CN112960951A - Precast structure combined by concrete and fiber composite bars and concrete preparation method - Google Patents
Precast structure combined by concrete and fiber composite bars and concrete preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112960951A CN112960951A CN202110227419.0A CN202110227419A CN112960951A CN 112960951 A CN112960951 A CN 112960951A CN 202110227419 A CN202110227419 A CN 202110227419A CN 112960951 A CN112960951 A CN 112960951A
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011325 microbead Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000013538 functional additive Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011211 glass fiber reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a precast structure combined by concrete and fiber composite bars and a concrete preparation method, and belongs to the technical field of concrete materials. The high-strength light concrete is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 355 parts of cement 330-containing materials, 125 parts of water 115-containing materials, 220 parts of light sand 200-containing materials, 195 parts of river sand 180-containing materials, 520 parts of light aggregate 490-containing materials, 140 parts of composite admixture 125-containing materials, 9.8-10.8 parts of functional admixture, 15-20 parts of micro beads, 24-33 parts of shrinkage reducing agent and 1.8 parts of polypropylene fibers, wherein the light sand adopts shale ceramic sand, the light aggregate is red mud ceramsite or sludge ceramsite, the composite admixture is formed by mixing slag powder, fly ash and silica fume, the concrete has lower volume weight and lower dry shrinkage value. The prefabricated structure adopts the glass fiber rib, has high strength, light weight and corrosion resistance, and is suitable for coastal or offshore areas, plateau salt lake areas and high earthquake-resistant grade areas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of concrete materials, in particular to a precast structure combined by concrete and fiber composite bars and a concrete preparation method.
Background
The reinforced concrete structure has been developed and applied for nearly a hundred years as the most important building structure at present, the characteristics of high compressive strength and high tensile strength of the reinforcing steel bar of the concrete are effectively utilized, the concrete is perfectly combined into a structural form, the advantages are complementary, and the reinforced concrete structure becomes a building structural form in the world. However, with the development of times, particularly in strong corrosion areas such as oceans and salt lakes, the problems of steel bars in reinforced concrete corrosion in corrosive media and concrete peeling or cracking are increasingly prominent, and the self weight of the reinforced concrete is too large, so that the reinforced concrete is not suitable for modern buildings with higher requirements on earthquake resistance.
For light bars, fiber composite bars have certain market application at present, and compared with common reinforcing steel bars, the fiber composite bars are light and high in strength, the density of the fiber composite bars is only 1/6 of the density of the common reinforcing steel bars, the tensile strength of the fiber composite bars is more than 10 times of that of the common reinforcing steel bars, the fiber composite bars are high in corrosion resistance of strong corrosion media, and the fiber composite bars are an option for replacing the reinforcing steel bars in China as structures or members with high requirements on bearing capacity.
At present, with the rising of novel building structures and components such as assembly type buildings, large-span structures and the like, the light weight of the structure becomes the inevitable requirement of industrial transportation, installation and the like of the buildings, and the heat preservation is the foundation of building energy conservation. With the rapid development of building industrialization and the worldwide requirement for building energy conservation, light weight and heat preservation become the inevitable trend of building material development.
Therefore, the study of weight reduction of a concrete structure is an important subject for the field of prefabricated parts. Generally, two technical routes exist for lightening concrete, namely, the bearing capacity of a structure is improved through the high strength and the high toughness of materials, so that the section size of a member is reduced, and the mass of the member is reduced; and secondly, under the condition that the bearing capacity of the structure is not obviously reduced, the weight of the structure is reduced by reducing the volume weight of the material.
In the process of preparing the concrete, a large amount of solid wastes such as iron tailing slag, fly ash and the like (generally 30-50% of the solid wastes can replace cement clinker) can be adopted, the production cost of the concrete can be reduced by 10%, and the economic and social benefits are obvious.
The prior art has at least the following disadvantages:
1. the volume weight of the lightweight aggregate concrete is still larger, and the traditional hoisting and transporting machinery at present can not meet the requirements and can not be used for producing prefabricated parts.
2. The problems of steel bars in reinforced concrete corrosion in corrosive media and concrete peeling or cracking are increasingly prominent, and the self weight of the reinforced concrete is too large, so that the reinforced concrete is not suitable for modern buildings with higher requirements on earthquake resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a precast structure combined by concrete and fiber composite bars, the concrete adopted in the invention is high-strength lightweight concrete, micro-beads, shrinkage reducing agent and polypropylene fiber are added in addition to cement, water, light sand, river sand, light aggregate, composite admixture and functional additive used in the conventional concrete, according to the weight parts of cement 330-, the composite admixture is formed by mixing slag powder, fly ash and silica fume, wherein the weight ratio of fly ash to slag is (1-1.3):1, and the weight ratio of fly ash to silica fume is 10:1, compared with the volume weight of the concrete adopted by the invention, the volume weight of the concrete adopted by the invention is reduced by 40-50%, and the drying shrinkage value is only about 80% of that of the concrete with the same strength grade. Meanwhile, the fiber composite rib consisting of the glass fiber rib and the basalt fiber rib is matched with the concrete for use, so that the prefabricated structure provided by the invention has high crack resistance, light weight and corrosion resistance, and is suitable for coastal or offshore areas, plateau salt lake areas and high earthquake-resistant grade areas.
The invention provides a precast structure combined by concrete and fiber composite bars,
the concrete is high-strength lightweight concrete, and comprises the components of cement, water, light sand, river sand, lightweight aggregate, a composite admixture and a functional additive, and also comprises the components of microbeads, a shrinkage reducing agent and polypropylene fibers;
the components are mixed according to the following weight portions:
cement 330 and 355; 115 portions of water and 125 portions of water; 200 portions and 220 portions of light sand; 180 portions of river sand and 195 portions; 520 parts of light aggregate 490; 140 portions of composite admixture 125; 9.8-10.8 parts of functional additive; 15-20 parts of microbeads; 24-33 parts of shrinkage reducing agent; 1.8 parts of polypropylene fiber;
the functional additive is prepared by compounding an early strength agent, a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and an air entraining agent;
the dosage of the early strength agent is 0.2-0.3% of the total amount of the cementing material, the dosage of the air entraining agent is 0.25-0.35% of the dosage of the cement, and the dosage of the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent is 1.8-2.5% of the total amount of the cementing material;
the total amount of the cementing material is the sum of the using amounts of cement and mineral admixture; the mineral admixture comprises light sand, river sand, lightweight aggregate and composite admixture;
the prefabricated structure adopts fiber composite bars as hoops and stressed bars;
the fiber composite ribs comprise glass fiber ribs;
and carrying out alkali-resistant coating treatment on the surface of the glass fiber rib.
Preferably, the composite admixture is formed by mixing slag powder, fly ash and silica fume, wherein the weight ratio of the fly ash to the slag is (1-1.3):1, and the weight ratio of the fly ash to the silica fume is 10: 1.
Preferably, the light sand is shale ceramic sand, and the light aggregate is red mud or sludge ceramsite;
the light sandA bulk density of 600 to 700kg/m3Strength of cylinder pressure>5.0MPa, water absorption<3％；
The lightweight aggregate has a bulk density of 600-700 kg/m3Strength of cylinder pressure>8.0Mpa, water absorption<5％。
Preferably, the shale ceramic sand and the river sand are mixed according to the weight ratio of 10: 9.
Preferably, the water reducing rate of the functional additive is more than or equal to 35%, the gas content is 3.5-4%, and the coefficient of the 28d bubble spacing is less than or equal to 250 μm.
Preferably, the early strength agent is calcium chloride, and the air entraining agent is alkyl and alkyl arene sulfonic acid.
Preferably:
the tensile strength of the glass fiber rib parameters is more than or equal to 650Mpa, the shear strength is more than or equal to 120Mpa, the elastic modulus is more than or equal to 50Gpa, and the glass fiber rib is a threaded glass fiber rib;
when the glass fiber reinforcement is used as a stirrup, the diameter is 6-8 mm;
when the glass fiber rib is used as a stress rib, the diameter is 12-30mm according to the design requirement of bearing capacity;
the prefabricated structure adopts fiber composite bars and high-strength lightweight concrete as structural materials;
the glass fiber bars are connected in a steel wire binding or lap joint mode.
Preferably:
the shrinkage reducing agent meets the requirements of the building material industry standard JC/T2361-2016 mortar and concrete shrinkage reducing agent;
the cement is P.II 52.5 cement.
The invention provides a preparation method of concrete of a prefabricated structure for combining the concrete and fiber composite bars, which comprises the following steps:
mixing and stirring 330-355 parts of cement, 125-140 parts of composite admixture and 180-195 parts of river sand for T1 time;
adding 490-520 parts of light aggregate and 200-220 parts of light sand, and mixing and stirring for T2 time; the lightweight aggregate and the light sand need to be wetted in advance before adding, at least fully absorb water for 1 day, and the water absorption amount is deducted from the weight of the added water component;
adding 125 parts of 115-water and 9.8-10.8 parts of functional additive, mixing and stirring, slowly and dispersedly adding 15-20 parts of micro-beads, 24-33 parts of shrinkage reducing agent and 1.8 parts of polypropylene fibers in the mixing and stirring process, wherein the mixing and stirring time is T3 time.
Preferably, T1 is at least 30s, T2 is at least 30s, and T3 is at least 120 s.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the high-strength lightweight concrete prepared from the cement, the water, the light sand, the river sand, the lightweight aggregate, the composite admixture, the functional admixture, the microspheres, the shrinkage reducing agent and the polypropylene fibers according to the mixture ratio has the advantages of light dead weight of the structure, low elastic modulus, short vibration period of the structure under the action of seismic waves and effective dissipation of the seismic waves by pores in the concrete, so that the seismic resistance of the concrete is obviously improved compared with a reinforced concrete structure;
(2) because the porous structure in the lightweight concrete and the fiber composite rib made of the non-heat-conducting material are adopted, the prefabricated structure has very remarkable heat preservation and heat insulation effects, the heat conductivity coefficient of the prefabricated structure is reduced by 20-30% compared with that of the common concrete, and the prefabricated structure is combined with the characteristics of high crack resistance and light weight and is very suitable for multi-story high-rise industry and civil buildings in northern earthquake-prone areas;
(3) the high-strength light concrete and the fiber composite bar adopted by the invention both belong to non-metallic materials, have good service characteristics in high-corrosion environments such as chloride, sulfate and the like, and can not cause the problem of structural failure caused by corrosion of reinforcing steel bars or expansion and cracking of concrete, so the high-strength light concrete and the fiber composite bar are very suitable for oceans, especially buildings in offshore environments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a process for preparing high strength lightweight concrete for use in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the arrangement of reinforcing bars in a lightweight structural concrete prefabricated part according to an embodiment of the present invention; in the figure, a letter A represents a glass fiber rib, namely 3 or 4 glass fiber stress ribs with the diameter of 14mm are longitudinally configured, and a letter B represents a basalt fiber rib, namely a basalt fiber hoop rib with the diameter of 10mm is transversely configured, and is arranged every 100 mm;
fig. 3 is a load-displacement curve diagram of the fiber composite reinforcement-lightweight structural concrete under the action of bending load according to an embodiment of the present invention (L1 is a load-displacement curve of a glass fiber reinforcement and a C50 lightweight structural concrete beam, and L2 is a load-displacement curve of a reinforcement and a C50 concrete structural beam);
FIG. 4 is a curve of the bond slip of the steel bars to the lightweight structural concrete; the area enclosed by the curve and the coordinate axis marks the adhesive force between the steel bar and the concrete;
FIG. 5 is a bond-slip curve of a fiber composite rebar and lightweight structural concrete according to one embodiment of the invention; the area enclosed by the curve and the coordinate axis marks the adhesive force between the glass fiber reinforced plastic and the concrete;
FIG. 6 is a graph of shear load versus deflection of a rebar-lightweight structural concrete beam;
fig. 7 is a shear load-deflection curve of fiber composite bar-lightweight structural concrete according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of fig. 1-7.
The invention provides a precast structure combined by concrete and fiber composite bars,
the concrete is high-strength lightweight concrete, and comprises the components of cement, water, light sand, river sand, lightweight aggregate, a composite admixture and a functional additive, and also comprises the components of microbeads, a shrinkage reducing agent and polypropylene fibers;
the components are mixed according to the following weight portions:
cement 330 and 355; 115 portions of water and 125 portions of water; 200 portions and 220 portions of light sand; 180 portions of river sand and 195 portions; 520 parts of light aggregate 490; 140 portions of composite admixture 125; 9.8-10.8 parts of functional additive; 15-20 parts of microbeads; 24-33 parts of shrinkage reducing agent; 1.8 parts of polypropylene fiber;
the functional additive is prepared by compounding an early strength agent, a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and an air entraining agent;
the dosage of the early strength agent is 0.2-0.3% of the total amount of the cementing material, the dosage of the air entraining agent is 0.25-0.35% of the dosage of the cement, and the dosage of the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent is 1.8-2.5% of the total amount of the cementing material;
the mixing amount of the early strength agent and the water reducing agent is determined according to the initial setting time and the final setting time (early strength agent) of the concrete and the fluidity (water reducing agent), and the recommended mixing amount is obtained by tests, so that the fluidity and the setting time in the process of preparing the concrete are well matched, the fluidity is good, and the setting time is not too long; the mixing amount of the air entraining agent is 10-15 times of that of the conventional concrete mixture, the air entraining agent in the conventional concrete mainly plays a role in freezing resistance, the air entraining agent in the concrete mainly plays a role in reducing the volume weight of the concrete, air bubbles are introduced by the air entraining agent in the concrete and are uniformly arranged in the concrete, and experiments prove that the volume weight can be reduced by 20-30 percent on the basis of the lightweight aggregate concrete, and although the defect of 10 percent loss of the concrete strength is brought, the problem of strength loss can be overcome by a method for reducing the water-cement ratio of the concrete.
The total amount of the cementing material is the sum of the using amounts of cement and mineral admixture; the mineral admixture comprises light sand, river sand, lightweight aggregate and composite admixture;
the prefabricated structure adopts fiber composite bars as hoops and stressed bars;
the fiber composite ribs comprise glass fiber ribs;
and carrying out alkali-resistant coating treatment on the surface of the glass fiber rib.
As a preferred embodiment, the composite admixture is formed by mixing slag powder, fly ash and silica fume, wherein the weight ratio of the fly ash to the slag is (1-1.3):1, and the weight ratio of the fly ash to the silica fume is 10: 1.
The three mineral admixtures in the composite admixture are the conventional mineral admixtures at present, and the activity indexes of the three admixtures are that fly ash < slag < silica fume. To prepare concrete with strength grade greater than C60, silica fume must be added. However, if the silica fume particles are too fine and the viscosity is too large, the fluidity is seriously influenced if the mixing amount in the concrete is too much, and the silica fume in the three mineral admixtures is the most expensive, and the manufacturing cost of the silica fume is 10 times of that of the fly ash and the mineral powder. Therefore, through a large number of tests, the best effect can be achieved when the doping amount of the silica fume is 10% of the weight of the fly ash, namely the weight ratio of the fly ash to the silica fume is 10: 1. At present, a mode of double mixing of fly ash and mineral powder is adopted in concrete mixing stations, wherein the ratio is 2:1 or 1:1, and the difference between the mineral powder and the fly ash from price, function to performance parameters is not large. The invention is based on a large number of test results to prove that the fly ash, namely slag, (1-1.3):1 is better, wherein the fly ash is more favorable for improving the fluidity of concrete, and the mixing amount of the fly ash is slightly more than that of mineral powder.
As a preferred embodiment, the light sand is shale ceramic sand, and the light aggregate is red mud or sludge ceramsite;
the light sand has a bulk density of 600-700 kg/m3Strength of cylinder pressure>5.0MPa, water absorption<3％；
The lightweight aggregate has a bulk density of 600-700 kg/m3Strength of cylinder pressure>8.0Mpa, water absorption<5％。
In a preferred embodiment, the shale ceramic sand is mixed with the river sand according to a weight ratio of 10: 9.
River sand is generally adopted in lightweight aggregate concrete, and pottery sand is adopted in some lightweight aggregate concrete for reducing weight, but tests show that: if the ceramic sand is adopted completely, the flowability of the concrete is very poor due to the particle shape (the ceramic sand is prepared manually) and the water absorption of the ceramic sand, and the self-compacting effect cannot be achieved, while if the ceramic sand is adopted completely, the volume weight of the concrete is increased by 10 percent, and the river sand is limited by national policy at present, so that the market is scarce, the price is high, and the material performance is also very unstable (the mud content is high, sea sand and the like can also appear). Therefore, tests show that the weight ratio of the shale ceramic sand to the river sand is 10:9, the advantages of the shale ceramic sand and the river sand can be fully exerted, and the effects of reducing self weight and achieving self-compaction are achieved.
As a preferred embodiment, the water reducing rate of the functional additive is more than or equal to 35%, the gas content is 3.5-4%, and the 28d bubble spacing coefficient is less than or equal to 250 μm.
In a preferred embodiment, the early strength agent is calcium chloride, and the air entraining agent is alkyl or alkyl arene sulfonic acid.
As a preferred embodiment:
the tensile strength of the glass fiber rib parameters is more than or equal to 650Mpa, the shear strength is more than or equal to 120Mpa, the elastic modulus is more than or equal to 50Gpa, and the glass fiber rib is a threaded glass fiber rib;
when the glass fiber reinforcement is used as a stirrup, the diameter is 6-8 mm;
when the glass fiber rib is used as a stress rib, the diameter is 12-30mm according to the design requirement of bearing capacity;
the prefabricated structure adopts fiber composite bars and high-strength lightweight concrete as structural materials;
the glass fiber bars are connected in a steel wire binding or lap joint mode.
The fiber composite bars and the high-strength light concrete are used as structural materials, so that prefabricated components of the original reinforced concrete structure, such as beams, plates, columns, shear walls and the like, can be manufactured, but are lighter, higher in strength and more corrosion-resistant than the prefabricated structure of the original reinforced concrete structure;
the reinforcement arrangement mode of the fiber composite reinforcement is the same as the reinforcement arrangement mode of the steel bar in the concrete, only the steel bar can be welded, and the fiber composite reinforcement can be only carried out by adopting a steel wire binding or lapping mode;
as a preferred embodiment:
the shrinkage reducing agent meets the requirements of the building material industry standard JC/T2361-2016 mortar and concrete shrinkage reducing agent;
the cement is P.II 52.5 cement.
The invention provides a preparation method of concrete of a prefabricated structure for combining the concrete and fiber composite bars, which comprises the following steps:
mixing and stirring 330-355 parts of cement, 125-140 parts of composite admixture and 180-195 parts of river sand for T1 time;
adding 490-520 parts of light aggregate and 200-220 parts of light sand, and mixing and stirring for T2 time; the lightweight aggregate and the light sand need to be wetted in advance before adding, at least fully absorb water for 1 day, and the water absorption amount is deducted from the weight of the added water component;
adding 125 parts of 115-water and 9.8-10.8 parts of functional additive, mixing and stirring, slowly and dispersedly adding 15-20 parts of micro-beads, 24-33 parts of shrinkage reducing agent and 1.8 parts of polypropylene fibers in the mixing and stirring process, wherein the mixing and stirring time is T3 time.
As a preferred embodiment, the composite admixture is formed by mixing slag powder, fly ash and silica fume, wherein the weight ratio of the fly ash to the slag is (1-1.3):1, and the weight ratio of the fly ash to the silica fume is 10: 1.
As a preferred embodiment, the light sand is shale ceramic sand, and the light aggregate is red mud or sludge ceramsite;
in a preferred embodiment, the light sand has a bulk density of 600 to 700kg/m3Strength of cylinder pressure>5.0MPa, water absorption<3％；
In a preferred embodiment, the lightweight aggregate has a bulk density of 600 to 700kg/m3Strength of cylinder pressure>8.0Mpa, water absorption<5％；
As a preferred embodiment, the shale ceramic sand and the river sand are mixed according to the weight ratio of 10: 9;
as a preferred embodiment, the water reducing rate of the functional additive is more than or equal to 35 percent, the gas content is 3.5-4 percent, and the coefficient of the space between 28d bubbles is less than or equal to 250 mu m;
in a preferred embodiment, the early strength agent is calcium chloride, and the air entraining agent is alkyl or alkyl arene sulfonic acid.
The process of firstly fully stirring the dry materials and then adding water for wet stirring is adopted, so that the light aggregate is fully wetted before stirring, the dry materials are fully and uniformly mixed, the cement fully wraps the aggregate, and the water is fully hydrated and cannot be absorbed by the light aggregate, so that the compactness of the concrete microstructure is ensured.
In a preferred embodiment, T1 is at least 30s, T2 is at least 30s, and T3 is at least 120 s.
Example 1
The details of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to an embodiment of the present invention, which is a high-strength lightweight concrete having a design strength grade of C60.
The composite additive comprises cement, water, light sand, river sand, lightweight aggregate, a composite admixture and a functional additive, and also comprises microbeads, a shrinkage reducing agent and polypropylene fibers;
the components are mixed according to the following weight portions:
330 parts of cement; 125 parts of water; 200 parts of light sand; 180 parts of river sand; 490 parts of lightweight aggregate; 125 parts of composite admixture; 9.8 parts of a functional additive; 15 parts of microbeads; 24 parts of shrinkage reducing agent; 1.8 parts of polypropylene fiber.
The light sand is shale ceramic sand, and the light aggregate is red mud or sludge ceramsite;
the light sand has a bulk density of 700-850 kg/m3Strength of cylinder pressure>5.0MPa, water absorption<5％；
The lightweight aggregate has a bulk density of 600-700 kg/m3Strength of cylinder pressure>8.0Mpa, water absorption<7％。
The shale ceramic sand and the river sand are mixed according to the weight ratio of 10: 9.
The functional additive is prepared by compounding an early strength agent, a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and an air entraining agent.
The water reducing rate of the functional additive is more than or equal to 35%, the gas content is 3.5-4%, and the coefficient of the space between 28d bubbles is less than or equal to 250 mu m.
The composite admixture is formed by mixing slag powder, fly ash and silica fume, wherein the weight ratio of the fly ash to the slag is (1-1.3) to 1, and the weight ratio of the fly ash to the silica fume is 10: 1.
The preparation method of the high-strength lightweight concrete comprises the following steps:
mixing and stirring 330 parts of cement, 125 parts of composite admixture and 180 parts of river sand for 30 s;
490 parts of lightweight aggregate and 200 parts of lightweight sand are added, and then the mixture is mixed and stirred for 30 s;
adding 125 parts of water and 9.8 parts of functional additive, mixing and stirring, slowly and dispersedly adding 15 parts of micro-beads, 24 parts of shrinkage reducing agent and 1.8 parts of polypropylene fibers in the mixing and stirring process, wherein the mixing and stirring time is 120 s.
In the preparation process, the lightweight aggregate and the lightweight sand need to be wetted in advance before adding, at least fully absorb water for 1 day, and the water absorption amount is deducted from the weight of the added water component.
Table 1 design strength rating C60 for each component ratio and concrete parameters
Example 2
The details of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to an embodiment of the present invention, which is a high-strength lightweight concrete having a design strength grade of C70.
The conditions were the same as in example 1 except for the following conditions.
The high-strength lightweight concrete comprises cement, water, light sand, river sand, lightweight aggregate, a composite admixture and a functional additive, and also comprises microbeads, a shrinkage reducing agent and polypropylene fibers;
the components are mixed according to the following weight portions:
340 parts of cement; 120 parts of water; 210 parts of light sand; 190 parts of river sand; 500 parts of lightweight aggregate; 130 parts of composite admixture; 10.2 parts of a functional additive; 18 parts of microbeads; 28 parts of shrinkage reducing agent; 1.8 parts of polypropylene fiber.
The preparation method of the high-strength lightweight concrete comprises the following steps:
mixing 340 parts of cement, 130 parts of composite admixture and 190 parts of river sand and stirring for 30 s;
adding 500 parts of lightweight aggregate and 210 parts of lightweight sand, and mixing and stirring for 30 s;
adding 120 parts of water and 10.2 parts of functional additive, mixing and stirring, slowly and dispersedly adding 18 parts of micro-beads, 28 parts of shrinkage reducing agent and 1.8 parts of polypropylene fiber in the mixing and stirring process, wherein the mixing and stirring time is 120 s.
In the preparation process, the lightweight aggregate and the lightweight sand need to be wetted in advance before adding, at least fully absorb water for 1 day, and the water absorption amount is deducted from the weight of the added water component.
Table 2 design strength rating C70 for each component ratio and concrete parameters
Example 3
The details of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to an embodiment of the present invention which uses a high-strength lightweight concrete with a design strength grade of C80.
The conditions were the same as in example 1 except for the following conditions.
The high-strength lightweight concrete comprises cement, water, light sand, river sand, lightweight aggregate, a composite admixture and a functional additive, and also comprises microbeads, a shrinkage reducing agent and polypropylene fibers;
the components are mixed according to the following weight portions:
355 parts of cement; 115 parts of water; 220 parts of light sand; 195 parts of river sand; 520 parts of lightweight aggregate; 140 parts of composite admixture; 10.8 parts of a functional additive; 20 parts of microbeads; 33 parts of shrinkage reducing agent; 1.8 parts of polypropylene fiber.
The preparation method of the high-strength lightweight concrete comprises the following steps:
355 parts of cement, 140 parts of composite admixture and 195 parts of river sand are mixed and stirred for 30 s;
adding 520 parts of lightweight aggregate and 220 parts of lightweight sand, and mixing and stirring for 30 s;
adding 115 parts of water and 10.8 parts of functional additive, mixing and stirring, slowly and dispersedly adding 20 parts of micro-beads, 33 parts of shrinkage reducing agent and 1.8 parts of polypropylene fibers in the mixing and stirring process, wherein the mixing and stirring time is 120 s.
In the preparation process, the lightweight aggregate and the lightweight sand need to be wetted in advance before adding, at least fully absorb water for 1 day, and the water absorption amount is deducted from the weight of the added water component.
Table 3 design strength grade C80 each component ratio and technical index
TABLE 4 common C60-C80 concrete component proportion and technical index
TABLE 5 proportions and technical indices of the components of the inventive C60-C80 concrete
By combining the comprehensive data table 5 of the three embodiments and the data table 4 of the common C60-C80 concrete in the prior art, it can be seen that the volume weight of the high-strength lightweight concrete adopted by the prefabricated structure is reduced by about 40% compared with that of the concrete with the same strength grade on the premise of ensuring the strength of the concrete, the dry shrinkage value is only about 80% of that of the concrete with the same strength grade, and on the premise of ensuring that the strength of the concrete is not lower than C60 and the durability is not obviously reduced, the volume weight of the concrete is greatly reduced and the early-age shrinkage is reduced by 15%.
Example 4
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of reinforcing bars in a lightweight structural concrete prefabricated part according to an embodiment of the invention; in the figure, the letter A represents a glass fiber rib, namely 3 or 4 glass fiber stress ribs with the diameter of 14mm are arranged in the longitudinal direction, and the letter B represents a basalt fiber rib, namely a basalt fiber hoop rib with the diameter of 10mm is arranged in the transverse direction, and is arranged every 100 mm.
Example 5
Fig. 3 shows a load-displacement curve of the fiber composite reinforcement-lightweight structural concrete under bending load according to an embodiment of the present invention (L1 is a load-displacement curve of the glass fiber reinforcement and the C50 lightweight structural concrete beam, and L2 is a load-displacement curve of the reinforcement and the C50 concrete structural beam), and it can be seen from fig. 3 that the lightweight structural concrete structure using the glass fiber reinforcement and the C50 has a slightly improved bending resistance under bending load compared with reinforced concrete of the same strength grade, and the descending section of the curve is obvious, the structure is a ductile structure, after the fiber composite reinforcement replaces the reinforcement, the bending resistance of the structure is improved to a certain extent, and the structure is a ductile structure, but the self weight of the structure is obviously light.
Example 6
Fig. 4-5 are graphs showing a comparison of the bonding strength of the fiber composite reinforcement/bar according to one embodiment of the present invention to C50 lightweight structural concrete. In Table 6, d is the diameter of the rib, and is 25 mm. From fig. 4-5 and table 6, it can be seen that the bonding strength of the fiber composite bar and the lightweight structural concrete is greater than that of the reinforcing steel bar and the lightweight structural concrete, so that the fiber composite bar can bear greater bonding slippage capability, i.e. higher strength, under the external load action of the structure.
TABLE 6 average bond strength between fiber composite bars/reinforcements and lightweight structural concrete specimens during sliding failure
Example 7
Fig. 6-7 show experimental analysis of the shear resistance of fiber composite reinforcement and steel bar and C60 lightweight structural concrete beam according to an embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen from the above-mentioned examples that, compared with reinforced concrete of the same strength grade, the lightweight structural concrete structure using glass fiber reinforced concrete and C60 has no significant change in shear-resistant bearing capacity, and the distribution positions and widths of the oblique cracks are substantially the same, so that it can be determined that after the fiber composite reinforced concrete replaces the steel bars, the shear-resistant bearing capacity of the structure has no significant change, but the self weight of the structure is significantly light.
Example 8
The following gives a comparison of the mid-span bending moment of the beams of the prefabricated construction according to an example of the invention with the reinforced concrete prefabricated construction, according to a specific embodiment of the invention.
TABLE 7 comparison of mid-span bending moment values of beams of the prefabricated construction according to the invention and of the reinforced concrete prefabricated construction
As can be seen from table 7, the midspan bending moment of the beam adopting the precast structure of the high-strength lightweight concrete and the fiber composite bar according to the present invention is larger than that of the precast structure of the reinforced concrete, both the theoretical value and the test value, and the test value is much larger than that of the midspan bending moment of the beam of the reinforced concrete, which indicates that the present invention has a larger bearing capacity on the premise of being much lighter than that of the reinforced concrete.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a precast construction of concrete and compound muscle combination of fibre which characterized in that:
the concrete is high-strength lightweight concrete, and comprises the components of cement, water, light sand, river sand, lightweight aggregate, a composite admixture and a functional additive, and also comprises the components of microbeads, a shrinkage reducing agent and polypropylene fibers;
the components are mixed according to the following weight portions:
cement 330 and 355; 115 portions of water and 125 portions of water; 200 portions and 220 portions of light sand; 180 portions of river sand and 195 portions; 520 parts of light aggregate 490; 140 portions of composite admixture 125; 9.8-10.8 parts of functional additive; 15-20 parts of microbeads; 24-33 parts of shrinkage reducing agent; 1.8 parts of polypropylene fiber;
the functional additive is prepared by compounding an early strength agent, a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and an air entraining agent;
the dosage of the early strength agent is 0.2-0.3% of the total amount of the cementing material, the dosage of the air entraining agent is 0.25-0.35% of the dosage of the cement, and the dosage of the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent is 1.8-2.5% of the total amount of the cementing material;
the total amount of the cementing material is the sum of the using amounts of cement and mineral admixture; the mineral admixture comprises light sand, river sand, lightweight aggregate and composite admixture;
the prefabricated structure adopts fiber composite bars as hoops and stressed bars;
the fiber composite ribs comprise glass fiber ribs;
and carrying out alkali-resistant coating treatment on the surface of the glass fiber rib.
2. The precast structure of a combination of concrete and fiber composite bar according to claim 1, characterized in that the composite admixture is formed by mixing slag powder, fly ash and silica fume, wherein the weight ratio of fly ash to slag is (1-1.3) to 1, and the weight ratio of fly ash to silica fume is 10: 1.
3. The precast structure of a combination of concrete and fiber composite bars according to claim 1, characterized in that the light sand is shale ceramic sand, and the light aggregate is red mud or sludge ceramsite;
the light sand has a bulk density of 600-700 kg/m3Strength of cylinder pressure>5.0MPa, water absorption<3％；
The lightweight aggregate has a bulk density of 600-700 kg/m3Strength of cylinder pressure>8.0Mpa, water absorption<5％。
4. The precast structure of concrete and fiber composite bars combination according to claim 3, wherein the shale ceramic sand is mixed with the river sand in a weight ratio of 10: 9.
5. The precast structure of a combination of concrete and fiber composite bars according to claim 1 is characterized in that the water reducing rate of the functional additive is not less than 35%, the air content is 3.5-4%, and the coefficient of the space between 28d bubbles is not more than 250 μm.
6. The precast structure of a combination of concrete and fiber composite bar according to claim 5, characterized in that the early strength agent is of calcium chloride type and the air entraining agent is of alkyl and alkylaromatic sulfonic acid type.
7. The precast structure of a combination of concrete and fiber composite reinforcement according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the tensile strength of the glass fiber rib parameters is more than or equal to 650Mpa, the shear strength is more than or equal to 120Mpa, the elastic modulus is more than or equal to 50Gpa, and the glass fiber rib is a threaded glass fiber rib;
when the glass fiber reinforcement is used as a stirrup, the diameter is 6-8 mm;
when the glass fiber rib is used as a stress rib, the diameter is 12-30mm according to the design requirement of bearing capacity;
the prefabricated structure adopts fiber composite bars and high-strength lightweight concrete as structural materials;
the glass fiber bars are connected in a steel wire binding or lap joint mode.
8. The precast structure of a combination of concrete and fiber composite bar according to claim 1, wherein the shrinkage reducing agent meets the requirements of building material industry standard JC/T2361-2016 mortar and concrete shrinkage reducing agent;
the cement is P.II 52.5 cement.
9. A method for preparing concrete for a prefabricated structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
mixing and stirring 330-355 parts of cement, 125-140 parts of composite admixture and 180-195 parts of river sand for T1 time;
adding 490-520 parts of light aggregate and 200-220 parts of light sand, and mixing and stirring for T2 time; the lightweight aggregate and the light sand need to be wetted in advance before adding, at least fully absorb water for 1 day, and the water absorption amount is deducted from the weight of the added water component;
adding 125 parts of 115-water and 9.8-10.8 parts of functional additive, mixing and stirring, slowly and dispersedly adding 15-20 parts of micro-beads, 24-33 parts of shrinkage reducing agent and 1.8 parts of polypropylene fibers in the mixing and stirring process, wherein the mixing and stirring time is T3 time.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein T1 is at least 30s, T2 is at least 30s, and T3 is at least 120 s.
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