CN113035400B - Passive high-efficiency heat exchanger of sparse-membrane containment - Google Patents
Passive high-efficiency heat exchanger of sparse-membrane containment Download PDFInfo
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- CN113035400B CN113035400B CN202110246388.3A CN202110246388A CN113035400B CN 113035400 B CN113035400 B CN 113035400B CN 202110246388 A CN202110246388 A CN 202110246388A CN 113035400 B CN113035400 B CN 113035400B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/18—Emergency cooling arrangements; Removing shut-down heat
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/02—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/02—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices
- G21C15/14—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices from headers; from joints in ducts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/24—Promoting flow of the coolant
- G21C15/26—Promoting flow of the coolant by convection, e.g. using chimneys, using divergent channels
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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Abstract
The invention provides a sparse membrane type containment passive efficient heat exchanger, wherein an outlet pipe of the containment passive heat exchanger is connected with an inlet pipeline of a containment external heat exchange water tank through an upper pipe section, and an inlet pipe is connected with an outlet pipeline of a containment external heat exchange water tank through a lower pipe section, so that a passive containment cooling system is formed. The umbrella-shaped flow distribution plate is arranged in the center of the tube bundle and plays a role in radially distributing and evacuating the air film; the round membrane-dredging baffle plates are arranged in the axial direction of the tube bundle at equal intervals and are used for inhibiting the thickening of the air membrane, so that the heat exchange enhancement effect is achieved, and the round membrane-dredging baffle plates and the umbrella-shaped membrane-dredging baffle plates are used separately. According to the invention, when a breach accident occurs in the containment vessel, the heat in the containment vessel can be efficiently taken away, and by utilizing the structure of the umbrella-shaped splitter plate or the circular membrane dredging baffle plate, the non-condensable gas membrane can be thinned, the contact between gas and the tube bundle is enhanced, the efficient heat transfer is realized, the efficient temperature and pressure reduction in the containment vessel under the accident condition can be ensured, the safety of the containment vessel is enhanced, and a feasible scheme is provided for reducing the construction cost of the containment vessel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a passive containment cooling system efficient heat exchange device, in particular to a passive membrane type containment passive efficient heat exchanger.
Background
Since the discovery of nuclear energy, people have been concerned. With the continuous development and maturity of nuclear energy technology, nuclear energy has gradually become a new main energy source since the 20 th century, and the characteristics of cleanness and high efficiency make the application more and more extensive.
The nuclear energy brings clean and efficient energy to human beings and brings a plurality of risks. Such as the three severe nuclear accidents of trilly isle, chernobiles and fukushima, have caused great trauma to the living environment and economic development of the human society. Therefore, in order to relieve serious consequences of accidents and effectively guarantee the safety of a nuclear power plant, a passive containment cooling system is introduced into the third generation nuclear power technology.
The passive containment cooling system generally comprises a containment built-in heat exchanger, a containment external heat exchange water tank, and pipelines and valves for connecting the heat exchange water tank and the heat exchanger. When an accident occurs to the reactor, a large amount of high-temperature steam can be sprayed in the containment vessel and can contact with a heat exchange pipe of the built-in heat exchanger for condensation and heat exchange, so that cooling water of the upper pipe section can continuously absorb heat, the temperature is increased, natural circulation is formed between the heat exchanger and the heat exchange water tank due to the density difference of the upper pipe section and the lower pipe section, heat in the containment vessel is continuously led out, the containment vessel is prevented from being over-heated and over-pressurized, and the integrity of the containment vessel is ensured.
In case of an accident, in order to prevent the problem that a large amount of heat in the containment cannot be led out in time, a heat exchange enhancement measure of the passive containment heat exchanger needs to be considered. In the existing patent, a patent with publication number CN108122622A, CN106782698a provides a novel passive external heat exchange water tank structure of a containment, so that the heat exchange water tank has long-term and efficient operation capability. The patent with the publication number of CN202614053U, CN108206064A, CN206907494U provides a novel passive heat exchange system structure respectively, which is beneficial to the integration of the system and saves the space. The patents are characterized in that other equipment except the built-in heat exchanger in the PCCS is mainly concerned, the natural circulation capacity and the long-term operation capacity of the PCCS are improved through modification, but the key point for improving the heat exchange capacity of the PCCS is the improvement of the heat exchange capacity of the built-in heat exchanger in the containment.
In the development process of accidents, the PCCS operates for a long time to gradually lead out heat in the containment, during the operation of the PCCS, steam can be greatly condensed on the surface of the heat exchanger arranged in the containment, and simultaneously, a large amount of non-condensable gas is collected on the outer surface of the heat exchanger arranged in the containment, so that a gas film can be formed on the outer surface of each heat exchange tube to inhibit the condensation and heat transfer of the steam.
Therefore, a sparse-film type containment passive efficient heat exchanger is needed to be invented to enhance the condensation capacity of the containment passive heat exchanger, efficiently take away heat in a containment, ensure that the interior of the containment can be efficiently cooled and depressurized under an accident condition, and enhance the safety of the containment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hydrophobic membrane type containment passive efficient heat exchanger, which is used for realizing efficient conduction of heat in a containment, ensuring the structural integrity of the containment and providing a feasible scheme for reducing the construction cost of the containment.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: the heat exchanger comprises a containment, a heat exchange water tank with an external containment, a heat exchanger with an internal containment, an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe, a lower pipe section, an upper pipe section and a hydrophobic membrane type structure arranged in the center of a heat exchange pipe bundle of the heat exchanger, wherein one end of the inlet pipe is connected with an inlet header of the heat exchanger, the other end of the inlet pipe is communicated with the lower pipe section, one end of the outlet pipe is connected with an outlet header of the heat exchanger, the other end of the outlet pipe is communicated with the upper pipe section, the end part of the upper pipe section penetrates through the containment shell and then is communicated with an inlet pipeline at the bottom of the heat exchange water tank, and the end part of the lower pipe section penetrates through the containment shell and then is communicated with an outlet pipeline at the bottom of the heat exchange water tank; when the heat exchange tubes in the heat exchange tube bundle are uniformly arranged in an annular manner, the sparse membrane structure is at least three sparse membrane plates arranged at equal intervals or is hollow, and the sparse membrane plates are umbrella-shaped sparse membrane plates or circular sparse membrane baffles; when the heat pipes in the heat exchange pipe bundle are arranged by adopting a plurality of coil pipes, the plurality of coil pipes are formed by combining spiral pipes with different coil pipe diameters, and the sparse film type structure is formed by the plurality of coil pipes.
The invention also includes such structural features:
1. the inlet header and the outlet header of the containment built-in heat exchanger both adopt annular headers, the tube heat pipes in the heat exchange tube bundle are straight tube light pipes or spiral light pipes, and the heat exchange tubes are respectively communicated with the inlet header and the outlet header of the containment built-in heat exchanger.
2. When the heat pipes in the heat exchange pipe bundle are uniformly arranged in a ring shape, the heat pipes in the heat exchange pipe bundle are straight pipes or spiral pipes.
3. Umbrella form sparse lamina membranacea adopts the wide inverted funnel shape under the narrow upper portion, from last down in proper order equidistant arrange in the middle of heat exchanger tube bundles to the upper portion opening reduces from last down in proper order, and last umbrella form sparse lamina membranacea upper portion adopts and closes the mouth, and its umbrella form sparse lamina membranacea passes through vertical support column welding on heat exchanger entry and export header.
4. The circular membrane-dredging baffles are arranged on the axial direction of the heat exchange tube bundle at equal intervals, and divide the tube bundle into a plurality of intervals in the axial direction.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The invention designs three containment passive efficient heat exchanger structures, including a hollow type, an umbrella-shaped membrane-dredging type and a membrane-dredging baffle type. On one hand, the flow of gas in the radial direction of the tube bundle of the heat exchanger is greatly promoted, and the contact between the gas and the heat exchange tube is enhanced, so that the condensation heat exchange capability of the passive containment heat exchanger is enhanced; on the other hand, the thickness of the air film in the axial direction of the tube bundle is effectively reduced, the process that the air film is gradually accumulated and thickened along with the gravity is inhibited, and the condensation heat exchange of the passive containment heat exchanger is enhanced.
2) According to the invention, the spiral light tube and the special spiral structure of the spiral light tube are introduced into the passive heat exchanger of the containment, so that water in the heat exchange tube generates secondary flow, thereby enhancing convection heat exchange in the tube, inhibiting deposition of external non-condensable gas on the outer surface of the tube, and enhancing the condensation heat exchange capability of the passive heat exchanger of the containment.
3) When a serious accident occurs to the reactor, the invention can efficiently take away the heat in the containment vessel, ensure the rapid temperature reduction and depressurization in the containment vessel, maintain the pressure and the temperature in the containment vessel within the safety limit value, and ensure the integrity of the containment vessel structure without reducing the construction cost of the containment vessel.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2a is a schematic diagram of the construction of a hollow straight tube bundle heat exchanger, FIG. 2b is a front view of the hollow straight tube bundle heat exchanger, and FIG. 2c is a top view of the hollow straight tube bundle heat exchanger;
FIG. 3a is a schematic structural diagram of a straight tube bundle heat exchanger adopting a circular membrane-sparse baffle, FIG. 3b is a front view of the straight tube bundle heat exchanger adopting the circular membrane-sparse baffle, and FIG. 3c is a top view of the straight tube bundle heat exchanger adopting the circular membrane-sparse baffle;
fig. 4a is a schematic structural diagram of a straight tube bundle heat exchanger using umbrella-shaped membrane-phobic plates, fig. 4b is a front view of the straight tube bundle heat exchanger using the umbrella-shaped membrane-phobic plates, and fig. 4c is a top view of the straight tube bundle heat exchanger using the umbrella-shaped membrane-phobic plates;
FIG. 5a is a front view of a spiral tube bundle heat exchanger employing an umbrella-shaped membrane-phobic plate, and FIG. 5b is a top view of a spiral tube bundle heat exchanger employing an umbrella-shaped membrane-phobic plate;
figure 6 is a schematic of a multiple coil arrangement of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention relates to a hydrophobic membrane type containment passive efficient heat exchanger which comprises a heat exchanger inlet header, a heat exchanger outlet header, an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe and an umbrella-shaped hydrophobic membrane plate or a circular hydrophobic membrane baffle plate. The passive heat exchanger of the containment is arranged in the containment, and the center of a tube bundle of the heat exchanger is provided with a plurality of umbrella-shaped membrane-dredging plates or a plurality of circular membrane-dredging baffles or a hollow space. One end of the upper pipe section is communicated with an inlet pipeline at the bottom of the heat exchange water tank, and the other end of the upper pipe section extends into the containment and is communicated with an outlet pipe of the heat exchanger; one end of the lower pipe section is communicated with an outlet pipeline at the bottom of the heat exchange water tank, and the other end of the lower pipe section extends into the containment and is communicated with a heat exchanger inlet pipe.
The inlet header and the outlet header of the heat exchanger arranged in the containment adopt annular headers, the inlet header of the heat exchanger is arranged as an inlet of a containment passive heat exchanger, and the outlet header of the heat exchanger is arranged as an outlet of the containment passive heat exchanger;
the heat exchange tubes are preferably straight tube light tubes or spiral light tubes, a plurality of heat exchange tubes are preferably uniformly arranged in an annular mode or arranged in a multi-coil mode, and the heat exchange tubes are respectively communicated with an inlet header of the containment built-in heat exchanger and an outlet header of the containment built-in heat exchanger;
the umbrella-shaped hydrophobic membrane plate is in an inverted funnel shape with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part, is sequentially arranged in the middle of the tube bundle at equal intervals from top to bottom, the upper opening is sequentially reduced from top to bottom, the upper part of the umbrella-shaped hydrophobic membrane plate at the lowest part is closed, and the umbrella-shaped hydrophobic membrane plate is welded on the inlet and outlet headers of the heat exchanger through vertical support columns;
the circular membrane-dredging baffles are arranged in the axial direction of the tube bundle at equal intervals, divide the tube bundle into a plurality of sections axially and are welded on the tube bundle heat exchanger;
one end of the inlet pipe is connected with the inlet header of the heat exchanger, and the other end of the inlet pipe is communicated with the lower pipe section; one end of the outlet pipe is connected with the outlet header of the heat exchanger, and the other end of the outlet pipe is communicated with the upper pipe section;
one end of the upper pipe section extends into the containment through a penetrating piece and is communicated with an outlet pipe of the built-in heat exchanger of the containment, and the other end of the upper pipe section is communicated with an inlet pipeline at the bottom of the heat exchange water tank;
one end of the lower pipe section extends into the interior of the containment through a penetrating piece and is communicated with an inlet pipe of the built-in heat exchanger of the containment, and the other end of the lower pipe section is communicated with an outlet pipeline at the bottom of the heat exchange water tank.
With reference to fig. 1-5, the invention provides a sparse-membrane type passive high-efficiency heat exchanger for a containment vessel. The heat exchanger mainly comprises a built-in containment heat exchanger 1, an external containment heat exchange water tank 2, a containment inner wall surface 3, a heat exchanger outlet header 4, a heat exchanger inlet header 5, a containment passive heat exchanger outlet pipe 6, a containment passive heat exchanger inlet pipe 7, an upper pipe section 8, a lower pipe section 9, a containment air space 10, an umbrella-shaped membrane-dredging plate 11, a circular membrane-dredging baffle 12, a support column 13, a heat exchange water tank inlet pipeline 14, a heat exchange water tank outlet pipeline 15 and a heat exchange water tank exhaust port 16.
The invention is mainly applied to the rupture accident of the primary loop or the main steam pipeline when the reactor runs. During a reactor accident, a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure steam is blown out from the containment gas space 10, and the pressure and the temperature in the containment vessel continuously rise. In the initial stage of blowing, the temperature and pressure rise generated by steam are mainly absorbed by the inner wall surface 3 of the containment vessel, a reactor pit and other internal components of the containment vessel; in the later stage of blowing, the heat in the containment is mainly led out by the heat exchanger 1 arranged in the containment.
During a reactor accident, the large volume of high temperature, high pressure gas released at the breach has a low density and some initial kinetic energy, causing the gas to flow up the gas stream in the containment. When steam contacts the heat exchanger 1 arranged in the containment, a large amount of steam can be condensed, and condensed gas and non-condensable gas can be gathered on the outer surface of each heat exchange tube, so that a gas film can be formed on the outer surface of each heat exchange tube to inhibit the condensation and heat transfer of the steam, and the inhibition effect of the central tube of the tube bundle is particularly obvious. In order to inhibit the thickening of the gas film and promote the condensation heat exchange of steam, three containment passive high-efficiency heat exchanger structures are designed, including a hollow type (as shown in figure 2), a membrane-sparse baffle type (as shown in figure 3) and an umbrella-shaped membrane-sparse type (as shown in figure 4). Through the designed efficient heat exchanger structure, steam is efficiently condensed and exchanges heat between the built-in heat exchanger 1 of the containment vessel, and the outer wall surface of the built-in heat exchanger 1 of the containment vessel is washed. After the internal containment heat exchanger 1 and the upper pipe section 8 are heated, the temperature of cooling water in the heat exchange pipe rises, the density drops, and a driving force is formed between the upper pipe section 8 and the lower pipe section 9 due to density difference, so that natural circulation is formed between the internal containment heat exchanger 1 and the external containment heat exchange water tank 2, and heat in a containment is continuously taken away.
Regarding the outlet header 4 and the inlet header 5 of the heat exchanger, most of high-temperature and high-pressure steam in the containment gas space 10 can scour the heat exchanger 1 arranged in the containment from top to bottom, so that the header structure is designed into an annular header to avoid the blocking of steam flow by the header structure, and the steam can scour the heat exchanger 1 arranged in the containment better.
The heat exchange tube of the in-containment heat exchanger 1 preferably adopts a straight tube light pipe 17 (as shown in 2,3,4) or a spiral light pipe 18 (as shown in fig. 5). The heat exchange tubes are provided with a plurality of tubes, preferably in an annular uniform arrangement (such as 2,3,4,5) or a multi-coil arrangement (such as 6), and are respectively communicated with a heat exchanger inlet header 5 and a heat exchanger outlet header 4. The special spiral structure of the spiral light pipe 18 enables water in the heat exchange pipe to generate secondary flow, so that convective heat exchange in the pipe is enhanced, deposition of external non-condensable gas on the outer surface of the pipe is inhibited, and the condensation heat exchange capability of the heat exchanger 1 arranged in the containment is enhanced.
Aiming at a hollow efficient heat exchanger (as shown in fig. 2), specifically, a heat exchanger 1 arranged in a containment adopts a hollow structure. As related researches show, in the tube bundle heat exchanger containing air-steam condensation, the heat exchange inhibition effect of the tube bundle central tube is very obvious, and the air film formed on the outer wall surface of the central tube can also influence the heat exchange capability of the peripheral heat exchange tubes. Therefore, the invention designs the hollow high-efficiency heat exchanger in consideration of the influence of the air film on steam condensation heat exchange, and the central position of the hollow high-efficiency heat exchanger is not provided with a pipe, so that the heat exchange capacity of the heat exchanger 1 arranged in the containment is enhanced. The hollow structure can form the accelerated flow of gas in the hollow area, and the accelerated scouring function can thin the non-condensable gas layer to play a role of dredging the membrane. This arrangement is membrane phobic as compared to conventional heat exchanger arrangements.
For the membrane-sparse baffle type efficient heat exchanger (as shown in fig. 3), specifically, a plurality of circular membrane-sparse baffles 12 (preferably 3 in the present invention) are arranged at equal intervals in the axial direction of the center of the containment built-in heat exchanger 1. The circular sparse membrane baffle 12 is a cylindrical baffle with a certain thickness and is made of high-quality stainless steel, and the radius of the baffle is slightly larger than that of the heat exchanger header. As can be seen from the above steam condensation process, the non-condensable gas gradually accumulates downward in the direction of gravity when the heat exchanger 1 built in the containment vessel is flushed, and the gas film formed gradually becomes thick. Therefore, the internal heat exchanger 1 of the containment is divided into 4 sections in the axial direction by the circular membrane-thinning baffle 12, so that the thickening of the gas membrane is inhibited to a certain extent, and the 4 sections are respectively and independently subjected to condensation heat exchange with high-temperature steam in the containment gas space 10, so that the effects of thinning the gas membrane and enhancing the condensation heat exchange of the steam are achieved.
For an umbrella-mounted membrane-sparse type efficient heat exchanger (as shown in fig. 4), specifically, a plurality of umbrella-shaped membrane-sparse plates 11 (4 are preferably adopted in the present invention) are arranged at equal intervals in the axial direction of the center of the containment built-in heat exchanger 1. The umbrella-shaped membrane-dredging plate 11 is of an inverted funnel-shaped structure with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part, and is sequentially arranged in the middle of the built-in heat exchanger 1 of the containment vessel at equal intervals from top to bottom, an upper opening is sequentially reduced from top to bottom, the upper part of the umbrella-shaped membrane-dredging plate at the lowest part is closed, the radius of the bottom of the umbrella-shaped membrane-dredging plate is equal to that of a heat exchanger header, and the umbrella-shaped membrane-dredging plate is welded on an inlet header 5 and an outlet header 4 of the heat exchanger through vertical support columns 13. When steam flows through the umbrella-shaped membrane-dredging plate, the steam can diffuse around in the middle of the heat exchanger 1 arranged in the containment due to the special structure of the umbrella-shaped membrane-dredging plate 11, so that the steam can better contact with the outer wall surface of the heat exchange tube, and the effect of strengthening steam condensation heat exchange is achieved. The upper opening of the umbrella-shaped sparse membrane plate 11 is designed to be sequentially reduced from top to bottom, the umbrella-shaped sparse membrane plate 11 at the lowest part adopts a closed opening, the reason is that the structure of the umbrella-shaped sparse membrane plate 11 is prevented from hindering steam to flow downwards from the upper part of the built-in heat exchanger 1 of the containment, the steam is excessively dispersed at the upper part, the closed opening is adopted at the lowest part, and the heat exchange efficiency of the steam is enhanced. The upper opening is reduced in sequence until the closed umbrella-shaped design is achieved, so that sufficient steam condensation heat exchange is carried out when steam circulates at each time, and the steam condensation heat exchange efficiency is greatly improved.
For the multi-coil 19, as shown in fig. 6, it is formed by combining the coils with different coil diameters, and a plurality of coils with the same coil diameter can be arranged reasonably under each coil diameter. Because its special arrangement structure compares in above-mentioned annular arrangement mode for under the condition that occupies the same volume, greatly increased the heat transfer area of arranging the pipe, can strengthen heat exchange efficiency to a certain extent, remedied the not enough of the middle-gas body membrane of vertical pipe along vertical direction accumulation bodiness, the effect of the sparse membrane of mentioning. The three high-efficiency heat exchanger structures can also be used in a multi-coil heat exchanger.
For the heat exchange water tank 2 with the external containment, along with the increase of heat brought by the heat exchange water tank inlet pipeline 14 through the upper pipe section 8, water in the water space of the heat exchange water tank 2 is heated to a saturated state continuously, so that the increase of water vapor in the air space of the heat exchange water tank 2 is caused, and the water vapor in the air space is discharged to the atmosphere through the exhaust port 16. In order to prevent rainwater or external organisms from entering the external heat exchange water tank 2 of the containment vessel carelessly, the exhaust port 16 and the wall surface of the heat exchange water tank 2 are obliquely arranged downwards at a certain angle.
In summary, the present invention provides a hydrophobic membrane type containment passive high-efficiency heat exchanger, which mainly comprises a heat exchanger inlet header, a heat exchanger outlet header, an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe, and an umbrella-shaped hydrophobic membrane plate or a circular hydrophobic membrane baffle. The containment passive heat exchanger is arranged in the containment, and a heat exchange tube in the heat exchanger adopts a straight tube light pipe or a spiral light pipe. The containment passive heat exchanger outlet pipe is connected with an external containment heat exchange water tank inlet pipeline through an upper pipe section, and the inlet pipe is connected with an external containment heat exchange water tank outlet pipeline through a lower pipe section, so that a passive containment cooling system is formed. The umbrella-shaped splitter plate is arranged in the center of the tube bundle and plays a role in radially splitting and evacuating the air film; the round membrane-dredging baffle plate is provided with a plurality of layers at equal intervals in the axial direction of the tube bundle and is used for inhibiting the thickening of the air membrane so as to achieve the effect of strengthening heat exchange and is used separately from the umbrella-shaped membrane-dredging plate. According to the invention, when a breach accident occurs in the containment, the heat in the containment can be efficiently taken away, the structure of the umbrella-shaped splitter plate or the circular membrane dredging baffle plate is utilized, the non-condensable gas membrane can be thinned, the contact between gas and the tube bundle is enhanced, the efficient heat transfer is realized, the efficient temperature and pressure reduction in the containment under the accident condition can be ensured, the safety of the containment is enhanced, and a feasible scheme is provided for reducing the construction cost of the containment.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a passive high-efficient heat exchanger of sparse membrane formula containment, includes the external heat exchange water tank of containment, the built-in heat exchanger of containment, its characterized in that: the heat exchanger comprises a shell, a containment shell, an upper tube section, a lower tube section, an upper tube section and a hydrophobic membrane structure, wherein the shell is arranged at the center of a heat exchanger heat exchange tube bundle; the heat exchange tube in the heat exchange tube bundle adopts the annular to evenly arrange, the at least three hydrophobic membrane board that hydrophobic membrane formula structure set up for equidistant, and hydrophobic membrane board is umbelliform hydrophobic membrane board or circular hydrophobic membrane baffle, umbelliform hydrophobic membrane board adopts the wide hopper shape of falling of width under the narrow, from last down equidistant arranging in the middle of the heat exchange tube bundle in proper order, and the upper portion opening down reduces from last in proper order, last umbelliform hydrophobic membrane board upper portion adopts the mouth that closes, circular hydrophobic membrane baffle equidistant arranging is in heat exchange tube bundle axial direction, divide into a plurality of intervals with the tube bundle axial.
2. The sparse-membrane type passive high-efficiency containment heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein: the inlet header and the outlet header of the containment built-in heat exchanger both adopt annular headers, and the heat exchange tube bundle is respectively communicated with the inlet header and the outlet header of the containment built-in heat exchanger.
3. The sparse-membrane type passive high-efficiency containment heat exchanger of claim 2, wherein: the heat exchange tubes in the heat exchange tube bundle adopt straight tubes or spiral tubes.
4. The sparse-membrane type passive high-efficiency containment heat exchanger according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the umbrella-shaped membrane-dredging plate is welded on the inlet and outlet headers of the heat exchanger through the vertical support columns.
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| CN115019984A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-09-06 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | PCS built-in high-efficiency heat exchanger adopting serpentine heat transfer pipe |
| CN115312217A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-11-08 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | PCS built-in high-efficiency heat exchanger adopting microwave wave-shaped heat transfer pipe |
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