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CN113309897A - 一种阀芯缓冲结构 - Google Patents

一种阀芯缓冲结构 Download PDF

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CN113309897A
CN113309897A CN202110860535.6A CN202110860535A CN113309897A CN 113309897 A CN113309897 A CN 113309897A CN 202110860535 A CN202110860535 A CN 202110860535A CN 113309897 A CN113309897 A CN 113309897A
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valve
valve core
floating sleeve
core
rod
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CN113309897B (zh
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张三丽
臧其刚
陈梅
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Pizhou Hongsheng Hydraulic Components Co ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K47/00Means in valves for absorbing fluid energy
    • F16K47/02Means in valves for absorbing fluid energy for preventing water-hammer or noise
    • F16K47/023Means in valves for absorbing fluid energy for preventing water-hammer or noise for preventing water-hammer, e.g. damping of the valve movement
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/32Details
    • F16K1/34Cutting-off parts, e.g. valve members, seats
    • F16K1/36Valve members
    • F16K1/38Valve members of conical shape
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/32Details
    • F16K1/34Cutting-off parts, e.g. valve members, seats
    • F16K1/42Valve seats
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/32Details
    • F16K1/34Cutting-off parts, e.g. valve members, seats
    • F16K1/46Attachment of sealing rings
    • F16K1/465Attachment of sealing rings to the valve seats
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/32Details
    • F16K1/48Attaching valve members to screw-spindles
    • F16K1/482Attaching valve members to screw-spindles with a collar on the spindle or a groove in the spindle, by which a fixing element is supported, the spindle reaching into the valve member
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K27/00Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
    • F16K27/02Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of lift valves
    • F16K27/0254Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of lift valves with conical shaped valve members
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K27/00Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
    • F16K27/08Guiding yokes for spindles; Means for closing housings; Dust caps, e.g. for tyre valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K47/00Means in valves for absorbing fluid energy
    • F16K47/04Means in valves for absorbing fluid energy for decreasing pressure or noise level, the throttle being incorporated in the closure member
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K47/00Means in valves for absorbing fluid energy
    • F16K47/08Means in valves for absorbing fluid energy for decreasing pressure or noise level and having a throttling member separate from the closure member, e.g. screens, slots, labyrinths

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Details Of Valves (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种阀芯缓冲结构,属于控制阀技术领域。包括阀体、阀芯、阀座、阀盖和阀杆;阀体阀芯孔的内壁具有节流台阶,节流台阶下端具有挡台;阀芯圆周面上具有限位台阶,阀芯上套装有弹簧和浮动套;在阀芯圆周面设置有用于对浮动套限位的轴用挡圈;节流台阶的内表面为锥形面;浮动套的外表面为锥形面,浮动套与挡台轴向相对;浮动套的外表面开设有导流槽。本发明阀芯启闭过程中,浮动套与节流台阶之间形成变节流通道,缓冲流体冲击;缓冲结构不影响阀芯的正常移动,阀芯与阀杆刚性连接,便于操作人员准确的控制阀芯位置,控制流体流量。

Description

一种阀芯缓冲结构
技术领域
本发明涉及控制阀技术领域,具体涉及一种阀芯缓冲结构。
背景技术
控制阀是流体输送系统中的控制部件,具有截止、调节、导流、防止逆流、稳压、分流或溢流泄压等功能;用于流体控制系统的控制阀,从最简单的截止阀到极为复杂的自控系统中所用的各种控制阀,其品种和规格相当繁多。
控制阀的阀芯在启闭阶段会受到流体冲击,容易产生振动和噪音,因此阀芯一般会增加一些缓冲结构。例如中国专利公开的一种新型降噪发动机缓冲阀芯(CN212959870U),如图3所示,包括阀座及阀芯,阀座为圆柱形,阀座的侧面环绕有壳体,壳体的内部设有缓冲腔,缓冲腔的底部与出油管的内部相通,阀座及阀芯设置于缓冲腔的内部的底部,阀座的内部设有数个油管道,阀座的中部设有滑动槽,滑动槽内安装有阀芯,阀芯的底部设有滑动杆,滑动杆的内部设有缓冲槽,滑动杆的顶端设有缓冲块,缓冲槽的内部设有弹簧,弹簧的底端设有垫块,滑动杆安装于滑动槽的内部,垫块安装于滑动槽的内部的底端,滑动杆的侧面底部设有滑块,滑动槽的顶部设有与阀座连接的挡块,通过缓冲阀芯的缓冲块向下移动减小缓冲阀的流量,使缓冲阀以较为简单的结构就能够实现缓冲的作用。
上述技术中,通过增加弹簧,将阀芯设置为浮动状态,以起到缓冲作用,其存在的不足是:由于阀芯可浮动,通过阀杆操作阀芯时,阀杆的位移与阀芯的位移并不是对应的,这影响操作人员的判断,流体压力不同时,行程也会有区别;阀芯的浮动与弹簧弹力和流体压力有关,阀芯并不稳定,不能保证阀芯启闭状态的可靠性和流量的稳定性。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供一种阀芯缓冲结构,通过将阀芯主体和缓冲结构分置,在缓冲结构起作用的时候,不影响阀芯的正常启闭行程。
本发明采用如下技术方案:本发明提供一种阀芯缓冲结构,包括阀体,阀体上开设有进口管路和出口管路;所述阀体的阀芯孔中安装有阀芯,阀芯孔内壁具有与阀芯配合的阀座,阀芯孔上端安装有阀盖;所述阀芯上连接有阀杆,阀杆穿过阀盖;所述阀体阀芯孔的内壁具有节流台阶,节流台阶下端具有挡台,挡台位于阀座上方;所述阀芯圆周面上具有限位台阶,阀芯上套装有弹簧和浮动套;所述浮动套位于弹簧的下方,在阀芯圆周面设置有用于对浮动套限位的轴用挡圈;所述节流台阶的内表面为锥形面;所述浮动套的外表面为锥形面,浮动套与挡台轴向相对;所述浮动套的外表面开设有导流槽。
其进一步是:所述挡台上开设有节流孔,节流孔连通挡台下侧面和节流台阶的内侧面。
所述阀座内壁开设有阶梯沉槽,阶梯沉槽中安装有密封圈;所述阀芯下端为锥形体,阀芯锥形面压在阶梯沉槽上端和密封圈上。
所述阀芯上端面轴心开设螺纹盲孔,阀杆下端通过螺纹连接安装在阀芯上端的螺纹盲孔中;在所述阀杆下端安装有下紧固螺母,下紧固螺母压紧在阀芯上端面。
所述阀杆下端套装有弹性垫,弹性垫下端轴心开设有沉孔,所述下紧固螺母位于弹性垫沉孔中;所述弹性垫上方设有一个通过螺纹连接安装在阀杆上的上紧固螺母,上紧固螺母压紧在弹性垫上端面;所述阀盖下侧面为平面,阀盖下侧面开设有与上紧固螺母相对的沉孔。
所述阀杆与阀盖之间采用螺纹连接;阀杆为手动阀杆或电动阀杆。
本发明的有益效果在于:阀芯启闭过程中,流体推动浮动套,浮动套与节流台阶之间形成变节流通道,缓冲流体冲击;浮动套与节流台阶构成的缓冲结构不影响阀芯的正常移动,阀芯与阀杆刚性连接,便于操作人员准确的控制阀芯位置,控制流体流量。
通过在阀座上开设阶梯沉槽,安装密封圈,提高阀芯的闭合密封性,避免阀芯泄漏。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明闭合时结构示意图。
图2是本发明闭合过程中结构示意图。
图3是背景技术中所述的一种缓冲阀芯。
附图标记说明:1、阀体;1-1、进口管路;1-2、出口管路;1-3、阀座;1-31、阶梯沉槽;1-4、挡台;1-41、节流孔;1-5、节流台阶;2、阀芯;2-1、限位台阶;3、下紧固螺母;4、上紧固螺母;5、阀杆;6、阀盖;7、弹簧;8、轴用挡圈;9、浮动套;9-1、导流槽;10、弹性垫;11、密封圈。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
如图1和图2所示,一种阀芯缓冲结构,阀体1上开设有进口管路1-1和出口管路1-2,通过进口管路1-1和出口管路1-2安装阀体1。阀体1的阀芯孔中安装有阀芯2,阀芯孔内壁具有阀座1-3,阀芯2与阀座1-3配合。阀芯孔上端安装有阀盖6,阀芯2上连接有阀杆5,阀杆5穿过阀盖6。阀杆5与阀盖6之间采用螺纹连接,阀杆5为手动阀杆或电动阀杆。通过阀杆5转动,控制阀芯2的上下移动。
阀体1阀芯孔的内壁具有节流台阶1-5,节流台阶1-5的内表面为锥形面。节流台阶1-5下端具有挡台1-4,挡台1-4、节流台阶1-5、阀体1是一体式结构。挡台1-4、节流台阶1-5均位于阀座1-3上方。
阀芯2圆周面上具有限位台阶2-1,限位台阶2-1下设置弹簧7和浮动套9。弹簧7和浮动套9均套装在阀芯2上,浮动套9位于弹簧7的下方。阀芯2上套装有弹簧7和浮动套9。浮动套9位于弹簧7的下方,在阀芯2圆周面开槽,槽内设置轴用挡圈8。轴用挡圈8用于对浮动套9限位,在自由状态下,浮动套9压在轴用挡圈8上,弹簧7提供推力。浮动套9与挡台1-4轴向相对,闭合时,浮动套9压在挡台1-4上。
浮动套9的外表面为锥形面,浮动套9与节流台阶1-5之间形成变节流通道。浮动套9的外表面开设有导流槽9-1,流体通过变节流通道和导流槽9-1时,提高了浮动套9的稳定性,防止了浮动套9大幅度转动。挡台1-4上开设有节流孔1-41,节流孔1-41连通挡台1-4下侧面和节流台阶1-5的内侧面。节流孔1-41始终提供一个流体通过的通道,在阀芯2启闭阶段,防止憋压。
阀座1-3内壁开设有阶梯沉槽1-31,阶梯沉槽1-31中安装有密封圈11。阀芯2下端为锥形体。阀芯2闭合时,阀芯2锥形面压在阶梯沉槽1-31上端和密封圈11上,此时密封圈11受到一定的压力,提供密封性。
阀杆5、阀芯2之间采用螺纹连接。阀杆5下端通过螺纹连接安装在阀芯2上端的螺纹盲孔中。在阀杆5下端安装有下紧固螺母3,下紧固螺母3压紧在阀芯2上端面,确保阀杆5、阀芯2连接可靠。
弹性垫10套装在阀杆5下端,弹性垫10下端轴心开设有沉孔,用于放置下紧固螺母3。弹性垫10上方设有上紧固螺母4,上紧固螺母4压紧在弹性垫10上端面,保证弹性垫10的稳定性。阀盖6下侧面为平面,阀盖6下侧面开设有与上紧固螺母4相对的沉孔。阀芯2开启后,上紧固螺母4进入阀盖6下侧面沉孔,弹性垫10抵在阀盖6下侧面,起到缓冲作用,减少冲击和振动噪音。
工作原理:阀芯2闭合时,浮动套9开始进入节流台阶1-5,浮动套9与节流台阶1-5之间形成节流通道,随着阀芯2继续下降,节流通道变小,增大缓冲。阀芯2闭合后,浮动套9压在挡台1-4上,流体通过节流孔1-41流通,防止行程末端憋压。
本实施例中阀芯2启闭过程,流体推动浮动套9,浮动套9与节流台阶1-5之间形成变节流通道,缓冲流体冲击;浮动套9与节流台阶1-5构成的缓冲结构不影响阀芯2的正常移动,阀芯2与阀杆5刚性连接,便于操作人员准确的控制阀芯2位置,控制流体流量。
显然,本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样,倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内,则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (6)

1.一种阀芯缓冲结构,包括阀体(1),阀体(1)上开设有进口管路(1-1)和出口管路(1-2);所述阀体(1)的阀芯孔中安装有阀芯(2),阀芯孔内壁具有与阀芯(2)配合的阀座(1-3),阀芯孔上端安装有阀盖(6);所述阀芯(2)上连接有阀杆(5),阀杆(5)穿过阀盖(6);其特征在于:
所述阀体(1)阀芯孔的内壁具有节流台阶(1-5),节流台阶(1-5)下端具有挡台(1-4),挡台(1-4)位于阀座(1-3)上方;所述阀芯(2)圆周面上具有限位台阶(2-1),阀芯(2)上套装有弹簧(7)和浮动套(9);所述浮动套(9)位于弹簧(7)的下方,在阀芯(2)圆周面设置有用于对浮动套(9)限位的轴用挡圈(8);
所述节流台阶(1-5)的内表面为锥形面;所述浮动套(9)的外表面为锥形面,浮动套(9)与挡台(1-4)轴向相对;所述浮动套(9)的外表面开设有导流槽(9-1)。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种阀芯缓冲结构,其特征在于,所述挡台(1-4)上开设有节流孔(1-41),节流孔(1-41)连通挡台(1-4)下侧面和节流台阶(1-5)的内侧面。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种阀芯缓冲结构,其特征在于,所述阀座(1-3)内壁开设有阶梯沉槽(1-31),阶梯沉槽(1-31)中安装有密封圈(11);所述阀芯(2)下端为锥形体,阀芯(2)锥形面压在阶梯沉槽(1-31)上端和密封圈(11)上。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种阀芯缓冲结构,其特征在于,所述阀芯(2)上端面轴心开设螺纹盲孔,阀杆(5)下端通过螺纹连接安装在阀芯(2)上端的螺纹盲孔中;在所述阀杆(5)下端安装有下紧固螺母(3),下紧固螺母(3)压紧在阀芯(2)上端面。
5.如权利要求4所述的一种阀芯缓冲结构,其特征在于,所述阀杆(5)下端套装有弹性垫(10),弹性垫(10)下端轴心开设有沉孔,所述下紧固螺母(3)位于弹性垫(10)沉孔中;所述弹性垫(10)上方设有一个通过螺纹连接安装在阀杆(5)上的上紧固螺母(4),上紧固螺母(4)压紧在弹性垫(10)上端面;所述阀盖(6)下侧面为平面,阀盖(6)下侧面开设有与上紧固螺母(4)相对的沉孔。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种阀芯缓冲结构,其特征在于,所述阀杆(5)与阀盖(6)之间采用螺纹连接;阀杆(5)为手动阀杆或电动阀杆。
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