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CN113138227B - Welding joint combination detection method in high-temperature state - Google Patents

Welding joint combination detection method in high-temperature state Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113138227B
CN113138227B CN202110402656.6A CN202110402656A CN113138227B CN 113138227 B CN113138227 B CN 113138227B CN 202110402656 A CN202110402656 A CN 202110402656A CN 113138227 B CN113138227 B CN 113138227B
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detection
ultrasonic detection
phased array
carrying
welding
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CN113138227A (en
Inventor
王志强
樊靖波
武鑫
王鹏
秦承鹏
陈征
李东江
王强
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Shaanxi Yanchang Chinacoal Yulin Energy Chemical Co ltd
Xian Thermal Power Research Institute Co Ltd
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Shaanxi Yanchang Chinacoal Yulin Energy Chemical Co ltd
Xian Thermal Power Research Institute Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2021/115581 priority patent/WO2022217813A1/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/72Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
    • G01N27/82Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
    • G01N27/83Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws by investigating stray magnetic fields
    • G01N27/84Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws by investigating stray magnetic fields by applying magnetic powder or magnetic ink
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04Analysing solids
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/26Scanned objects
    • G01N2291/267Welds

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for detecting a welded joint combination in a high-temperature state, which comprises the following steps: surface treatment is carried out on the welded joint and the base materials at two sides; carrying out surface wave ultrasonic detection on the welding joint; performing magnetic powder detection on the welding joint; carrying out phased array ultrasonic detection on the welding joint; carrying out A-type ultrasonic detection on the welding joint; and comprehensively determining the defects of the welding joint according to the surface wave ultrasonic detection result, the magnetic powder detection result, the phased array ultrasonic detection result and the A-type ultrasonic detection result, wherein the defects of the welding joint can be accurately detected by the method.

Description

Welding joint combination detection method in high-temperature state
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of nondestructive testing, and relates to a combined detection method for a welded joint in a high-temperature state.
Background
Welding is the most main connection mode of boilers, pressure vessels and pressure pipelines, and a welded joint is a weak point for safe operation of equipment, so that periodic nondestructive detection of the welded joint is an important means for ensuring safe operation of the equipment. With the increasingly outstanding contradiction of long-period operation and short maintenance time of large-scale complete equipment and high safety requirements, the detection of the high-temperature welding joint in an operation state becomes a realistic choice for solving the problem.
The existing nondestructive detection method used at normal temperature mainly comprises penetration detection, magnetic powder detection, vortex detection, ray detection, A-type pulse ultrasonic detection, phased array ultrasonic detection, diffraction time difference method ultrasonic detection and the like, and the surface penetration detection can not be basically used at a high temperature state; the magnetic powder detection can only adopt dry magnetic powder for detection, the defect display of the dry magnetic powder detection is visual, but the detection sensitivity is low due to the large magnetic powder particles, poor dispersibility and the like; the eddy current detection efficiency is high, but the eddy current detection efficiency is greatly influenced by the geometric shape of the surface of the welding line, structural clutter appears, and detection omission and erroneous judgment are easy; the A-type pulse ultrasonic detection method is simple, convenient and accurate, but has low scanning efficiency, and long working time is required for scanning the welding line in a high temperature state; the phased array ultrasonic scanning efficiency is high, the speed is high, but because the probe is made of a plurality of chips, the temperature influence is larger, and the defect quantification is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a welding joint combination detection method in a high-temperature state, which can accurately detect the defects of the welding joint.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the method for detecting the welded joint combination in the high temperature state comprises the following steps:
surface treatment is carried out on the welded joint and the base materials at two sides;
carrying out surface wave ultrasonic detection on the welding joint;
performing magnetic powder detection on the welding joint;
carrying out phased array ultrasonic detection on the welding joint;
carrying out A-type ultrasonic detection on the welding joint;
and comprehensively determining the defects of the welding joint according to the surface wave ultrasonic detection result, the magnetic powder detection result, the phased array ultrasonic detection result and the A-type ultrasonic detection result.
The specific process for carrying out surface treatment on the welded joint and the base materials at two sides comprises the following steps:
and (3) removing an oxide layer and greasy dirt on the scanned surface, and polishing all welding beads and welding line positions to ensure that the roughness of the welded joint and base materials on two sides is less than or equal to 6.3 mu m.
The specific process for carrying out surface wave ultrasonic detection on the welded joint is as follows:
and carrying out surface wave detection at a position, which is more than or equal to 30mm from the edge of the welding line, of the front edge of the probe, wherein the detection interval is less than or equal to 5 times the width of the probe.
The specific operation of phased array ultrasonic detection of the welding joint is as follows:
and carrying out phased array ultrasonic detection on the welding joint by using a high-temperature-resistant phased array probe and a wedge block.
And if the surface wave ultrasonic detection and the magnetic powder detection have defects, the surface wave ultrasonic detection result is used as the reference.
And carrying out periodic supervision detection on the defects detected by the surface wave ultrasonic but not detected by the magnetic powder.
And (3) detecting defects of phased array ultrasonic and A-type ultrasonic, and taking the most serious detection results in phased array ultrasonic detection and A-type ultrasonic detection as the reference.
And (3) detecting the defects which are detected by the phased array ultrasonic and not detected by the A-type ultrasonic, and taking the result of the phased array ultrasonic detection as the reference.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
when the welding joint combination detection method in the high temperature state is specifically operated, the internal defects and the surface defects of the welding joint in the high temperature state can be detected through surface wave ultrasonic interval scanning, dry magnetic powder comprehensive and local detection, phased array ultrasonic comprehensive and quick scanning and A-type pulse ultrasonic local scanning, the detection sensitivity is high, the efficiency is high, the reliability is high, and the engineering application value is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a defect magnetic trace at the time of detection;
FIG. 3 is an ultrasonic defect map of the welding inner phased array at the time of detection.
Detailed Description
In order to make the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the following description will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments, but not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as not to unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present disclosure. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
In the accompanying drawings, there is shown a schematic structural diagram in accordance with a disclosed embodiment of the invention. The figures are not drawn to scale, wherein certain details are exaggerated for clarity of presentation and may have been omitted. The shapes of the various regions, layers and their relative sizes, positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely exemplary, may in practice deviate due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and one skilled in the art may additionally design regions/layers having different shapes, sizes, relative positions as actually required.
Referring to fig. 1, the method for detecting a welded joint combination in a high temperature state according to the present invention comprises the steps of:
1) Surface treatment is carried out on the welded joint and the base materials at two sides;
specifically, removing an oxide layer and greasy dirt on a scanning surface, polishing all welding beads and welding lines to make smooth transition, so that the roughness of welded joints and base materials on two sides is less than or equal to 6.3 mu m;
2) Carrying out surface wave ultrasonic detection on the welding joint;
surface wave detection is carried out at a position, which is 30mm away from the edge of the welding line, of the front edge of the probe, wherein the width of the probe is less than or equal to 5 times, and the scanning sensitivity is as follows: the reflection amplitude of the artificial crack with the length of 5mm and the depth of 1mm reaches 80% of the full screen at the position of 80mm, and the defect signal is marked and the interval is reduced when the defect signal is found, and the position and the length of the defect are recorded.
3) Performing magnetic powder detection on the welding joint;
and (3) comprehensively detecting the welded joint by adopting dry magnetic powder, and detecting and confirming the part with defect reflection during ultrasonic detection of the surface wave.
4) Carrying out phased array ultrasonic detection on the welding joint;
and (3) taking a high-temperature-resistant phased array probe and a wedge block, connecting the phased array probe with a phased array detector to form a detection system, and adjusting detection sensitivity according to different wall thicknesses of the workpiece, wherein when the sensitivity is adjusted, the temperature deviation of a test block and a detected welding joint is not more than +/-15 ℃. The sound beam can fully cover the weld joint, and meanwhile, the internal defect that the amplitude of the reflected signal exceeds the evaluation line is recorded.
5) Carrying out A-type ultrasonic detection on the welding joint;
and (3) forming a detection system by using different A-type ultrasonic probes and instruments, wherein the angle difference between the two probes is more than or equal to 10 degrees, the sensitivity is selected according to different thicknesses, and the defect position obtained by phased array ultrasonic detection is confirmed.
6) Defect assessment and quality classification
And if the surface wave ultrasonic detection and the magnetic powder detection have defects, the surface wave ultrasonic detection result is used as the reference.
And carrying out periodic supervision detection on the defects detected by the surface wave ultrasonic but not detected by the magnetic powder.
And (3) detecting defects of phased array ultrasonic and A-type ultrasonic, and taking the most serious detection results in phased array ultrasonic detection and A-type ultrasonic detection as the reference.
And (3) detecting the defects which are detected by the phased array ultrasonic and not detected by the A-type ultrasonic, and taking the result of the phased array ultrasonic detection as the reference.
Example 1
In the methanol synthesis No. 1 intermediate heat exchanger of certain company, the cylinder body is made of SA387GR11CL2, the specification of the welding seam is DN 2100X 85mm, the welding seam width is 45mm, and the outer surface temperature is 160-180 ℃.
The detection method provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
1) Welded joint and two-sided base material processing
Polishing the surface of the welding seam and the base materials at the two sides by adopting an angle grinder, removing surface oxide skin, smoothly transiting between welding beads and between the welding seam and the base materials, and not obtaining sharp edges and corners, wherein the roughness of the welding joint and the base materials at the two sides is less than or equal to 6.3 mu m.
2) Surface wave ultrasonic detection of welded joint
Selecting a 5P 8X 12BM probe (the frequency is 5MHz, the wafer size is 8mm X12 mm), carrying out surface wave ultrasonic detection on the welding joint at intervals of 30mm, wherein the detection scanning sensitivity is as follows: the reflection amplitude of the artificial crack with the length of 5mm and the depth of 1mm reaches 80% of a full screen at the position with the distance of 80 mm. And when the detection is carried out, a defect reflection signal is found, the position and the length of the defect are recorded, the defect is positioned 10mm above the central line of the welding line, and the length is 90mm.
3) Magnetic powder detection is carried out on welded joint
And (3) applying a white contrast agent to the weld joint, carrying out comprehensive detection by using a black dry magnetic powder magnetization method after the contrast agent is completely dried, carrying out key detection on a defect reflection part discovered by surface wave ultrasonic, and finding out that a surface crack is displayed, wherein the defect is positioned 10mm above the center line of the weld joint and the length is 70mm as shown in fig. 2.
4) Phased array ultrasonic inspection of welded joints
A special high-temperature phased array probe (model: 5L 32-0.5X10-HT) is used for connecting a phased array ultrasonic instrument to form a detection system. PRB-III test blocks in standard DL/T1718-2017 'technical procedure for phased array ultrasonic detection of welding joints of thermal power plants' are adopted to adjust sensitivity, and when the sensitivity is adjusted, the temperature of the test blocks is heated to 170 ℃. The evaluation line is phi 2X 60-14dB, the quantitative line is phi 2X 60-8dB, and the waste judgment line is phi 2X 60+2dB. When the weld joint is detected, defects are found at the position with the depth of 50mm of the central line of the weld joint, the length is 15mm, and the wave amplitude phi is 2 multiplied by 60-7dB, as shown in figure 3.
5) Carrying out A-type pulse ultrasonic detection on the welding joint;
and detecting the position of the defect by phased array ultrasonic, performing single-sided double-sided detection on the defect by adopting a 2.5P13 multiplied by 13K1 probe and a 2.5P13 multiplied by 13K1.5 probe, and adjusting the sensitivity by adopting a PRB-III test block in the standard DL/T1718-2017, wherein the test block is heated to 170 ℃ when the sensitivity is adjusted. The evaluation line is phi 2X 60-14dB, the quantitative line is phi 2X 60-8dB, and the waste judgment line is phi 2X 60+2dB. The lengths are all smaller than 15mm, and the maximum wave amplitude phi 2 multiplied by 60-8dB.
6) Defect assessment and quality classification
Surface defect assessment: the defects are found to exist in both surface wave ultrasonic and magnetic powder detection, and the ultrasonic detection result is taken as an evaluation basis, and the defects are surface crack defects and are judged to be inadmissible.
Internal defect assessment: as the A-type ultrasonic detection is compared with the phased array ultrasonic detection result, the phased array ultrasonic detection result shows that the defect length and the defect amplitude are higher, the phased array ultrasonic detection result is taken as an evaluation basis, and the welded joint is rated as I according to the DL/T1718-2017 standard.

Claims (1)

1. The method for detecting the welded joint combination in the high temperature state is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
surface treatment is carried out on the welded joint and the base materials at two sides;
carrying out surface wave ultrasonic detection on the welding joint;
performing magnetic powder detection on the welding joint;
carrying out phased array ultrasonic detection on the welding joint;
carrying out A-type ultrasonic detection on the welding joint;
comprehensively determining defects of the welding joint according to the surface wave ultrasonic detection result, the magnetic powder detection result, the phased array ultrasonic detection result and the A-type ultrasonic detection result;
the specific process for carrying out surface treatment on the welded joint and the base materials at two sides comprises the following steps:
removing an oxide layer and greasy dirt on the scanned surface, and polishing all welding beads and welding line positions to ensure that the roughness of the welded joint and base materials on two sides is less than or equal to 6.3 mu m;
the specific process for carrying out surface wave ultrasonic detection on the welded joint is as follows:
carrying out surface wave detection at a position, which is more than or equal to 30mm away from the edge of the welding line, of the front edge of the probe, wherein the detection interval is less than or equal to 5 times the width of the probe;
the specific operation of phased array ultrasonic detection of the welding joint is as follows:
carrying out phased array ultrasonic detection on the welding joint by using a high-temperature-resistant phased array probe and a wedge block;
the surface wave ultrasonic detection and the magnetic powder detection have defects, and the surface wave ultrasonic detection result is used as the reference;
periodically monitoring and detecting defects detected by surface wave ultrasonic but not detected by magnetic powder;
for the defects detected by both phased array ultrasonic and A-type ultrasonic, the most serious detection result in phased array ultrasonic detection and A-type ultrasonic detection is taken as the reference;
and (3) detecting the defects which are detected by the phased array ultrasonic and not detected by the A-type ultrasonic, and taking the result of the phased array ultrasonic detection as the reference.
CN202110402656.6A 2021-04-14 2021-04-14 Welding joint combination detection method in high-temperature state Active CN113138227B (en)

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CN202110402656.6A CN113138227B (en) 2021-04-14 2021-04-14 Welding joint combination detection method in high-temperature state
PCT/CN2021/115581 WO2022217813A1 (en) 2021-04-14 2021-08-31 Method for combined inspection of welded joints under high temperatures

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113138227B (en) * 2021-04-14 2024-03-08 西安热工研究院有限公司 Welding joint combination detection method in high-temperature state
CN114888405B (en) * 2022-03-31 2023-12-05 阳江核电有限公司 Method for online eliminating defects of special-shaped welding joint of large heat-resistant steel in nuclear power station
CN118130487B (en) * 2024-05-06 2024-07-26 同创兴业(天津)模架有限公司 Welding detection method and system based on scaffold

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