CN113147663A - Intelligent pre-tightening locking device for safety belt and using method of intelligent pre-tightening locking device - Google Patents
Intelligent pre-tightening locking device for safety belt and using method of intelligent pre-tightening locking device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113147663A CN113147663A CN202110518514.6A CN202110518514A CN113147663A CN 113147663 A CN113147663 A CN 113147663A CN 202110518514 A CN202110518514 A CN 202110518514A CN 113147663 A CN113147663 A CN 113147663A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R22/00—Safety belts or body harnesses in vehicles
- B60R22/34—Belt retractors, e.g. reels
- B60R22/46—Reels with means to tension the belt in an emergency by forced winding up
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
- B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
- B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
- B60R2021/01013—Means for detecting collision, impending collision or roll-over
- B60R2021/01027—Safing sensors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R22/00—Safety belts or body harnesses in vehicles
- B60R22/34—Belt retractors, e.g. reels
- B60R22/46—Reels with means to tension the belt in an emergency by forced winding up
- B60R2022/4666—Reels with means to tension the belt in an emergency by forced winding up characterised by electric actuators
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种安全带智能预紧锁止装置及其使用方法，该装置包括动力输入机构、驱动机构和卷收机构；该装置能保证在车辆不发生危险时和普通安全带一样能够自由伸缩，而一旦判断车辆发生危险或有发生危险的可能，安全带机构的控制单元将发出预紧信号、预警信号和锁止信号，此时安全带将会被反方向回卷收紧，减少乘员与安全带之间的松弛量，同时利用电控锁止机构将安全带的抽拉功能锁止，防止因乘员的身体前冲惯性再把安全带拉出而导致的松弛量增加。也防止车辆减速度过大时，安全松弛量和间隙会使乘员与车内硬质物体发生二次碰撞，或被甩出安全带甚至被甩出车辆而发生极度危险状况，以此提高对乘员的安全保护能力。
The invention discloses an intelligent pre-tightening locking device for a safety belt and a method for using the same. The device includes a power input mechanism, a driving mechanism and a retracting mechanism; the device can ensure that the safety belt can be as free as a common safety belt when the vehicle is not in danger When it is judged that the vehicle is in danger or there is a possibility of danger, the control unit of the seat belt mechanism will send a pre-tightening signal, an early warning signal and a locking signal. At this time, the seat belt will be retracted and tightened in the opposite direction, reducing the number of passengers. At the same time, the electric control locking mechanism is used to lock the pulling function of the seat belt to prevent the increase of the slack due to the inertia of the occupant's body and then pulling the seat belt out. Also, when the vehicle decelerates too much, the safety slack and clearance will cause the occupant to collide with hard objects in the car, or be thrown out of the seat belt or even thrown out of the vehicle, resulting in an extremely dangerous situation, thereby improving the safety of the occupant. security protection capability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile engineering, and particularly relates to an intelligent pre-tightening locking device for a safety belt and a using method of the intelligent pre-tightening locking device.
Background
The automobile safety belt can restrain a driver and a passenger on the seat when the automobile collides, inclines, swings or other dangerous conditions, and prevents the passenger from being thrown out of the automobile or from colliding with other hard objects in the automobile for a second time, so that the automobile safety belt plays a role in restraining and protecting, and the safety belt is an indispensable restraint device of the automobile.
The general automobile safety belt mechanism can restrain a person when the vehicle is in an emergency collision and generates severe deceleration, but the acting reliability is not high, and the main reasons are as follows: the time of severe dangerous collision of an automobile is extremely short, so that a safety belt is required to restrain a passenger on a seat within 0.1 second, but due to the fact that the structure of a common automobile safety belt is insufficient, a 60-120 mm loosening gap exists between the body of the passenger and the safety belt after the safety belt is worn, the gap is mainly generated between the safety belt and clothes loosened by the passenger, and the gap is also used for ensuring that the body of the passenger can have a certain free movement space after the passenger wears the safety belt, and the comfort is improved. However, this amount of slack in the gap does not reliably ensure the safety restraint action of the seat belt on the occupant upon collision of the vehicle, and the reliability is not high enough. In particular, the safety belts are less reliable for effective restraint of infants, children and other special occupants.
Therefore, the technical standards of automobile safety belts at home and abroad put higher requirements on the safety structure and performance, such as: national GB-14166 + 1993 standard for automotive seat belt performance and test procedures and the united states federal motor vehicle safety standard FMVSS208 regulations, which all place more technical demands on occupant protection and reduction of dangerous accidents caused by belt slack in infants, children and other special occupants, such as: the spring coefficient of a coil spring of a seat belt retractor is increased to reduce the amount of looseness, and a vehicle-sensing locking mechanism and a belt-sensing locking mechanism are added to reduce the amount of looseness between a seat belt and a passenger during a collision. However, these technical requirements still cannot make the seat belt have the functions of determining whether to need pre-tightening, whether to need locking, whether to need to remind passengers, and the like, and the real-time performance and the intelligence are reduced.
The pre-tightening safety belt for automobile is mainly one kind of explosion type pre-tightening safety belt comprising mainly electronic controller and explosion pre-tightening mechanism. When the electronic control unit judges that pre-tightening is needed, the electronic control unit sends an ignition instruction to the explosion type gas generator, the gas generator is ignited within extreme time, a large amount of high-pressure gas is generated in the conduit type cylinder, and the piston drives the transmission mechanism to rewind the safety belt, so that the safety belt is pre-tightened. Once the explosion type pre-tightening safety belt mechanism is rewound once due to a dangerous condition of a vehicle, the whole mechanism cannot be reused, and the whole mechanism needs to be replaced after explosion, so that the cost is high. Meanwhile, the recoiling force in the process of recoiling the safety belt by the explosion-type pre-tightening safety belt is mainly determined by the structure of the gas generator and the gas conduit, and the magnitude of the recoiling force, the recoiling duration and the recoiling stroke are not controlled well. The explosion-type pretensioned seat belt also has no locking mechanism during the rewinding process, and once the rewinding process is finished, the inertia forward momentum of the passenger can still pull the seat belt again to be out of the restraint. Therefore, the explosion-type pre-tightening safety belt still has the defects of low intelligent degree, complex structure, unsatisfactory rewinding and prediction effects, high use and maintenance cost, poor reliability and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the common safety belt and the explosion type safety belt in the background art and provide an intelligent pre-tightening locking device for the safety belt. The device can guarantee that the vehicle can freely stretch out and draw back like ordinary safety belt when not taking place danger, and the passenger can adjust the position and the lax volume of safety belt according to self needs, guarantees to wear the travelling comfort. Once the various sensors are subjected to data fusion calculation, the possibility of danger occurrence or danger occurrence of the vehicle is judged, the control unit of the safety belt mechanism sends a pre-tightening signal, an early warning signal and a locking signal, the safety belt is rewound and tightened in the opposite direction at the moment, the looseness between a passenger and the safety belt is reduced, meanwhile, the drawing function of the safety belt is locked by the electric control locking mechanism, and the phenomenon that the looseness is increased due to the fact that the safety belt is drawn out again due to the fact that the body of the passenger rushes forward and inertia is prevented. When the deceleration of the vehicle is too large, the safety slack quantity and the clearance can prevent the passenger from generating secondary collision with the hard object in the vehicle, or from being thrown out of the safety belt and even being thrown out of the vehicle to generate an extremely dangerous condition, thereby improving the safety protection capability of the passenger.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an intelligent pre-tightening locking device for a safety belt comprises a power input mechanism, a driving mechanism and a winding mechanism;
the power input mechanism comprises a pre-tightening motor, a secondary transmission gear and a worm with a gear, wherein an output gear of the pre-tightening motor is meshed with the secondary transmission gear, and the secondary transmission gear is meshed with a gear part of the worm with the gear;
the driving mechanism comprises a driving gear and a locking mechanism, the driving gear is meshed with the worm part of the worm with the gear, a convex driving gear hub is formed on one side of the driving gear, and a plurality of hub grooves are formed in the outer circumference of the driving gear hub; the locking mechanism is arranged around the driving gear hub and comprises a spring seat, a return spring, a driving clamping jaw and an electromagnetic coil, the spring seat is mounted in the hub groove, the return spring is connected to the spring seat, the upper end of the return spring is connected with the driving clamping jaw, and the electromagnetic coil is arranged around the outer part of the driving clamping jaw;
the winding mechanism comprises a shell, a winding shaft and a safety belt, the winding shaft is mounted on the shell through a winding shaft bearing, one side of the winding shaft is connected with an input inner gear, the other side of the winding shaft is connected with a conventional winding locking shaft, the driving gear hub and the locking mechanism mounted on the driving gear hub are coaxially mounted on the inner side of the input inner gear, and the shaft body of the winding shaft winds the safety belt.
In the technical scheme, the number of the hub grooves is 4, and the adjacent hub grooves are arranged at intervals of 90 degrees.
In the above technical solution, the driving jaw is made of metal, preferably an iron core.
In the above technical solution, the conventional retraction locking shaft includes a seat belt coil spring, a belt-sensing locking mechanism, and a vehicle-sensing locking mechanism.
In the above technical scheme, the pre-tightening locking device further comprises a control unit, the control unit comprises a pre-tightening motor controller and a locking mechanism controller, the pre-tightening motor controller controls the output of the pre-tightening motor, and the locking mechanism controller controls the power input of the electromagnetic coil.
The use method of the intelligent pretensioning locking device for the safety belt comprises the following steps:
first, pretension mode
Pre-tightening the harness before a high risk occurs: the control unit controls the driving claw of the locking mechanism to extend out and controls the pre-tightening motor to output power, so that the safety belt is wound, and the loose quantity between the safety belt and the body of a passenger is reduced to 0;
second, early warning mode
Repeated retraction of the belt before a moderate risk occurs: the control unit controls a driving claw of the locking mechanism to extend out, and sends a pulse control signal to the pre-tightening motor, so that the loosening amount between the safety belt and the body of the driver is intermittently tightened, and the body of the driver is slapped to warn the driver of dangerous conditions;
three, normal mode
When no danger or danger state is relieved, the control unit controls the pre-tightening motor, the electromagnetic coil and the power supply to be powered off, and the function of the safety belt is converted into the function of a common safety belt under the action of the conventional furling locking shaft.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
1. the intelligent pre-tightening locking device for the safety belt provided by the invention utilizes a vehicle acceleration sensor, a yaw velocity sensor, a front and back millimeter wave radar, a steering wheel corner sensor, a brake pedal stroke sensor, a vehicle horizontal position sensor and the like to monitor the real-time state of the vehicle, identifies the dangerous state of the vehicle through multi-sensor data fusion, and improves the intelligent level of the safety belt and the whole vehicle.
2. According to the intelligent pre-tightening locking device for the safety belt, the structure of the traditional automobile safety belt mechanism is not changed, only part of parts are needed to be added, and the parts and other control systems of a vehicle share sensor data, so that the intelligent pre-tightening locking device for the safety belt is simple in component composition, low in cost, ingenious in structure, simple in control process and reliable in work.
3. The intelligent pre-tightening locking device for the safety belt has all functions of a common safety belt, can pre-tighten the safety belt according to the dangerous state of a vehicle, locks the safety belt through the locking mechanism during pre-tightening, and can not pull out the safety belt due to the forward inertia force of a passenger, so that the passenger can be safely restrained on the seat under various dangerous conditions. When the dangerous state is relieved, the control unit relieves the pretightening force of the safety belt and simultaneously relieves the locking mechanism, the function of the common safety belt is recovered, and the safety belt is pretensioned timely, reliably, intelligently and repeatedly.
4. According to the intelligent pre-tightening locking device for the safety belt, provided by the invention, the belt-sensing locking mechanism and the vehicle-sensing locking mechanism of the common safety belt are reserved, and meanwhile, the pre-tightening locking mechanism is added, so that the functions of timely locking and timely releasing can be realized, and the pre-tightening reliability and intelligence of the safety belt are increased.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an intelligent seat belt pretension locking device.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the transmission structure of the driving gear, the locking mechanism and the winding shaft.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the locking mechanism.
Fig. 4 is a logic flow diagram of a seat belt pretensioning and early warning mode.
Wherein: the device comprises a pre-tightening motor 1, a secondary transmission gear 2, a worm with a gear 3, a driving gear 4, a driving gear hub 5, driving jaws 6, an electromagnetic coil 7, an input inner gear 8, a winding shaft 9, a winding shaft bearing 10, a casing 11, a safety belt 12, a hub groove 13, a conventional winding locking shaft 14, a return spring 15 and a spring seat 16.
For a person skilled in the art, other relevant figures can be obtained from the above figures without inventive effort.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining specific examples.
Examples
An intelligent pretensioning locking device for a safety belt is shown in figures 1, 2 and 3. The method comprises the following components: the device comprises a pre-tightening motor 1, a secondary transmission gear 2, a worm with a gear 3, a driving gear 4, a driving gear hub 5, driving claws 6 arranged in a hub groove 13, an electromagnetic coil 7, an input internal gear 8, a winding shaft 9, a winding shaft bearing 10, a shell 11, a safety belt 12, a hub groove 13, a conventional winding locking shaft 14, a return spring 15 and a spring seat 16.
The driving gear of the intelligent seat belt pre-tightening locking device and the seat belt take-up shaft transmission structure thereof are shown in fig. 2. The driving gear 4 and the driving gear hub 5 are of an integrated structure, the driving gear hub 5 is designed into a boss type structure, 4 hub grooves 13 are uniformly distributed in the driving gear hub 5 along the circumference, a spring seat 16 of a locking mechanism is arranged in the hub grooves 13, the boss type driving gear hub 5 and the locking mechanism are combined and then arranged in a safety belt winding shaft input inner gear 8, the safety belt winding shaft input inner gear 8 and a safety belt winding shaft 9 are integrated, a safety belt 12 is wound on the winding shaft 9, a driving claw 6 can drive the gear 8 and the winding shaft 9 to wind back the safety belt when pre-tightening is needed,
the other end of the furling shaft 9 of the intelligent safety belt pre-tightening and locking device is provided with a conventional furling locking shaft 14 which comprises a common safety belt coil spring, a belt sensing locking mechanism and a vehicle sensing locking mechanism (not explicitly shown in the figure), so that the intelligent safety belt pre-tightening and locking device has the basic structure and functions of a common safety belt at the same time.
The driving claw (iron core), the electromagnetic coil and the return spring of the intelligent safety belt pre-tightening locking device are shown in figure 3. The locking mechanism is used to transmit power between the drive gear 4 and the belt retractor shaft input annulus gear 8 in order to pre-tighten the belt at a particular moment. When the safety belt does not need to be pre-tightened, when the electromagnetic coil 7 is not electrified, the driving claw 6 is pulled back to the axis position along the radial direction by the return spring 15, the driving claw 6 is not meshed with the input internal gear 8, and power cannot be transmitted. When the safety belt needs to be pre-tightened, the electromagnetic coil 7 is electrified, the driving claw 6 overcomes the pulling force of the return spring 15, extends outwards along the radial direction for a certain stroke, and then is meshed with the input inner gear 8 to transmit power.
When the intelligent safety belt pre-tightening locking device is used, the intelligent safety belt pre-tightening locking device is used according to the following rules:
1. vehicle hazard situation determination
As shown in fig. 4, the intelligent seatbelt pretensioner and lock apparatus can perform pretensioner and warning control on a seatbelt in different states, that is, pretensioning in which the seatbelt is tightened in advance before a high risk occurs, and the amount of slack between the seatbelt and the body of the occupant is reduced to 0. The early warning is to give an audible prompt to the driver before a moderate danger occurs, or to repeatedly retract the safety belt to flap the body of the driver, so as to warn the driver of a dangerous situation.
The high-risk state is comprehensively judged after multi-sensor information fusion: the vehicle is in a state of being extremely unstable such as a severe deceleration, a severe yaw rate, or a large inclination angle, a state of a collision of the vehicle with a peripheral obstacle or a very close distance from the vehicle, a state of a rapid change in throttle opening degree while a driver operates a rapid steering or a rapid braking, or a state of being highly dangerous as determined by combining various factors.
The moderate dangerous state is comprehensively judged after multi-sensor information fusion: the vehicle is in an unstable state such as a large deceleration, a large yaw rate or a large inclination angle, a state in which the vehicle is likely to collide with a peripheral obstacle or the vehicle at a short distance, a state in which the driver operates to cause a large change in the throttle opening while steering or braking, or a state in which the driver determines moderate risk by combining various factors.
The state without danger refers to comprehensive judgment after multi-sensor information fusion: the vehicle is in a normal state without any dangerous state.
2. High-risk safety belt pre-tightening mode
When the vehicle is comprehensively judged to be in a high-risk condition after multi-sensor information fusion, in order to pre-tighten the slack of the safety belt to 0mm before dangerous conditions such as vehicle collision, side turning, side rolling or severe tail flicking occur, and restrains the passenger on the seat, the pre-tightening motor and the locking mechanism control unit immediately sends control instructions to the pre-tightening motor 1 and the electromagnetic coil 7, after the pre-tightening motor 1 receives the control instructions, the pre-tightening motor drives the secondary transmission gear 2, the worm with gear 3, the driving gear 4 and the driving gear hub 5 to drive the locking mechanism arranged in the hub groove 13 to rotate, after the control unit powers on the electromagnetic coil 7, after the driving dogs 6 have been extended radially outwards by a certain distance against the tension of the return spring 15, due to the design of the inclined angle of the top of the driving claw 6, the driving claw 6 can be smoothly meshed with the input internal gear 8 to transmit power. The belt take-up shaft input inner gear 8 starts to drive the belt shaft 9 to start to rewind, drives the safety belt 12 to rewind, tightens the slack and tightens the passenger in the seat, and prevents the passenger from loosening from the safety belt to generate more dangerous secondary collision when the dangerous condition of the vehicle occurs.
3. Reverse lock control of occupant forward force when pre-tightening seat belt
At the time of danger occurrence, the vehicle is subjected to rapid deceleration, and because the pretensioning motor already tightens the slack between the safety belt and the body of the passenger, the body of the passenger tilts forward due to the inertia force and drives the retractor shaft 9 to reversely transmit the inertia force. When the deceleration of the vehicle is larger, the forward-tilting inertia force can reach 2000N at most, in order to protect the gear transmission mechanism from being damaged by the overlarge forward-tilting force, the spiral lift angle of the worm 3 is structurally designed to be smaller than the equivalent friction angle between the gear 4 and the worm 3, so that self-locking between the gear 4 and the worm occurs, the gear 4 can not transmit the forward-tilting force of a passenger to the secondary gear transmission 2 and the pre-tightening motor 1, and the gear transmission mechanism and the pre-tightening motor are protected from being damaged by the overlarge forward-tilting force.
4. Safety belt early warning mode for moderate dangerous condition
When the vehicle is comprehensively judged to be in a moderate dangerous state after information fusion of multiple sensors, in order to remind a driver, the pre-tightening motor and locking mechanism control unit sends a pulse control signal to the pre-tightening motor 1, and the loosening amount between the safety belt and the body of the driver is intermittently tightened under the action of the pre-tightening motor and the safety belt coil spring, at the moment, the safety belt is used for beating the body of the driver, meanwhile, a sound or flashing warning signal is sent out through an instrument panel to remind the driver to pay attention to driving safety, and once the dangerous state is further developed, the pre-tightening mode is immediately converted into a high-dangerous state pre-tightening mode.
5. Hazardous condition elimination
When the vehicle is comprehensively judged to have no danger after multi-sensor information fusion, or the dangerous state is relieved without early warning or pre-tightening, the control unit cuts off the power of the pre-tightening motor 1 and the electromagnetic coil 7, the intelligent pre-tightening safety belt is restored to the standby state at the moment, the functions of the common safety belt are converted under the action of the safety belt winding and locking mechanism 14, and meanwhile warning and judgment of safety belt early warning and pre-tightening are carried out constantly.
Therefore, the intelligent pre-tightening and locking device for the safety belt has a pre-tightening mode, an early warning mode and a common mode. The three modes can be used for intelligently judging the dangerous state according to the sensor fusion information, can be instantly switched with each other in the three modes, have the functions of a common safety belt in the three modes, and have the functions of belt-sensing locking and vehicle-sensing locking.
The numbering of the components as such, e.g., "1", "2", etc., is used herein only to distinguish the objects described and does not have any sequential or technical meaning. The phrase "not explicitly shown in the drawings" means that the belt-feel lock mechanism and the vehicle-feel lock mechanism of the ordinary seat belt are not the innovative points of the present invention and thus are not explicitly shown in the drawings. In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "pre-warning" and "pre-tightening" refer to the determination of a dangerous condition in different states. The terms "power transmission," "retraction," "radial" and "axial" directions, etc. are used to indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The invention has been described in an illustrative manner, and it is to be understood that any simple variations, modifications or other equivalent changes which can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
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| CN202110518514.6A CN113147663A (en) | 2021-05-12 | 2021-05-12 | Intelligent pre-tightening locking device for safety belt and using method of intelligent pre-tightening locking device |
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| CN202110518514.6A CN113147663A (en) | 2021-05-12 | 2021-05-12 | Intelligent pre-tightening locking device for safety belt and using method of intelligent pre-tightening locking device |
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| CN112606786A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-06 | 东风汽车集团有限公司 | Safety protection method, device and system for electric safety belt |
| CN216331898U (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2022-04-19 | 天津职业技术师范大学(中国职业培训指导教师进修中心) | Intelligent pre-tightening locking device for safety belt |
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