequency range [ f ] according to the shielding effectiveness of the artificial materialmin2，fmax2]In this embodiment, take fmin2＝100MHz，fmax240GHz, i.e. the frequency range of the artificial material shielding effectiveness test is [100MHz, 40GHz]Setting the output signal frequency of the strong field excitation seed signal source 2 as fhp[i]，fhp[i]∈[fmin2，fmax2]I is 0,1,2 …, and fhp[i]Initial frequency f ofhp[0]100 MHz; meanwhile, the passband center frequency f of the high-power bandpass filter 16 is sethp[i]The passband bandwidth W of the high power bandpass filter 16 is set to 100MHz280MHz, and W2The following conditions are satisfied:
wherein, TwTaking 100ns for the pulse width of a strong field excitation signal; meanwhile, the acquisition port of the signal acquisition module 17 connected with the high-power band-pass filter 16 is set to be in a working state, and the acquisition port of the signal acquisition module 17 connected with the high-power band-stop filter 15 is set to be in a non-working state;
step 205, setting a synchronous controller 1 to generate a time sequence trigger pulse, and triggering a strong field excitation seed signal source 2 and a strong electromagnetic pulse source 4 to work;
step 206, obtaining the frequency f by the signal acquisition module 17hp[i]Strong electromagnetic pulse amplitude A output by high-power band-pass filter 16hp[i]；
Step 207, setting the output signal frequency of the high-field excitation seed signal source 2 as the next testing frequency fhp[i+1]Adjusting the system to keep the excitation intensity E of the artificial material unchanged, and setting the center frequency of the passband of the high-power bandpass filter 16 to be fhp[i+1]；
Step 208, repeating the steps 205 to 207, and obtaining the test frequency [100MHz, 40GHz ] under the conditions that the artificial material is not loaded in the artificial material test window 12 of the shielding dark box 11 and the excitation strong field is E]Set of high field signal amplitudes transmitted in range Ahp：
Ahp＝{Ahp[i]|i＝0，1，2，...}
Step 209, setting the artificial material testing window 12 to be in a loading state, namely, artificial materials exist; repeating the step 204 to the step 207 to obtain the artificial material, and testing the frequency [100MHz, 40GHz ] under the condition that the excitation strong field is E]Set of in-range transmitted electromagnetic signal amplitudes Bhp：
Bhp＝{Bhp[i]|i＝0，1，2，...}
Step 210, calculating the shielding effectiveness of the artificial material in the frequency range of [100MHz, 40GHz ] under the condition that the excitation strong field is E (under the condition of strong electromagnetic pulse):
SEhp＝{SEhp[i]|i＝0，1，2，...}
wherein:
and step 211, changing the size of the excitation strong field of the artificial material, repeating the step 203 to the step 210, obtaining the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the artificial material represented by the strong electromagnetic pulse field with the field intensity range [1kV/m, 7.2kV/m ] in the concerned frequency range [100MHz, 40GHz ], and further completing the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test of the artificial material based on the strong electromagnetic pulse signal representation.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An artificial material electromagnetic shielding effectiveness test system based on a common-aperture antenna array is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a synchronous controller, a strong field excitation seed signal source, a continuous wave seed signal source, a strong electromagnetic pulse source, a high-power distribution network, a front power amplifier, a circulator, a low-power distribution network, a power synthesis network, a TEM antenna matrix, a shielding camera bellows, a receiving antenna, a high-power distribution module, a high-power band-stop filter, a high-power band-pass filter and a signal acquisition module;
the synchronous controller is connected with the strong field excitation seed signal source, the continuous wave seed signal source and the strong electromagnetic pulse source; the strong field excitation seed signal source, the strong electromagnetic pulse source and the high-power distribution network are sequentially connected; the continuous wave seed signal source, the preposed power amplifier, the circulator and the low-power distribution network are sequentially connected; the input end of the power synthesis network is respectively connected with the high-power distribution network and the low-power distribution network, and the output end of the power synthesis network is connected with the TEM antenna matrix; the TEM antenna matrix is arranged outside the shielding camera bellows and is opposite to the artificial material test window of the shielding camera bellows; the receiving antenna is connected with the high-power dividing module; the input ends of the high-power band-stop filter and the high-power band-pass filter are connected with the high-power division module, and the output ends of the high-power band-stop filter and the high-power band-pass filter are connected with the signal acquisition module;
the synchronous controller comprises a plurality of independent trigger pulse generating ports and is used for generating a plurality of paths of independent time sequence trigger pulses and triggering the strong field excitation seed signal source, the continuous wave seed signal source and the strong electromagnetic pulse source to work;
the strong field excitation seed signal source is used for generating a strong field excitation seed signal according to the set working parameters under the control of the synchronous controller;
the continuous wave seed signal source is used for generating a continuous wave seed signal according to the set working parameters under the control of the synchronous controller;
the strong electromagnetic pulse source is used for amplifying the strong field excitation seed signal under the control of the synchronous controller to generate a strong field excitation signal;
the high-power distribution network is used for equally dividing the strong field excitation signal into N paths;
the preposed power amplifier is used for amplifying the continuous wave seed signal and generating a continuous wave signal;
the circulator is used for realizing the unidirectional transmission of the continuous wave signal from the front power amplifier to the low-power division network;
the low-power division network is used for equally dividing the continuous wave signals into N paths;
the power synthesis network is used for synthesizing the N paths of equally divided strong field excitation signals and the N paths of continuous wave signals into N paths of signals;
the TEM antenna matrix is used for radiating continuous wave signals and strong field excitation signals synthesized into N paths of signals;
the receiving antenna is used for receiving the transmission electromagnetic signal under the condition that the artificial material or the non-artificial material exists on the artificial material testing window of the shielding camera bellows;
the high-power dividing module is used for equally dividing the transmission electromagnetic signals received by the receiving antenna into two paths;
the high-power band elimination filter is used for filtering strong field excitation signals in the transmission electromagnetic signals and reserving continuous wave signals;
the high-power band-pass filter is used for filtering continuous wave signals in the transmission electromagnetic signals, reserving strong-field excitation signals and reducing the amplitude of the strong-field excitation signals;
the signal acquisition module comprises 2 independent signal acquisition ports which are respectively used for receiving continuous wave signals and strong field excitation signals which are filtered by the high-power band-stop filter and the high-power band-pass filter.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein N and the maximum output power P of the strong electromagnetic pulse source satisfy the following relationship:
wherein, PsThe lowest withstand power of each link of the strong electromagnetic pulse transmission link is achieved.
3. The system for testing electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of artificial materials based on a co-aperture antenna array as claimed in claim 2, wherein N further satisfies the following condition:
N＝m2
wherein m is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.
4. The system for testing electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of artificial materials based on the common-aperture antenna array of claim 1, wherein each TEM antenna is composed of a coaxial feed source and an upper isosceles triangle polar plate and a lower isosceles triangle polar plate which are the same in size and form a certain included angle; the upper isosceles triangle polar plate is connected with a core wire of the coaxial feed source, and the lower isosceles triangle polar plate is connected with the ground of the coaxial feed source.
5. The system for testing electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of artificial materials based on the co-aperture antenna array as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distance d between the center of the TEM antenna array and the center of the artificial material testing window on the shielding dark box and the dimension L of the artificial material testing window on the shielding dark box satisfy the following relationship:
where θ is the 3dB beam angle of the TEM antenna matrix.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the 3dB beam angle θ of the P, TEM antenna array with maximum output power of the strong electromagnetic pulse source satisfies the following relationship:
wherein E isnThe electric field intensity required for the nonlinear conductive characteristic excitation of the artificial material.
7. The system for testing electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of artificial materials based on a common aperture antenna array as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high-power division network is composed of cascaded high-power dividers; the low-power division network is formed by cascading low-power dividers; the power synthesis network is composed of a plurality of power synthesizers; the TEM antenna array is an antenna area array which consists of N TEM antennas and has the dimension of m multiplied by m; wherein m is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.
8. The system for testing electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of artificial materials based on a co-aperture antenna array as claimed in claim 1, wherein the signal acquisition module is a spectrum analyzer.
9. A method for testing electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of artificial materials based on a common-aperture antenna array is characterized in that the testing method comprises a shielding effectiveness testing method based on continuous wave signal representation and a shielding effectiveness testing method based on strong electromagnetic pulse signal representation;
the shielding effectiveness testing method based on the continuous wave signal characterization comprises the following steps:
step 101, arranging an artificial material electromagnetic shielding effectiveness testing system based on a common aperture antenna array according to any one of claims 1 to 8 on a testing site;
102, cooperatively adjusting the output power of a strong electromagnetic pulse source and the distance d between the center of a TEM antenna matrix and the center of a test window of the artificial material of the shielding dark box to ensure that the artificial material is artificially testedThe excitation field E of the material is in [ E ]min1,Emax1]Flexible adjustment is carried out;
103, setting an artificial material testing window to be in an idle state, namely, no artificial material exists;
104, testing the frequency range [ f ] according to the shielding effectiveness of the artificial materialmin1,fmax1]Setting the output signal frequency of the continuous wave seed signal source to be fcw[i]，fcw[i]∈[fmin1,fmax1]I is 0,1,2 …, and fcw[0]＝fmin1(ii) a Setting the output signal frequency of the strong field excitation seed signal source as fhp[i]And f ishp[i]The following conditions are satisfied:
wherein, TwThe pulse width of the strong field excitation signal; meanwhile, the center frequency of a stop band of the high-power band-stop filter is set to be fhp[i]The stop band width is W1And W is1The following conditions are satisfied:
meanwhile, an acquisition port of the signal acquisition module connected with the high-power band-stop filter is set to be in a working state, and an acquisition port of the signal acquisition module connected with the high-power band-pass filter is set to be in a non-working state;
step 105, setting a synchronous controller to generate a time sequence trigger pulse, and triggering a strong field excitation seed signal source, a continuous wave seed signal source and a strong electromagnetic pulse source to work;
step 106, acquiring the frequency f through a signal acquisition modulecw[i]Continuous wave signal amplitude A output by high-power band-stop filtercw[i]；
Step 107, setting the output signal frequency of the continuous wave seed signal source as the next testing frequency fcw[i+1]If:
then the frequency f of the strong field excitation seed signal source is sethp[i+1]Comprises the following steps:
and adjusting the system to keep the size of the artificial material excitation strong field E unchanged, and setting the center frequency of the stop band of the high-power band-stop filter to be fhp[i+1]；
Otherwise, setting the frequency f of the strong field excitation seed signal sourcehp[i+1]Comprises the following steps:
fhp[i+1]＝fhp[i]
meanwhile, the center frequency of a stop band of the high-power band-stop filter is set to be fhp[i+1]；
Step 108, repeating the step 105 to the step 107 to obtain the test frequency [ f ] under the conditions that the artificial material is not loaded in the test window of the artificial material of the shielding dark box and the excitation strong field is Emin1,fmax1]Set of continuous wave signal amplitudes transmitted in range Acw：
Acw＝{Acw[i]|i＝0,1,2,…}
Step 109, setting the artificial material testing window to be in a loading state, namely, artificial materials exist; repeating the steps 104 to 107 to obtain the artificial material, and testing the frequency [ f ] under the condition that the excitation intensity field is Emin1,fmax1]Set of in-range transmitted electromagnetic signal amplitudes Bcw：
Bcw＝{Bcw[i]|i＝0,1,2,…}
Step 110, calculating the excitation intensity field as E, the artificial material is in [ f [ ]min1,fmax1]Shielding effectiveness in the frequency range:
SEcw＝{SEcw[i]|i＝0,1,2,…}
wherein:
step 111, changing the size of the excitation intensity field of the artificial material, and repeating the steps 103 to 110 to obtain the excitation intensity field [ E ] concernedmin1,Emax1]、[fmin1,fmax1]Electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of artificial material in frequency range, and further completing the characterization based on continuous wave signals, and the artificial material under different excitation intensity fieldsmin1,fmax1]Testing the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness in a frequency range;
the shielding effectiveness testing method based on strong electromagnetic pulse signal characterization comprises the following steps:
step 201, arranging an artificial material electromagnetic shielding effectiveness testing system based on a common aperture antenna array according to any one of claims 1 to 8 at a testing site;
step 202, the strong electromagnetic pulse field intensity E is adjusted to be [ E ] through the cooperative adjustment of the output power of the strong electromagnetic pulse source and the distance d between the center of the TEM antenna matrix and the center of the artificial material test window of the shielding dark boxmin2,Emax2]Flexible adjustment is carried out;
step 203, setting the artificial material testing window to be in an idle state, namely, no artificial material exists;
step 204, testing the frequency range [ f ] according to the shielding effectiveness of the artificial materialmin2,fmax2]Setting the output signal frequency of the high-field excitation seed signal source as fhp[i]，fhp[i]∈[fmin2,fmax2]I is 0,1,2 …, and fhp[0]＝fmin2(ii) a Meanwhile, the center frequency of the passband of the high-power band-pass filter is set to be fhp[i]Setting the pass band width of the high-power band-pass filter as W2And W is2The following conditions are satisfied:
meanwhile, an acquisition port of the signal acquisition module, which is connected with the high-power band-pass filter, is set to be in a working state, and an acquisition port of the signal acquisition module, which is connected with the high-power band-stop filter, is set to be in a non-working state;
step 205, setting a synchronous controller to generate a timing trigger pulse, and triggering a strong field excitation seed signal source and a strong electromagnetic pulse source to work;
step 206, obtaining the frequency f through the signal acquisition modulehp[i]Strong electromagnetic pulse amplitude A output by time-passing high-power band-pass filterhp[i]；
Step 207, setting the output signal frequency of the high-field excitation seed signal source as the next testing frequency fhp[i+1]Adjusting the system to keep the E size of the artificial material excitation strong field unchanged, and setting the center frequency of the passband of the high-power band-pass filter to be fhp[i+1]；
Step 208, repeating the steps 205 to 207, and obtaining the test frequency [ f ] under the conditions that the artificial material is not loaded in the test window of the artificial material of the shielding dark box and the excitation strong field is Emin2,fmax2]Set of high field signal amplitudes transmitted in range Ahp：
Ahp＝{Ahp[i]|i＝0,1,2,…}
Step 209, setting the artificial material test window to be in a loading state, namely, artificial materials exist; repeating the step 204 to the step 207 to obtain the artificial material, and testing the frequency [ f ] under the condition that the excitation intensity field is Emin2,fmax2]Set of in-range transmitted electromagnetic signal amplitudes Bhp：
Bhp＝{Bhp[i]|i＝0,1,2,…}
Step 210, calculating the excitation intensity field as E, the artificial material is in [ f [ ]min2,fmax2]Shielding effectiveness in the frequency range:
SEhp＝{SEhp[i]|i＝0,1,2,…}
wherein:
step 211, changing the size of the artificial material excitation strong field, repeating the steps 203-210 to obtain the concerned frequency range [ fmin2,fmax2]Internal field intensity range [ Emin2,Emax2]The electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the artificial material represented by the strong electromagnetic pulse field is further tested based on the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the artificial material represented by the strong electromagnetic pulse signal.
10. The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the step 104 and the step 204 are performed in a full band test, wherein f is a function of the total frequency bandmin1＝fmin2＝10kHz，fmax1＝fmax2＝40GHz。
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