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CN113152080B - 一种抗变色纳米银抗菌纺织品及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种抗变色纳米银抗菌纺织品及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN113152080B
CN113152080B CN202110397207.7A CN202110397207A CN113152080B CN 113152080 B CN113152080 B CN 113152080B CN 202110397207 A CN202110397207 A CN 202110397207A CN 113152080 B CN113152080 B CN 113152080B
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郑敏
常朱宁子
郑蜜
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Jiangsuf Nadun Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种抗变色纳米银抗菌纺织品及其制备方法。以抗坏血酸为络合剂和还原剂,在室温下一步合成得到分散稳定且颜色稳定的纳米银络合物分散液,再通过轧烘焙方法整理到纺织品上,得到具有抗变色的纳米银抗菌纺织品。本发明利用抗坏血酸的还原性,室温下一步合成得到具有抗变色且分散稳定性好的花状纳米银,通过轧烘焙工艺整理到纺织品上,再利用抗坏血酸的抗氧化性,阻止了纳米银抗菌纺织品的变色,解决了长期以来纳米银抗菌纺织品的色变问题,特别适合潮态和湿态下纳米银抗菌纺织品的应用领域。

Description

一种抗变色纳米银抗菌纺织品及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于纳米功能纺织品制备技术领域,涉及一种抗变色纳米银抗菌纺织品及其制备方法。
背景技术
棉织物具有优良的透气性、吸湿性、穿着舒适而广受欢迎,但在后续的使用过程中,特别是处于潮湿的环境下,很容易成为微生物滋生的土壤,从而引发疾病,危害人们的健康。因此,对棉织物进行抗菌整理是十分必要的。但由于纳米银对光高度敏感,在光照条件下易被氧化,故经纳米银整理织物虽然具有抗菌、抗电磁辐射、导电等性能,但随着织物暴露在空气中,织物变黄甚至变黑,极大地制约了纳米银在纺织领域的应用。纳米银抗菌纺织品易变色问题成为了急需解决的问题。
国内外对纳米银的制备与应用已经有了大量研究。制备方法有水热或溶剂热还原(CN109382512 A)、超声波合成(CN107377989)、微波等离子体合成,电化学还原以及光还原等,可应用于抗菌消毒、光学领域、催化降解、生物检测、抗菌纺织品等领域。在纺织品上的应用中,可通过浸渍法制备多酚改性载纳米银抗菌织物(CN105839419A)、高能射线辐照纺织品进行接枝反应和还原反应制得纳米银抗菌纺织品(CN103966836A)。现有技术制备得到的抗菌性虽然具有比较优良的纺织品,但是纳米银抗菌纺织品的变色性一直还没有有效解决,也是纳米银在纺织品应用的瓶颈。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术存在的不足,提供一种能有效阻止银抗菌纺织品的变色的抗变色纳米银抗菌纺织品及其制备方法。
实现本发明目的的技术方案是提供一种抗变色纳米银抗菌纺织品的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按摩尔浓度为0.0025~0.02 mol/L配置抗坏血酸储备液;按质量分数为0.1wt%~5wt% 配置分散剂储备液;所述的分散剂为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、十二烷基苯磺酸、环糊精、卵磷脂、甲壳素、多肽中的一种;将抗坏血酸储备液滴入到分散剂储备液中,搅拌均匀,得到含分散剂的抗坏血酸储备液;
(2)按摩尔浓度为0.3~3 mmol/L配置硝酸银储备液;
(3)室温条件下,将硝酸银储备液滴加到步骤(1)的含分散剂的抗坏血酸储备液中,持续搅拌,硝酸银储备液滴加完后,再持续搅拌,得到花状纳米银稳定分散液;
(4)将稀释的花状纳米银分散液与有机硅柔软剂复配,采用浸轧、烘焙工艺对织物进行整理,得到抗变色纳米银抗菌纺织品。
步骤(3)中硝酸银储备液的滴加速率为1~5滴/秒;硝酸银储备液滴加完后,再持续搅拌5~30min。
步骤(4)中,稀释的花状纳米银分散液浓度为20~200ppm;浸轧工艺条件为带液率80~120%;烘焙工艺条件为预烘温度90~110℃,预烘时间1~3min, 焙烘温度130~150℃,焙烘时间1~3min。
本发明技术方案还包括按上述制备方法得到的一种抗变色纳米银抗菌纺织品。
本发明利用抗坏血酸的还原性,采用在室温下一步合成得到分散稳定、且不易变色的纳米银分散液,具有抗变色且分散稳定性好的花状纳米银,通过轧烘焙工艺整理到纺织品上,再利用抗坏血酸的抗氧化性,阻止了银抗菌纺织品的变色。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果在于:采用在室温下一步合成分散稳定且不易变色的纳米银分散液,再通过轧烘焙方法将纳米银整理到纺织品上,制备得到一种抗变色纳米银抗菌纺织品,有效解决了长期以来纳米银抗菌纺织品的色变问题,特别适合潮态和湿态下纳米银抗菌纺织品的应用领域。
附图说明
图1和2为本发明实施例1中花状银粒子的的扫描电镜图像。
图3为本发明实施例1中花状银粒子X射线衍射图谱。
图4为本发明实施例1抗变色银纺织品上元素分布能谱图。
图5为本发明实施例1抗变色银纺织品抗氧化性能图。
图6为本发明实施例1抗变色银纺织品日晒后白度变化图。
图7和8分别为本发明实施例1抗变色纺织品的抗菌效果图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明技术方案作进一步描述。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种抗变色纳米银抗菌纺织品,其制备方法步骤如下:
(1)准确称取0.1g聚乙烯吡咯烷酮配置成浓度为4%的分散剂储备液;
(2)准确称取0.176g抗坏血酸配置成2.5mmol/L的抗坏血酸储备液;
(3)准确称取0.0314g硝酸银配置成400ppm银盐储备液;
(4)将步骤(2)中的抗坏血酸储备液滴入步骤(1)的分散剂储备液中,搅拌均匀,得到含分散剂的抗坏血酸储备液;
(5)在室温下,按1滴/秒的速率将步骤(3)的硝酸银储备液滴入步骤(4)得到的含分散剂的抗坏血酸储备液中,并持续搅拌,银盐储备液滴加完后,再持续搅拌30min,得到花状纳米银分散液。
(6)将花状纳米银分散液银用水稀释成50~200ppm浓度,加入6g/L有机硅柔软剂,通过一浸一轧、控制带液率为100%,预烘温度100℃,预烘时间2min, 焙烘温度140℃,焙烘时间1min,将银搭载到棉织物上,得到含银量为50~200ppm的银抗菌纺织品。
将制备好的银抗菌纺织品放置于日晒牢度仪器中光照24h,用白度分析仪检测晒后变色情况。
参见附图1和 2,是本实施例制备过程中花状银粒子的的扫描电镜图像显示:银粒子尺寸均匀,形貌稳定。
参见附图3,是本实施例所制备的花状银粒子X射线衍射图谱显示:该图谱与JCPDS卡片号(87~0597)单质银图谱完全吻合。
参见附图4,是本实施例所制备的抗变色银纺织品上元素分布能谱图显示:银颗粒在织物表面分布均匀。
在本实施例中,分别采用不同的整理剂浓度对纺织品进行整理,参见附图5,是本实施例所制备的抗变色银纺织品抗氧化性能图显示:以ABTS·自由基清除率为抗氧化性能的指标,抗变色银纺织品对ABTS·自由基有一定的清除能力,且随银溶液整理浓度的提高抗氧化性能越好。
参见附图6,是本实施例采用不同含银量的整理剂所制备的抗变色银纺织品日晒后白度变化图显示:随着整理织物银浆中的含银量增加,日晒后白度略有降低,含银量为200ppm银溶液整理的织物日晒24h后白度仅下降了4%。
参见附图7,是本实施例所制备的抗变色纺织品对大肠杆菌的抗菌效果图; A图为未整理标准白棉, B图为纳米银整理后的白棉;图6结果显示:用含银量为50ppm的银浆整理织物对大肠杆菌的抗菌率为99.97%。
参见附图8,是本实施例所制备的抗变色纺织品对金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌效果图;A图为未整理标准白棉, B图为纳米银整理后的白棉;图7结果显示:用含银量为50ppm的银浆整理织物,对金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌率为99.9%。
实施例2
(1)准确称取0.1g聚乙烯吡咯烷酮配置成浓度为5%的分散剂储备液;
(2)准确称取0.352g抗坏血酸配置成5mmol/L的抗坏血酸储备液;
(3)按准确称取0.0314g硝酸银配置成400ppm银盐储备液;
(4)将步骤(2)中储备液滴入步骤(1)中,搅拌均匀,得到含分散剂的抗坏血酸储备液;
(5)在室温下,按2滴/秒的速率将步骤(3)的硝酸银储备液滴入步骤(4),得到的含分散剂的抗坏血酸储备液中,并持续搅拌,银盐储备液滴加完后,再持续搅拌30min,得到花状纳米银分散液;
(6)将花状纳米银分散液银用水稀释成50~200ppm浓度,加入6g/L有机硅柔软剂,通过一浸一轧、控制带液率为100%,预烘温度100℃,预烘时间2min, 焙烘温度140℃,焙烘时间1min,将银搭载到棉织物上,得到含银量为50~200ppm的银抗菌纺织品。
将制备好的银抗菌纺织品放置于日晒牢度仪器中光照24h,用白度分析仪检测晒后变色情况。
实施例3
准确称取0.1g十二烷基苯磺酸配置成浓度为4%的分散剂储备液;准确称取0.176g抗坏血酸配置成2.5mmol/L的抗坏血酸储备液;
(3)按准确称取0.0314g硝酸银配置成400ppm银盐储备液;
(4)将步骤(2)中储备液滴入步骤(1)中,搅拌均匀,得到含分散剂的抗坏血酸储备液;
(5)在室温下,按照2滴/秒的速率将步骤(3)的硝酸银储备液滴入步骤(4)得到的含分散剂的抗坏血酸储备液中,并持续搅拌,银盐储备液滴加完后,再持续搅拌30min,得到花状纳米银分散液;
(6)将花状纳米银分散液银用水稀释成20~100ppm浓度,加入6g/L有机硅柔软剂,通过一浸一轧、控制带液率为100%,预烘温度100℃,预烘时间2min, 焙烘温度140℃,焙烘时间1min,将银搭载到粘胶织物上,得到含银量为20~100ppm的银抗菌纺织品。
将制备好的银抗菌纺织品放置于日晒牢度仪器中光照24h,用白度分析仪检测晒后变色情况。
实施例4
准确称取0.1g十二烷基苯磺酸配置成浓度为5%的分散剂储备液;准确称取0.352g抗坏血酸配置成5mmol/L的抗坏血酸储备液;
(3)按准确称取0.0314g硝酸银配置成400ppm银盐储备液;
(4)将步骤(2)中储备液滴入步骤(1)中,搅拌均匀,得到含分散剂的抗坏血酸储备液;
(5)在室温下,按照2滴/秒的速率将步骤(3)的硝酸银储备液滴入步骤(4)得到的含分散剂的抗坏血酸储备液中,并持续搅拌,银盐储备液滴加完后,再持续搅拌30min,得到花状纳米银分散液;
(6)将花状纳米银分散液银用水稀释成20~100ppm浓度,加入6g/L有机硅柔软剂,通过一浸一轧、控制带液率为100%,预烘温度100℃,预烘时间2min, 焙烘温度140℃,焙烘时间1min,将银搭载到粘胶织物上,得到含银量为20~100ppm的银抗菌纺织品。
将制备好的银抗菌纺织品放置于日晒牢度仪器中光照24h,用白度分析仪检测晒后变色情况。

Claims (5)

1.一种抗变色纳米银抗菌纺织品的制备方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
(1)按摩尔浓度为0.0025~0.02 mol/L配置抗坏血酸储备液;按质量分数为0.1wt%~5wt% 配置分散剂储备液;所述的分散剂为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、十二烷基苯磺酸、环糊精、卵磷脂、甲壳素、多肽中的一种;将抗坏血酸储备液滴入到分散剂储备液中,搅拌均匀,得到含分散剂的抗坏血酸储备液;
(2)按摩尔浓度为0.3~3 mmol/L配置硝酸银储备液;
(3)室温条件下,将硝酸银储备液滴加到步骤(1)的含分散剂的抗坏血酸储备液中,持续搅拌,硝酸银储备液滴加完后,再持续搅拌,得到花状纳米银稳定分散液;硝酸银储备液的滴加速率为1~5滴/秒;
(4)将稀释的花状纳米银分散液与有机硅柔软剂复配,采用浸轧、烘焙工艺对织物进行整理,得到抗变色纳米银抗菌纺织品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗变色纳米银抗菌纺织品的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)中,硝酸银储备液滴加完后,再持续搅拌5~30min。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗变色纳米银抗菌纺织品的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(4)中,稀释的花状纳米银分散液浓度为20~200ppm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗变色纳米银抗菌纺织品的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(4)中,浸轧工艺条件为带液率80~120%;烘焙工艺条件为预烘温度90~110℃,预烘时间1~3min, 焙烘温度130~150℃,焙烘时间1~3min。
5.按权利要求1制备方法得到的一种抗变色纳米银抗菌纺织品。
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