CN113156658A - Stereoscopic display system based on synchronous spatial light modulator - Google Patents
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- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000001747 pupil Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005262 ferroelectric liquid crystals (FLCs) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003708 edge detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/22—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type
- G02B30/24—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type involving temporal multiplexing, e.g. using sequentially activated left and right shutters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/30—Image reproducers
- H04N13/385—Image reproducers alternating rapidly the location of the left-right image components on the display screens
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/30—Image reproducers
- H04N13/398—Synchronisation thereof; Control thereof
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional display system based on a synchronous spatial light modulator, which comprises an LED backlight source, a linear lens array, a spatial light modulator array, a linear diffusion film I, a linear diffusion film II, an image display screen, a viewpoint detection module and a synchronous control module. The synchronous control module is used for acquiring a synchronous signal of the image display screen panel, determining a synchronous time sequence by taking the synchronous signal as a trigger signal, and driving the generation of the spatial light modulator array and the switch of the LED backlight source; the viewpoint detection module uploads the space coordinates of the center of the visual area to the synchronous control module after acquiring the space coordinates of the center of the visual area; and the synchronous control module calculates and generates a corresponding light-passing pixel window of the spatial light modulator according to the space coordinates of the left and right visual areas, and synchronously refreshes the position of the light-passing pixel window of the spatial light modulator according to the synchronous signal of the image display screen panel. And generating stereoscopic impression based on the time division multiplexing and binocular parallax principle. The invention relates to an auto-stereoscopic display system which has compact structure and full resolution and supports 2D/3D switching.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of image display, and particularly relates to a three-dimensional display system based on a spatial light modulator.
Background
The 3D display technology is a mainstream display direction in the future, and the most widely used method is a stereoscopic display method based on parallax images. The left eye and the right eye are located at different positions in space, the left eye only receives the parallax image corresponding to the left eye and the right eye only receives the parallax image corresponding to the right eye by means of certain methods, and 3D stereo information is obtained through brain fusion.
The existing autostereoscopic display technology is a stereoscopic display technology based on the spatial multiplexing principle, and although the technology has better performance on crosstalk, the parallax barrier can cause the problems of backlight brightness reduction, resolution loss and the like. The other is that the light is emitted through the linear lens and the position of the light-passing pixel window of the spatial light modulation, and the light is realized based on the time division multiplexing principle, so that no resolution loss and 2D/3D switching can be ensured.
Scanning laser is often adopted as the backlight source of the three-dimensional display based on the spatial light modulator, the manufacturing cost is high, the synchronous control scheme is complex, and a plurality of modules such as the laser, a scanner, the spatial light modulator, a liquid crystal panel and the like need to be synchronously controlled and designed.
In addition, the traditional spatial light modulator-based stereoscopic display system selects a ferroelectric liquid crystal spatial light modulator which is high in cost, although the ferroelectric liquid crystal spatial light modulator has advantages in response time and crosstalk, the display range is small, a subsequent optical system is complex, the system thickness is large, and the system has no universality in a household environment.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a stereoscopic display system based on a synchronous spatial light modulator, which is suitable for a household environment, has a compact structure and full resolution, and supports 2D/3D switching.
A three-dimensional display system based on a synchronous spatial light modulator comprises an LED backlight source, a linear lens array, a spatial light modulator array, a linear diffusion film I, a linear diffusion film II, an image display screen, a viewpoint detection module and a synchronous control module. The linear lens array is used for controlling the light direction emitted by the LED backlight source; the spatial light modulator array is tightly attached to the emergent surface of the linear lens array and used for generating an addressable light passing pixel window, the position of the addressable light passing pixel window is uniquely determined according to the central coordinate of the visual area, and the addressable light passing pixel window is driven by the synchronous control module; the linear diffusion film I is tightly attached to the emergent surface of the spatial light modulator array and used for setting the exit pupil diffusion direction of emergent light of the spatial light modulator; the linear diffusion film II is tightly attached to the incident surface of the image display screen and is used for uniformly diffusing the diffused light beams of the backlight in front of the image display screen; the image display screen is a transmission type passive display panel and is used for loading a 3D video; the viewpoint detection module is used for acquiring the space coordinates of the viewpoint of the viewer in real time and uploading the space coordinates to the synchronous control module; the synchronous control module is used for acquiring a synchronous signal of the image display screen panel, determining a synchronous time sequence by taking the synchronous signal as a trigger signal, and driving the generation of the spatial light modulator array and the switch of the LED backlight source; the viewpoint detection module uploads the space coordinates of the center of the visual area to the synchronous control module after acquiring the space coordinates of the center of the visual area; and the synchronous control module calculates and generates a corresponding light-passing pixel window of the spatial light modulator according to the space coordinates of the left and right visual areas, and synchronously refreshes the position of the light-passing pixel window of the spatial light modulator according to the synchronous signal of the image display screen panel.
In a further specific embodiment, the LED backlight source includes a plurality of LEDs arranged in an array corresponding to the size of the stereoscopic display region in a sagittal plane of the main optical axis, each row includes M LEDs, N rows are provided, and the array position corresponds to the spatial light modulator array with the row-to-row misalignment.
In a further specific embodiment, the linear lens array is composed of a plurality of one-dimensional linear lenses, each line of LEDs corresponds to one linear lens, and each lens is coplanar and located in a sagittal plane of a main optical axis, and is used for collimating LED emergent light in a vertical direction and freely diverging in a horizontal direction.
In a further embodiment, the distance between the linear lens array and the LED array along the main optical axisLIt should satisfy:
therein, it is viewedThe distance from the center of the visual area of the viewer to the linear lens array along the direction of the main optical axis is
The focal length of a single lens in the linear lens array is
。
In a further specific embodiment, in the spatial light modulator array, a single spatial light modulator is a transmissive amplitude spatial light modulator, and is composed of a single light-transmitting pixel window with fixed length and width, the distribution position of the light-transmitting pixel window is determined by the spatial coordinate of the center of the visual area, and the center of each pixel window is connected with the center of the corresponding linear lens array to the viewpoint position; the array is distributed with line-to-line offsets so that a plurality of diffused light beams at the plane of the image display screen combine to form a backlight.
In a further specific embodiment, the viewpoint detecting speed of the viewpoint detecting module should match with the refreshing speed of the 3D video stereoscopic effect output of the image display screen.
In a further specific embodiment, the synchronization control module includes a synchronization signal acquisition module of the image display screen panel, an LED backlight driving module, and a spatial light modulator array driving module, where the synchronization signal acquisition module is configured to acquire a synchronization signal and pixel data of the image display screen panel, the LED backlight driving module triggers a driving signal of the output backlight according to the synchronization signal, and the spatial light modulator array driving module is responsible for triggering to generate a light-transmitting pixel window at a specific position according to the synchronization signal.
In a further specific embodiment, the synchronization signal acquisition circuit in the synchronization control module is configured to acquire a vertical synchronization signal, a horizontal synchronization signal, a data enable signal, a pixel clock signal, and a pixel data signal in data transmitted by the image display panel, and the synchronization control module determines the starting point of playing the 3D video according to the relevant signals and sets a synchronization timing of the system according to the synchronization signal and the clock signal.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the traditional free three-dimensional display system based on the spatial light modulator, the three-dimensional display system based on the synchronous spatial light modulator has the advantages of simple and compact structure, low cost, full resolution, support of 2D/3D switching and the like, has larger advantages in thickness and has higher potential application value in a household environment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, 110: an LED backlight; 111: an LED unit; 120: a linear lens array; 130: an array of spatial light modulators; 140: a linear diffusion film I; 150: a linear diffusion membrane II; 160: an image display screen; 170: a field of view; 171: the center of the right visual area; 172: the center of the left visual area; 180: a viewpoint detection module; 190: and a synchronous control module.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an array of spatial light modulators corresponding to a field of view according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic functional flow diagram of a synchronization control module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further elucidated with reference to the drawing.
As shown in fig. 1, the stereoscopic display system based on the synchronous spatial light modulator according to the present invention includes an LED backlight 110, a linear lens array 120, a spatial light modulator array 130, a linear diffusion film I140, a linear diffusion film II 150, an image display screen 160, a viewpoint detection module 180, and a synchronous control module 190.
The viewpoint detecting module 180 obtains the spatial coordinates of the center of the eyes of the viewer, and then uploads the spatial coordinates to the synchronous control module 190, and the specific position of the light-passing pixel window of the spatial light modulator is determined through geometric calculation of ray tracing, so as to generate the spatial light modulator array 130.
The light passing pixel window of a single spatial light modulator is arranged in
The axial length should be substantiallyEqual to that of a single linear lens
The axial length of the spatial light modulator corresponding to the selected central LED backlight is defined as i =0 light-passing pixel window, the positive x-axis direction is i =1,2 …, and the negative x-axis direction is i = -1, -2 …, so that the position of the i-th light-passing pixel window should satisfy the following relationship:
wherein, the center of the LED luminous surface in the center of the LED backlight source is a coordinate origin,Dthe LEDs in the same row are spaced by a certain distance,
Is the focal length of a single lens in the linear lens array 120,XIs the center point of the visual areaxThe axis coordinate,YIs the center point of the visual areayAxis coordinates.
In this embodiment, the spatial light modulator array 130 is implemented by a color liquid crystal panel, and the driving is output by an HDMI interface in the synchronization control module 190. The light beam from the LED backlight 110 passes through the linear diffusion film I140, the linear diffusion film II 150, and the image display screen 160 in sequence to reach the viewing zone 170. For the central point position of a single visual area, such as the right visual area center 171 and the left visual area center 172, the spatial light modulator arrays 130 are uniquely corresponding, the two uniquely corresponding spatial light modulator arrays 130 are alternately output, and the output and the left and right parallax images displayed by the image display screen 160 are synchronously refreshed, so that the time division multiplexing stereoscopic display effect can be realized. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a spatial light modulator array 130 with an inter-row offset corresponding to a certain viewpoint, and this embodiment takes an LED backlight with M =3 and N =6 as an example.
The synchronous control module in this embodiment is implemented by an FPGA platform, and functions thereof are as shown in fig. 3. The input of the synchronous signal acquisition circuit uses the LVDS interface of the image display screen 160, and the output signals include: a vertical synchronization signal, a horizontal synchronization signal, a data enable signal, a pixel clock signal, and a pixel data signal. The change time of the pixel data in the 3D video can be judged according to the output signal, and the synchronization time node of the 3D video can be determined by combining the rising edge detection of the vertical synchronization signal, and finally the vertical synchronization signal and the delay time are used to trigger the driving module of the LED backlight 110 and the driving module of the spatial light modulator array 130.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, simplifications, which are equivalent substitutions without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention, are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A stereoscopic display system based on a synchronous spatial light modulator, characterized by: the system comprises an LED backlight source, a linear lens array, a spatial light modulator array, a linear diffusion film I, a linear diffusion film II, an image display screen, a viewpoint detection module and a synchronous control module;
the linear lens array is used for controlling the light direction emitted by the LED backlight source;
the spatial light modulator array is tightly attached to the emergent surface of the linear lens array and used for generating an addressable light passing pixel window, the position of the addressable light passing pixel window is uniquely determined according to the central coordinate of the visual area, and the addressable light passing pixel window is driven by the synchronous control module;
the linear diffusion film I is tightly attached to the emergent surface of the spatial light modulator array and used for setting the exit pupil diffusion direction of emergent light of the spatial light modulator;
the linear diffusion film II is tightly attached to the incident surface of the image display screen and used for uniformly diffusing the diffused light beams of the backlight in front of the image display screen, and the diffusion direction of the linear diffusion film II is the same as that of the linear diffusion film I;
the image display screen is a transmission type passive display panel and is used for loading a 3D video;
the viewpoint detection module is used for acquiring the space coordinates of the viewpoint of the viewer in real time and uploading the space coordinates to the synchronous control module;
the synchronous control module is used for acquiring a synchronous signal of the image display screen panel, determining a synchronous time sequence by taking the synchronous signal as a trigger signal, and driving the generation of the spatial light modulator array and the switch of the LED backlight source; the viewpoint detection module uploads the space coordinates of the center of the visual area to the synchronous control module after acquiring the space coordinates of the center of the visual area; and the synchronous control module calculates and generates a corresponding light-passing pixel window of the spatial light modulator according to the space coordinates of the left and right visual areas, and synchronously refreshes the position of the light-passing pixel window of the spatial light modulator according to the synchronous signal of the image display screen panel.
2. The synchronous spatial light modulator-based stereoscopic display system of claim 1, wherein: the LED backlight source is composed of a plurality of LEDs which form an array, the array is positioned on the sagittal plane of a main optical axis, the size of the array corresponds to the size of a three-dimensional display area, each row is provided with M LEDs, the number of the rows is N, and the array position corresponds to the spatial light modulator array with the staggered rows.
3. The synchronous spatial light modulator-based stereoscopic display system of claim 2, wherein: the linear lens array is composed of a plurality of one-dimensional linear lenses, each line of LEDs corresponds to one linear lens, and the lenses are coplanar and located on the sagittal plane of a main optical axis and used for collimating the emergent rays of the LEDs in the vertical direction and freely diverging in the horizontal direction.
4. The synchronous spatial light modulator-based stereoscopic display system of claim 2, wherein: the distance between the linear lens array and the LED array along the direction of the main optical axisLIt should satisfy:
wherein, the distance from the center of the visual area of the viewer to the linear lens array along the direction of the main optical axis is
The focal length of a single lens in the linear lens array is
。
5. The synchronous spatial light modulator-based stereoscopic display system of claim 1, wherein: in the spatial light modulator array, a single spatial light modulator is a transmission-type amplitude spatial light modulator and consists of a single light-passing pixel window with fixed length and width, the distribution position of the light-passing pixel window is determined by the spatial coordinates of the center of a visual area, and the center of each pixel window is connected with the center of a corresponding linear lens array to a viewpoint position; the array is distributed with line-to-line offsets so that a plurality of diffused light beams at the plane of the image display screen combine to form a backlight.
6. The synchronous spatial light modulator-based stereoscopic display system of claim 1, wherein: the viewpoint detection speed of the viewpoint detection module is matched with the refreshing speed of the 3D video stereoscopic effect output of the image display screen.
7. The synchronous spatial light modulator-based stereoscopic display system of claim 1, wherein: the synchronous control module comprises a synchronous signal acquisition module of the image display screen panel, an LED backlight source driving module and a spatial light modulator array driving module, the synchronous signal acquisition module is used for acquiring synchronous signals and pixel data of the image display screen panel, the LED backlight source driving module triggers and outputs driving signals of the backlight source according to the synchronous signals, and the spatial light modulator array driving module is responsible for triggering and generating a light-passing pixel window at a specific position according to the synchronous signals.
8. The synchronization signal acquisition module of claim 7, wherein: the synchronous control module is used for judging the 3D video playing starting point moment by combining the related signals and setting the synchronous time sequence of the system according to the synchronous signals and the clock signals.
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Cited By (2)
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