CN113224974A - Bidirectional vibration energy collecting device - Google Patents
Bidirectional vibration energy collecting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113224974A CN113224974A CN202110447564.XA CN202110447564A CN113224974A CN 113224974 A CN113224974 A CN 113224974A CN 202110447564 A CN202110447564 A CN 202110447564A CN 113224974 A CN113224974 A CN 113224974A
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- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical group [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000807 Ga alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 22
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
- H02N2/188—Vibration harvesters adapted for resonant operation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
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- General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a bidirectional vibration energy collecting device which comprises a base, a supporting upright post, a lantern ring, a supporting spring, a linkage spring, an energy conversion cantilever beam, a top seat and a guide rod, wherein the supporting upright post is arranged on the base; a plurality of guide rods are vertically arranged below the top seat, the guide rods correspond to the supporting springs one by one, the supporting springs are sleeved outside the guide rods, the top ends of the supporting springs are connected with the top seat, the bottom ends of the supporting springs are connected with the lantern ring, and the bottom ends of the guide rods penetrate through the lower part of the lantern ring and are in movable fit with the lower part of the lantern ring; the linkage spring is in one-to-one correspondence with the energy conversion cantilever beams, the top ends of the linkage springs are connected to the lantern ring, the bottom ends of the linkage springs are connected with one ends of the energy conversion cantilever beams, the other ends of the energy conversion cantilever beams are connected to the base, so that the linkage springs are in linkage with the energy conversion cantilever beams, and mechanical energy is converted into electric energy through the energy conversion cantilever beams. The invention realizes bidirectional energy collection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy conversion, and particularly relates to a bidirectional vibration energy collecting device.
Background
In recent years, attention has been paid to environmental vibration energy harvesting techniques that enable the normal operation of wireless electronic devices without batteries, converting environmental mechanical energy caused by vibration into electrical energy. In fact, mechanical vibration energy from anywhere can be harvested. Natural or artificial vibrations are useful mechanical energy sources, but in these environments the vibration frequency is usually very low, the opposite stress variations can be very high, the energy is converted into electrical energy by the strong magnetic coupling provided by the magnetic material, this method can overcome some difficulties in wiring or replacing batteries, etc., it reduces installation and maintenance costs, while still maintaining high robustness and compactness.
Piezoelectric materials have been successfully used for vibrational energy harvesting devices, however they exhibit some limitations because of their relatively low energy density due to depolarization effects, which can be addressed by using magnetostrictive materials. The giant magnetostrictive material (Galfenol) is a novel intelligent material, has the characteristics of excellent mechanical-magnetic coupling characteristic, strong stress impact resistance, large mechanical-magnetic coupling coefficient, high power density, sensitive piezomagnetic induction, high speed, strong load capacity, high reliability and the like, and is suitable for collecting vibration energy generated by human walking in the vibration energy collection platform. Therefore, the vibration energy collecting technology research based on the giant magnetostrictive material is developed, the development of a novel efficient vibration energy collecting platform is promoted, and the vibration energy collecting platform has important scientific research significance and application prospect.
The giant magnetostrictive material Galfenol is an intelligent material and can realize bidirectional reversible conversion between mechanical energy and magnetic energy. In the vibration energy collecting device based on the Galfenol material, the deficiency of the energy supply mode in the traditional micro device can be made up. The magnetostrictive vibration energy collecting device converts mechanical vibration energy into magnetic energy and then into electric energy based on the Villari effect of magnetostrictive materials. The vilari effect, also called piezomagnetic effect, of the magnetostrictive material is a phenomenon that when the Galfenol material is subjected to stress and bending deformation occurs, the magnetic flux density inside the material changes due to periodic bending deformation. When the magnetostrictive material is acted by an external force, the magnetization state is changed, and the changed magnetic field generates induction current in the induction coil based on the law of electromagnetic induction, so that mechanical energy is converted into magnetic energy, and then the magnetic energy is converted into electric energy.
The piezoelectric material can convert any vibration energy into electric energy, and compared with electromagnetic and electrostatic vibration energy collecting modes, the mode has the advantages of good force-electricity conversion performance, no need of an additional power supply and high obtained energy density, so that the piezoelectric material is widely applied to aspects of energy engineering, intelligent devices, information technology and the like. The mechanism of piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting devices is based on the direct piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric materials to convert mechanical vibration energy into electrical energy. When receiving certain fixed direction exogenic action, piezoelectric material can produce deformation, and the inside electric polarization phenomenon that produces the electric charge of equivalent abnormal sign on two surfaces simultaneously, and the area density of electric charge is directly proportional with the size of the exogenic force that receives, when external force withdraws the back, resumes to uncharged state again, and when the exogenic action direction changes, the polarity of electric charge also changes thereupon, from this converts mechanical vibration energy into the electric energy.
Based on this, there is a need for a new type of vibration energy harvesting device.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above-mentioned shortcomings and drawbacks of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to at least solve one or more of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, in other words, to provide a bidirectional vibration energy harvesting device that satisfies one or more of the above-mentioned needs.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a bidirectional vibration energy collecting device comprises a base, a supporting upright post, a lantern ring, a supporting spring, a linkage spring, an energy conversion cantilever beam, a top seat and a guide rod, wherein the supporting upright post is arranged on the base, the lantern ring is sleeved outside the supporting upright post, and the lantern ring can only move along the axial direction of the supporting upright post; the guide rods are vertically arranged below the top seat, the guide rods correspond to the support springs one to one, the support springs are sleeved outside the corresponding guide rods, the top ends of the support springs are connected with the top seat, the bottom ends of the support springs are connected with the lantern ring, the bottom ends of the guide rods penetrate through the lower part of the lantern ring, and the guide rods are movably matched with the lantern ring; the linkage spring is in one-to-one correspondence with the energy conversion cantilever beams, the top ends of the linkage springs are connected to the lantern ring, the bottom ends of the linkage springs are connected with one ends of the energy conversion cantilever beams, the other ends of the energy conversion cantilever beams are connected to the base, so that the linkage springs are in linkage with the energy conversion cantilever beams, and mechanical energy is converted into electric energy through the energy conversion cantilever beams.
Preferably, when the top seat is positioned above the base, namely when the top seat is installed in the forward direction, the linkage spring is a compression spring; when the base is located the top seat top, when reverse installation promptly, the linkage spring is extension spring.
Preferably, the energy conversion cantilever comprises a metal substrate and piezoelectric films arranged on local areas of upper and lower plate surfaces of the metal substrate.
As a preferred scheme, the energy conversion cantilever beam comprises a metal substrate and magnetostrictive sheets arranged in local areas of upper and lower plate surfaces of the metal substrate, and an induction coil is wound and wrapped between the magnetostrictive sheets of the upper and lower plate surfaces; a magnet is arranged on the metal substrate corresponding to the induction coil; the magnetic pole direction of the magnet is parallel to the axial direction of the metal substrate.
Preferably, the magnetostrictive sheet is an iron-gallium alloy.
Preferably, the metal substrate is made of beryllium bronze.
Preferably, the collar has a through hole corresponding to each guide rod for insertion of the guide rod.
Preferably, the support column is provided with a vertical limiting groove, and correspondingly, the inner ring of the lantern ring is provided with a lug matched with the limiting groove, so that the lantern ring can only move along the axial direction of the support column.
Preferably, the guide rods are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the lantern ring.
Preferably, the linkage springs are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the support upright post.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the bidirectional vibration energy collecting device can be used in a forward and backward mode, can be applied to various occasions such as soles of shoes and various mechanical equipment accompanied with vibration during working, and has the advantages of wide sources of collected vibration energy, simple structure, easiness in processing and convenience in installation;
(2) intelligent materials (piezoelectric films or magnetostrictive sheets) on the energy conversion cantilever beam are adhered and distributed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the metal substrate, so that more energy is collected;
(3) the bidirectional vibration energy collecting device can change the resonant frequency of the system by adjusting the elastic coefficient of the linkage spring according to the frequency characteristics of different vibration source signals, is suitable for the frequency characteristics of different excitation signals, and improves the energy conversion efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a bidirectional vibration energy harvesting device of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an energy conversion cantilever beam in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the bidirectional vibration energy harvesting device of embodiment 2 of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of an energy conversion cantilever beam in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will explain the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some examples of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings and embodiments can be derived from them without inventive effort.
Example 1:
the bidirectional vibration energy collecting device comprises a base 1, a supporting upright 2, a lantern ring 3, four supporting springs 4, four linkage springs 5, four energy conversion cantilever beams 6, a top seat 7 and four guide rods 8.
The base 1 of the embodiment is a hollow cylinder structure with an open top, and the support upright post 2 is vertically arranged in the middle of the base 1; the lantern ring 3 is sleeved outside the supporting upright post 2, and the lantern ring 3 can only move along the axial direction of the supporting upright post 2; specifically, the support column 2 is provided with a vertical limit groove, and the inner ring of the lantern ring 3 is provided with a lug matched with the limit groove, so that the lantern ring 3 can only move along the axial direction of the support column 2, and the lantern ring 3 is prevented from rotating; the material of the collar 3 is preferably a non-magnetic material.
Four guide rods 8 are vertically arranged below the middle part of the top seat, and the four guide rods 8 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the lantern ring 3; guide bar 8 and supporting spring 4 one-to-one, supporting spring 4 cover is established outside corresponding guide bar 8, and supporting spring 4's top is connected with footstock 7, and supporting spring 4's bottom is connected with lantern ring 3, and the bottom of guide bar 8 runs through under the lantern ring 3, and guide bar 8 clearance fit is in lantern ring 3. Specifically, the collar 3 has through holes corresponding to the respective guide rods for the penetration of the guide rods so that the guide rods 8 are movably fitted to the collar 3.
The linkage springs 5 of the present embodiment correspond to the energy conversion cantilever beams 6 one-to-one, the top ends of the linkage springs are connected to the collar, the bottom ends of the linkage springs are connected to one end of the energy conversion cantilever beams, and the other end of the energy conversion cantilever beams are connected to the base, so that the linkage springs are linked with the energy conversion cantilever beams, and mechanical energy is converted into electric energy through the energy conversion cantilever beams. Wherein, linkage spring 5 just follows the circumference evenly distributed of support post 2.
As shown in fig. 2, the energy conversion cantilever 6 of the present embodiment includes a metal substrate 6a and piezoelectric thin films a mounted on local areas of upper and lower plate surfaces of the metal substrate; the metal substrate is preferably made of beryllium bronze, has good elastic-plastic performance and conductivity, and has an equal cross-section structure.
When the top seat of the bidirectional vibration energy collecting device of the embodiment is positioned above the base, namely when the bidirectional vibration energy collecting device is installed in the forward direction, the linkage spring 5 is a compression spring; when the bidirectional vibration energy collecting device is installed in the forward direction, the bidirectional vibration energy collecting device can be used for collecting vibration energy of soles or vibration energy of fitness equipment; the external excitation gives a downward pressure to the top seat, the force is transmitted through the lantern ring connected with the supporting spring, the energy conversion cantilever beam vibrates through the compression spring, the piezoelectric film on the upper layer of the metal substrate is tensioned and stretched, the piezoelectric film on the lower layer of the metal substrate is compressed, and the piezoelectric film enables the originally superposed center of gravity of positive charges and negative charges to be separated under the stress condition to form an electric dipole due to the piezoelectric effect, so that the two ends of the piezoelectric film in the specific direction have electric charges with different symbols, current is generated, and energy collection is realized.
When the base of the bidirectional vibration energy collecting device is located above the top seat, namely, when the bidirectional vibration energy collecting device is installed reversely, the linkage spring is an extension spring. During reverse installation, the footstock of the bidirectional vibration energy collecting device of the embodiment is fixed with the vibration source, and when the base is installed upwards, the bidirectional vibration energy collecting device can be used for example: vibration energy harvesting of various mechanical devices. When the footstock contacts with mechanical equipment, after receiving the vibration excitation, transmit vibration signals through the supporting spring, the lantern ring receives the vibration signals and the gravity influence of self that the footstock transmitted below, drives the vibration deformation of energy conversion cantilever beam through extension spring, and the piezoelectric film of energy conversion cantilever beam towards the footstock direction is under the compression effect, and the piezoelectric film of another side receives the tensile effect, and piezoelectric film passes through piezoelectric effect and converts mechanical energy into the electric energy, realizes the energy collection.
The bidirectional vibration energy collecting device receives vibration signals to generate vibration, a resonant frequency can appear in the whole structure in the vibration process, the resonant frequency of the system can be changed by adjusting the elastic coefficient of the spring according to the frequency characteristics of different vibration source signals, the bidirectional vibration energy collecting device adapts to the frequency characteristics of different vibration excitation signals, and the energy collecting efficiency is improved.
Example 2:
the bidirectional vibration energy harvesting device of the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: the energy conversion cantilever beams have different structures.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the energy conversion cantilever 60 of the present embodiment includes a metal substrate and magnetostrictive sheets B mounted on local areas of upper and lower plate surfaces of the metal substrate, and an induction coil C is wound and wrapped between the magnetostrictive sheets of the upper and lower plate surfaces; the metal substrate is provided with a magnet 9 corresponding to the induction coil, and the magnetic pole direction of the magnet 9 is parallel to the axial direction of the metal substrate. The magnetostrictive sheet is made of iron-gallium alloy (namely a Galfenol sheet), the metal substrate is made of beryllium bronze, the magnetostrictive sheet has good elastic-plastic performance and electric conductivity, and the magnetostrictive sheet is of an equal-section structure.
When the magnetostrictive sheet of the embodiment is subjected to stress change, according to the Villari effect of the magnetostrictive material, the change of the stress state of the material can cause the change of the induction strength of the material, and at the moment, the magnetic flux in the induction coil wound on the magnetostrictive sheet can be changed; under the bias magnetic field generated by the magnet, according to the Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, the changed magnetic induction intensity can generate induced electromotive force in the induction coil, so that the conversion from mechanical energy to magnetic energy and then to electric energy is realized.
Other structures can refer to embodiment 1.
Example 3:
the bidirectional vibration energy harvesting device of the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that:
the number of the supporting springs, the linkage springs, the energy conversion cantilever beams and the guide rods is not limited to four defined in embodiment 1, and the number of the supporting springs, the linkage springs, the energy conversion cantilever beams and the guide rods can be specifically adjusted according to practical application;
other structures can refer to embodiment 1.
The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the preferred embodiments and principles of the present invention and it will be appreciated that those skilled in the art may devise variations of the present invention that are within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A bidirectional vibration energy collecting device is characterized by comprising a base, a supporting upright post, a lantern ring, a supporting spring, a linkage spring, an energy conversion cantilever beam, a top seat and a guide rod, wherein the supporting upright post is arranged on the base; the guide rods are vertically arranged below the top seat, the guide rods correspond to the support springs one to one, the support springs are sleeved outside the corresponding guide rods, the top ends of the support springs are connected with the top seat, the bottom ends of the support springs are connected with the lantern ring, the bottom ends of the guide rods penetrate through the lower part of the lantern ring, and the guide rods are movably matched with the lantern ring; the linkage spring is in one-to-one correspondence with the energy conversion cantilever beams, the top ends of the linkage springs are connected to the lantern ring, the bottom ends of the linkage springs are connected with one ends of the energy conversion cantilever beams, the other ends of the energy conversion cantilever beams are connected to the base, so that the linkage springs are in linkage with the energy conversion cantilever beams, and mechanical energy is converted into electric energy through the energy conversion cantilever beams.
2. A bidirectional vibration energy harvesting apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the linkage spring is a compression spring when the top mount is above the base, i.e., positively mounted; when the base is located the top seat top, when reverse installation promptly, the linkage spring is extension spring.
3. The bidirectional vibration energy harvesting apparatus of claim 1 wherein the energy conversion cantilever comprises a metal substrate and piezoelectric films mounted on local areas of upper and lower surfaces of the metal substrate.
4. The bidirectional vibration energy harvesting device of claim 1 wherein the energy conversion cantilever beam comprises a metal substrate and magnetostrictive sheets mounted on local areas of upper and lower surfaces of the metal substrate, and an induction coil is wound and wrapped between the magnetostrictive sheets of the upper and lower surfaces; a magnet is arranged on the metal substrate corresponding to the induction coil; the magnetic pole direction of the magnet is parallel to the axial direction of the metal substrate.
5. A bidirectional vibration energy harvesting apparatus according to claim 4 wherein the magnetostrictive sheet is an iron gallium alloy.
6. A bidirectional vibration energy harvesting device according to claim 3 or 4 wherein the metal substrate is beryllium bronze.
7. A bidirectional vibration energy harvesting apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the collar has a through hole corresponding to each guide rod for passage of the guide rod.
8. A bidirectional vibration energy harvesting apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the support posts have vertical restraint slots and correspondingly the inner race of the collar has lugs that mate with the restraint slots to allow the collar to move only in the axial direction of the support posts.
9. A bidirectional vibration energy harvesting apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the plurality of guide rods are evenly distributed along the circumference of the collar.
10. The bidirectional vibration energy harvester of claim 1 wherein the plurality of linkage springs are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the support column.
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| CN202110447564.XA CN113224974B (en) | 2021-04-25 | 2021-04-25 | Bidirectional vibration energy collecting device |
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| CN202110447564.XA CN113224974B (en) | 2021-04-25 | 2021-04-25 | Bidirectional vibration energy collecting device |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113746377A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-12-03 | 沈阳工业大学 | Magnetostrictive rotary vibration collecting and utilizing device and collecting method thereof |
| CN114039505A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-02-11 | 上海交通大学 | Ultra-wideband nonlinear piezoelectric energy collecting device utilizing compact vibrator array |
| CN115276465A (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2022-11-01 | 西安理工大学 | Human motion energy capture device |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113746377A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-12-03 | 沈阳工业大学 | Magnetostrictive rotary vibration collecting and utilizing device and collecting method thereof |
| CN113746377B (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2024-11-01 | 沈阳工业大学 | Magnetostrictive rotary vibration collecting and utilizing device and collecting method thereof |
| CN114039505A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-02-11 | 上海交通大学 | Ultra-wideband nonlinear piezoelectric energy collecting device utilizing compact vibrator array |
| CN114039505B (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2023-11-10 | 上海交通大学 | Ultra-wideband nonlinear piezoelectric energy collection device utilizing compact vibrator array |
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| CN115276465B (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2024-05-10 | 西安理工大学 | Human motion energy capture device |
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