CN112876210B

CN112876210B - Preparation method of red tile

Info

Publication number: CN112876210B
Application number: CN202110381296.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张国新; 刘昭; 熊小武
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-04-09
Filing date: 2021-04-09
Publication date: 2023-08-29
Anticipated expiration: 2041-04-09
Also published as: CN112876210A

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of red tiles, and belongs to the technical field of tile making. The method comprises the following steps: (1) batching: uniformly mixing tile-making raw materials; (2) ball milling: adding water into the uniformly mixed raw materials, ball-milling to obtain slurry with the water content of 33-39%, and ball-milling to obtain a screen residue with the fineness of 250 meshes of 10-20%; (3) powder spraying and granulating: spraying powder to granulate the slurry obtained in the step (2) to obtain powder with the water content of 7.5-8.5%, wherein the hot air temperature is 900-950 ℃, and the powder contains more than 70% of 20-60 mesh particles; (4) press forming: pressing and molding the powder obtained in the step (3) by adopting a press with the weight of 1500 tons or more to obtain a tile blank; (5) drying and firing: and (3) feeding the tile blanks into a kiln, heating the tile blanks from room temperature to 190-210 ℃ within 25-35 minutes, drying the tile blanks, heating the tile blanks to 1075-1125 ℃ and firing the tile blanks for 25-40 minutes to obtain the product.

Description

Preparation method of red tile

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of tile making, and particularly relates to a preparation method of red tiles, in particular to a preparation method of small red tiles.

Background

Red tile (also known as cylinder tile) is a common building material and is used in a large amount in the building.

The existing red tile preparation process comprises the following steps:

(1) And (3) batching: crushing the tile making raw materials by a Raymond mill, and uniformly mixing the crushed raw materials according to a proportion;

(2) Pulping: adding water to prepare slurry with water content of 20-30%;

(3) Vacuum rough blank manufacturing: extruding and forming by a vacuum forming machine to obtain a wet blank;

(4) And (5) press forming: adopting compression molding equipment to press-mold the wet blank to obtain a tile blank;

(5) And (3) drying: drying the tile blank in a drying room until the moisture content of the tile blank is about 4%, wherein the drying temperature is about 200 ℃ and the drying time is more than 20 hours;

(6) Firing: and sintering in kiln to obtain the product with sintering temperature of 1000 deg.c and sintering time of 4 hr.

The applicant found the following three problems in preparing red tiles:

(1) The energy consumption is very high, the drying time reaches more than 20 hours, and the firing time reaches 4 hours;

(2) The production efficiency is low, and the method is required to be used for Raymond machines, pulping equipment, vacuum forming equipment, compression forming equipment, drying rooms, kilns and the like; the automation degree of equipment is low, and especially, the automation degree of equipment for pressing and forming wet blanks to obtain tile blanks is low and the efficiency is low, so that the bottleneck of production is formed;

(3) The processing time is long.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a preparation method of the red tile, which adopts a dry powder method to prepare the red tile and has the advantages of lower energy consumption, higher production efficiency, higher degree of automation, short processing time and the like. The technical scheme is as follows:

the embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a red tile, which comprises the following steps:

(1) And (3) batching: and mixing the tile making raw materials uniformly.

(2) Ball milling: adding water into the uniformly mixed raw materials, ball milling to obtain slurry with water content of 33-39%, ball milling to fineness of 250 mesh screen residue of 10-20%, and slurry density of 1.65-1.70g/cm ³ The powder spraying is convenient, and the particles with corresponding size and moisture content are obtained.

(3) Spraying powder and granulating: and (3) carrying out powder spraying granulation on the slurry obtained in the step (2) to obtain powder with the water content of 7.5-8.5%, wherein the hot air temperature is 900-950 ℃, and the powder contains more than 70% of 20-60 mesh particles (the mass content and the later content are the same), and the energy consumption is not very high due to the adoption of powder spraying granulation in the step.

(4) And (5) press forming: and (3) pressing and forming the powder obtained in the step (3) by using a 1500 ton or more press (corresponding mould, positive pressure or back pressure (preferred) forming and the like) to obtain the tile blank. In this step, a conventional press for making bricks (such as ceramic tiles) can be used, so that the degree of automation is higher and the efficiency is higher.

(5) Drying and firing: the tile blanks are sent into a kiln, the temperature is increased (slowly) from room temperature to 190-210 ℃ in 25-35 minutes, the tile blanks are dried, then the temperature is increased (rapidly, such as in 30 minutes) to 1075-1125 ℃ and the tile blanks are fired for 25-40 minutes to obtain the product. In the step, the drying and firing can be realized in the kiln, the efficiency is high, and the control is convenient.

Wherein, in the step (1), the tile making raw material comprises: 40-60 parts by weight of shale, 24-35 parts by weight of clay and 15-25 parts by weight of red sand.

Preferably, in step (1), the tile making raw material comprises: 50 parts by weight of shale, 30 parts by weight of clay and 20 parts by weight of red sand.

Preferably, in the step (2), slurry with the water content of 36% is obtained by ball milling, and the slurry is ball milled to the fineness of 15-17% of the 250 mesh screen residue.

Preferably, in step (3), the moisture content of the powder is 8%.

Further, in the step (3), the proportion of particles below 20 meshes in the powder is less than 5%.

Preferably, in step (4), the tile blank is obtained by back pressure forming.

Further, in step (5), the tile blank is dried until the water content of the tile blank is less than 0.3%.

Preferably, in step (5), the opposite side (the side facing the inside of the house) of the baked tile blank is glazed in an amount of 45-70 g/tile. Specifically, 60 g/tile was glazed for 320mm x 460mm gauge product; the glaze is conventional fired glaze, and is formed simultaneously in the firing forming process, and the application mode is spraying. Meanwhile, in the embodiment, the surface of the tile blank is very dry before glazing, so that the glaze is convenient to attach and shape. When glazing, the drying and firing can be performed in a drying kiln and a firing kiln, respectively. The glazing can ensure the waterproofness of the red tile and is more attractive.

Preferably, in step (5), the tile blanks are fed into a kiln, the tile blanks are dried by raising the temperature from room temperature to 200 ℃ within 30 minutes, and then the tile blanks are heated to 1100 ℃ and fired for 30 minutes to obtain the product.

Specifically, the preparation method of the red tile provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:

(1) And (3) batching: uniformly mixing tile making raw materials, wherein the tile making raw materials comprise: 40-60 parts by weight of shale, 24-35 parts by weight of clay and 15-25 parts by weight of red sand.

(2) Ball milling: adding water into the uniformly mixed raw materials, ball-milling to obtain slurry with the water content of 33-39%, and ball-milling to obtain the slurry with the fineness of 250 meshes and the screen residue of 10-20%.

(3) Spraying powder and granulating: and (3) spraying powder and granulating the slurry obtained in the step (2) to obtain powder with the water content of 7.5-8.5%, wherein the hot air temperature is 900-950 ℃, the powder contains more than 70% of 20-60 mesh particles, and the particle ratio below 20 mesh is less than 5%.

(4) And (5) press forming: and (3) adopting a press of 1500 tons or more to back-pressure mold the powder obtained in the step (3) to obtain the tile blank.

(5) And (3) drying: and (3) conveying the tile blanks into a drying kiln, and drying the tile blanks until the moisture content is less than 0.3% by raising the temperature from room temperature to 190-210 ℃ within 25-35 minutes.

(6) Glazing: glazing the back surface of the baked tile blank with the dosage of 45-70 g/tile.

(7) Firing: and (3) firing the glazed tile blank in a firing kiln at 1075-1125 ℃ for 25-40 minutes to obtain the product.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a preparation method of red tiles, which adopts a dry powder method to prepare the red tiles and has the advantages of lower energy consumption, higher production efficiency, higher degree of automation, short processing time and the like.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing red tiles provided by the invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, for the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent.

Example 1

Example 1 provides a method for preparing a red tile, comprising:

(1) And (3) batching: 50 parts by weight of shale, 30 parts by weight of clay and 20 parts by weight of red sand are mixed uniformly.

(2) Ball milling: adding water into the uniformly mixed raw materials, ball-milling to obtain slurry with the water content of 36%, and ball-milling to obtain the slurry with the fineness of 250 meshes and the screen residue of 15.93%.

(3) Spraying powder and granulating: spraying powder and granulating the slurry obtained in the step (2) in a hot air powder spraying tower to obtain powder with the water content of 8.0%, wherein the temperature of hot air is 900-950 ℃; wherein, in the powder material, 0-20 mesh particles account for 3.47%,20-40 mesh particles account for 57.3%,40-60 mesh particles account for 20.1%,60-80 mesh particles account for 12.5%, and more than 80 mesh particles (usually below 100 mesh) account for 6.6%.

(4) And (5) press forming: and (3) adopting a press (matched with a corresponding die) of 1500 tons or more to carry out back pressure molding on the powder obtained in the step (3) to obtain the tile blank.

(5) And (3) drying: and (3) feeding the tile blanks into a drying kiln, and drying the tile blanks from room temperature to 200 ℃ within 30 minutes until the moisture content is less than 0.3%.

(6) Glazing: glazing the back surface of the baked tile blank with the dosage of 60 g/tile.

(7) Firing: and (3) firing the glazed tile blanks in a firing kiln at 1100 ℃ for 30 minutes to obtain the products.

The red tiles produced in example 1 were tested using the GB/T21149-2007 sintered tile (class I tile) superior standard, the results of which are shown in Table 1 and Table 2:

TABLE 1

As can be seen from table 1, the red tiles of this patent meet the appearance requirements.

TABLE 2

From Table 2, the indexes of the red tile of the present patent, such as bending resistance, freezing resistance, quenching resistance and rapid heating resistance, reach the standards and the data are excellent.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 1, example 2 provides a method for preparing red tile, which comprises:

(1) And (3) batching: 45 parts by weight of shale, 35 parts by weight of clay and 18 parts by weight of red sand were mixed well.

(2) Ball milling: adding water into the uniformly mixed raw materials, ball-milling to obtain slurry with the water content of 38%, and ball-milling to obtain the slurry with the fineness of 250 meshes and the screen residue of 16.21%.

(3) Spraying powder and granulating: spraying powder and granulating the slurry obtained in the step (2) in a hot air powder spraying tower to obtain powder with the water content of 7.9%, wherein the temperature of hot air is 900-950 ℃; wherein, in the powder material, 0-20 mesh particles account for 2.91%,20-40 mesh particles account for 59.6%,40-60 mesh particles account for 19.6%,60-80 mesh particles account for 11.5%, and more than 80 mesh particles (usually below 100 mesh) account for 6.28%.

(5) Drying and firing: and (3) feeding the tile blanks into a kiln, drying the tile blanks from room temperature to 200 ℃ within 28 minutes until the moisture content is less than 0.3%, heating to 1100 ℃ and firing for 30 minutes to obtain the product.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a red tile, the method comprising:

(1) And (3) batching: uniformly mixing tile making raw materials, wherein the tile making raw materials comprise: 40-60 parts by weight of shale, 24-35 parts by weight of clay and 15-25 parts by weight of red sand;

(2) Ball milling: adding water into the uniformly mixed raw materials, ball-milling to obtain slurry with the water content of 33-39%, and ball-milling to obtain a screen residue with the fineness of 250 meshes of 10-20%;

(3) Spraying powder and granulating: spraying powder to granulate the slurry obtained in the step (2) to obtain powder with the water content of 7.5-8.5%, wherein the hot air temperature is 900-950 ℃, the powder contains more than 70% of 20-60 mesh particles, and the proportion of particles below 20 mesh is less than 5%;

(4) And (5) press forming: adopting a press with the weight of 1500 tons or more to back-pressure molding the powder obtained in the step (3) to obtain a tile blank;

(5) Drying and firing: and (3) feeding the tile blanks into a kiln, slowly raising the temperature from room temperature to 190-210 ℃ within 25-35 minutes, drying the tile blanks until the moisture content is less than 0.3%, quickly raising the temperature to 1075-1125 ℃ and firing for 25-40 minutes to obtain the product.

2. The method of manufacturing red tiles of claim 1, wherein in step (1), the tile-making raw material comprises: 50 parts by weight of shale, 30 parts by weight of clay and 20 parts by weight of red sand.

3. The method for preparing red tiles according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), slurry with water content of 36% is obtained by ball milling, and the slurry is ball milled to a fineness of 15-17% of a 250 mesh screen residue.

4. The method of manufacturing red tile according to claim 1, wherein in step (3), the water content of the powder is 8%.