CN112865043A - Multi-port direct current breaker and application method thereof - Google Patents
Multi-port direct current breaker and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112865043A CN112865043A CN202110245691.1A CN202110245691A CN112865043A CN 112865043 A CN112865043 A CN 112865043A CN 202110245691 A CN202110245691 A CN 202110245691A CN 112865043 A CN112865043 A CN 112865043A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
- H02H7/268—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured for DC systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
- H02H7/267—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured for parallel lines and wires
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for DC mains or DC distribution networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for DC mains or DC distribution networks
- H02J1/08—Three-wire systems; Systems having more than three wires
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/36—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks via a high-tension DC link
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/60—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks or generators via a high voltage DC link [HVCD]
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种多端口直流断路器及其应用方法，多端口直流断路器连接于第一换流站及第二换流站之间，第一换流站和第二换流站均包含至少两条直流出线线路，断路器包括：电磁耦合换流单元、限流单元、开断单元、能量吸收单元、多个通流单元、多个第一整流单元、多个第二整流单元：当换流站、连接线路正常时，通过通流单元实现换流站之间能量流动，当换流站、连接线路中的至少一个故障时，切断故障线路或全部线路，电磁耦合换流单元产生注入电流，整流单元将故障电流转移至限流单元、能量吸收单元，从而快速隔离所故障线路、故障换流站等，保障直流输电系统的安全、可靠和经济运行。
The invention discloses a multi-port DC circuit breaker and an application method thereof. The multi-port DC circuit breaker is connected between a first converter station and a second converter station, and both the first converter station and the second converter station include At least two DC outgoing lines, the circuit breaker includes: an electromagnetic coupling commutation unit, a current limiting unit, a breaking unit, an energy absorption unit, a plurality of current passing units, a plurality of first rectification units, and a plurality of second rectification units: when When the converter station and the connecting line are normal, the energy flow between the converter stations is realized through the current unit. When at least one of the converter station and the connecting line fails, the faulty line or all lines are cut off, and the electromagnetic coupling converter unit generates injection. The rectifier unit transfers the fault current to the current limiting unit and the energy absorption unit, so as to quickly isolate the faulty line and the faulty converter station, etc., to ensure the safe, reliable and economical operation of the DC transmission system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power systems and power electronics, in particular to a multi-port direct current circuit breaker and an application method thereof.
Background
The high-voltage direct-current circuit breaker is one of core devices for constructing a multi-terminal direct-current power grid, and the technical economy of the high-voltage direct-current circuit breaker directly influences the flexibility and the universality of the application of the direct-current power grid. At present, the main technical routes of the high-voltage direct-current circuit breaker are mainly two types: the circuit breaker is a hybrid direct-current circuit breaker, a mechanical switch is used for through-current in normal operation, an auxiliary current conversion branch circuit and the like are used for transferring current to a power electronic device branch circuit connected in parallel during fault, and then the power electronic device is used for breaking the current. The other type is a mechanical direct current breaker, arc quenching of a mechanical switch is realized by reversely injecting current into a pre-charging capacitor, and direct current breaking is finally completed. The technical scheme in the prior art is difficult to meet the dual requirements of large-scale direct-current power grid construction on the technical performance and the economical efficiency of the direct-current circuit breaker, and the large-scale application of the high-voltage direct-current circuit breaker in a multi-terminal direct-current power grid is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of more configuration quantity and high overall cost of high-voltage direct-current circuit breakers in a high-voltage large-capacity flexible direct-current power grid in the prior art, so that the multi-port direct-current circuit breaker and the application method thereof are provided.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-port dc circuit breaker, where the multi-port dc circuit breaker is connected between a first converter station and a second converter station, and both the first converter station and the second converter station include at least two dc outgoing lines, and the circuit breaker includes: the electromagnetic coupling current conversion unit, current limiting unit, cut-off unit, energy absorption unit, a plurality of current flow unit, rectification unit, the rectification unit includes a plurality of first rectification units and a plurality of second rectification units, wherein, first converter station is connected with a second converter station through a current flow unit, and current flow unit includes: at least one set of fast mechanical switches; the first converter station is also respectively connected with the first end of the switching-on/off unit and the first end of the energy absorption unit through the first rectifying unit, the electromagnetic coupling converter unit and the current limiting unit in sequence, and after the second end of the switching-on/off unit and the second end of the energy absorption unit are connected, the first converter station is correspondingly connected with the second converter stations through the first rectifying units; the first converter station is also respectively connected with the second end of the switching-on/off unit and the second end of the energy absorption unit through second rectifying units, and each second converter station is connected with the first rectifying unit and the connecting point between the electromagnetic coupling converter units through one second rectifying unit; when the circuit where each current unit is located and the first converter station normally operate, the current units are used for realizing load current transmission between the first converter station and the second converter station; when at least one of the circuit where the through-current unit is located and the first converter station has a fault, the first rectifying unit and the second rectifying unit are used for transferring fault current, isolating the fault circuit and protecting the normal operation of the sound circuit; the electromagnetic coupling current conversion unit is used for generating oscillation and converting the load current from the through-current unit to the current limiting unit and the cut-off unit; the current limiting unit is used for limiting system fault current; the breaking unit is used for breaking the system fault current; the energy absorption unit is used for inhibiting the breaking overvoltage and absorbing the energy stored by the inductive element of the system.
In one embodiment, the first rectifying unit and the second rectifying unit are each composed of a first diode connected in series, or a first thyristor connected in series, or a first diode and a mechanical switch connected in series, or a first thyristor and a mechanical switch connected in series.
In one embodiment, the electromagnetically coupled commutation cell comprises: the first end of the primary side of the coupling reactor is connected with the first converter station through a first rectifying unit, and the second end of the primary side of the coupling reactor is connected with the current limiting unit; the first capacitor, the first switch circuit and the secondary side of the coupling reactor are connected in series in sequence to form an electromagnetic coupling loop.
In one embodiment, the current limiting unit includes a capacitive current limiting circuit or an inductive current limiting circuit, wherein the capacitive current limiting circuit is composed of a first resistor and a nonlinear capacitor connected in parallel; an inductive current limiting circuit comprising: the second capacitor, the second thyristor and the inductor are connected in series and then connected with the second switch circuit in parallel.
In one embodiment, the opening unit is configured by a plurality of third switching circuits connected in series, the third switching circuits including: the controllable switch tube, the second diode, the third capacitor, the second resistor and the third resistor, wherein the second diode is connected in series with the third capacitor and then connected in parallel with the controllable switch tube, the second diode is connected in parallel with the second resistor, and the third capacitor is connected in parallel with the third resistor.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an application method of a multi-port dc circuit breaker, where based on the multi-port dc circuit breaker of the first aspect, the application method includes: initializing a multi-port circuit breaker to an initialized state, the initialized state comprising: each first rectifying unit, each second rectifying unit and each through-flow unit are unlocked, and each electromagnetic coupling current conversion unit, each current limiting unit and each cut-off unit are locked; in the running process of the multi-port direct current circuit breaker, monitoring the running states of the first converter station and the line where each through-flow unit is located in real time, and judging whether the line where the first converter station and each through-flow unit are located runs normally or not; when the outlet of the first converter station has a fault, the second rectifying unit transfers the system fault current to the energy absorption unit by controlling the running states of each through-flow unit, the electromagnetic coupling converter unit, the current limiting unit and the switching-off unit based on a first preset control method until the system fault current is absorbed by the energy absorption unit to be zero-crossed; when the outlet of the first converter station normally operates and the line where at least one through-flow unit is located has a ground fault, the first rectifying unit transfers the system fault current to the energy absorption unit by controlling the operation states of the through-flow unit, the electromagnetic coupling converter unit, the current limiting unit and the switching-off unit of the ground fault line based on the second preset control method until the system fault current is absorbed by the energy absorption unit to be zero-crossed.
In one embodiment, the first preset control method includes: unlocking all third switch circuits and current limiting units of the switching-on and switching-off unit, locking all through-flow units, and unlocking the first switch circuit of the electromagnetic coupling unit when contacts of mechanical switches of all through-flow units are separated; and judging whether the mechanical switches of all the through-flow units are enough open-distance to withstand the transient breaking voltage or not, and locking the breaking units after the mechanical switches are enough open-distance to withstand the transient breaking voltage.
In an embodiment, the second preset control method includes: unlocking all third switch circuits and current limiting units of the switching-on and switching-off unit and locking the through-flow unit of the ground fault line, and unlocking the first switch circuit of the electromagnetic coupling unit when the contacts of the mechanical switch of the through-flow unit of the ground fault line are separated; and judging whether a mechanical switch of a through-flow unit of the ground fault line is enough to withstand the transient breaking voltage at an open distance or not, and locking the breaking unit after the mechanical switch is enough to withstand the transient breaking voltage at the open distance.
In an embodiment, a through-current unit of a ground fault line is reclosed by using a third preset control method, where the third preset control method includes: unlocking all third switch circuits of the switching-on and switching-off unit, and judging whether the ground fault still exists; if the ground fault still exists, all third switch circuits of the switching-off unit are locked; and when the ground fault is cleared, the through-flow unit of the ground fault line is unlocked, and all third switch circuits of the switching-off unit are locked after the current of the switching-off unit crosses zero.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention provides a multiport direct current breaker and an application method thereof.A plurality of converter stations are connected through the multiport direct current breaker, when the converter stations and a connecting line are normal, a through-flow unit realizes energy flow between the converter stations, when at least one of the converter stations and the connecting line has a fault, a fault line or all lines are cut off, an electromagnetic coupling converter unit generates injection current, and a rectifying unit transfers the fault current to a current limiting unit and an energy absorption unit, so that a fault line, a direct current bus connected with the fault converter station, a plurality of fault direct current line sides and the like are quickly isolated, and the safe, reliable and economic operation of a direct current transmission system is ensured.
2. According to the multi-port direct current circuit breaker and the application method thereof, the direct current circuit breaker through-flow unit utilizes the quick mechanical switch, so that the loss of energy between converter stations is avoided, the circuit breaker has the characteristics of quickness, two-way performance, strong current breaking, strong expansibility and the like, the quick reclosing can be realized, the technical performance is good, and different operation requirements of a direct current power grid can be met.
3. According to the multi-port direct current breaker and the application method thereof, the direct current breaker electromagnetic coupling converter unit, the current limiting unit, the breaking unit and the energy absorption unit are shared between the first converter station and the plurality of second converter stations, so that flexible, simple and low-cost expansion along with increase of direct current lines is realized.
4. Compared with an independent mixed type direct current circuit breaker arranged on each direct current line, the multi-port direct current circuit breaker has the advantages that equipment cost of the direct current circuit breaker applied to a high-voltage high-capacity direct current power grid is remarkably reduced, high technical economy is achieved, the total volume of the direct current circuit breakers in the multi-direct current outlet converter station is reduced, and integral arrangement and design of the converter station are facilitated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a specific example of a multi-port dc circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2(a) to 2(d) are schematic diagrams illustrating specific examples of a first rectifying unit and a second rectifying unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3(a) to fig. 3(b) are composition diagrams of specific examples of the electromagnetically coupled rectifying unit according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4(a) to fig. 4(b) are all schematic diagrams illustrating specific examples of the current limiting unit according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a composition diagram of a specific example of the disconnection unit provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of a specific example of an application method of a multi-port dc circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a circuit configuration diagram of a specific example of a multi-port dc circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the two elements may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or may be communicated with each other inside the two elements, or may be wirelessly connected or wired connected. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Example 1
An embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-port dc circuit breaker, which is applied to an energy transmission situation between multiple converter stations, as shown in fig. 1, the multi-port dc circuit breaker is connected between a first converter station 11 and a second converter station 12, each of the first converter station 11 and the second converter station 12 includes at least two dc outgoing lines, and the circuit breaker includes: the electromagnetic coupling commutation unit 2, the current limiting unit 3, the switching unit 4, the energy absorbing unit 5, the plurality of through-current units 6 and the rectifying unit, wherein the rectifying unit comprises a plurality of first rectifying units 71 and a plurality of second rectifying units 72.
The first converter station 11 of the embodiment of the invention is connected to a second converter station 12 via a through-flow unit 6, the through-flow unit 6 comprising: the quick mechanical switch can adopt a multi-fracture series connection mode, a multi-branch parallel connection mode and a multi-fracture series-parallel connection mode according to the electrical stress, so that energy loss between converter stations is avoided, the quick mechanical switch has the characteristics of quickness, two directions, strong current breaking, strong expansibility and the like, quick reclosing can be realized, the technical performance is good, and different operation requirements of a direct current power grid can be met.
As shown in fig. 1, the first converter station 11 according to the embodiment of the present invention is further connected to the first end of the disconnection unit 4 and the first end of the energy absorption unit 5 respectively through the first rectification unit 71, the electromagnetic coupling converter unit 2, and the current limiting unit 3 in sequence, and after the second end of the disconnection unit 4 and the second end of the energy absorption unit 5 are connected, the first converter station is correspondingly connected to the plurality of second converter stations 12 through the plurality of first rectification units 71; the first converter station 11 is further connected to the second end of the disconnection unit 4 and the second end of the energy absorption unit 5 via a second rectifying unit 72, and each second converter station 12 is connected to the first rectifying unit 71 and the electromagnetically coupled converter unit 2 via a second rectifying unit.
It should be noted that, in the power system, the second converter station 12 is also connected to other converter stations through a multi-port dc breaker as shown in fig. 1, so as to realize energy flow between the second converter station and other converter stations, and details are not described herein.
In the embodiment of the present invention, when the line on which each current flowing unit 6 is located and the first converter station 11 normally operate, the current flowing unit 6 is used for realizing load current transmission between the first converter station 11 and the second converter station 12; when at least one of the line where the circulating unit 6 is located and the first converter station 11 has a fault, the first rectifying unit 71 and the second rectifying unit 72 are used for transferring fault current, isolating the fault line and protecting the normal operation of the healthy line; the electromagnetic coupling commutation unit 2 is used for generating oscillation and converting load current from the through-flow unit 6 to the current limiting unit 3 and the cut-off unit 4; the current limiting unit 3 is used for limiting system fault current; the breaking unit 4 is used for breaking the system fault current; the energy absorption unit 5 is used for suppressing the breaking overvoltage and absorbing the energy stored in the inductive element of the system.
In the embodiment of the present invention, after the multi-port dc circuit breaker shown in fig. 1 is put into the power system, the operation states of the current passing units 6 and the first converter station 11 are monitored in real time, and different load current paths are set based on the operation states of the current passing units and the first converter station, for example: when the through-flow units 6 and the first converter station 11 operate normally, the direct-current lines # 1 to # N realize energy flow between the first converter station 11 and the second converter station 12; when a certain direct current line has a ground fault, taking the direct current line # 1 as an example, at this time, by controlling the on-off states of the through-current unit 6, the electromagnetic coupling converter unit 2 and the current limiting unit 3 connected thereto, the energy flow between the first converter station 11 and the second converter station 12 connected to the direct current line # 1 is realized through the first rectifying unit 71, the electromagnetic coupling converter unit 2, the current limiting unit 3, the on-off unit 4 and the energy absorbing unit 5 connected to the first converter station 11 and the first rectifying unit 71 connected to the second converter station 12, and the energy flow between the first converter station 11 and the second converter station 12 correspondingly connected to the direct current line # 2-the direct current line # N is realized through the other normal direct current lines # 2-the direct current line # N; when an outlet of the first converter station 11 has a fault, the second rectifying unit 72 connected to the second converter station 12, the electromagnetically coupled converter unit 2, the current limiting unit 3, the disconnecting unit 4, the energy absorbing unit 5, and the second rectifying unit 72 connected to the first converter station 11 are used to realize energy flow between the first converter station 11 and all the second converter stations 12, and it should be noted that when the second converter station 12 is connected to the converter stations through a multi-port dc breaker.
According to the multi-port direct current circuit breaker provided by the embodiment of the invention, two converter stations are connected through the multi-port direct current circuit breaker, when the converter stations and a connecting line are normal, the through-flow unit realizes energy flow between the converter stations, when at least one of the converter stations and the connecting line has a fault, a fault line or all lines are cut off, the electromagnetic coupling converter unit generates injection current, and the rectifying unit transfers the fault current to the current limiting unit and the energy absorption unit, so that the fault line, the fault converter station and the like are quickly isolated, and the safe, reliable and economic operation of a direct current transmission system is ensured.
In an embodiment, the first rectifying unit 71 and the second rectifying unit 72 are both composed of switching components, but the current flowing directions controlled by the two are different, the switching components include a combination of the first diode D1, the first thyristor S1, and the mechanical switch K1, for example: as shown in fig. 2(a), each of the first rectifying unit 71 and the second rectifying unit 72 is a diode rectifier valve section formed by a first diode D1 connected in series, or as shown in fig. 2(b), each of the first rectifying unit 71 and the second rectifying unit 72 is a thyristor rectifier valve section formed by a first thyristor S1 connected in series, or as shown in fig. 2(c), each of the first rectifying unit 71 and the second rectifying unit 72 is a diode and mechanical switch K1 series rectifier valve section formed by a first diode D1 and a mechanical switch K1 connected in series, or as shown in fig. 2(D), each of the first thyristor S1 and a mechanical switch K1 connected in series with the first rectifying unit 71 and the second rectifying unit 72 is a thyristor and mechanical switch K1 series rectifier valve section.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 3(a) and 3(b), the electromagnetically coupled commutating means 2 includes: 21, a coupling reactor L1, a first capacitor C1, and a first switch circuit, wherein a first primary side end of the coupling reactor L1 is connected to the first converter station 11 through the first rectifying unit 71, and a second primary side end thereof is connected to the current limiting unit 3; the first capacitor C1, the first switch circuit 21, and the secondary side of the coupling reactor L1 are connected in series in this order to form an electromagnetic coupling circuit, the first switch circuit 21 in fig. 3(a) is formed by a thyristor and a diode connected in anti-parallel, and the first switch circuit 21 in fig. 3(b) is formed by an IGBT and a diode connected in anti-parallel.
In an embodiment, the current limiting unit 3 includes a capacitive current limiting circuit 31 or an inductive current limiting circuit 32, wherein, as shown in fig. 4(a), the capacitive current limiting circuit 31 is composed of a first resistor R1 and a nonlinear capacitor C2 connected in parallel; as shown in fig. 4(b), the inductive current limiting circuit 32 includes: the second switch circuit 321 may be composed of thyristors connected in anti-parallel, and the second capacitor C3, the second thyristor S2, the inductor L2, and the second switch circuit 321 are connected in parallel with the second switch circuit 321 after being connected in series with the second capacitor C3, the second thyristor S2, and the inductor L2.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the opening unit 4 is composed of a plurality of third switching circuits 41 connected in series, the third switching circuits 41 including: the controllable switch tube S3, a second diode D2, a third capacitor C4, a second resistor R2 and a third resistor R3, wherein the second diode D2 is connected in series with the third capacitor C4 and then connected in parallel with the controllable switch tube S3, the second diode D2 is connected in parallel with the second resistor R2, and the third capacitor C4 is connected in parallel with the third resistor R3.
It should be noted that, in the whole power system, each converter station may be connected to other converter stations through a multi-port dc breaker, the converter station that generates energy is used as the first converter station 11, and the converter station that receives energy is used as the second converter station 12, and since the first rectifying unit 71 and the second rectifying unit 72 are used for isolating and realizing energy flow, the connection direction of the first rectifying unit 71 and the second rectifying unit 72 is set according to the actual situation, so the multi-port dc breaker may be applied according to the above method.
According to the multi-port direct current breaker provided by the embodiment of the invention, the direct current breaker electromagnetic coupling converter unit, the current limiting unit, the breaking unit and the energy absorption unit are shared between the first converter station and the plurality of second converter stations, so that flexible, simple and low-cost expansion along with increase of direct current lines is realized; compared with an independent mixed type direct current breaker arranged on each direct current line, the direct current breaker is remarkably reduced in equipment cost applied to a high-voltage high-capacity direct current power grid, high in technical economy, the total volume of the direct current breakers in the multi-direct current outlet convertor station is reduced, and the integral arrangement and design of the convertor station are facilitated.
Example 2
An embodiment of the present invention provides an application method of a multi-port dc circuit breaker, as shown in fig. 6, based on the multi-port dc circuit breaker of embodiment 1, the application method includes:
step S11: initializing a multi-port circuit breaker to an initialized state, the initialized state comprising: each first rectifying unit, each second rectifying unit and each through-flow unit are unlocked, and the electromagnetic coupling current conversion unit, the current limiting unit and the switching-on/off unit are locked.
Step S12: and in the running process of the multi-port direct current circuit breaker, the running states of the lines of the first converter station and each through-current unit are monitored in real time, and whether the lines of the first converter station and each through-current unit run normally or not is judged.
Step S13: when the outlet of the first converter station has a fault, the second rectifying unit transfers the system fault current to the energy absorption unit by controlling the running states of each through-flow unit, the electromagnetic coupling converter unit, the current limiting unit and the switching-off unit based on a first preset control method until the system fault current is absorbed by the energy absorption unit to be zero-crossed.
Step S14: when the outlet of the first converter station normally operates and the line where at least one through-flow unit is located has a ground fault, the first rectifying unit transfers the system fault current to the energy absorption unit by controlling the operation states of the through-flow unit, the electromagnetic coupling converter unit, the current limiting unit and the switching-off unit of the ground fault line based on the second preset control method until the system fault current is absorbed by the energy absorption unit to be zero-crossed.
Referring to fig. 7, a specific circuit structure of a multi-port dc circuit breaker is illustrated, in fig. 7, a first converter station is connected to two second converter stations through a multi-port dc circuit breaker, the multi-port dc circuit breaker includes three first rectifying units, three second rectifying units, and two current-passing units, the current-passing unit is composed of a mechanical switch, a first switch circuit of an electromagnetically coupled converting unit is composed of a thyristor and a diode connected in anti-parallel, a current-limiting unit is an inductive current-limiting circuit, and the first rectifying unit and the second rectifying unit are composed of a first diode and a mechanical switch connected in series.
As shown in fig. 7, when the operating states of the first converter station # 1, the dc line #11, and the dc line # 12 are all normal, the first rectifying unit # 1, the first rectifying unit #11, the first rectifying unit # 12, the second rectifying unit #2, the second rectifying unit # 21, and the second rectifying unit #22 are all unlocked.
As shown in fig. 7, when energy needs to flow from the first converter station # 1 to the second converter station # 21 and the second converter station #22, respectively, the application method of the multi-port dc breaker according to the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
(1) when the first converter station # 1, the dc line #11 and the dc line # 12 are all operating normally, the electromagnetically coupled converter unit, the current limiting unit and the disconnecting unit are all locked, the current unit #11 and the current unit # 12 are unlocked, that is, the energy between the first converter station # 1 and the second converter station # 21 flows through the dc line # 1, and the energy between the first converter station # 1 and the second converter station #22 flows through the dc line # 2.
(2) When the outlet of the first converter station # 1 is in fault, the through-flow unit #11 and the through-flow unit # 12 are locked, the electromagnetic coupling current conversion unit, the current limiting unit and the disconnection unit are unlocked based on the first preset control method, the capacitor on the secondary side of the electromagnetic coupling rectification unit and the inductor on the secondary side of the coupling reactor generate oscillation, the voltage is induced on the primary side of the coupling reactor, therefore, the energy output from the second converter station # 21 flows to the first converter station # 1 sequentially through the second rectifying unit # 21, the electromagnetic coupling unit, the current limiting unit, the energy absorbing unit and the second rectifying unit #2, and the energy output from the second converter station #22 flows to the first converter station # 1 sequentially through the second rectifying unit #22, the electromagnetic coupling unit, the current limiting unit, the energy absorbing unit and the second rectifying unit #2 until the fault current is absorbed by the energy absorbing unit.
(3) Firstly, when the direct current line # 1 has a ground fault and the direct current line #2 normally operates, at this time, based on a second preset control method, the through-flow unit #11 is locked, the through-flow unit # 12, the electromagnetic coupling commutation unit, the current limiting unit and the disconnection unit are all unlocked, at this time, a capacitor on a secondary side of the electromagnetic coupling commutation unit and an inductor on a secondary side of the coupling reactor oscillate, and a voltage is induced on a primary side of the coupling reactor, so that a fault current output by the first converter station # 1 sequentially passes through the first commutation unit # 1, the electromagnetic coupling commutation unit, the current limiting unit, the disconnection unit (or an energy absorption unit) and the first commutation unit #11 until the fault current is absorbed by the energy absorption unit, and energy between the first converter station # 1 and the second converter station #22 still flows through the direct current line # 2.
Secondly, when the direct current line #2 has a ground fault and the direct current line # 1 normally operates, at this time, based on a second preset control method, the through-flow unit # 12 is locked, the through-flow unit #11, the electromagnetic coupling commutation unit, the current limiting unit and the breaking unit are all unlocked, at this time, a capacitor on a secondary side of the electromagnetic coupling commutation unit and an inductor on a secondary side of the coupling reactor oscillate, and a voltage is induced on a primary side of the coupling reactor, so that a fault current output by the first converter station # 1 sequentially passes through the first commutation unit # 1, the electromagnetic coupling commutation unit, the current limiting unit, the breaking unit (or the energy absorption unit) and the first commutation unit # 12 until the fault current is absorbed by the energy absorption unit, and energy between the first converter station # 1 and the second converter station #22 still flows through the direct current line # 1.
When the direct current line # 1 and the direct current line #2 both have ground faults, based on the second preset control method, the through-current unit #11 and the through-current unit # 12 are locked, the electromagnetic coupling commutation unit, the current limiting unit and the disconnection unit are unlocked, at this time, the capacitance of the secondary side of the electromagnetic coupling rectification unit and the inductance of the secondary side of the coupling reactor generate oscillation, and the voltage is induced by the primary side of the coupling reactor, so that the fault current output by the first commutation station # 1 sequentially passes through the first rectification unit # 1, the electromagnetic coupling commutation unit, the current limiting unit, the disconnection unit (or energy absorption unit), the first rectification unit #11 and the first rectification unit # 12 until the fault current is absorbed by the energy absorption unit.
It should be noted that, in the whole power system, each converter station may be connected to other converter stations through a multi-port dc breaker, the converter station that generates energy is used as the first converter station, and the converter station that receives energy is used as the second converter station, and since the first rectifying unit and the second rectifying unit are used for isolating and realizing energy flow, the connection direction of the first rectifying unit and the second rectifying unit is set according to the actual situation, so the multi-port dc breaker may also be applied according to the above method.
In one embodiment, the first preset control method includes:
step S21: and unlocking all the third switch circuits and the current limiting units of the switching-on and switching-off unit and locking all the through-flow units, and unlocking the first switch circuit of the electromagnetic coupling unit when the contacts of the mechanical switches of all the through-flow units are separated.
Step S22: and judging whether the mechanical switches of all the through-flow units are enough open-distance to withstand the transient breaking voltage or not, and locking the breaking units after the mechanical switches are enough open-distance to withstand the transient breaking voltage.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the steps S21 to S22 are specifically described with the multi-port dc breaker shown in fig. 7:
when the outlet of the first converter station #1 fails, the specific implementation process of the application method (2) is as follows: firstly, all the third switch circuits and current limiting units in the switching unit are unlocked, the through-current unit #11 and the through-current unit #12 are locked, then when the contacts of the quick mechanical switches of the through-current unit #11 and the through-current unit #12 are separated, the first switch circuit of the electromagnetic coupling commutation unit is unlocked, the secondary side capacitor of the electromagnetic coupling commutation unit and the secondary side inductor of the coupling reactor oscillate, the primary side induced voltage of the coupling reactor enables the whole conduction voltage drop of the switching unit to be lower than the arc voltage of the quick mechanical switch, the forced current is transferred from the through-current unit #11 and the through-current unit #12, at the moment, the energy output by the second commutation station #21 sequentially flows to the first commutation station #1 through the second commutation unit #21, the electromagnetic coupling unit, the current limiting unit, the switching unit, the second commutation unit #2, and the energy output by the second commutation station #22 sequentially flows to, The electromagnetic coupling unit, the current limiting unit, the opening and closing unit and the second rectifying unit #2 flow to the first converter station #1, then when the mechanical switches of the through-flow unit #11 and the through-flow unit #12 are both sufficiently open to withstand the transient breaking voltage, all the third switch circuits of the opening and closing unit are closed, at this time, the fault current output by the second converter station #21 is transmitted to the energy absorption unit through the second rectifying unit #21, the electromagnetic coupling converter unit and the current limiting unit, the fault current output by the second converter station #22 is transmitted to the energy absorption unit through the second rectifying unit #22, the electromagnetic coupling converter unit and the current limiting unit, and the fault current is absorbed by the energy absorption unit.
In an embodiment, the second preset control method includes:
step S31: and unlocking all the third switch circuits and the current limiting unit of the switching-on/off unit and locking the through-flow unit of the ground fault line, and unlocking the first switch circuit of the electromagnetic coupling unit when the contacts of the mechanical switch of the through-flow unit of the ground fault line are separated.
Step S32: and judging whether a mechanical switch of a through-flow unit of the ground fault line is enough to withstand the transient breaking voltage at an open distance or not, and locking the breaking unit after the mechanical switch is enough to withstand the transient breaking voltage at the open distance.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the steps S31 to S32 are specifically described with the multi-port dc breaker shown in fig. 7:
when the dc line #1 has a ground fault and the dc line #2 operates normally, the specific implementation process of the first method of the application method (3) is as follows: firstly, all the third switch circuits and current limiting units in the switching-on and switching-off unit are unlocked, the through-current unit #11 is locked, and the through-current unit #12 is always in an unlocked state, then when the contacts of the quick mechanical switch of the through-current unit #11 are separated, the first switch circuit of the electromagnetic coupling commutation unit is unlocked, the capacitance of the secondary side of the electromagnetic coupling commutation unit and the inductance of the secondary side of the coupling reactor generate oscillation, the voltage is induced by the primary side of the coupling reactor, the whole conduction voltage drop of the switching-on and switching-off unit is lower than the arc voltage of the quick mechanical switch, the current is forced to be transferred from the through-current unit #11, so that the fault current output by the first commutation station #1 is completely transferred to the current limiting units and the switching-on and switching-off unit, then when the mechanical switch of the through-current unit #11 is enough to be open to withstand the breaking voltage, at the, The electromagnetically coupled converter unit, the current limiting unit, the energy absorbing unit and the first rectifying unit #11 are transmitted to the second converter station #21, and energy between the first converter station #1 and the second converter station #22 flows through the direct current circuit # 2. It should be noted that, when the first converter station # 1 is operating normally, the dc line #2 is in ground fault, the dc line # 1 is operating normally, or when both the dc line # 1 and the dc line #2 are in ground fault, the energy between the first converter station # 1 and the second converter station #22 flows through the electromagnetic coupling rectifying unit, the current limiting unit, the disconnecting unit and the energy absorbing unit, and the energy between the first converter station # 1 and the second converter station # 21 flows through the dc line # 1 according to the principle of the above method.
In a specific embodiment, a third preset control method is used to reclose a current unit of a ground fault line, and the third preset control method includes:
step S41: and unlocking all third switch circuits of the on-off unit, and judging whether the ground fault still exists.
Step S42: if the ground fault still exists, all third switch circuits of the switching-off unit are locked; and when the ground fault is cleared, the through-flow unit of the ground fault line is unlocked, and all third switch circuits of the switching-off unit are locked after the current of the switching-off unit crosses zero.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the steps S41 to S42 are specifically described with the multi-port dc breaker shown in fig. 7:
when the first converter station # 1 normally operates, the direct current line # 1 has a ground fault, and the direct current line #2 normally operates, the through-current unit # 12 is always in the unlocked state, and the specific implementation process of reclosing the fast mechanical switch in the through-current unit #11 is as follows: after step S32, first, all the third switch circuits of the switching unit are unlocked, whether there is still a ground fault is determined, and if there is still a ground fault, all the third switch circuits of the switching unit are locked; when the ground fault is cleared, the through-current unit #11 is unlocked, and after the current of the switching-off unit crosses zero, all the third switch circuits of the switching-off unit are locked, and at the moment, the current output by the first converter station # 1 is respectively transmitted to the second converter station # 21 and the second converter station #22 through the direct current line # 1 and the direct current line # 2.
It should be noted that, in the whole power system, each converter station may be connected to other converter stations through a multi-port dc breaker, the converter station that generates energy is used as the first converter station, and the converter station that receives energy is used as the second converter station, and since the first rectifying unit and the second rectifying unit are used for isolating and realizing energy flow, the connection direction of the first rectifying unit and the second rectifying unit is set according to the actual situation, so the multi-port dc breaker may also be applied according to the above method.
According to the application method of the multi-port direct current circuit breaker provided by the embodiment of the invention, two converter stations are connected through the multi-port direct current circuit breaker, when the converter stations and a connecting line are normal, the through-flow unit realizes energy flow between the converter stations, when at least one of the converter stations and the connecting line has a fault, a fault line or all lines are cut off, the electromagnetic coupling converter unit automatically induces voltage, and fault current is transferred to the current limiting unit and the energy absorption unit, so that the fault line, the fault converter station and the like are quickly isolated, and the safe, reliable and economic operation of a direct current transmission system is ensured.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a multiport direct current circuit breaker, its characterized in that, multiport direct current circuit breaker is connected between first converter station and second converter station, first converter station and second converter station all contain two at least direct current outgoing lines, the circuit breaker includes: the electromagnetic coupling current conversion unit, the current limiting unit, the switching-on/off unit, the energy absorption unit, the plurality of through-flow units and the rectification unit, wherein the rectification unit comprises a plurality of first rectification units and a plurality of second rectification units,
the first converter station is connected to a second converter station via a through-flow unit, the through-flow unit comprising: at least one set of fast mechanical switches;
the first converter station is also respectively connected with the first end of the switching-on/off unit and the first end of the energy absorption unit sequentially through the first rectifying unit, the electromagnetic coupling converter unit and the current limiting unit, and after the second end of the switching-on/off unit and the second end of the energy absorption unit are connected, the first converter station is correspondingly connected with the second converter stations through the first rectifying units;
the first converter station is also respectively connected with the second end of the switching-on/off unit and the second end of the energy absorption unit through second rectifying units, and each second converter station is connected with the first rectifying unit and the connecting point between the electromagnetic coupling converter units through one second rectifying unit;
when a line on which each current unit is located and the first converter station normally operate, the current units are used for realizing load current transmission between the first converter station and the second converter station;
when at least one of the circuit where the through-current unit is located and the first converter station has a fault, the first rectifying unit and the second rectifying unit are used for transferring fault current, isolating the fault circuit and protecting the normal operation of the sound circuit; the electromagnetic coupling current conversion unit is used for generating oscillation and converting load current from the current through unit to the current limiting unit and the cut-off unit; the current limiting unit is used for limiting system fault current; the breaking unit is used for breaking system fault current; the energy absorption unit is used for inhibiting breaking overvoltage and absorbing energy stored by an inductive element of the system.
2. The multi-port dc circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the first and second rectifying units are each constituted by a first diode connected in series, or a first thyristor connected in series, or a first diode and a mechanical switch connected in series, or a first thyristor and a mechanical switch connected in series.
3. The multiport dc circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that said electromagnetically coupled commutation cell comprises: a coupling reactor, a first capacitor and a first switch circuit, wherein,
a first end of a primary side of the coupling reactor is connected with the first converter station through the first rectifying unit, and a second end of the primary side of the coupling reactor is connected with the current limiting unit;
the first capacitor, the first switch circuit and the secondary side of the coupling reactor are sequentially connected in series to form an electromagnetic coupling loop.
4. The multi-port DC circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the current limiting unit comprises a capacitive current limiting circuit or an inductive current limiting circuit, wherein,
the capacitive current limiting circuit is composed of a first resistor and a nonlinear capacitor which are connected in parallel;
the inductive current limiting circuit comprises: the second capacitor, the second thyristor and the inductor are connected in series and then connected with the second switch circuit in parallel.
5. The multi-port dc circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that said breaking unit is constituted by a plurality of third switching circuits connected in series, said third switching circuits comprising: a controllable switch tube, a second diode, a third capacitor, a second resistor and a third resistor, wherein,
the second diode is connected with the third capacitor in series and then connected with the controllable switch tube in parallel, the second diode is connected with the second resistor in parallel, and the third capacitor is connected with the third resistor in parallel.
6. An application method of a multi-port direct current circuit breaker, which is based on the multi-port direct current circuit breaker of any one of claims 1 to 5, and comprises the following steps:
initializing the multi-port circuit breaker to an initialization state, the initialization state comprising: each first rectifying unit, each second rectifying unit and each through-flow unit are unlocked, and the electromagnetic coupling current conversion unit, the current limiting unit and the cut-off unit are locked;
in the running process of the multi-port direct current circuit breaker, monitoring the running states of the first converter station and the line where each through-flow unit is located in real time, and judging whether the line where the first converter station and each through-flow unit are located runs normally or not;
when the outlet of the first converter station has a fault, the second rectifying unit transfers the system fault current to the energy absorption unit by controlling the running states of each through-flow unit, the electromagnetic coupling converter unit, the current limiting unit and the switching-off unit based on a first preset control method until the system fault current is absorbed by the energy absorption unit to be zero-crossed;
when the outlet of the first converter station normally operates and the line where at least one through-flow unit is located has a ground fault, the first rectifying unit transfers the system fault current to the energy absorption unit by controlling the operation states of the through-flow unit, the electromagnetic coupling converter unit, the current limiting unit and the switching-off unit of the ground fault line based on the second preset control method until the system fault current is absorbed by the energy absorption unit to be zero-crossed.
7. The method of application of a multiport dc circuit breaker according to claim 6, characterized in that said first preset control method comprises:
unlocking all third switch circuits and current limiting units of the switching-on and switching-off unit, locking all through-flow units, and unlocking the first switch circuit of the electromagnetic coupling unit when contacts of mechanical switches of all through-flow units are separated;
and judging whether the mechanical switches of all the through-flow units are enough open-distance to withstand the transient breaking voltage or not, and locking the breaking units after the mechanical switches are enough open-distance to withstand the transient breaking voltage.
8. The method of application of a multiport dc circuit breaker according to claim 6, characterized in that said second preset control method comprises:
unlocking all third switch circuits and current limiting units of the switching-on and switching-off unit and locking the through-flow unit of the ground fault line, and unlocking the first switch circuit of the electromagnetic coupling unit when the contacts of the mechanical switch of the through-flow unit of the ground fault line are separated;
and judging whether a mechanical switch of a through-flow unit of the ground fault line is enough to withstand the transient breaking voltage at an open distance or not, and locking the breaking unit after the mechanical switch is enough to withstand the transient breaking voltage at the open distance.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the reclosing of the current unit of the ground fault line is performed using a third predetermined control method, the third predetermined control method comprising:
unlocking all third switch circuits of the switching-on and switching-off unit, and judging whether the ground fault still exists;
if the ground fault still exists, all third switch circuits of the switching-off unit are locked; and when the ground fault is cleared, the through-flow unit of the ground fault line is unlocked, and all third switch circuits of the switching-off unit are locked after the current of the switching-off unit crosses zero.
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