CN113137292A - Control system for steam load of garbage pyrolysis power generation system - Google Patents
Control system for steam load of garbage pyrolysis power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113137292A CN113137292A CN202010052347.6A CN202010052347A CN113137292A CN 113137292 A CN113137292 A CN 113137292A CN 202010052347 A CN202010052347 A CN 202010052347A CN 113137292 A CN113137292 A CN 113137292A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/003—Arrangements for measuring or testing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K21/00—Steam engine plants not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
本发明属于垃圾热解技术领域，具体涉及一种垃圾热解发电系统蒸汽负荷的控制系统。控制器与垃圾进料单元电机变频器、返料单元电机变频器、底部燃烧控制调节阀、侧部燃烧控制调节阀、蒸汽流量调节阀、除盐水泵电机变频器连接；垃圾进料单元与热解单元连接；返料单元与热解单元、固体热载体炉连接；风室与固体热载体炉连接；烟气除尘与热解单元、固体热载体炉、蒸汽过热器连接；水冷壁与除盐水泵、固体热载体炉连接；底部热解气燃烧控制调节阀与底部燃烧器、热解气缓存和热解单元连接；侧部热解气燃烧控制调节阀与侧部燃烧器、热解气缓存和热解单元连接。既满足蒸汽发电系统的高温高压蒸汽需求，又适用于垃圾热解流程的系统特点。
The invention belongs to the technical field of waste pyrolysis, and in particular relates to a control system for the steam load of a waste pyrolysis power generation system. The controller is connected with the motor inverter of the garbage feeding unit, the motor inverter of the return unit, the bottom combustion control regulating valve, the side combustion control regulating valve, the steam flow regulating valve, and the demineralized water pump motor inverter; The dissolving unit is connected; the material returning unit is connected with the pyrolysis unit and the solid heat carrier furnace; the air chamber is connected with the solid heat carrier furnace; the flue gas dedusting is connected with the pyrolysis unit, the solid heat carrier furnace and the steam superheater; The water pump and the solid heat carrier furnace are connected; the bottom pyrolysis gas combustion control valve is connected with the bottom burner, the pyrolysis gas buffer and the pyrolysis unit; the side pyrolysis gas combustion control valve is connected with the side burner and the pyrolysis gas buffer connected to the pyrolysis unit. It not only meets the high temperature and high pressure steam requirements of the steam power generation system, but also is suitable for the system characteristics of the waste pyrolysis process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of garbage pyrolysis, and particularly relates to a steam load control system of a garbage pyrolysis power generation system.
Background
The principle of the existing thermal power generation system is that chemical energy is converted into high-temperature high-pressure steam, a steam turbine drives a generator set to generate power, the power generation load of the generator set adjusts the power generation load by adjusting the operation of the steam turbine and the generator set, and meanwhile, the adjustment of the power generation load is consistent with the power utilization load.
The adjustment of the steam load of the garbage pyrolysis power generation process not only requires the stable adjustment of the steam load, but also realizes the continuous and stable garbage pyrolysis process. The garbage pyrolysis power generation process system heats a solid heat carrier to 600-850 ℃ through a solid heat carrier furnace, and then the solid heat carrier and organic garbage are fully anaerobically mixed in a pyrolysis unit to carry out pyrolysis reaction, so that combustible pyrolysis gas and residual carbon are generated. And (3) the pyrolysis gas is purified by a purification system and then is combusted in a solid heat carrier furnace, and the generated high-temperature flue gas (850-1100 ℃) is used for heating saturated steam by a waste heat recovery boiler so as to realize the steam power generation process. Compared with an incineration power generation process, the garbage pyrolysis power generation process system is more complex, higher in power generation efficiency and better in emission index, and dioxin is not generated in the whole process.
The current mainstream of the garbage power generation market is that the garbage is incinerated, namely, the garbage is simply treated and then is conveyed to a garbage incinerator or an incineration device, and the generated steam is lifted to high-temperature high-pressure superheated steam for power generation through heat exchange between high-temperature flue gas and a waste heat boiler. The pressure and temperature regulation of the steam quantity of the waste incineration power generation process adjusts the conveying quantity according to the heat value of the waste, and adjusts the air quantity in proportion and corrects the air quantity secondarily through the oxygen quantity, so that the regulation of the temperature and the flow of high-temperature flue gas is realized, and the regulation of the steam pressure and the temperature is realized. The steam regulation of the waste incineration power generation process cannot realize good regulation and correction of the waste pyrolysis process and the solid heat carrier circulation system.
In order to guarantee the stable operation of the garbage pyrolysis power generation system, a set of reliable and stable steam load adjusting system must be developed to meet the requirement of the garbage pyrolysis process steam power generation system, the stable operation of the garbage pyrolysis system is guaranteed again, and the steam load of the garbage pyrolysis process is adjusted by adjusting a garbage feeding unit, a material returning unit, a solid heat carrier furnace pyrolysis gas combustion load, a demineralized water pump and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a steam load control system of a garbage pyrolysis power generation system, which not only meets the high-temperature and high-pressure steam requirement of the steam power generation system, but also is suitable for the system characteristics of a garbage pyrolysis process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a steam load control system of a garbage pyrolysis power generation system comprises a controller, a garbage feeding unit, a motor frequency converter, a bottom combustion control regulating valve, a side combustion control regulating valve, a steam flow regulating valve, a demineralized water pump motor frequency converter, a material returning unit motor frequency converter, a pyrolysis unit, a solid heat carrier furnace unit, an air chamber, a water-cooled wall, a flue gas dust removal device, a steam superheater, a pyrolysis gas cache, a bottom burner and a side burner; the controller is connected with a motor frequency converter of the garbage feeding unit, a motor frequency converter of the returning unit, a bottom combustion control regulating valve, a side combustion control regulating valve, a steam flow regulating valve and a frequency converter of a demineralized water pump motor; the garbage feeding unit is connected with the pyrolysis unit; the material returning unit is connected with the pyrolysis unit and the solid heat carrier furnace; the air chamber is connected with the solid heat carrier furnace; the flue gas dust removal and pyrolysis unit, the solid heat carrier furnace and the steam superheater are connected; the water-cooled wall is connected with the desalting water pump and the solid heat carrier furnace; the bottom pyrolysis gas combustion control regulating valve is connected with the bottom burner, the pyrolysis gas cache and the pyrolysis unit; the lateral pyrolysis gas combustion control regulating valve is connected with the lateral burner, the pyrolysis gas buffer and the pyrolysis unit.
The garbage feeder unit conveys the garbage to the pyrolysis unit, meanwhile, the flue gas dust removal conveys the high-temperature solid heat carrier to the pyrolysis unit, and the garbage and the high-temperature solid heat carrier are subjected to pyrolysis reaction to generate pyrolysis gas and carbon residue; the residual carbon and the solid heat carrier are conveyed to the solid heat carrier furnace unit through the material returning unit to be combusted and heated; the outer wall of the solid heat carrier furnace unit is a water-cooled wall which generates saturated steam; high-temperature flue gas generated by the solid heat carrier furnace unit enters a steam superheater after flue gas dust removal to perform secondary heating on saturated steam to generate high-temperature high-pressure superheated steam; and the high-temperature high-pressure superheated steam enters the power generation unit after meeting the conditions.
The steam pipeline of the steam superheater is provided with a steam pressure measuring point PT1, a steam flow measuring point FT1, a solid heat carrier furnace temperature measuring point TT1 and a water cooling wall water liquid level measuring point LT1 which are connected with a controller through signals.
The controller controls a motor frequency converter of the garbage feeding unit, a motor frequency converter of the material returning unit, a fuel gas regulating valve FV1 controlled by bottom combustion, a fuel gas regulating valve FV2 controlled by side combustion, a motor frequency converter of the brine removing pump and a steam flow regulating valve FV3 at the outlet of the steam superheater.
The control loop comprises feeding quantity loop control, material returning quantity loop control, bottom combustion load control, side combustion load control, water liquid level loop control, hearth temperature loop control, steam pressure loop control and steam flow loop control.
The control method comprises the following steps:
1) adjusting the garbage feeding amount by adjusting the frequency of a motor frequency converter of the garbage feeding unit;
2) the return quantity is adjusted by adjusting the frequency of a return motor frequency converter of the return unit, the flow rate of the solid heat carrier and the residual carbon conveyed to the solid heat carrier is increased under the working condition that the return quantity is increased, and at the moment, the combustion load of bottom and side pyrolysis gas is increased by opening fuel adjusting valves FV1 and FV2 controlled by large combustion, so that the increase of the circulation quantity of the solid heat carrier and the increase of the temperature of a hearth are realized; under the working condition that the amount of the returned materials is reduced, the combustion load of bottom pyrolysis gas and the load of side pyrolysis gas are reduced through closing fuel regulating valves FV1 and FV2 controlled by combustion, so that the reduction of the circulation amount of the solid heat carrier and the reduction of the temperature of a hearth are realized;
3) the water wall liquid level is adjusted by adjusting the frequency of a motor frequency converter of the demineralized water pump, the water wall liquid level is increased by increasing the motor frequency, the saturated steam generation amount is increased, the water wall liquid level is reduced by reducing the motor frequency, the heat exchange area is reduced, and the saturated steam generation amount is reduced; the higher the furnace temperature TT1 is, the higher the saturated steam generation amount is, and the lower the furnace temperature TT1 is, the lower the saturated steam generation amount is;
4) high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion of the solid heat carrier furnace secondarily heats saturated steam through a steam superheater, steam pressure is used as a main loop to be adjusted, and steam flow is used as an auxiliary loop to be adjusted; when the steam pressure is low, setting the load opening of the lowest power generation unit of the steam flow regulating valve FV3, increasing the garbage feeding amount through the step 1), and simultaneously increasing the material returning amount, the pyrolysis gas combustion load and the water wall liquid level through the steps 2) and 3), and when the steam pressure reaches a rated value and continues to rise, increasing the steam flow to stabilize the steam pressure, thereby realizing the loop load increase of the steam pressure and the flow; when the steam pressure is high and the steam flow reaches or exceeds a rated value and the load of a steam loop needs to be reduced, reducing the garbage feeding amount through the step 1), reducing the material returning amount, the pyrolysis gas combustion load and the liquid level of a water wall through the step 2) and the step 3), and stabilizing the steam pressure by closing a small steam flow regulating valve FV3 when the steam pressure is reduced to be below the rated value; no adjustment or fine tuning is performed when the steam pressure and steam flow are within the rated ranges.
The beneficial effects obtained by the invention are as follows:
the control system comprises a controller, a garbage feeding unit motor frequency converter, a bottom combustion control regulating valve, a side combustion control regulating valve, a steam flow regulating valve, a demineralized water pump motor frequency converter, a material returning unit motor frequency converter, a pyrolysis unit, a solid heat carrier unit, an air chamber, a water wall, flue gas dust removal, a steam superheater, a pyrolysis gas cache, a bottom burner and a side burner, wherein the steam pressure is regulated as a main loop and the steam flow is regulated as a secondary loop passively in the system regulation process, the load regulation of the steam pressure and the flow of the garbage pyrolysis power generation system can be well realized by regulating the frequency of the garbage feeding unit motor frequency converter and the frequency of the material returning unit motor frequency converter and under the coordination of regulating and controlling the pyrolysis gas combustion load fuel regulating valve of the solid heat carrier furnace and the frequency of the demineralized water pump motor frequency converter, meanwhile, the frequency of the motor frequency converter of the garbage feeding unit and the frequency of the motor frequency converter of the material returning unit are adjusted, and meanwhile, the circulation volume of a heat carrier is adjusted, so that the complete pyrolysis of the household garbage can be stably realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the steam load control system of the garbage pyrolytic power generation system of the present invention comprises a controller, a garbage feeding unit motor frequency converter, a bottom combustion control regulating valve, a side combustion control regulating valve, a steam flow regulating valve, a demineralized water pump motor frequency converter, a material returning unit motor frequency converter, a pyrolysis unit, a solid heat carrier furnace unit, an air chamber, a water wall, a flue gas dust removal device, a steam superheater, a pyrolysis gas buffer, a bottom burner, and a side burner; the controller is connected with a motor frequency converter of the garbage feeding unit, a motor frequency converter of the returning unit, a bottom combustion control regulating valve, a side combustion control regulating valve, a steam flow regulating valve and a frequency converter of a demineralized water pump motor; the garbage feeding unit is connected with the pyrolysis unit; the material returning unit is connected with the pyrolysis unit and the solid heat carrier furnace; the air chamber is connected with the solid heat carrier furnace; the flue gas dust removal and pyrolysis unit, the solid heat carrier furnace and the steam superheater are connected; the water-cooled wall is connected with the desalting water pump and the solid heat carrier furnace; the bottom pyrolysis gas combustion control regulating valve is connected with the bottom burner, the pyrolysis gas cache and the pyrolysis unit; the lateral pyrolysis gas combustion control regulating valve is connected with the lateral burner, the pyrolysis gas buffer and the pyrolysis unit.
The garbage feeder unit conveys the garbage to the pyrolysis unit, meanwhile, the flue gas dust removal conveys the high-temperature solid heat carrier to the pyrolysis unit, and the garbage and the high-temperature solid heat carrier are subjected to pyrolysis reaction to generate pyrolysis gas and carbon residue; the residual carbon and the solid heat carrier are conveyed to the solid heat carrier furnace unit through the material returning unit to be combusted and heated; the outer wall of the solid heat carrier furnace unit is a water-cooled wall which generates saturated steam; high-temperature flue gas generated by the solid heat carrier furnace unit enters a steam superheater after flue gas dust removal to perform secondary heating and pressurization on saturated steam to generate high-temperature high-pressure superheated steam; and the high-temperature high-pressure superheated steam enters the power generation unit after meeting the conditions.
The steam pipeline of the steam superheater is provided with a steam pressure measuring point PT1, a steam flow measuring point FT1, a solid heat carrier furnace hearth temperature measuring point TT1 and a water wall water liquid level measuring point LT1 which are connected with the controller through signals.
The controller controls a motor frequency converter of the garbage feeding unit, a motor frequency converter of the material returning unit, a fuel gas regulating valve FV1 controlled by bottom combustion, a fuel gas regulating valve FV2 controlled by side combustion, a motor frequency converter of the brine removing pump and a steam flow regulating valve FV3 at the outlet of the steam superheater.
The garbage pyrolysis steam power generation system control loop comprises feeding quantity loop control, material returning quantity loop control, bottom combustion load control, side combustion load control, water liquid level loop control, hearth temperature loop control, steam pressure loop control and steam flow loop control.
The control method comprises the following steps:
1) adjusting the garbage feeding amount by adjusting the frequency of a motor frequency converter of the garbage feeding unit;
2) the return quantity is adjusted by adjusting the frequency of a return motor frequency converter of the return unit, the flow rate of the solid heat carrier and the residual carbon conveyed to the solid heat carrier is increased under the working condition that the return quantity is increased, and at the moment, the combustion load of bottom and side pyrolysis gas is increased by opening fuel adjusting valves FV1 and FV2 controlled by large combustion, so that the increase of the circulation quantity of the solid heat carrier and the increase of the temperature of a hearth are realized; under the working condition that the amount of the returned materials is reduced, the combustion load of bottom pyrolysis gas and the load of side pyrolysis gas are reduced through closing fuel regulating valves FV1 and FV2 controlled by combustion, so that the reduction of the circulation amount of the solid heat carrier and the reduction of the temperature of a hearth are realized;
3) the frequency of a frequency converter of a motor of the demineralized water pump is adjusted to adjust the liquid level of the water wall, the frequency of the motor is increased to improve the liquid level of the water wall, the generation amount of saturated steam is increased, the frequency of the motor is reduced to reduce the liquid level of the water wall, the heat exchange area is reduced, and the generation amount of the saturated steam is reduced; the higher the furnace temperature TT1 is, the higher the saturated steam generation amount is, and the lower the furnace temperature TT1 is, the lower the saturated steam generation amount is;
4) high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion of the solid heat carrier furnace secondarily heats saturated steam through the steam superheater, steam pressure is used as a main loop to be adjusted, and steam flow is used as an auxiliary loop to be adjusted. When the steam pressure is low, setting the load opening of the lowest power generation unit of the steam flow regulating valve FV3, increasing the garbage feeding amount through the step 1), and simultaneously increasing the material returning amount, the pyrolysis gas combustion load and the water wall liquid level through the steps 2) and 3), and when the steam pressure reaches a rated value and continues to rise, increasing the steam flow to stabilize the steam pressure, thereby realizing the loop load increase of the steam pressure and the flow; when the steam pressure is high and the steam flow reaches or exceeds a rated value and the load of a steam loop needs to be reduced, reducing the garbage feeding amount through the step 1), reducing the material returning amount, the pyrolysis gas combustion load and the liquid level of a water wall through the step 2) and the step 3), and stabilizing the steam pressure by closing a small steam flow regulating valve FV3 when the steam pressure is reduced to be below the rated value; no adjustment or fine tuning is performed when the steam pressure and steam flow are within the rated ranges.
The water-cooled wall of the solid heat carrier furnace generates saturated steam, and the saturated steam generates high-temperature high-pressure superheated steam after heat exchange with high-temperature flue gas generated by the solid heat carrier furnace unit through the steam superheater so as to meet the requirements of the steam power generation unit. Steam pressure and flow can not be adjusted independently and rapidly, so that the adjustment mode is that the steam pressure is a main adjustment loop, the steam flow is an auxiliary adjustment loop, the steam flow is passively adjusted according to the result after the steam pressure is adjusted, the steam load of the garbage pyrolysis steam power generation system is adjusted into system adjustment, and the garbage pyrolysis steam power generation system has complexity, linkage and hysteresis, and the specific control mode is as follows:
1) the garbage pyrolysis process requires that the feeding amount of a garbage feeding unit is matched with the circulating amount of a high-temperature solid heat carrier so as to generate stable pyrolysis gas and carbon residue, and the garbage pyrolysis load is adjusted to increase the feeding amount of the garbage, so that the return amount and the combustion load of the pyrolysis gas of the solid heat carrier furnace are correspondingly increased; reducing the garbage pyrolysis load, and simultaneously reducing the garbage feeding amount, the returning amount and the pyrolysis gas combustion load of the solid heat carrier furnace;
2) the hearth temperature TT1 of the solid heat carrier furnace is related to the pyrolysis gas load and the return charge (the return charge contains carbon residue), and the larger the pyrolysis gas load is, the larger the return charge is, the higher the hearth temperature TT1 is; otherwise, the lower the rate is;
3) the saturated steam generation quantity is related to the liquid level LT1 of the water cooling wall of the solid heat carrier furnace and the temperature TT1 of the hearth, and the higher the liquid level LT1 of the water cooling wall and the temperature TT1 of the hearth are, the higher the primary steam generation quantity is; otherwise, the lower the rate is;
4) the pressure PT1 and the flow FT1 of the high-temperature high-pressure superheated steam are related to the generation amount of saturated steam and the load of the solid heat carrier furnace, and the higher the generation amount of the saturated steam is, the higher the combustion load and the return amount of pyrolysis gas of the solid heat carrier furnace are, and the higher the pressure PT1 and the flow FT1 of the high-temperature high-pressure steam are; otherwise, the lower the rate is;
5) according to 1), 2), 3), 4), the adjusting sequence of the steam load increase of the garbage pyrolysis steam power generation system is as follows: increasing the frequency of a motor frequency converter of a garbage feeding unit → increasing the frequency of a motor frequency converter of a returning unit → opening pyrolysis gas combustion regulating valves FV1 and FV2 at the bottom and the side of a large solid heat carrier furnace unit → increasing the frequency of a motor frequency converter of a demineralized water pump → increasing a steam flow regulating valve FV3 after steam pressure rises; the adjusting sequence of the steam load reduction of the garbage pyrolysis steam power generation system is as follows: reducing the frequency of a motor frequency converter of a garbage feeding unit → reducing the frequency of a motor frequency converter of a material returning unit → closing small solid heat carrier furnace unit pyrolysis gas combustion load regulating valves FV1 and FV2 → reducing the frequency of a motor frequency converter of a demineralized water pump → closing small steam flow regulating valve FV3 after steam pressure is reduced.
A steam load control system of a garbage pyrolysis power generation system comprises a controller, a garbage feeding unit, a motor frequency converter, a bottom combustion control regulating valve, a side combustion control regulating valve, a steam flow regulating valve, a demineralized water pump motor frequency converter, a material returning unit motor frequency converter, a pyrolysis unit, a solid heat carrier furnace unit, an air chamber, a water-cooled wall, a flue gas dust removal device, a steam superheater, a pyrolysis gas cache, a bottom burner and a side burner; the controller is connected with a motor frequency converter of the garbage feeding unit, a motor frequency converter of the returning unit, a bottom combustion control regulating valve, a side combustion control regulating valve, a steam flow regulating valve and a frequency converter of a demineralized water pump motor; the garbage feeding unit is connected with the pyrolysis unit; the material returning unit is connected with the pyrolysis unit and the solid heat carrier furnace; the air chamber is connected with the solid heat carrier furnace; the flue gas dust removal and pyrolysis unit, the solid heat carrier furnace and the steam superheater are connected; the water-cooled wall is connected with the desalting water pump and the solid heat carrier furnace; the bottom pyrolysis gas combustion control regulating valve is connected with the bottom burner, the pyrolysis gas cache and the pyrolysis unit; the lateral pyrolysis gas combustion control regulating valve is connected with the lateral burner, the pyrolysis gas buffer and the pyrolysis unit.
The garbage feeder unit conveys the garbage to the pyrolysis unit, meanwhile, the flue gas dust removal conveys the high-temperature solid heat carrier to the pyrolysis unit, and the garbage and the high-temperature solid heat carrier are subjected to pyrolysis reaction to generate pyrolysis gas and carbon residue; the residual carbon and the solid heat carrier are conveyed to the solid heat carrier furnace unit through the material returning unit to be combusted and heated; the outer wall of the solid heat carrier furnace unit is a water-cooled wall which generates saturated steam; high-temperature flue gas generated by the solid heat carrier furnace unit enters a steam superheater after flue gas dust removal to perform secondary heating on saturated steam to generate high-temperature high-pressure superheated steam; and the high-temperature high-pressure superheated steam enters the power generation unit after meeting the conditions.
The steam pipeline of the steam superheater is provided with a steam pressure measuring point PT1, a steam flow measuring point FT1, a solid heat carrier furnace temperature measuring point TT1 and a water cooling wall water liquid level measuring point LT1 which are connected with a controller through signals.
The controller controls a motor frequency converter of the garbage feeding unit, a motor frequency converter of the material returning unit, a fuel gas regulating valve FV1 controlled by bottom combustion, a fuel gas regulating valve FV2 controlled by side combustion, a motor frequency converter of the brine removing pump and a steam flow regulating valve FV3 at the outlet of the steam superheater.
The control loop comprises feeding quantity loop control, material returning quantity loop control, bottom combustion load control, side combustion load control, water liquid level loop control, hearth temperature loop control, steam pressure loop control and steam flow loop control.
The control method comprises the following steps:
1) adjusting the garbage feeding amount by adjusting the frequency of a motor frequency converter of the garbage feeding unit;
2) the return quantity is adjusted by adjusting the frequency of a return motor frequency converter of the return unit, the flow rate of the solid heat carrier and the residual carbon conveyed to the solid heat carrier is increased under the working condition that the return quantity is increased, and at the moment, the combustion load of bottom and side pyrolysis gas is increased by opening fuel adjusting valves FV1 and FV2 controlled by large combustion, so that the increase of the circulation quantity of the solid heat carrier and the increase of the temperature of a hearth are realized; under the working condition that the amount of the returned materials is reduced, the combustion load of bottom pyrolysis gas and the load of side pyrolysis gas are reduced through closing fuel regulating valves FV1 and FV2 controlled by combustion, so that the reduction of the circulation amount of the solid heat carrier and the reduction of the temperature of a hearth are realized;
3) the water wall liquid level is adjusted by adjusting the frequency of a motor frequency converter of the demineralized water pump, the water wall liquid level is increased by increasing the motor frequency, the saturated steam generation amount is increased, the water wall liquid level is reduced by reducing the motor frequency, the heat exchange area is reduced, and the saturated steam generation amount is reduced; the higher the furnace temperature TT1 is, the higher the saturated steam generation amount is, and the lower the furnace temperature TT1 is, the lower the saturated steam generation amount is;
4) high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion of the solid heat carrier furnace secondarily heats saturated steam through a steam superheater, steam pressure is used as a main loop to be adjusted, and steam flow is used as an auxiliary loop to be adjusted; when the steam pressure is low, setting the load opening of the lowest power generation unit of the steam flow regulating valve FV3, increasing the garbage feeding amount through the step 1), and simultaneously increasing the material returning amount, the pyrolysis gas combustion load and the water wall liquid level through the steps 2) and 3), and when the steam pressure reaches a rated value and continues to rise, increasing the steam flow to stabilize the steam pressure, thereby realizing the loop load increase of the steam pressure and the flow; when the steam pressure is high and the steam flow reaches or exceeds a rated value and the load of a steam loop needs to be reduced, reducing the garbage feeding amount through the step 1), reducing the material returning amount, the pyrolysis gas combustion load and the liquid level of a water wall through the step 2) and the step 3), and stabilizing the steam pressure by closing a small steam flow regulating valve FV3 when the steam pressure is reduced to be below the rated value; no adjustment or fine tuning is performed when the steam pressure and steam flow are within the rated ranges.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a control system of rubbish pyrolysis power generation system steam load which characterized in that: the system comprises a controller, a garbage feeding unit motor frequency converter, a bottom combustion control regulating valve, a side combustion control regulating valve, a steam flow regulating valve, a demineralized water pump motor frequency converter, a material returning unit motor frequency converter, a pyrolysis unit, a solid heat carrier furnace unit, an air chamber, a water-cooled wall, flue gas dust removal, a steam superheater, a pyrolysis gas cache, a bottom combustor and a side combustor; the controller is connected with a motor frequency converter of the garbage feeding unit, a motor frequency converter of the returning unit, a bottom combustion control regulating valve, a side combustion control regulating valve, a steam flow regulating valve and a frequency converter of a demineralized water pump motor; the garbage feeding unit is connected with the pyrolysis unit; the material returning unit is connected with the pyrolysis unit and the solid heat carrier furnace; the air chamber is connected with the solid heat carrier furnace; the flue gas dust removal and pyrolysis unit, the solid heat carrier furnace and the steam superheater are connected; the water-cooled wall is connected with the desalting water pump and the solid heat carrier furnace; the bottom pyrolysis gas combustion control regulating valve is connected with the bottom burner, the pyrolysis gas cache and the pyrolysis unit; the lateral pyrolysis gas combustion control regulating valve is connected with the lateral burner, the pyrolysis gas buffer and the pyrolysis unit.
2. The system for controlling the steam load of a refuse pyrolysis power generation system according to claim 1, wherein: the garbage feeding unit conveys the garbage to the pyrolysis unit, meanwhile, the flue gas dust removal conveys the high-temperature solid heat carrier to the pyrolysis unit, and the garbage and the high-temperature solid heat carrier are subjected to pyrolysis reaction to generate pyrolysis gas and carbon residue; the residual carbon and the solid heat carrier are conveyed to the solid heat carrier furnace unit through the material returning unit to be combusted and heated; the outer wall of the solid heat carrier furnace unit is a water-cooled wall which generates saturated steam; high-temperature flue gas generated by the solid heat carrier furnace unit enters a steam superheater after flue gas dust removal to perform secondary heating on saturated steam to generate high-temperature high-pressure superheated steam; and the high-temperature high-pressure superheated steam enters the power generation unit after meeting the conditions.
3. The system for controlling the steam load of a refuse pyrolysis power generation system according to claim 1, wherein: the steam pipeline of the steam superheater is provided with a steam pressure measuring point PT1, a steam flow measuring point FT1, a solid heat carrier furnace hearth temperature measuring point TT1 and a water wall water liquid level measuring point LT1 which are connected with the controller through signals.
4. The system for controlling the steam load of a refuse pyrolysis power generation system according to claim 1, wherein: the controller controls a motor frequency converter of the garbage feeding unit, a motor frequency converter of the material returning unit, a gas regulating valve FV1 for bottom combustion control, a gas regulating valve FV2 for side combustion control, a frequency converter of a motor of the demineralized water pump and a steam flow regulating valve FV3 at the outlet of the steam superheater.
5. The system for controlling the steam load of a refuse pyrolysis power generation system according to claim 1, wherein: the control loop comprises feeding quantity loop control, material returning quantity loop control, bottom combustion load control, side combustion load control, water liquid level loop control, hearth temperature loop control, steam pressure loop control and steam flow loop control.
6. The system for controlling the steam load of a refuse pyrolysis power generation system according to claim 1, wherein: the control method comprises the following steps:
1) adjusting the garbage feeding amount by adjusting the frequency of a motor frequency converter of the garbage feeding unit;
2) the return quantity is adjusted by adjusting the frequency of a return motor frequency converter of the return unit, the flow rate of the solid heat carrier and the residual carbon conveyed to the solid heat carrier is increased under the working condition that the return quantity is increased, and at the moment, the combustion load of bottom and side pyrolysis gas is increased by opening fuel adjusting valves FV1 and FV2 controlled by large combustion, so that the increase of the circulation quantity of the solid heat carrier and the increase of the temperature of a hearth are realized; under the working condition that the amount of the returned materials is reduced, the combustion load of bottom pyrolysis gas and the load of side pyrolysis gas are reduced through closing fuel regulating valves FV1 and FV2 controlled by combustion, so that the reduction of the circulation amount of the solid heat carrier and the reduction of the temperature of a hearth are realized;
3) the water wall liquid level is adjusted by adjusting the frequency of a motor frequency converter of the demineralized water pump, the water wall liquid level is increased by increasing the motor frequency, the saturated steam generation amount is increased, the water wall liquid level is reduced by reducing the motor frequency, the heat exchange area is reduced, and the saturated steam generation amount is reduced; the higher the furnace temperature TT1 is, the higher the saturated steam generation amount is, and the lower the furnace temperature TT1 is, the lower the saturated steam generation amount is;
4) high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion of the solid heat carrier furnace secondarily heats saturated steam through a steam superheater, steam pressure is used as a main loop to be adjusted, and steam flow is used as an auxiliary loop to be adjusted; when the steam pressure is low, setting the load opening of the lowest power generation unit of the steam flow regulating valve FV3, increasing the garbage feeding amount through the step 1), and simultaneously increasing the material returning amount, the pyrolysis gas combustion load and the water wall liquid level through the steps 2) and 3), and when the steam pressure reaches a rated value and continues to rise, increasing the steam flow to stabilize the steam pressure, thereby realizing the loop load increase of the steam pressure and the flow; when the steam pressure is high and the steam flow reaches or exceeds a rated value and the load of a steam loop needs to be reduced, reducing the garbage feeding amount through the step 1), reducing the material returning amount, the pyrolysis gas combustion load and the liquid level of a water wall through the step 2) and the step 3), and stabilizing the steam pressure by closing a small steam flow regulating valve FV3 when the steam pressure is reduced to be below the rated value; no adjustment or fine tuning is performed when the steam pressure and steam flow are within the rated ranges.
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