CN113475334A

CN113475334A - Production method of rice rich in anthocyanin

Info

Publication number: CN113475334A
Application number: CN202110904198.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘兴明
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-08-06
Filing date: 2021-08-06
Publication date: 2021-10-08

Abstract

A method for producing rice rich in anthocyanin comprises the steps of cultivating and breeding existing excellent rice, and is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of firstly, hybridizing the orychophragmus ambaris which is rich in anthocyanin with rice to produce a female parent material of the rice which is rich in anthocyanin, preferably shaping after years of cultivation, then hybridizing with a rice variety with the same growth period and excellent quality (or called compound cross), preferably shaping, then reproducing core seeds of the rice which is rich in anthocyanin, cultivating and preferably, then reproducing field seeds of the rice which is rich in anthocyanin by a one-line method, and reproducing rice products which are rich in anthocyanin. The rice is rich in anthocyanin components, and has the advantages of high yield and low production cost.

Description

Production method of rice rich in anthocyanin

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for breeding rice in agricultural production, in particular to a method for producing rice rich in anthocyanin.

Background

The indica type three-line hybrid rice in the agricultural science and technology field of China opened a brand new page in the production history of human rice since the 70 s in the 20 th century, and made China the first country in the world to successfully cultivate hybrid rice and apply the hybrid rice to production in a large area. Although the genetic hybrid rice has many advantages and benefits, the genetic hybrid rice also has the following disadvantages: although the yield is high, the high-quality rice is small, and the resistance to microclimate changes including high temperature, low cold, overcast and rainy weather is poor. Moreover, the seed production difficulty is high, the condition requirement is strict, the seed production cost is high, and the seeds of each generation need to be produced again every year. And when the stem leaves of the rice, namely the rice straws, are used as animal feed, the defects of poor palatability and low nutritional value exist.

In recent years, professor of yihaoxiang et al ('rice x miscanthus hybridization research initial report', yihaoxiang et al, … … 1981 12 months in 1981) disclosed a hybridization study between rice and miscanthus: huda Li in 1977The success of the hybridization of the rice and the miscanthus floridulus is reported again. Although they used the rice-Miscanthus floridulus as the material of choice, the original hybridization procedure was repeated. The specific process is as follows: the hybrid parent still selects the original rice variety widely selected early as the main female parent and increases 75P₁₂The variety is an auxiliary female parent. The male parent still selects local wild Miscanthus floridulus, continues to use the original hybridization program, and adopts more strict isolation, emasculation, ear trimming, pesticide removal, pollination and bagging, and the high-level emasculation control rice ears are more (… …). Despite the many reports, mass production and large area applications have not been established for nearly more than twenty years, because the methods they employ have problems and drawbacks, and only remain in the experimental stage.

Anthocyanins (also known as anthocyanidins) belong to the class of bioflavonoids, the most important physiological functions of which are the radical scavenging and antioxidant activities. The research proves that the anthocyanin is the most effective antioxidant found by people at present and is the most effective free radical scavenger, the antioxidant performance of the anthocyanin is 50 times higher than that of VE and 20 times higher than that of VC, the anthocyanin has the effects of scavenging and inhibiting active oxygen such as-OH, H2O 2 and the like, particularly the scavenging capability of the anthocyanin to-OH is stronger than that of ascorbic acid, and the scavenging effect and the concentration are in a dosage relationship. Can be used for treating cancer, heart disease, premature aging, and arthritis. The anthocyanin-enriched food can also prevent the occurrence of heart diseases and stroke, enhance immunity, reduce the frequency of cold, resist inflammation, relieve allergy, recover the elasticity of blood vessels, enhance the activity of cells, control blood pressure and the like, and the development and utilization of the natural anthocyanin-enriched food become the general trend of the times at present.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems, the invention develops a rice production method rich in anthocyanin, and solves the problems of the existing rice.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for producing rice rich in anthocyanin comprises the steps of cultivating and breeding existing excellent rice, and is characterized in that: firstly, producing female parent material of rice rich in anthocyanin, adopting low-temperature resistant high-quality late rice variety (the rice can still bloom poplar ears when the temperature is lower than 15 ℃ in 9 months) to hybridize with self-cultivated flos Bombacis Malabarici grass transplant pollen with the same pollen phase to prepare rice rich in anthocyanin, but not seeds and products of rice rich in anthocyanin, the process and the result are very difficult, the successful rice female parent material spike rich in anthocyanin has colorful color (purple takes more points and rice stalks show purple red), then further cultivating the rice female parent material rich in anthocyanin, cultivating and selecting for years, preferably setting, then hybridizing the rice female parent material rich in anthocyanin with rice with the same growth period and good quality (or called double crossing) under the condition that the rice female parent material rich in anthocyanin is not changed, after repeated crossing, cultivating and selecting for many years, and then optimally shaping, core seeds for rice rich in anthocyanin can be produced, then cultivating and selecting for many years, breeding field seeds of rice rich in anthocyanin by using a one-line method, and producing rice products rich in anthocyanin by using the one-line method.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for producing rice rich in anthocyanin is characterized in that: the anthocyanin ingredient in the orybaena biennis rich in anthocyanin is introduced into the female parent material of the rice rich in anthocyanin, the rice is a plant with stamen and flowers, the activity of male pollen in the rice is reduced at low temperature so that the male pollen cannot emerge, the pollen of the orybaena biennis rich in anthocyanin is pollinated and hybridized by using low-temperature emasculation and pollen of a transfer body of the orybaena biennis rich in anthocyanin, when the orybaena biennis rich in anthocyanin is pollinated with high-quality rice, the orybaena biennis rich in anthocyanin is carried out at ultralow temperature of 8-14 ℃ (the limit low temperature of domestic conventional rice is 21-23.5 ℃), the time must be selected in the middle and late 9 months, the air temperature is reduced before and after cold exposure, the temperature is controlled at 8-14 ℃, and the conventional rice has no yield after the middle and is not produced.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for producing rice rich in anthocyanin is characterized in that the orychophragmus ambaris rich in anthocyanin, which is the same as the pollen stage of high-quality rice, is a self-cultivated perennial herbaceous plant rich in anthocyanin, an evergreen herbaceous plant, the highest anthocyanin content reaches 2.66mg/kg, the orychophragmus ambaris rich in anthocyanin has strong adaptability, flowers and seeds are grown from high to low in September, is a xerophyte, has developed root systems, more fibrous roots and strong soil consolidation capability, upright stems, clusters and strong tillering capability, reaches dozens of plants per cluster, is drought-resistant, stain-resistant, barren-resistant and strong soil breaking capability, can adapt to various soils, has strong regeneration capability, can grow new buds by underground roots after being shoveled or burnt on the ground, can grow again and again after touching the ground seeds, can grow again and again after being planted for the first year, no human control is needed, the plant height is about 140 cm, the leaves are narrow, the plant is greenish, the stem is hard and slightly purplish red, the tillering grows to 9 months later, the ears and flowers emerge, and the plant withers in winter.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for producing rice rich in anthocyanin adds the characteristic that the transplanting pollen of the rice rich in anthocyanin which is the same as the pollen of high-quality rice is hybridized, the low-temperature resistant and cold soaking resistant excellent late rice variety is selected, the low-temperature resistant and cold soaking resistant excellent late rice variety is rice of 'Xiang late indica type 7', the anthocyanin rich gumbo grass transplanting hybridization is adopted, the method of combining manpower with natural strengthening insect pollination is adopted, the low-temperature resistant and cold soaking resistant rice variety 'Xiang late indica type 7' is selected at the edge of the ridge of the field corner, 8 days before the ear emergence of the rice of 'Xiang late indica type 7', pesticide is not sprayed in the field, water is drained, the standard is that the foot is printed, the foot is not stained with mud, the preparation for the transplanting pollen of the rice rich in anthocyanin is made before the ear emergence of the rice is not raised, the natural strengthening insect pollination is adopted, firstly, preparing brown sugar water with the concentration of 5-10 percent (weight), spraying the brown sugar water on a plant rich in anthocyanin oryza odorata by a clean sprayer until the sugar water flows to the edge of a rhizome, then cutting the oryza odorata rich in anthocyanin into an inclined shape from the rhizome, transplanting the inclined shape to be inserted around the fine rice variety 'Xiang late long-shaped No. 7' which is resistant to low temperature and cold soaking, wherein the ear of the oryza odorata rich in anthocyanin is 5-8 inches higher than that of the rice of 'Xiang late long-shaped No. 7', spraying the red sugar water to provide nutrition for the plant, keeping the root part of the oryza odorata rich in anthocyanin moist, preventing drying, improving the survival rate of cuttage of the oryza odorata rich in anthocyanin, enhancing the attraction of insects for pollination, wherein bees are sugared, and the work is finished, the low temperature resistant and cold soaking fine rice variety 'Xiang 7' is not yet poplar, spraying the prepared brown sugar water on the entire plant of the leaves and stems of the oryza muguerite rich in the anthocyanin and the whole plant of the rice by using a sprayer when the dew is dry, and when the humidity standard reaches the same shape as the dew, starting from the second day of pollination and 11 am every day after the first day of pollination, noting that the spikes of the oryza muguerite rich in the anthocyanin cannot be sprayed; 30 to 3 pm; about 30, spraying brown sugar water which is prepared in proportion once respectively, wherein the spraying standard in the morning is that the shape of dew attached to the leaf and stem of cogongrass is the same as that of the whole rice plant, the spraying standard in the afternoon reaches the shape of dew dropped on the plant, the pollination time lasts for more than one week, after the pollination is finished for one week, rice female parent series material grains which are rich in anthocyanin are shriveled grains on the rice plant in the pollination field after the pollination is successful, and rice husks are light in color such as light, purple, purplish red, black and the like, so that the female series material for producing the rice which is rich in anthocyanin is obtained, but the seeds and the finished products of the rice which are rich in anthocyanin are obtained.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for producing rice rich in anthocyanin is characterized in that the female parent line material of the rice rich in anthocyanin is hybridized with a rice variety with the same growth period and excellent quality, called male parent line hybridization, namely, after the hybridization is carried out, the inner part of the rice ear of the female parent line rich in anthocyanin is the core seed of the rice rich in anthocyanin, and after one line method is selected for breeding through single plant cultivation for many years, the rice ear can be used for field planting to produce the rice product rich in anthocyanin.

The invention has the advantages that 1) the yield is high, and compared with the hybrid rice of the same type, the yield can be improved by 10-15%. 2) The rice has excellent quality and good quality, particularly the finished product of the rice and the stems and leaves are rich in anthocyanin ingredients, and the product of the invention is detected by the Beijing Zhongke chemical engineering committee in 2019 and detected by adopting a spectrophotometry method, wherein the contents of the rice and the stems and leaves are as follows: "Total anthocyanidin content 1.33mg/kg, pH (1% water soak) 7.32". The quality of the rice reaches the quality standard of the national first-grade quality requirement, and the detection result of the rice product produced by the invention by the rice and product quality supervision and inspection test center of the Ministry of agriculture shows that the coarse rice rate, the fine rice rate, the whole rice and fine rice rate, the alkali digestion value and the protein accord with the first-grade rice product standard, and the grain length and the glue consistency accord with the second-grade regulation. 3) The product of the invention can be sowed in the open air within the range of 11 ℃ and the low limit, has good resistance to bad climates such as high temperature, low cold, overcast and rainy days, and the like, and particularly has strong drought resistance, and compared with the rice of the same type, the drought resistance of the product can be improved by 20 percent, and compared with the corn, the product is called as a dry crop, and the practice proves that: the yield per mu is 500kg, only 250 and 300 cubic meters of rice are consumed, and only 50 percent of water consumption is consumed by three lines of rice. 4) The invention has the advantages of strong photosynthesis, excellent light receiving performance, strong photosynthesis, maturity 3-5 days earlier than the same type of rice under the same condition, and short time for the next-level crops. 5) The seed production cost is greatly reduced in production, and the seed production does not need to be repeated every year. The labor intensity of workers can be greatly reduced, and the production efficiency of farmers can be improved.

Description of the drawings FIG. 1 is a schematic process flow diagram of the present invention

Detailed description of the inventiontechnical content of the present invention will now be further described with reference to fig. 1.

Embodiments of the invention are further described with reference to figure 1:

the invention is implemented in the middle and late ten days of 9 months to castrate rice by using low temperature, when the oryza biennis [3] rich in anthocyanin is just flowering, 5% -10% concentration red sugar water solution [1] [2] is sprayed on the cogongrass [3], then the oryza biennis [3] is cut into an oblique shape from the rhizome part, the transplant is planted in the pollinated paddy field [4], then 5% -10% concentration red sugar water solution [1] is sprayed on the selected pollinated paddy rice [4], the adopted paddy rice variety is 'late long indica No. 7', the oryza biennis transplant [3] rich in anthocyanin is inserted around the pollinated paddy rice [4], the ears of the oryza biennis [3] rich in anthocyanin are 5-8 inches higher than the ears of the paddy rice [4], and the prepared red sugar water is sprayed on the transplanting rice stem [4] rich in anthocyanin and the whole rice stem [4] by a sprayer when the rice is dried, 11 am each day from the second day of pollination; 30 to 3 pm; about 30, spraying brown sugar water [1] once for more than one week, after pollination is finished for one week, and after natural pollination combined hybridization, obtaining the rice female parent line material [5] rich in anthocyanin, wherein the grains after successful pollination are flat grains, and the rice hulls are light, purple red and black light, and are called as the rice female parent line material [5] rich in anthocyanin. And then cultivating and optimizing for many years, setting the anthocyanin-rich rice female parent line material [8] after [6], then carrying out natural pollination combination and compound crossing with high-quality rice (male parent line) [7], preparing the anthocyanin-rich nuclear rice core seed [9], cultivating the anthocyanin-rich rice seed [11] for the field by a one-line method after cultivating and optimizing for many years, and reproducing the anthocyanin-rich rice grain [12] product. This achieves the object of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for producing rice rich in anthocyanin comprises the steps of cultivating and breeding existing excellent rice, and is characterized in that: firstly, producing a female parent material of rice rich in anthocyanin, hybridizing self-cultivated rice-Musca cogongrass transplant pollen with the same pollen phase as that of low-temperature resistant high-quality late rice to prepare the female parent material of the rice rich in anthocyanin instead of rice seeds and products rich in anthocyanin, successfully hybridizing the rice female parent material rich in anthocyanin with rice varieties with the same growth period and good quality (or called as backcross) under the condition that the rice female parent material rich in anthocyanin is not changed after further cultivation and optimal setting for many years, breeding and selecting the core seeds of the rice rich in anthocyanin again after the backcross for many years, the method is characterized in that field seeds of rice rich in anthocyanin are bred by a one-line method, and rice products rich in anthocyanin are produced by the one-line method.

2. A method of producing rice rich in anthocyanidin according to claim 1, with the additional feature of: the method is characterized in that anthocyanin ingredients in the orybaena biennis rich in anthocyanin are introduced into a female parent system material of the rice rich in anthocyanin, the rice is a plant with stamens and flowers, low-temperature emasculation and pollen pollination hybridization of the orybaena biennis rich in anthocyanin are utilized, when the orybaena biennis rich in anthocyanin pollinates high-quality rice, ultralow temperature of 8-14 degrees is adopted (the limit low temperature of the domestic conventional rice is 21-23.5 degrees), the time is selected in the middle and the last ten days of 9 months, the air temperature is changed, and the temperature is controlled to be 8-14 degrees before and after cold exposure.

3. The method for producing anthocyanin-rich rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the anthocyanin-rich Equisetum hiemalis having the same pollen stage as that of high-quality rice is cultivated anthocyanin-rich perennial herbaceous plant, evergreen herbaceous plant, the highest anthocyanin-content of which is up to 2.66mg/kg, the anthocyanin-rich Equisetum hiemalis has strong adaptability, blossoming and seed-setting from high to low in September, is a xerophyte, has developed root system, more fibrous roots, strong soil-fixing ability, upright stems, rosette growth, strong tillering force, dozens of plants per rosette, drought resistance, stain resistance, barren resistance, strong soil-setting ability, adaptability to various soils, strong regeneration ability, after the ground part is shoveled or burned, new buds can grow as usual, roots can be grown after the seeds touch the ground, and rootstocks can continue to grow after the first year is artificially planted, the plant grows in the whole year without human control, the plant height is about 140 cm, the leaves are narrow, the green color is achieved, the stems are hard and slightly purplish red, the tillers grow to 9 months later, the ears and flowers emerge, and the plants are withered in winter.

4. The method for producing rice rich in anthocyanin is characterized in that the transplanting pollen rich in the anthocyanin rice Musca which is the same as the pollen of high-quality rice in the pollen period is hybridized, the low-temperature resistant and cold-soaking resistant excellent late rice variety is selected, the low-temperature resistant and cold-soaking resistant excellent late rice variety is rice of 'Xiang late indica No. 7', the method of combining manpower with natural reinforced insect pollination is adopted, the rice of the low-temperature resistant and cold-soaking resistant excellent late rice variety 'Xiang late indica No. 7' is selected at the edge of a ridge of a field corner, 8 days before the ear is pulled, pesticide is not beaten in the field, water is drained, the standard is printed on feet, the feet are not stained with mud, the preparation for transplanting the rice rich in the anthocyanin rice Musca is made before the ear is pulled, the method of reinforced natural insect pollination is adopted, firstly, red sugar water is prepared, the concentration of brown sugar water is 5-10 percent (weight), the brown sugar water is sprayed on the plant rich in anthocyanin rice-Musca cogongrass by a clean sprayer until the sugar water flows to the edge of a root stem, then the rice rich in anthocyanin rice-Musca cogongrass is cut into an inclined shape from the root stem, the inclined part is transplanted and inserted around the rice of the low-temperature-resistant and cold-soaking-resistant excellent late rice variety 'Xiang late long shaped No. 7', the ear of the rice rich in anthocyanin rice-Musca cogongrass is 5-8 inches higher than that of the rice of 'Xiang late long shaped No. 7', the purpose of spraying the red sugar water is to provide nutrition for the plant, the stem part of the rice rich in anthocyanin rice-Musca cogongrass is kept wet, the drying is prevented, the survival rate of the cuttage of the rice rich in anthocyanin rice-Musca cogongrass is improved, the pollination of insects is enhanced, the work is well done, the rice of 'Xianglate long shaped No. 7' rice is not provided with poplar flowers yet, the prepared brown sugar water is sprayed on the stem of the rice and the whole rice plant of the rice by the sprayer when the exposed water is dried, the situation that the ears of the guava and the cogongrass rich in anthocyanin cannot be sprayed is noticed, the humidity standard reaches the same shape as that of dew, and 11 am is carried out every day from the second day of pollination; 30 to 3 pm; about 30, spraying brown sugar water which is prepared in proportion once respectively, wherein the spraying standard in the morning is that the shape of dew attached to the leaf and stem of cogongrass is the same as that of the whole rice plant, the spraying standard in the afternoon reaches the shape of dew dropped on the plant, the pollination time lasts for more than one week, after the pollination is finished for one week, rice female parent series material grains which are rich in anthocyanin are shriveled grains on the rice plant in the pollination field after the pollination is successful, and rice husks are light in color such as light, purple, purplish red, black and the like, so that the female series material for producing the rice which is rich in anthocyanin is obtained, but the seeds and the finished products of the rice which are rich in anthocyanin are obtained.

5. The method for producing anthocyanin-rich rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the anthocyanin-rich rice is produced by subjecting the stable anthocyanin-rich rice female parent line material obtained through multi-year cultivation and the rice variety with the same growth period and excellent quality to hybridization again, wherein the rice is called as male parent line, the obtained anthocyanin-rich female parent line rice spike is the core seed of the anthocyanin-rich rice, and the anthocyanin-rich rice female parent line rice spike is bred through a one-line method through multi-year single-plant cutting and selection, and then can be used for the field to produce the anthocyanin-rich rice product.