CN112943783A

CN112943783A - Pawl type permanent fixing bolt assembly

Info

Publication number: CN112943783A
Application number: CN202110385640.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘启超
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-04-10
Filing date: 2021-04-10
Publication date: 2021-06-11

Abstract

A pawl type permanent bolt assembly belongs to the technical field of fasteners and comprises a bolt and a nut, wherein an inclined clamping groove is formed in the outer thread of a screw rod and arranged along the axial direction of the screw rod, and the inclined clamping groove comprises a clamping wall and a forward wall; wherein the clamping wall is positioned on one side of the external thread which is unscrewed, and the following wall is positioned on one side of the external thread which is screwed; be equipped with the snap ring groove on the one end inner ring wall of nut, snap ring inslot fixed is equipped with the pawl ring, the pawl ring includes ring circle and pawl, the pawl is slope form and directly generates on ring circle inside surface, and the orientation of stretching out of pawl is towards the direction that the internal thread unscrewed, and its beneficial effect is that the pawl can only be screwed up with the supporting structure of oblique draw-in groove and can not unscrew with the nut down, simple structure, and convenient operation can reach the effect that can't loosen forever.

Description

Pawl type permanent fixing bolt assembly

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of fasteners, and particularly relates to a pawl type permanent fixing bolt assembly capable of avoiding looseness caused by vibration.

Background

The common fasteners comprise a bolt and nut assembly, a stud and nut assembly, a screw and the like, wherein the nut is a polygonal cylinder provided with a central threaded hole, an inner thread is arranged on the inner annular wall of the central threaded hole and matched and screwed with an outer thread on the stud for fastening and connecting two or more fastened pieces with through holes.

The fastening of the nut and the bolt is generally relatively stable. However, if the fastened member is vibrated for a long time, the vibration frequency difference exists between the connecting members, so that each connecting member in the connecting structure can generate a certain displacement, the connection between the nut and the bolt becomes loose, and even falls off, and the stability and the safety of the operation of the connecting structure and even the whole device are affected. Taking the fastening screw and the nut on the train track as an example, when a train passes through the track at a certain speed, the fastening screw and the nut on the track can generate vibration with a certain frequency, so that the fastening screw and the nut can generate certain displacement, and the connection is loosened, therefore, on the train track, regular maintenance by a maintenance person is often needed.

The current common mode for preventing the bolt from loosening is as follows: the double-nut pressing, the bolt and nut inserting key, the bolt and nut opening inserting metal rod, the iron wire winding looseness prevention, the bolt and nut clamping tooth meshing or direct gluing or welding and the like.

The applicant develops the fastener for a long time to applied for many relevant patents, all can reach the locking effect of fastening, but the market effect is unsatisfactory, and the leading cause is that the structure is complicated, and the installation is loaded down with trivial details, has reduced a ray of engineering personnel's work efficiency, is difficult to use widely.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a bolt adopting a pawl clamping ring, so that the bolt can be installed by simple operation under the condition of ensuring that the bolt cannot be loosened.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is a pawl type permanent bolt assembly, the existing bolt assembly generally comprises a bolt, a nut and a washer, the bolt comprises a screw rod and a nut directly generated at one end of the screw rod, the outer surface of the screw rod is provided with an external thread, the inner ring wall of the nut is provided with an internal thread matched with the external thread, the pawl type permanent bolt assembly is matched and improved on the screw rod and the nut, and the pawl type permanent bolt assembly is characterized in that the external thread of the screw rod is provided with an inclined clamping groove arranged along the axial direction of the screw rod, the inclined clamping groove comprises two groove walls, and one groove wall is perpendicular to or inwards inclined to the outer surface of the screw rod and; the other groove wall inclines outwards to the outer surface of the screw rod and is called as a forward wall; wherein the clamping wall is positioned on one side of the external thread which is unscrewed, and the following wall is positioned on one side of the external thread which is screwed; one or more inclined clamping grooves can be arranged; when a plurality of the particles is provided, they may be distributed unevenly or may be distributed evenly, preferably evenly.

An annular clamping ring groove is formed in the inner annular wall of one end of the nut, a pawl ring is fixedly arranged in the clamping ring groove and comprises an annular ring and a pawl, the pawl is obliquely and directly generated on the inner side surface of the annular ring, and the extending direction of the pawl faces the direction of loosening the internal thread; the circular ring can be a whole circular ring or a circle with a gap; the number of the pawls is equal to or less than that of the inclined clamping grooves; when a plurality of pawls are arranged, the pawls can be uniformly distributed and also can be non-uniformly distributed, and when the pawls are non-uniformly distributed and arranged, the number and the distribution structure of the pawls are the same as those of the inclined clamping grooves; when the pawls are uniformly distributed, the number of the inclined clamping grooves is integral multiple of the number of the pawls.

Like this, because the direction of stretching out of pawl is towards the direction of internal thread unscrewing, the direction of also being towards screw rod external screw thread unscrewing, when the nut was screwed in, the pawl can be taken on the wall in the same direction as of the oblique draw groove of screw rod, and the nut can screw in smoothly, but when the nut was inclined to the unscrewing, the pawl can support on the card wall of the oblique draw groove of screw rod, made the unable direction rotation of nut, and the nut can never become flexible like this, consequently is called the forever solid bolt assembly of pawl formula.

The best scheme is that the quantity of the inclined clamping grooves formed in the screw and the quantity of the pawls formed in the nut are as follows: s =2 π r/d, wherein S is the number, r is the screw radius, and d is the pitch of the external thread on the screw.

The number of the inclined clamping grooves arranged on the screw is several, the distance between the inclined clamping grooves is equal to the thread pitch of the external thread on the screw, the number of the pawls arranged on the nut is several, and the distance between the pawls is equal to the thread pitch of the internal thread on the nut; like this, intensive pawl can support in the intensive oblique draw-in groove, because the interval of oblique draw-in groove equals the screw thread interval, when the nut was screwed up on the screw rod, the pawl can support the card wall just.

In order to maintain, the nut needs to be taken out, and therefore a claw unloading pin can be arranged in a matched mode, is long-strip-shaped, and the front end of the claw unloading pin is conical and is used for being inserted into a gap between the pawl and the forward wall to prop out the pawl, so that the pawl is separated from the clamping wall, and the nut can be conveniently and reversely screwed out; the number of the claw unloading pins is the same as that of the pawls in the nut, when only one claw unloading pin is arranged, the claw unloading pins are represented as long rod pins, and when a plurality of claw unloading pins are arranged, the claw unloading pins can be integrated on the circular pin gathering cap, namely, the claw unloading pins are vertically fixed on the pin gathering cap according to the distribution structure of the pawls to form the claw unloading cap; the number of the claw-removing pins is preferably the same as that of the inclined clamping grooves.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the structure of the pawl and the inclined clamping groove enables the nut to be screwed only and not to be unscrewed, and the structure is simple and convenient to operate, and the effect of being unable to be loosened forever can be achieved.

The distance between the inclined clamping groove and the pawl is set to be the same as that of the threads, so that the pawl can be clamped on the inclined clamping groove when the nut is screwed down.

And the claw disassembling pin or the claw disassembling cap is additionally arranged, so that the nut can be taken out during maintenance.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic view of an installation process of the ratchet type permanent fixing bolt assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an assembly structure of the nut of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the bolt of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the claw removing cap according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the pawl type permanent fixing bolt assembly disassembled by the claw removing cap according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. the bolt, 2, the nut, 3, the screw, 4, the nut, 5, the oblique slot, 6, the card wall, 7, the wall, 8, the card ring groove, 9, the pawl ring, 10, the ring circle, 11, the pawl, 12, the outer wall of the card ring groove, 13, the notch, 14, unload the claw round pin, 15, the collection pin cap, 16, unload the claw cap.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are intended to illustrate the invention but not to limit it further, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

Example 1.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, and 3, a pawl-type permanent bolt assembly is manufactured, where an existing bolt assembly generally includes a bolt 1, a nut 2, and a washer, where the bolt 1 includes a screw rod 3 and a nut 4 directly formed at one end of the screw rod, an external thread is formed on an outer surface of the screw rod 1, and an internal thread matched with the external thread is formed on an inner annular wall of the nut 2, in this embodiment, a mating improvement is performed on the screw rod 3 and the nut 2, that is, an inclined slot 5 is formed on the external thread of the screw rod 3 and arranged along an axial direction of the screw rod, and the inclined slot 5 includes two slot walls, where one slot wall is perpendicular to or inwardly inclined to the outer surface of the screw rod and is; the other groove wall inclines outwards from the outer surface of the screw rod and is called a forward wall 7; wherein, the clamping wall 6 is positioned at the side of the external thread which is unscrewed, and the downcast wall 7 is positioned at the side of the external thread which is screwed; one or more inclined clamping grooves 5 can be arranged; when a plurality of inclined clamping grooves 5 are arranged, the inclined clamping grooves can be unevenly distributed and can also be evenly distributed, and eight inclined clamping grooves are arranged on the screw rod in the embodiment.

An annular clamping ring groove 8 is formed in the inner annular wall of one end of the nut 2, a pawl ring 9 is fixedly arranged in the clamping ring groove 8, the pawl ring 9 comprises a circular ring 10 and a pawl 11, the pawl 11 is made of elastic steel, the pawl 11 is obliquely and directly generated on the inner side surface of the circular ring 10, and the extending direction of the pawl 11 faces the direction of the internal thread unscrewing; if the process permits, the pawl 11 can be directly generated in the ring groove 8 and the ring groove 10 is omitted, but the process is limited to the current technical level of the company, at present, only the pawl 11 can be directly generated on the ring groove 10 to be made into the pawl ring 9, then the pawl ring 9 is placed in the ring groove 8 in the nut 2, then the outer wall 12 of the ring groove is pressed inwards, the pawl ring 9 is wrapped in the ring groove 8, in order to better fix the pawl ring 9, a plurality of notches 13 are dug on the side edge of the ring groove 10 of the pawl ring 9, when the outer wall 12 of the ring groove is pressed inwards, part of steel is embedded in the notches 13, so that the pawl ring 9 can be stably installed in the ring groove 8 of the nut 2, and when the nut 2 is screwed, the pawl ring 9 cannot be loosened.

Only one pawl 11 can be arranged, or a plurality of pawls 11 can be arranged, when a plurality of pawls 11 are arranged, the pawls 11 can be uniformly distributed, or can be non-uniformly distributed, and when the pawls 11 are non-uniformly distributed, the number and the distribution structure of the pawls are the same as those of the inclined clamping grooves 5; when the pawls 11 are uniformly distributed, the number of the inclined clamping grooves 5 is integral multiple of the number of the pawls 11; four evenly distributed pawls 11 are provided in this embodiment.

Example 2.

Further, on the basis of embodiment 1, the number of the inclined clamping grooves 5 arranged on the screw rod 3 and the number of the pawls 11 arranged on the nut 2 are made into S, and S =2 pi r/d, where S is the number, r is the screw rod radius, and d is the thread pitch of the external thread on the screw rod 3; thus, the distance between the inclined clamping grooves 5 on the screw rod 3 is made to be equal to the thread pitch of the external thread on the screw rod 3, and the distance between the pawls 11 on the nut 2 is made to be equal to the thread pitch of the internal thread on the nut 2; in this way, the dense pawls 11 can abut against the dense inclined catching grooves 5, and since the pitch of the inclined catching grooves 5 is equal to the pitch of the threads, the pawls 11 can abut against the catching walls 6 exactly when the nut 2 is screwed on the screw 3.

Example 3.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, a claw removing pin 14 is additionally manufactured, wherein the claw removing pin 14 is long-strip-shaped, and the front end of the claw removing pin is conical; when in use, the claw-removing pin 14 is inserted into a gap between the pawl 11 and the following wall 7, the pawl 11 is propped out, the pawl 11 is separated from the clamping wall 6, and thus the nut 2 can be smoothly screwed out reversely.

Further, the number of the claw removing pins 14 is matched with the number of the inclined clamping grooves 5, and the claw removing pins 14 are vertically fixed on a round pin gathering cap 15 according to the distribution structure of the inclined clamping grooves 5 to form a claw removing cap 16; this facilitates the handling when removing the nut 2.

Claims

1. A pawl type permanent bolt assembly comprises a bolt and a nut and is characterized in that an inclined clamping groove is formed in the outer thread of a screw rod and arranged along the axial direction of the screw rod, the inclined clamping groove comprises two groove walls, and one groove wall is perpendicular to the outer surface of the screw rod and is called a clamping wall; the other groove wall inclines outwards to the outer surface of the screw rod and is called as a forward wall; wherein the clamping wall is positioned on one side of the external thread which is unscrewed, and the following wall is positioned on one side of the external thread which is screwed;

be equipped with the snap ring groove on the one end inner ring wall of nut, the snap ring inslot fixed is equipped with the pawl ring, the pawl ring includes ring circle and pawl, the pawl is the direct formation of slope form on ring circle inside surface, and the direction of stretching out of pawl is towards the direction that the internal thread unscrewed.

2. The pawl-type permanent bolt assembly according to claim 1, wherein said chuck wall is further inwardly inclined from an outer surface of said shank.

3. The detent-type permanently fastened bolt assembly according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said inclined catching groove is provided in one piece and only one detent is provided on the corresponding nut.

4. The pawl-type permanent magnet bolt assembly according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the inclined catching grooves are provided in plural numbers, the number of pawls on the corresponding nuts is equal to or less than the number of the inclined catching grooves, and the number of the inclined catching grooves is an integral multiple of the number of the pawls.

5. The pawl-type permanently fastened bolt assembly according to claim 4, wherein said plurality of inclined notches are uniformly distributed, and said corresponding plurality of pawls are uniformly distributed, and the number of inclined notches is an integral multiple of the number of pawls.

6. The detent-type permanently fastened bolt assembly according to claim 5, wherein the number of said oblique slots provided on said threaded rod and the number of said detents provided on said nut are both: s =2 π r/d, wherein S is the number, r is the screw radius, and d is the pitch of the external thread on the screw.

7. The pawl-type permanent bolt assembly according to claim 6, wherein said circular ring is either a full circle or a notched circle.

8. The pawl-type permanent bolt assembly according to claim 7, further comprising a pawl relief pin, said pawl relief pin being elongated and having a tapered forward end.

9. The pawl-type permanent bolt assembly according to claim 8, wherein the number of said pawl-removing pins is the same as the number of pawls in the nut.

10. The pawl-type permanent bolt assembly according to claim 9, wherein when there are a plurality of the claw release pins, they are integrated into a circular-shaped pin gathering cap, and the respective claw release pins are vertically fixed to the pin gathering cap according to the distribution structure of the pawls to constitute the claw release cap.