CN112838382B

CN112838382B - High-gain dual-mode OAM antenna

Info

Publication number: CN112838382B
Application number: CN202011619180.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李秀萍; 张家奇; 杨农军
Original assignee: Beijing Fuaoxing Electronic Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Fuaoxing Electronic Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-31
Filing date: 2020-12-31
Publication date: 2022-09-09
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-31
Also published as: CN112838382A

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-gain dual-mode OAM antenna, which solves the technical problems that the existing OAM antenna is difficult to integrate, has small gain and different maximum gains of different OAM modes and points, and is sequentially provided with a first dielectric substrate, a first grounding metal layer, a second dielectric substrate, a second grounding metal layer and a third dielectric substrate, wherein the top layer of the first dielectric substrate is provided with a first array antenna, a second array antenna and a first feed network which are uniformly and circularly distributed, and the output port of the first feed network is directly connected with the first array antenna; the second feed network is located on the bottom layer of the third layer of dielectric substrate and connected with the second array antenna through the metallized through holes. The invention can be widely applied to communication or radar detection, and can effectively improve the action range and the detection effect.

Description

High-gain dual-mode OAM antenna

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of OAM antennas, in particular to a high-gain dual-mode OAM antenna.

Background

Vortex electromagnetic waves have a new degree of freedom due to the fact that the vortex electromagnetic waves carry Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM), and different modes are orthogonal to each other, so that vortex electromagnetic waves of the same frequency but different modes can be simultaneously propagated without interfering with each other. Under the same spectrum resource, the electromagnetic wave with vortex characteristics can carry more information. The method can improve the spectrum efficiency and the communication capacity in the communication field, and can improve the resolution of the radar in the radar imaging field.

There are various ways of generating vortex electromagnetic waves, which can be divided into two categories, namely a spiral reflecting surface and an antenna array. The antenna units are uniformly arranged on the circumference, and the feed structure is adjusted to ensure that phases reaching the antenna units are distributed according to a certain rule, so that vortex electromagnetic waves can be generated. The traditional OAM antenna of the array is often in a three-dimensional structure, is difficult to integrate, and is difficult to realize the miniaturization of a system. Because the OAM beam has a hollow and divergent characteristic, the gain of the OAM antenna is generally small, thus limiting the propagation distance of the OAM beam. In addition, if the maximum gain directions of different OAM modes are different, the communication quality or the detection effect of the radar is also affected.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a high-gain dual-mode OAM antenna which is good in integration, high in gain and same in maximum gain direction of different OAM modes, and aims to solve the technical problems that an existing OAM antenna is not easy to integrate, small in gain and different in maximum gain direction of different OAM modes.

The invention provides a high-gain dual-mode OAM antenna which is sequentially provided with a first dielectric substrate, a first grounding metal layer, a second dielectric substrate, a second grounding metal layer and a third dielectric substrate, wherein the top layer of the first dielectric substrate is provided with a first array antenna, a second array antenna and a first feed network, and an output port of the first feed network is directly connected with the first array antenna; the second feed network is positioned at the bottom layer of the third layer of dielectric substrate and connected with the second array antenna through the metalized through hole.

Preferably, the second array antennas are distributed at the periphery of the first array antennas.

Preferably, the first array antenna is provided with 8 microstrip antenna units which are uniformly distributed in a circular shape, and the second array antenna is provided with 12 microstrip antenna units which are uniformly distributed in a circular shape.

Preferably, the first ground metal layer is a reflective ground of the first array antenna, the first feed network and the second array antenna.

Preferably, the second ground metal layer is a reflective ground of the second feeding network.

Preferably, the OAM modes of the first array antenna and the second array antenna are different, and the directivity of the maximum gain of the directional pattern is the same.

The beneficial effects of the invention are: the planar rectangular microstrip antenna structure is adopted, and the antenna adopts a plurality of rectangular microstrip antennas which are circularly distributed to form a circular array, so that the system integration is facilitated, and the requirement of equipment miniaturization is met; secondly, the high-gain characteristic is achieved, the maximum gain angle directions of different OAM modes are the same, and the action range and the detection effect can be effectively improved when the high-gain OAM mode-based radar detection method is applied to communication or radar detection.

Drawings

FIG. 1a is a schematic view of the internal structure of the present invention;

FIG. 1b is a schematic diagram of the array antenna arrangement of the present invention;

fig. 2a is a schematic diagram of a first feed network of the OAM antenna;

fig. 2b is a schematic diagram of a second feed network of the OAM antenna;

fig. 3 is a modal phase diagram of an OAM antenna;

fig. 4 is a cross-sectional gain diagram of the OAM antenna.

The symbols in the drawings illustrate that:

1. a first uniform circular array; 2. a first feed network; 3. a second uniform circular array; 4. a second feed network; 5. metallizing the via hole; 6. a first ground metal layer; 7. a second ground metal layer; 8. a first dielectric substrate; 9. a second layer of dielectric substrate; 10. and a third dielectric substrate.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples so that those skilled in the art can easily practice the present invention.

Example (b): as shown in fig. 1a-1b, which are schematic diagrams of the internal structure and the array antenna structure of the present invention, the present invention adopts a four-layer circuit board structure, which includes two groups of array antennas distributed uniformly and circularly, two grounding metal layers, and two corresponding feed networks, and each layer of circuit board is isolated by a dielectric substrate.

In this embodiment, the first uniform circular array 1 is composed of 8 microstrip antenna units, and is located on the top layer of the circuit board, and the output port of the feeding network is directly connected to the microstrip antenna units. The second uniform circular array 3 consists of 12 microstrip antenna units, is also positioned on the top layer of the four-layer circuit board and is distributed on the periphery of the first uniform circular array 1; the second uniform circular array 3 feed network is positioned at the bottom layer of the four-layer circuit board, and the output port is connected with the microstrip antenna unit through a metallized through hole 5.

The first ground metal layer 6 is located at the bottom layer of the first layer of dielectric substrate 8 and serves as a reflective ground of the first uniform circular array 1, the first feed network 2 and the second uniform circular array 3. The second grounding metal layer 7 is positioned on the top layer of the third layer of dielectric substrate 10 and is used as the reflective ground of the second feed network 4; the second dielectric substrate 9 is located between the first ground metal layer 6 and the second ground metal layer 7, and separates the two ground metal layers. The second feed network 4 is located at the bottom layer of the third layer of dielectric substrate 10 and connected with the second uniform circular array 3 through the metalized via holes 5.

As shown in fig. 2a-2b, which are schematic diagrams of a first feed network 2 and a second feed network 4, respectively, according to the present invention. The first feeding network 2 comprises 1 input Port a0 and 8 output ports a1-a 8; the second feeding network 4 comprises 1 input Port b0 and 12 output ports Port b1-b 12.

The electromagnetic wave phase distribution of the output port of the feed network can be changed by changing the length of the phase adjusting branch in the feed network. In this embodiment, the power of the electromagnetic wave signals output by the output ports of the feeding network is the same, and the phase distribution is different. For the first feeding network 2, the phases of the output ports Port 1-a8 are 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, 270 °, 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, and 270 °, respectively, and two phase cycles are included, so that the first uniform circular array 1 can generate an OAM beam in a mode of l ═ 2; for the second feeding network 4, the phases of the output ports Port 1-b12 are 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, 270 °, 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, and 270 °, respectively, and three phase cycles are included, so that the second uniform circular array 3 generates an OAM beam in a mode of l ═ 3.

Fig. 3 is a modal phase diagram of the OAM antenna of the present invention, the left diagram is a phase distribution diagram of the first uniform circular array 1, it can be seen from the diagram that within one circle, the phase change thereof includes 2 cycles, and the phase is rotated clockwise along the electromagnetic wave propagation direction, thus being an OAM electromagnetic wave of +2 modes; the right diagram is a phase distribution diagram of the second uniform circular array 3, and it can be seen from the diagram that within one circle, the phase change thereof includes 3 cycles, and the phase is rotated clockwise along the electromagnetic wave propagation direction, so that the OAM electromagnetic wave of +3 mode is.

As shown in fig. 4, the gain diagram of the first uniform circular array 1 and the second uniform circular array 3 in the XOZ cross section is shown, the abscissa is an angle, and the ordinate is the gain. As can be seen from the figure, the first uniform circular array 1 and the second uniform circular array 3 both have higher gains, which are respectively 6.8dBi and 8.0dBi, so that the communication or radar has a longer range; in addition, the maximum gain directions of the two groups of array antennas are basically the same, the energy distribution of electromagnetic waves in different modes is basically the same in an action range, and the communication quality or the detection effect is improved.

In specific practical applications, each part of the present invention can be modified according to requirements, so that the part meets the specific requirements of application environments, and the protection scope of the present invention is within the protection scope of the present invention.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and it is apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention. All modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like which come within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims should be understood as falling within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A high-gain dual-mode OAM antenna is sequentially provided with a first dielectric substrate, a first grounding metal layer, a second dielectric substrate, a second grounding metal layer and a third dielectric substrate, and is characterized in that a first array antenna, a second array antenna and a first feed network are arranged on the top layer of the first dielectric substrate, and an output port of the first feed network is directly connected with the first array antenna; the second feed network is positioned at the bottom layer of the third layer of dielectric substrate and connected with the second array antenna through the metalized through hole; the second array antennas are distributed at the periphery of the first array antennas; the first array antenna is provided with 8 rectangular microstrip antenna units which are uniformly distributed in a circular manner, and the second array antenna is provided with 12 rectangular microstrip antenna units which are uniformly distributed in a circular manner.

2. The high gain dual mode OAM antenna of claim 1, wherein the first ground metal layer is a reflective ground for the first array antenna, the first feed network, and the second array antenna.

3. The high-gain dual-mode OAM antenna of claim 1, wherein the second ground metal layer is a reflective ground of a second feed network.

4. The high gain dual mode OAM antenna of any of claims 1-3, wherein said first array antenna is a different OAM mode than said second array antenna, and wherein a directivity pattern of maximum gain is the same.