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CN112938897A - Hydrogen purification method - Google Patents

Hydrogen purification method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112938897A
CN112938897A CN202110292406.1A CN202110292406A CN112938897A CN 112938897 A CN112938897 A CN 112938897A CN 202110292406 A CN202110292406 A CN 202110292406A CN 112938897 A CN112938897 A CN 112938897A
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Prior art keywords
hydrogen
pressure
purification
adsorption
gas
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Inventor
黎广贞
赖建文
覃中华
杨寿盛
张海涛
梁智亨
黄煊沛
王剑
梁维波
庞新胜
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Guangdong Zhonghe Plastic Co ltd
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Guangdong Zhonghe Plastic Co ltd
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Priority to CN202110292406.1A priority Critical patent/CN112938897A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/50Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
    • C01B3/508Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by selective and reversible uptake by an appropriate medium, i.e. the uptake being based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
  • Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydrogen purification method. The hydrogen purification method comprises at least one purification device, wherein raw material gas is sent to a purification device A provided with an adsorption bed, and the adsorption bed is provided with an adsorbent. The impurity gas in the raw material gas is adsorbed by the adsorbent, and at least part of the separated hydrogen gas is discharged from the purification apparatus a to the product accommodation apparatus. When the impurity gas does not reach the outlet of the adsorption bed, the feeding and the product discharging are stopped to form an adsorption reserve section. And uniformly reducing the pressure for at least two times. The pressure is reduced along the adsorption direction, the residual hydrogen in the purification device A is collected through the gas discharge buffer tank, and the impurity gas reaches the outlet of the adsorption bed. The pressure was reduced against the direction of adsorption. The adsorbent is flushed by venting the hydrogen gas in the buffer tank. The regeneration effect of the adsorbent is improved through the process. In the process, a plurality of purification devices can work cooperatively, so that the regeneration efficiency of the adsorbent is improved while the hydrogen purification efficiency is improved, and the energy is saved.

Description

Hydrogen purification method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a hydrogen purification method.
Background
In the industrial Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) process, the adsorbent adsorbs the easily-adsorbed components in the mixed gas at normal temperature and at a relatively high pressure, the less-adsorbed components flow out from one end of the bed, and then the pressure of the adsorbent bed is reduced to a normal pressure state, so that the adsorbed components are desorbed and discharged from the other end of the bed, thereby realizing the separation and purification of the gas and simultaneously regenerating the adsorbent.
However, in a typical PSA process, the adsorbed impurities are not completely desorbed even if the pressure of the adsorbent bed is reduced to atmospheric pressure.
Two methods can generally be used to fully regenerate the adsorbent:
one is to "flush" the bed with product gas to flush out impurities that are difficult to desorb. Its advantages are high output rate, and high output rate.
The other method is to regenerate the adsorbent by vacuumizing. In particular to the impurity which is difficult to desorb under negative pressure. This is known as Vacuum Pressure Swing Adsorption (VPSA). The VPSA process has the advantages of good regeneration effect and high product yield. The disadvantages are that a vacuum pump is needed to be added, and the investment cost is increased.
Therefore, it is required to provide a new hydrogen purification method that can achieve the purification of hydrogen and the high regeneration rate of the adsorbent at a low cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hydrogen purification method, which realizes the purification of hydrogen and the high regeneration rate of an adsorbent at lower cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method of purifying hydrogen gas comprising at least one purification device, the steps comprising:
step S1) feed: feeding the raw material gas into a purification device A provided with an adsorption bed, wherein the adsorption bed is provided with an adsorbent, and the interior of the purification device A reaches adsorption pressure;
step S2), yielding a product: the impurity gas in the raw material gas is adsorbed by the adsorbent, and at least part of the separated hydrogen gas is discharged from the purification device a to a product housing device;
step S3) forming an adsorption reserve: stopping feeding and discharging the product when the impurity gas does not reach the outlet of the adsorption bed to form the adsorption reserve section;
step S4) uniformly reducing the pressure for at least two times;
step S5) step forward pressure reduction: reducing the pressure along the adsorption direction, and collecting the residual hydrogen in the purification device A through a forward gas release buffer tank, wherein the impurity gas reaches the outlet of the adsorption bed;
step S6) inverse discharge depressurization: reducing the pressure against the direction of adsorption;
step S7) rinsing: and flushing the adsorbent by hydrogen in the forward exhaust buffer tank.
Preferably, in the above-described hydrogen purification method, the number of the purification apparatuses is at least two, at least two of the purification apparatuses are respectively in different operation stages, and are mutually depressurized or pressurized.
Preferably, in the above-described hydrogen purification method, the separated part of the hydrogen gas is transferred from the purification apparatus a to the purification apparatus B in step S2) to boost the pressure of the purification apparatus B.
Preferably, in the above-described hydrogen purification method, in step S4), the purification apparatus a is sequentially brought into communication with at least two other purification apparatuses to achieve uniform depressurization at least twice and to respectively raise the pressure of the other purification apparatuses.
Preferably, in the above-described hydrogen purification method, the number of times of uniform depressurization is three to eight times.
Preferably, in the above-described hydrogen purification method, the hydrogen purification method further includes step S8): and uniformly boosting the pressure of the purification device A at least twice until the adsorption pressure is reached.
Preferably, in the above-described hydrogen purification method, the purification apparatus a is sequentially communicated with at least two other purification apparatuses to achieve uniform pressure increase at least twice and respectively depressurize the other purification apparatuses.
Preferably, in the above-described hydrogen purification method, the number of times of pressure increase is three to eight times.
Preferably, in the above hydrogen purification method, in step S7), the adsorbent is first flushed with low-pressure hydrogen, and then flushed with high-pressure hydrogen in a second stage, and the flushing process is continuous.
Preferably, in the above-described hydrogen purification method, in step S5), the hydrogen gas with higher purity and the hydrogen gas with lower purity are collected separately, and the hydrogen gas with higher purity is collected by the forward purge buffer tank and used for subsequent flushing.
The hydrogen purification method has the beneficial effects that: the regeneration effect of the adsorbent is improved by uniformly reducing the pressure, sequentially reducing the pressure, reversely reducing the pressure and flushing for at least two times. In the process, a plurality of purification devices can work cooperatively, so that the regeneration efficiency of the adsorbent is improved while the hydrogen purification efficiency is improved, and the energy is saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a hydrogen purification method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc. are used in an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings only for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and are not intended to have a special meaning.
This example discloses a hydrogen purification method. The hydrogen purification method uses at least one purification apparatus. Seven purification devices are preferred in this embodiment. The purification apparatus may also be referred to as an adsorption column. The seven purification devices are respectively a purification device A, a purification device B, a purification device C, a purification device D, a purification device E, a purification device F and a purification device G. Of course, in other alternative embodiments, the number of purification devices may be other values, for example, the number of purification devices may be three, five, eight, etc.
As shown in fig. 1, the steps of the hydrogen purification method of the present embodiment include:
step S1) feed: and (3) feeding the feed gas into a purification device A provided with an adsorption bed through a feed valve, wherein the adsorption bed is provided with an adsorbent, and the interior of the purification device A reaches the adsorption pressure.
Step S2), yielding a product: the impurity gases in the raw material gas are sequentially adsorbed by the filled multiple adsorbents to obtain a product (namely hydrogen) with the purity of more than 99.9 percent. At least part of the separated hydrogen gas is discharged from the purification apparatus a to the product containing apparatus. Preferably, most of the separated hydrogen gas is discharged from the purification apparatus a to the product containing apparatus after being pressure-stabilized by the pressure regulating valve. And a small part of separated hydrogen is conveyed from the purification device A to the purification device B through a final-rising valve so as to boost the pressure of the purification device B and prepare for adsorption and purification of the purification device B. Thus, the high pressure in the purification device A is utilized to boost the pressure of the purification device B, so that the pressure in the purification device B reaches the adsorption pressure. The pressure of the purifying device B does not need to be increased through a pressure device.
Step S3) forming an adsorption reserve: the front of the impurity gas rises to near the outlet of the adsorption bed, but does not reach the outlet of the adsorption bed, the feed and discharge of the product are stopped to form an adsorption reserve.
Step S4) uniformly depressurizing at least twice.
Step S5) step forward pressure reduction: the pressure is reduced along the adsorption direction, the residual hydrogen in the purification device A is collected through the gas discharge buffer tank, and the impurity gas reaches the outlet of the adsorption bed.
Step S6) inverse discharge depressurization: the pressure was reduced against the direction of adsorption. Specifically, the pressure is reduced to 0.05mpa.g or less against the direction of adsorption, at which time the adsorbed impurity gas starts to be desorbed from the adsorbent.
Step S7) rinsing: the adsorbent is flushed by venting the hydrogen gas in the buffer tank.
The embodiment improves the regeneration effect of the adsorbent by uniformly reducing the pressure, sequentially reducing the pressure, reversely reducing the pressure and flushing for at least two times. In the process, seven purification devices can work cooperatively, so that the regeneration efficiency of the adsorbent is improved while the hydrogen purification efficiency is improved, and the energy is saved.
Preferably, in the above-described hydrogen purification method, the hydrogen purification method further includes step S8): and uniformly boosting the pressure of the purification device A at least twice until the adsorption pressure is reached, so as to prepare for next hydrogen purification. Thus, the purification apparatus A completes one cycle.
The seven purification devices are respectively in different working stages and mutually reduce or increase the pressure so as to save energy. Seven purification devices can be staggered in time one stage after the other in terms of operation time. During the operation of seven purification devices, one purification device is always in the adsorption phase, i.e., the phase of purifying hydrogen. This example achieves continuous separation and purification of the feed gas.
Preferably, the purification device a is sequentially communicated with at least two other purification devices to achieve at least two times of uniform depressurization and respectively boost the pressure of the other purification devices. Preferably, the number of uniform depressurisations is five. In other alternative embodiments, the number of uniform depressurization may also be three, four, six, seven or eight times. Specifically, the process of five times of uniform depressurization is as follows:
reducing the pressure uniformly: and opening the uniform program control valve, and sending the hydrogen with higher residual pressure in the purification device A into the purification device C which just completes the secondary pressure rise until the pressures of the purification device A and the purification device C are basically the same. In this process, the purifier C also recovers hydrogen from the dead space of the purifier A. The front of impurity gas continues to advance, but still does not reach the outlet of the adsorbent bed.
Pressure reduction for the second time: and after the uniform pressure reduction is finished, opening the uniform program control valve, and sending the hydrogen with higher residual pressure in the purification device A into the purification device D which just completes the uniform pressure reduction until the pressures of the purification device A and the purification device D are basically the same. In this process, the purification device D also recovers the hydrogen gas in the dead space of the purification device a. The front of impurity gas continues to advance, but still does not reach the outlet of the adsorbent bed.
Thirdly, reducing the pressure: and after the second average pressure reduction is finished, opening the uniform program control valve, and sending the hydrogen with higher residual pressure in the purification device A into the purification device E which just completes the fourth average pressure reduction until the pressures of the purification device A and the purification device E are basically the same. In this process, the purification unit E also recovers hydrogen gas in the dead space of the purification unit a. The front of impurity gas continues to advance, but still does not reach the outlet of the adsorbent bed.
Fourthly, reducing the pressure: and after the third step of pressure reduction is finished, opening the uniform program control valve, and sending the hydrogen with higher residual pressure in the purification device A into the purification device F which just completes the fifth step of pressure reduction until the pressures of the purification device A and the purification device F are basically the same. In this process, the purifier F also recovers hydrogen from the dead space of the purifier a. The front of impurity gas continues to advance, but still does not reach the outlet of the adsorbent bed.
And fifthly, reducing the pressure: and after the pressure reduction is finished, opening the uniform program control valve, and sending the hydrogen with higher residual pressure in the purification device A into the purification device G which just finishes the flushing regeneration until the pressure of the purification device A is basically the same as that of the purification device G. In this process, the purification apparatus G also recovers hydrogen gas in the dead space of the purification apparatus a. The front of impurity gas continues to advance, but still does not reach the outlet of the adsorbent bed.
Preferably, in step S5), the content of hydrogen is gradually reduced during the sequential depressurization. In order to ensure the flushing effect, the hydrogen with higher purity and the hydrogen with lower purity are respectively collected, and the hydrogen with higher purity is collected by a forward gas release buffer tank and is used for subsequent flushing.
Preferably, in step S7), the purification apparatus a is flushed from top to bottom by the hydrogen gas in the cis gas buffer tank, and at this time, the adsorbed impurity gas is desorbed in a large amount. Purification device A is washed through the hydrogen in the proper order gassing buffer tank to the direction of going against absorption, can make by the complete desorption of adsorbed impurity gas. The flushed hydrogen is sent to a desorption gas buffer tank for buffering and then sent out of the battery limit area.
In view of the high content of impurity gases, this example employs a continuous flushing process. The adsorbent is regenerated more thoroughly by continuously flushing for one adsorption cycle (about 100 seconds). Specifically, the adsorbent is first flushed with low-pressure hydrogen, and then flushed with high-pressure hydrogen.
Preferably, in the above-described hydrogen purification method, the purification apparatus a is sequentially communicated with at least two other purification apparatuses to achieve uniform pressure increase at least twice and pressure reduction for the other purification apparatuses, respectively. Preferably, the number of boosts is five. In other alternative embodiments, the number of uniform boosts may also be three, four, six, seven, or eight times. Specifically, the process of five times of uniform boosting is as follows:
and V, boosting pressure: and opening the uniform program control valve to communicate the purification device A with the purification device B, and boosting the pressure of the purification device A for the first time by using the hydrogen remaining in the purification device B until the pressures of the purification device A and the purification device B are basically the same. At this time, the purification apparatus a recovers hydrogen gas in the dead space of the purification apparatus B.
Fourthly, boosting pressure: and after the pressure of the purification device A is increased, opening the uniform program control valve to enable the purification device A to be communicated with the purification device C, and performing secondary pressure increase on the purification device A by using the residual hydrogen in the purification device C until the pressures of the purification device A and the purification device C are basically the same. At this time, the purification apparatus a recovers hydrogen gas in the dead space of the purification apparatus C.
Thirdly, boosting pressure: and after the pressure of the purification device A is increased, opening the uniform program control valve to communicate the purification device A with the purification device D, and increasing the pressure of the purification device A for the third time by using the residual hydrogen in the purification device D until the pressures of the purification device A and the purification device D are basically the same. At this time, the purification apparatus a recovers hydrogen gas in the dead space of the purification apparatus D.
Secondary pressure rise: and after the pressure of the purification device A is increased, opening the uniform program control valve to enable the purification device A to be communicated with the purification device E, and performing fourth pressure increase on the purification device A by using the residual hydrogen in the purification device E until the pressures of the purification device A and the purification device E are basically the same. At this time, the purification apparatus a recovers hydrogen gas in the dead space of the purification apparatus E.
Pressure equalization: and after the two times of pressure equalization, opening the uniform program control valve to enable the purification device A to be communicated with the purification device F, and performing fifth pressure boost on the purification device A by using the hydrogen remaining in the purification device F until the pressures of the purification device A and the purification device F are basically the same. At this time, the purification apparatus a recovers hydrogen gas in the dead space of the purification apparatus F.
After five pressure increases, the pressure of the purification apparatus a has approached the adsorption pressure. At this time, the final-rise valve is opened, and the pressure of the purification apparatus a is raised to the adsorption pressure with the product (hydrogen gas). The purification device A completes the whole circulation process.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Numerous obvious variations, adaptations and substitutions will occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for purifying hydrogen, comprising at least one purifying device, comprising the steps of:
step S1) feed: feeding the raw material gas into a purification device A provided with an adsorption bed, wherein the adsorption bed is provided with an adsorbent, and the interior of the purification device A reaches adsorption pressure;
step S2), yielding a product: the impurity gas in the raw material gas is adsorbed by the adsorbent, and at least part of the separated hydrogen gas is discharged from the purification device a to a product housing device;
step S3) forming an adsorption reserve: stopping feeding and discharging the product when the impurity gas does not reach the outlet of the adsorption bed to form the adsorption reserve section;
step S4) uniformly reducing the pressure for at least two times;
step S5) step forward pressure reduction: reducing the pressure along the adsorption direction, and collecting the residual hydrogen in the purification device A through a forward gas release buffer tank, wherein the impurity gas reaches the outlet of the adsorption bed;
step S6) inverse discharge depressurization: reducing the pressure against the direction of adsorption;
step S7) rinsing: and flushing the adsorbent by hydrogen in the forward exhaust buffer tank.
2. The method of purifying hydrogen as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of the purifying apparatuses is at least two, at least two of the purifying apparatuses are respectively in different operation stages, and are mutually depressurized or pressurized.
3. The hydrogen purification method according to claim 2, wherein in step S2), a part of the separated hydrogen gas is sent from the purification apparatus a to a purification apparatus B to boost the pressure of the purification apparatus B.
4. The method for purifying hydrogen as claimed in claim 2, wherein in step S4), the purifying device a is sequentially brought into communication with at least two other purifying devices to achieve uniform depressurization at least twice and to separately pressurize the other purifying devices.
5. The method of purifying hydrogen as claimed in claim 4, wherein the number of times of the uniform depressurization is three to eight times.
6. The hydrogen purification method according to claim 2, further comprising step S8): and uniformly boosting the pressure of the purification device A at least twice until the adsorption pressure is reached.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the purification apparatus A is sequentially communicated with at least two other purification apparatuses to achieve uniform pressure increase at least twice and pressure reduction respectively for the other purification apparatuses.
8. The method of purifying hydrogen as claimed in claim 7, wherein the number of times of pressure increase is three to eight times.
9. The method for purifying hydrogen according to claim 1, wherein in step S7), the adsorbent is first flushed with low-pressure hydrogen and then flushed with high-pressure hydrogen in a second stage, and the flushing is continuous.
10. The method for purifying hydrogen as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S5), the hydrogen gas with higher purity and the hydrogen gas with lower purity are collected separately, and the hydrogen gas with higher purity is collected by the forward purge buffer tank and used for subsequent flushing.
CN202110292406.1A 2021-03-18 2021-03-18 Hydrogen purification method Pending CN112938897A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116099326A (en) * 2023-03-14 2023-05-12 惠州市华达通气体制造股份有限公司 Adsorbent management method based on hydrogen production purification and electronic equipment

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101700874A (en) * 2009-09-09 2010-05-05 张文波 Hydrogen making method by pressure swing adsorption
CN102078740A (en) * 2010-12-13 2011-06-01 甘肃银光聚银化工有限公司 Method for separating and purifying hydrogen from water gas by pressure swing adsorption
CN102701151A (en) * 2012-06-12 2012-10-03 四川亚连科技有限责任公司 High-purity and high-recovery hydrogen purifying method and realizing device
WO2018108067A1 (en) * 2016-12-13 2018-06-21 北京信诺海博石化科技发展有限公司 Pressure swing adsorption process comprising concentrated waste gas pre-adsorption step

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101700874A (en) * 2009-09-09 2010-05-05 张文波 Hydrogen making method by pressure swing adsorption
CN102078740A (en) * 2010-12-13 2011-06-01 甘肃银光聚银化工有限公司 Method for separating and purifying hydrogen from water gas by pressure swing adsorption
CN102701151A (en) * 2012-06-12 2012-10-03 四川亚连科技有限责任公司 High-purity and high-recovery hydrogen purifying method and realizing device
WO2018108067A1 (en) * 2016-12-13 2018-06-21 北京信诺海博石化科技发展有限公司 Pressure swing adsorption process comprising concentrated waste gas pre-adsorption step

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116099326A (en) * 2023-03-14 2023-05-12 惠州市华达通气体制造股份有限公司 Adsorbent management method based on hydrogen production purification and electronic equipment

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Application publication date: 20210611