CN112737811A

CN112737811A - Method, device and system for acquiring forwarding parameters

Info

Publication number: CN112737811A
Application number: CN202010076922.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李振斌; 周天然; 刘敏
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-10-28
Filing date: 2020-01-23
Publication date: 2021-04-30

Abstract

The application provides a method, a device and a system for acquiring forwarding parameters, which are used in the field of communication. The method comprises the steps that first forwarding equipment receives a first data message sent by second forwarding equipment on a forwarding path, wherein the first data message comprises a forwarding parameter monitoring instruction, and the forwarding path is used for forwarding the first data message. And the first forwarding equipment acquires the forwarding parameters used when the first forwarding equipment forwards the first data message according to the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction. The first forwarding device sends the forwarding parameters to a telemetry analysis apparatus. The method and the device realize automatic acquisition and reporting of the forwarding parameters, and are beneficial to improving the efficiency of positioning the forwarding fault.

Description

Method, device and system for acquiring forwarding parameters

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, and a system for acquiring a forwarding parameter.

Background

Currently, in the process of forwarding a received data packet, a forwarding node may perform a forwarding operation on the data packet matched with a forwarding table entry according to the forwarding table entry configured by a network management device. Once a forwarding fault caused by a forwarding table entry occurs on a forwarding node, the forwarding fault can only be located by manually acquiring forwarding parameters included in the forwarding table entry one by one, which is inefficient.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a method, a device and a system for acquiring forwarding parameters, which can automatically acquire the forwarding parameters.

In a first aspect, a method for obtaining forwarding parameters is provided, where the method includes: the method comprises the steps that first forwarding equipment receives a first data message sent by second forwarding equipment on a forwarding path, wherein the first data message comprises a forwarding parameter monitoring instruction, and the forwarding path is used for forwarding the first data message; the first forwarding equipment acquires forwarding parameters used when the first forwarding equipment forwards the first data message according to the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction; the first forwarding device sends the forwarding parameters to a telemetry analysis apparatus.

In the method, the first forwarding device can acquire the forwarding parameters used for forwarding the first data message according to the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction carried by the first data message, and send the acquired forwarding parameters to the telemetering analysis device, so that the forwarding parameters are automatically acquired and reported, and the efficiency of positioning and forwarding faults is improved.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the method further includes: and the first forwarding equipment receives configuration information sent by a control device, wherein the configuration information is used for indicating the type of forwarding parameters which need to be acquired by the first forwarding equipment according to the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the obtaining, by the first forwarding device according to the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction, a forwarding parameter used when the first forwarding device forwards the first data packet includes: and the first forwarding equipment acquires the forwarding parameters according to the configuration information and the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction. Therefore, the first forwarding device can selectively acquire the forwarding parameters, such as the forwarding parameters which may cause forwarding faults, according to the configuration information and the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction, and the efficiency of positioning the forwarding faults is further improved under the condition of reducing the reported data volume.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the sending, by the first forwarding device, the forwarding parameter to a telemetry analysis apparatus includes: the first forwarding equipment generates a second data message according to the forwarding parameter and the first data message, wherein the second data message comprises the first data message and the forwarding parameter; and the first forwarding equipment sends the second data message to third forwarding equipment on the forwarding path so that the third forwarding equipment can send the forwarding parameters to the telemetry analysis device. Therefore, the first forwarding equipment sends the acquired forwarding parameters in a packet forwarding mode, network resources between the first forwarding equipment and the telemetering analysis device are saved, and the efficiency of reporting the forwarding parameters is improved.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the sending, by the first forwarding device, the forwarding parameter to a telemetry analysis apparatus includes: the first forwarding device sends a User Datagram Protocol (UDP) message to the telemetry analysis apparatus, where the UDP message includes the forwarding parameter. In this way, the first forwarding device directly sends the forwarding parameters to the telemetry analysis device, and does not need to occupy the bandwidth of the forwarding path, which is beneficial to relieving the congestion of the forwarding path.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the forwarding parameter includes: the first parameter set includes parameters used for forwarding table item matching in a header of the first data packet, and the second parameter set includes at least one of parameters in a forwarding table item, a location of the forwarding table item, and an identifier of the forwarding table item, which are matched with the parameters included in the first parameter set. Wherein, the forwarding table entry is a Forwarding Information Base (FIB) table entry, the first parameter set includes an Internet Protocol (IP) address of a destination, and the second parameter set includes at least one of a next hop address and an egress interface. If the forwarding table entry is an Access Control List (ACL), the first parameter set includes an IP address range or a network segment, where the IP address range or the network segment includes a source IP address of the first data packet, and the second parameter set includes a permission or a denial of the passage. Wherein the permission indicates permission to forward the first data packet. And refusing to pass the indication of refusing to forward the first data message.

In a second aspect, a method for obtaining forwarding parameters is provided, where the method includes: the second forwarding equipment acquires indication information sent by the control device, wherein the indication information is used for indicating the second forwarding equipment to add a forwarding parameter monitoring instruction in the first data message; the second forwarding equipment adds the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction to the first data message according to the indication information; and the second forwarding equipment sends the first data message added with the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction to first forwarding equipment on a forwarding path for forwarding the first data message.

In the method, as a first-hop node of a forwarding path for forwarding the first data packet, for example, the second forwarding device, a forwarding parameter monitoring instruction may be added to the second data packet sent by the user according to the indication information sent by the control device, so that the forwarding device on the forwarding path can automatically obtain the forwarding parameter. The indication information may include a stream identifier and a flag bit, where the flag bit is used to identify the forwarding-enabled parameter monitoring instruction. And the second forwarding equipment which acquires the indication information can determine that a forwarding parameter monitoring instruction is added in the first data message identified by the flow identifier according to the flow identifier and the flag bit. The flow identifier is used to identify the service flow to which the second data message belongs, and may be, for example, a tuple or a globally unique identifier for identifying the service flow.

In one possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the method further includes: the second forwarding equipment acquires type information sent by the control device, wherein the type information is used for indicating the type of forwarding parameters which need to be acquired by the second forwarding equipment according to the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction; the second forwarding equipment acquires the forwarding parameters according to the type information and the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction; the second forwarding device sends the forwarding parameters to a telemetry analysis apparatus. In this way, the second forwarding device serving as the first-hop node may also obtain the forwarding parameter used for forwarding the first data packet, so that the telemetry analysis apparatus can determine whether the second forwarding device has a forwarding fault according to the forwarding parameter of the second forwarding device.

In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the sending, by the second forwarding device, the forwarding parameter to a telemetry analysis apparatus includes: the second forwarding device sends a UDP message to the telemetry analysis apparatus, the message including the forwarding parameters.

In one possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the method further includes: the second forwarding equipment acquires type information sent by the control device, wherein the type information is used for indicating the type of forwarding parameters which need to be acquired by the second forwarding equipment according to the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction; the second forwarding equipment acquires the forwarding parameters according to the type information and the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction; and the second forwarding equipment adds the forwarding parameters to the first data message.

In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the forwarding parameter includes: the first parameter set includes parameters used for forwarding table item matching in a header of the first data packet, and the second parameter set includes at least one of parameters in a forwarding table item, a location of the forwarding table item, and an identifier of the forwarding table item, which are matched with the parameters included in the first parameter set.

In a third aspect, a device for obtaining forwarding parameters is provided, where the device is disposed in a first forwarding device and includes a module capable of implementing a function corresponding to the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.

In a fourth aspect, a device for obtaining forwarding parameters is provided, where the device is provided in a second forwarding device, and includes a module capable of implementing a function corresponding to any possible implementation manner of the second aspect or the second aspect.

In a fifth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which includes instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method for obtaining forwarding parameters according to the first aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect.

A sixth aspect provides a computer-readable storage medium, which includes instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method for obtaining forwarding parameters of the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.

In a seventh aspect, a computer program product containing instructions is provided, which when run on a computer causes the computer to perform the method for obtaining forwarding parameters according to the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect.

In an eighth aspect, a computer program product containing instructions is provided, which when run on a computer causes the computer to perform the method for obtaining forwarding parameters according to the second aspect or any of the possible implementations of the second aspect.

In a ninth aspect, an apparatus for obtaining forwarding parameters is provided, the apparatus comprising: a processor, a memory, a bus, and a communication interface; the memory is configured to store computer executable instructions, the processor is connected to the memory through the bus, and when the apparatus runs, the processor executes the computer executable instructions stored in the memory, so that the apparatus executes the method for acquiring forwarding parameters according to the first aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect. The apparatus provided by the ninth aspect may be disposed in the first forwarding device of the first aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect.

In a tenth aspect, an apparatus for obtaining forwarding parameters is provided, where the apparatus includes: a processor, a memory, a bus, and a communication interface; the memory is configured to store computer executable instructions, the processor is connected to the memory through the bus, and when the apparatus runs, the processor executes the computer executable instructions stored in the memory, so as to enable the apparatus to perform the method for acquiring forwarding parameters according to any one of the above-mentioned second aspect or any one of the above-mentioned possible implementation manners of the second aspect. Wherein, the apparatus provided by the tenth aspect may be the second forwarding device mentioned in the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.

In an eleventh aspect, a system for obtaining forwarding parameters is provided, where the system includes the apparatus provided in any possible implementation manner of the third aspect or the third aspect and the apparatus provided in any possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect or the fourth aspect, or the system includes the apparatus provided in the ninth aspect and the apparatus provided in the tenth aspect.

In a possible implementation manner of the twelfth aspect, the system further includes a control device, and the control device is configured to: sending indication information to second forwarding equipment, wherein the indication information is used for indicating the second forwarding equipment to add a forwarding parameter monitoring instruction in a second data message identified by the flow identifier; and sending configuration information to first forwarding equipment, wherein the configuration information is used for indicating the type of forwarding parameters which need to be acquired by the first forwarding equipment according to the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network scenario provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2(a) is a schematic flowchart of a method for obtaining a forwarding parameter according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2(b) is a schematic diagram of a format of a forwarding policy packet according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2(c) is a schematic diagram of a format of a Telemetry Instruction Header (TIH) and metadata (metadata) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of another network scenario provided in the embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic flowchart of another method for obtaining a forwarding parameter according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for acquiring a forwarding parameter according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another apparatus for acquiring forwarding parameters according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a schematic hardware structure diagram of an apparatus for obtaining forwarding parameters according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8 is a schematic hardware structure diagram of another apparatus for acquiring forwarding parameters according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 9 is a schematic hardware structure diagram of another apparatus for acquiring forwarding parameters according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network scenario provided in an embodiment of the present application. In the network scenario shown in fig. 1, a first forwarding device 101, a second forwarding device 102, and a third forwarding device 103 are located on a forwarding path for forwarding a user packet. The user message may be a data message included in a certain traffic flow from the user. The second forwarding device 102 is a first hop (first hop) on a forwarding path for forwarding the user packet. The first forwarding device 101 is the next hop on the forwarding path of the second forwarding device 102. The third forwarding device 103 is the next hop on the forwarding path for the first forwarding device 101. The third forwarding device 103 is the last hop of the forwarding path that needs to be monitored for forwarding parameters. The last hop device on the forwarding path that needs to be monitored for forwarding parameters, such as third forwarding device 103, may communicate with telemetry analysis apparatus 104. In an implementation manner, the forwarding path that needs to be monitored for the forwarding parameter may be a subset of the forwarding path used for forwarding the user packet, for example, the forwarding path used for forwarding the user packet further includes a fourth forwarding device (not shown in fig. 1), where the fourth forwarding device is a next hop of the third forwarding device 103 on the forwarding path used for forwarding the user packet. The first hop of the forwarding path that needs to be monitored for forwarding parameters is the first forwarding device 101. In another implementation, the forwarding path requiring the forwarding parameter monitoring completely coincides with the forwarding path used for forwarding the user packet, for example, the second forwarding device 102 is the first hop of the forwarding path requiring the forwarding parameter monitoring, and the third forwarding device 103 is the last hop of the forwarding path used for forwarding the user packet. The control device 100 can communicate with the first forwarding device 101, the second forwarding device 102, and the third forwarding device 103, and issue configuration information to the forwarding devices on the forwarding paths that need to be monitored for forwarding parameters. The forwarding device, such as the first forwarding device 101 or the third forwarding device 103, that receives the configuration information may determine the type of the forwarding parameter that needs to be obtained for forwarding the user packet according to the received configuration information. Telemetry analysis device 104 may receive a set of forwarding parameters from the last hop on the forwarding path for which forwarding parameter monitoring is desired. The forwarding parameter set includes forwarding parameters used by each forwarding skip device on the forwarding path that needs to be monitored for forwarding parameters when forwarding the user packet. The telemetry analysis device 104 may determine, according to the obtained forwarding parameters, a forwarding behavior of each hop of forwarding equipment on the forwarding path that needs to be monitored for forwarding parameters, which is helpful for determining forwarding faults. In one implementation, the telemetry analysis apparatus 104 and the control apparatus 100 may be disposed on the same physical entity device, and the telemetry analysis apparatus 104 and the control apparatus 100 are logical units on the physical entity device. In another implementation, telemetry analysis device 104 and control device 100 may be located on different physical entities. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the implementation manners of the telemetry analysis apparatus 104 and the control apparatus 100, that is, no matter what implementation manner is adopted, the implementation of the method provided by the embodiments of the present application is not affected.

In the scenario shown in fig. 1, the control device 100 may be a software-defined network (SDN) controller. A user may call an SDN controller used as the control device 100 through a User Interface (UI) interface provided by a network as a service (NaaS) to implement issuing of configuration information. Any forwarding device in the scenario shown in fig. 1 may be a router provided with a Network Processor (NP), a programmable hardware switch provided with an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a routing device provided with a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or a software switch, for example: the software switch may be fast data input output (fd.io).

Based on the scenario shown in fig. 1, the present application provides a method for obtaining forwarding parameters. Fig. 2(a) is a schematic flowchart of a method for obtaining a forwarding parameter according to an embodiment of the present application, where the method includes steps S201 to S209. A method for acquiring a forwarding parameter according to an embodiment of the present application will now be described with reference to fig. 1 and fig. 2 (a).

S201, the control apparatus 100 sends instruction information to the second forwarding device 102.

For example, the indication information is used to instruct the second forwarding device 102 to add a forwarding parameter monitoring instruction in the first data packet. The first data message is a message belonging to a specified service flow. The indication information may include a stream identification and a flag bit. The flow identifier is used to identify the service flow to which the first data packet belongs, and may be a multi-element group or an identifier for globally and uniquely identifying the service flow. The multi-element group may be a binary group, a quinary group, a heptad group, or a deca-progenitor, etc., which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. The flag bit is used for identifying the enabled forwarding parameter monitoring function. After determining that the forwarding parameter monitoring function is enabled according to the flag, the second forwarding device 102 may add a forwarding parameter monitoring instruction in the first data packet matching the flow identifier. The control device 100 may carry a Forwarding Policy (FP) message through a type-length-value (TLV) extended by a Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) message, an Interior Gateway message (IGP) message, or a Network Configuration Protocol (Network Configuration Protocol). The format of the FP packet can be seen in fig. 2 (b). In fig. 2(b), the FP packet includes an FP header and an FP dataset. Wherein, an information element (information element) included in the FP header is used to indicate that the indication information is carried. And the FP data set is used for carrying the indication information.

Optionally, if the second forwarding device 102 is a first hop of a forwarding path that needs to perform forwarding parameter monitoring, the control apparatus 101 may further send type information to the second forwarding device 102. The type information is used to indicate the type of the forwarding parameter that needs to be acquired by the second forwarding device 102 according to the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction. The type of forwarding parameter is used to indicate the forwarding action taken by the forwarding device. The types of forwarding parameters may include: FIB, ACL, Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS), Pseudowire (PW), or Segment Routing (SR). The embodiment of the present application does not limit the types of forwarding parameters. In the FP message shown in fig. 2(b), a further information element included in the FP header is used to indicate that the type information is carried. The FP data set is also used to carry the type information.

S202, the control apparatus 100 sends the first configuration information to the first forwarding device 101.

For example, the first configuration information is used to indicate the type of the forwarding parameter that needs to be acquired by the first forwarding device 101 according to the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction. The content of the type of forwarding parameters that the first forwarding device 101 needs to collect can be referred to as relevant content of S201. The first configuration information sent by the control device 100 may be the same as or different from the type information in S201, and this embodiment of the present application does not limit this. The control device 100 may also carry the first configuration information through a BGP message, an IGP message, or a Netconf message. The issuing manner of the first configuration information may refer to the issuing manner of the type information in S201.

S203, the control apparatus 100 sends the second configuration information to the third forwarding device 103.

For example, the second configuration information is used to indicate the type of the forwarding parameter that needs to be acquired by the third forwarding device 103 according to the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction. The content of the type of forwarding parameter that the third forwarding device 103 needs to collect can be referred to as the relevant content of S201. The second configuration information sent by the control device 100 may be the same as or different from the type information in S201, and this embodiment of the present application does not limit this. The control device 100 may also carry the second configuration information through a BGP message, an IGP message, or a Netconf message. The issuing manner of the second configuration information may refer to the issuing manner of the type information in S201.

And S204, the second forwarding device 102 adds the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction to the first data message according to the indication information.

For example, the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction is used to instruct the forwarding device that receives the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction to enable the forwarding parameter monitoring function. The forwarding parameter monitoring function is to obtain a forwarding parameter used for forwarding a certain data packet. Optionally, the second forwarding device 102 adds a Telemetry Instruction Header (TIH) and metadata to the first data packet. The TIH may be configured to carry the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction, for example, a data type bitmap included in the TIH may be configured to carry the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction. The metadata may be used to carry forwarding parameters obtained by the forwarding device.

S205, the second forwarding device 102 sends the first data packet to which the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction is added to the first forwarding device 101.

Optionally, if the second forwarding device 102 obtains the type information from the control apparatus 100, the second forwarding device 102 acquires the forwarding parameter according to the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction and the type information before sending the first data packet to the first forwarding device 101. The forwarding parameters collected by the second forwarding device 102 include: a first set of parameters and a second set of parameters. The first parameter set includes a parameter for performing forwarding table item matching in a header of the first data packet. The second parameter set includes at least one of a parameter in a forwarding table entry matching a parameter included in the first parameter set, a location of the forwarding table entry, and an identifier of the forwarding table entry. If the second forwarding device 102 determines that the type of the forwarding parameter is an FIB according to the type information, the forwarding table entry is an FIB table entry, and accordingly, the first parameter set includes an Internet Protocol (IP) address of a destination, and the second parameter set includes at least one of a next hop address and an egress interface. If the second forwarding device 102 determines that the type of the forwarding parameter is an ACL according to the type information, the forwarding table entry is an ACL table entry, the first parameter set includes an IP address range or a network segment, and the second parameter set includes permission or denial of passage. Wherein the IP address range or the network segment includes a source IP address of the first data packet. Allowing forwarding of the first data packet by the indication. And refusing to pass the indication of refusing to forward the first data message. If the second forwarding device 102 determines that the type of the forwarding parameter is MPLS according to the type information, the forwarding entry is an MPLS entry, and accordingly, the first parameter set includes an MPLS label allocated to the second forwarding device 102, and the second parameter set includes an MPLS label allocated to the first forwarding device 101 (next hop) and an egress interface of the second forwarding device 102. .

Optionally, the second parameter set may further include an index between entries. For example: if the second forwarding device 102 determines that the type of the forwarding parameter is an ACL according to the type information, the forwarding table entry is an ACL table entry, the first parameter set includes an IP address range or a network segment, and the second parameter set includes a permission and a first table entry index. The first entry index is for linking to a FIB entry, the first parameter set further comprises a destination IP address, and the second parameter set further comprises at least one of a next hop address and an egress interface. If the second forwarding device 102 determines that the type of the forwarding parameter is an ACL according to the type information, the forwarding table entry is an ACL table entry, the first parameter set includes an IP address range or a network segment, and the second parameter set includes a permission and a second table entry index. The first parameter set further includes the MPLS label assigned by the second forwarding device 102, and the second parameter set further includes the MPLS label assigned by the first forwarding device 101 (next hop) and the egress interface of the second forwarding device 102.

Accordingly, the second forwarding device 102 may add the obtained forwarding parameter to the single-hop metadata field in fig. 2(c), and send the first data packet to the first forwarding device 101 of the next hop.

In the scenario shown in fig. 2, the second forwarding device 102 may further include a Forwarding Performance Monitoring (FPM) agent (agent). The FPM agent included in the second forwarding device 102 may parse the received indication information to determine to enable the forwarding parameter monitoring function. Optionally, the FPM agent included in the second forwarding device 102 may determine the type of the forwarding parameter according to the type information. The FPM agent included in the second forwarding device 102 may trigger the forwarding component matching the type of the forwarding parameter to acquire the parameter used when the first data packet is forwarded, according to the type of the forwarding parameter and the forwarding component included in the second forwarding device 102. If the forwarding parameter is at the component level, the FPM agent may trigger the corresponding forwarding component to obtain the forwarding parameter, for example, the type of the forwarding parameter is ACL, and the FPM agent may trigger the photo frame to obtain one or more of the source IP address and the destination IP address carried by the packet header of the first data packet. If the forwarding parameters are module-level, the FPM agent may trigger the module included in the corresponding forwarding component to acquire the forwarding parameters, for example, the types of the forwarding parameters are ACL and FIB, the FPM agent may trigger the NP to search the ACL entry and the FIB entry according to one or more of the source IP address and the destination IP address acquired by the photo frame, and acquire the parameters included in the ACL entry and the FIB entry matched with one or more of the source IP address and the destination IP address. The FPM agent may classify the obtained parameters according to the meanings of the first parameter set and the second parameter set, so as to obtain the forwarding parameters used when the second forwarding device 102 forwards the first data packet.

S206, the first forwarding device 101 obtains a second data packet according to the first configuration information and the first data packet.

For example, the obtaining, by the first forwarding device 101, the second data message according to the first configuration information and the first data message includes: a first forwarding device 101 receives a first data message sent by a second forwarding device 102, where the first data message includes a forwarding parameter monitoring instruction; the first forwarding device 101 obtains a forwarding parameter used when the first forwarding device 101 forwards the first data packet according to the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction and the first configuration information; the first forwarding device 101 adds the obtained forwarding parameter to the first data packet, and obtains the second data packet. Wherein the first forwarding device 101 may add the forwarding parameter obtained by the first forwarding device to the single-hop metadata field in fig. 2(c) to obtain the second data message.

In the scenario illustrated in fig. 2, the first forwarding device 101 may comprise an FPM proxy. The FPM agent included in the first forwarding device 101 may parse the received first configuration information, and determine the type of the forwarding parameter that needs to be monitored. The FPM agent included in the first forwarding device 101 may analyze the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction carried by the data type bitmap in fig. 2(c), so as to enable the forwarding parameter monitoring function. The FPM agent included in the first forwarding device 101 may trigger the forwarding component matching the type of the forwarding parameter to acquire the forwarding parameter used when forwarding the first data packet, according to the determined type of the forwarding parameter and the forwarding component included in the first forwarding device 101. The way for the FPM agent included in the first forwarding device 101 to obtain the forwarding parameter may refer to the way for the FPM agent included in the second forwarding device 102 to obtain the forwarding parameter.

S207, the first forwarding device 101 sends the second data packet to the third forwarding device 103.

S208, the third forwarding device 103 obtains a forwarding parameter set according to the second configuration information and the second data packet.

For example, the method for the third forwarding device 103 to obtain the forwarding parameter used when forwarding the second data message (forwarding the second data message is to forward the first data message) according to the second configuration information may refer to the method for the first forwarding device 101 to obtain the forwarding parameter used when forwarding the first data message. The third forwarding device 103 may use the forwarding parameter used by itself and the forwarding parameter obtained from the second data message as the forwarding parameter set. The third forwarding device 103 may obtain, from the single-hop metadata in fig. 2(c), a forwarding parameter used by the first forwarding device 101 to forward the first data packet. Optionally, the third forwarding device 103 may further obtain, from the single-hop metadata in fig. 2(c), a forwarding parameter used by the second forwarding device 102 to forward the first data packet.

In the scenario illustrated in fig. 2, the third forwarding device 103 may comprise an FPM proxy. The FPM agent included in the third forwarding device 103 may parse the received second configuration information, and determine the type of the forwarding parameter that needs to be monitored. The FPM agent included in the third forwarding device 103 may analyze the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction carried by the data type bitmap in fig. 2(c), so as to enable the forwarding parameter monitoring function. The FPM agent included in the third forwarding device 103 may trigger the forwarding component matching the type of the forwarding parameter to acquire the parameter used when the second data packet is forwarded, according to the determined type of the forwarding parameter and the forwarding component included in the third forwarding device 103. The way for the FPM agent included in the third forwarding device 103 to obtain the forwarding parameter may refer to the way for the FPM agent included in the first forwarding device 101 to obtain the forwarding parameter.

S209, the third forwarding device 103 sends the forwarding parameter set to the telemetry analysis apparatus 104.

For example, the third forwarding device 103 may carry the forwarding parameter set obtained in S208 in the FP data set of the FP packet shown in fig. 2(b) and send the FP data set to the telemetry analysis apparatus 104, so that the telemetry analysis apparatus 104 can obtain the forwarding parameter set.

In the method provided in this embodiment of the present application, a forwarding device on a forwarding path that needs to perform forwarding parameter monitoring, such as the first forwarding device 101 or the third forwarding device 103, may automatically acquire a forwarding parameter used when forwarding a certain data packet (first data packet), add the automatically acquired forwarding parameter to the data packet, and send the forwarding parameter to a forwarding device that reports the forwarding parameter, such as the third forwarding device 103, in a way along with the route, which is beneficial to improving the efficiency of forwarding fault analysis and positioning.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of another network scenario provided in the embodiment of the present application. The network scenario shown in fig. 3 differs from the scenario shown in fig. 1 in that any of the forwarding devices in the scenario shown in fig. 3 is capable of communicating with telemetry analysis apparatus 304. The functions of the first forwarding device 101, the second forwarding device 102, the third forwarding device 103 and the control device 100 in the network scenario shown in fig. 3 may be referred to in the related description of the network scenario shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating another method for obtaining a forwarding parameter according to an embodiment of the present application. Another method for acquiring forwarding parameters according to the embodiment of the present application will now be described with reference to fig. 3 and fig. 4.

S401, the control device 300 sends instruction information to the second forwarding apparatus 302.

S401 can refer to the corresponding contents of S201.

S402, the control apparatus 300 transmits the first configuration information to the first forwarding device 301.

S402 can be seen in correspondence with S202.

S403, the control device 300 sends the second configuration information to the third forwarding device 303.

S403 can refer to the corresponding content of S203.

S404, the second forwarding device 302 adds the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction to the first data packet according to the indication information.

S404 can refer to the corresponding contents of S204.

Optionally, the second forwarding device 302 may send, to the telemetry analysis apparatus 304, the forwarding parameter used by the second forwarding device 302 to forward the first data packet by using the method that the third forwarding device 103 sends the forwarding parameter set to the telemetry analysis apparatus 104 in S209.

S405, the second forwarding device 302 sends the first data packet to which the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction is added to the first forwarding device 301.

S405 can refer to the corresponding contents of S205. In this embodiment of the application, the second forwarding device 302 does not need to add the forwarding parameter used for forwarding the first data packet to the first data packet, but directly communicates with the telemetry analysis apparatus 304 to report the forwarding parameter.

S406, the first forwarding device 301 obtains the first forwarding parameter according to the first configuration information and the first data packet.

The first forwarding parameter includes a forwarding parameter used when the first forwarding device 301 forwards the first data packet, which is acquired according to the first configuration information and the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction included in the first data packet. The specific method may refer to a method in S206 for the first forwarding device 101 to obtain a forwarding parameter used by the first forwarding device to forward the first data packet.

S407, the first forwarding device 301 sends the first forwarding parameter to the telemetry analysis apparatus 304.

S407 may refer to a method in S209 in which the third forwarding device 103 sends a set of forwarding parameters to the telemetry analysis apparatus 104.

S408, the first forwarding device 301 sends the first data packet to the third forwarding device 303.

S408 may refer to a method in S207 by which the first forwarding device 101 sends the second data message to the third forwarding device 103.

S409, the third forwarding device 303 obtains a second forwarding parameter according to the second configuration information and the first data packet.

The second forwarding parameter includes a forwarding parameter used when the third forwarding device 303 forwards the first data packet, which is acquired according to the second configuration information and the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction included in the first data packet. The method can be seen in S208 that the third forwarding device 103 obtains the forwarding parameter used by the third forwarding device to forward the first data packet.

S410, the third forwarding device 303 sends the second forwarding parameter to the telemetry analysis apparatus 304.

S410 may refer to a method in S209 for the third forwarding device 103 to send a set of forwarding parameters to the telemetry analysis apparatus 104.

In the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the forwarding device on the forwarding path that needs to perform forwarding parameter monitoring, such as the first forwarding device 301 or the third forwarding device 303, may automatically acquire the forwarding parameter used when forwarding a certain data packet (the first data packet), and directly send the automatically acquired forwarding parameter to the telemetry analysis device 304, which is beneficial to improving the efficiency of forwarding fault analysis and positioning.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for obtaining forwarding parameters according to an embodiment of the present application. The apparatus 500 shown in fig. 5 can be disposed in the first forwarding device 101 in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 2 or the first forwarding device 301 in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 4. The apparatus 500 comprises: a receiving module 501, an obtaining module 502 and a sending module 503. The receiving module 501 is configured to receive a first data packet sent by a second forwarding device on a forwarding path, where the first data packet includes a forwarding parameter monitoring instruction, and the forwarding path is used to forward the first data packet. The obtaining module 502 is configured to obtain, according to the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction, a forwarding parameter used when the first forwarding device forwards the first data packet. The sending module 503 is configured to send the forwarding parameter to the telemetry analysis apparatus. The receiving module 501 is used to support the apparatus 500 to perform the actions performed by the first forwarding device 101 in S205 of fig. 2, or to support the apparatus 500 to perform the actions performed by the first forwarding device 301 in S405 of fig. 4. The obtaining module 502 is configured to support the apparatus 500 to perform the action performed by the first forwarding device 101 in S206 of fig. 2, or to support the apparatus 500 to perform the action performed by the first forwarding device 301 in S406 of fig. 4.

In an implementation manner, the receiving module 501 is further configured to receive configuration information sent by a control device, where the configuration information is used to indicate a type of a forwarding parameter that needs to be acquired by the first forwarding device according to the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction. Correspondingly, the obtaining module 502 is configured to obtain the forwarding parameter according to the configuration information and the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction received by the receiving module 501. The receiving module 501 is used to support the apparatus 500 to perform the actions performed by the first forwarding device 101 in S202 of fig. 2, or to support the apparatus 500 to perform the actions performed by the first forwarding device 301 in S402 of fig. 4.

In one implementation, the apparatus 500 further includes: a generating module 504. The generating module 504 is configured to generate a second data packet according to the forwarding parameter and the first data packet, where the second data packet includes the first data packet and the forwarding parameter. Accordingly, the sending module 503 is configured to send the second data message to a third forwarding device on the forwarding path, so that the third forwarding device sends the forwarding parameter to the telemetry analysis apparatus. The generating module 504 is used to enable the apparatus 500 to perform the actions performed by the first forwarding device 101 in S206 of fig. 2. The sending module 503 is used to support the apparatus 500 to perform the action performed by the first forwarding device 101 in S207 of fig. 2.

In one implementation, the sending module 503 is configured to send a user datagram protocol UDP message to the telemetry analysis device, where the UDP message includes the forwarding parameter. The sending module 503 is used to support the apparatus 500 to perform the actions performed by the first forwarding device 301 in S407 of fig. 4

For example, the forwarding parameters include: the first parameter set includes parameters used for forwarding table item matching in a header of the first data packet, and the second parameter set includes at least one of parameters in a forwarding table item, a location of the forwarding table item, and an identifier of the forwarding table item, which are matched with the parameters included in the first parameter set.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another apparatus for acquiring forwarding parameters according to an embodiment of the present application. The apparatus 600 shown in fig. 6 may be disposed in the second forwarding device 102 in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 2, or the second forwarding device 302 in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 4. The apparatus 600 comprises: an acquisition module 601, a generation module 602 and a sending module 603. The obtaining module 601 is configured to obtain indication information sent by the control device, where the indication information is used to indicate that the second forwarding device adds a forwarding parameter monitoring instruction in the first data packet. The generating module 602 is configured to add the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction to the first data packet according to the indication information, where the first data packet includes the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction. The sending module 603 is configured to send the first data packet to a first forwarding device on a forwarding path for forwarding the first data packet. The obtaining module 601 is configured to support the apparatus 600 to perform the actions performed by the second forwarding device 102 in S201 of fig. 2, or to support the apparatus 600 to perform the actions performed by the second forwarding device 302 in S401 of fig. 4. The generating module 602 is used to support the apparatus 600 to perform the actions performed by the second forwarding device 102 in S204 of fig. 2, or to support the apparatus 600 to perform the actions performed by the second forwarding device 302 in S404 of fig. 4. The sending module 603 is configured to support the apparatus 600 to perform the actions performed by the second forwarding device 102 in S205 of fig. 2, or to support the apparatus 600 to perform the actions performed by the second forwarding device 302 in S405 of fig. 4.

In an implementation manner, the obtaining module 601 is further configured to obtain type information sent by the control device, where the type information is used to indicate a type of a forwarding parameter that needs to be collected by the second forwarding device according to the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction; the obtaining module 601 is further configured to obtain the forwarding parameter according to the type information and the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction. The sending module 603 is further configured to send the forwarding parameter to a telemetry analysis apparatus.

In one implementation, the sending module 603 is further configured to send a UDP message to the telemetry analysis device, where the UDP message includes the forwarding parameter.

In an implementation manner, the obtaining module 601 is further configured to obtain type information sent by the control device, where the type information is used to indicate a type of a forwarding parameter that needs to be collected by the second forwarding device according to the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction; the obtaining module 601 is further configured to obtain the forwarding parameter according to the type information and the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction. The generating module 602 is further configured to add the forwarding parameter to the first data packet.

The embodiment of the application also provides a control device. The control device includes a transmitting unit. The sending unit is used for: sending indication information to second forwarding equipment, wherein the indication information is used for indicating the second forwarding equipment to add a forwarding parameter monitoring instruction in a second data message identified by the flow identifier; and sending configuration information to first forwarding equipment, wherein the configuration information is used for indicating the type of forwarding parameters which need to be acquired by the first forwarding equipment according to the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction.

Fig. 7 is a schematic hardware structure diagram of an apparatus for obtaining forwarding parameters according to an embodiment of the present application. The apparatus 700 provided by the corresponding embodiment of fig. 7 may be the apparatus 500 provided by the corresponding embodiment of fig. 5. The corresponding embodiment of fig. 7 provides a description of the apparatus 700 from a hardware configuration perspective. The embodiment corresponding to fig. 7 provides an apparatus 700 that can implement the functions of the first forwarding device 101 in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 2 or the functions of the first forwarding device 301 in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 4. The corresponding embodiment of fig. 7 provides an apparatus 700 that includes a processor 701, a memory 702, a communication bus 704, and a communication interface 703. The processor 701, the memory 702 and the communication interface 703 are connected by a communication bus 704. The memory 702 is used to store programs. The processor 701 executes the method executed by the first forwarding device 101 in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 2 or the method executed by the first forwarding device 301 in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 4 according to the executable instructions included in the program read from the memory 702. The processor 701 may communicate with a second forwarding device and a control apparatus via a communication interface 703.

Among other things, the communication interface 703 is used to support the apparatus 700 to execute the method executed by the first forwarding device 101 in S202, S205, and S207 of fig. 2, or to support the apparatus 700 to execute the method executed by the first forwarding device 301 in S402, S405, and S407 of fig. 4. The processor 701 is configured to support the apparatus 700 to execute the method performed by the first forwarding device 101 in S206 of fig. 2, or to support the apparatus 700 to execute the method performed by the first forwarding device 301 in S406 of fig. 4. The memory 702 is used for buffering first configuration information obtained from the control device, in addition to program code and data.

Fig. 8 is a schematic hardware structure diagram of an apparatus for obtaining forwarding parameters according to an embodiment of the present application. The apparatus 800 provided by the corresponding embodiment of fig. 8 may be the apparatus 600 provided by the corresponding embodiment of fig. 6. The corresponding embodiment of fig. 8 provides a description of the apparatus 800 from a hardware configuration perspective. The apparatus 800 provided in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 8 may implement the function of the second forwarding device 102 in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 2 or the function of the second forwarding device 302 in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 4. The corresponding embodiment of fig. 8 provides an apparatus 800 comprising a processor 801, a memory 802, a communication bus 804, and a communication interface 803. The processor 801, the memory 802 and the communication interface 803 are connected by a communication bus 804. The memory 802 is used to store programs. The processor 801 executes the method executed by the second forwarding device 102 in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 2 or the method executed by the second forwarding device 302 in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 4 according to the executable instructions included in the program read from the memory 802. The processor 801 may communicate with the first forwarding device and the control means via a communication interface 803.

Among other things, the communication interface 803 is used for supporting the apparatus 800 to execute the method executed by the second forwarding device 102 in S201 and S205 of fig. 2, or for supporting the apparatus 800 to execute the method executed by the second forwarding device 302 in S401 and S405 of fig. 4. The processor 801 is configured to support the apparatus 800 to execute the method executed by the second forwarding device 102 in S204 of fig. 2, or to support the apparatus 800 to execute the method executed by the second forwarding device 302 in S404 of fig. 4. The memory 802 is used for buffering indication information acquired from the control device, in addition to program codes and data.

Fig. 9 is a schematic hardware structure diagram of another apparatus for acquiring forwarding parameters according to an embodiment of the present application. The apparatus 900 shown in fig. 9 may be the apparatus 500 provided in the corresponding embodiment of fig. 5, or the apparatus 700 provided in the corresponding embodiment of fig. 7. As illustrated in fig. 9, the apparatus 900 comprises: main control board 910, interface board 930, switch board 920, and interface board 940. The main control board 910, the interface board 930, the interface board 940 and the switch board 920 are connected to the system backplane through the system bus to realize intercommunication. The main control board 910 is used to complete functions such as system management, device maintenance, and protocol processing. The switch board 920 is used to complete data exchange between interface boards (interface boards are also called line cards or service boards). The interface boards 930 and 940 are used to provide various service interfaces (e.g., POS interface, GE interface, ATM interface, etc.) and implement forwarding of data packets.

Interface board 930 may include a central processor 931, a forwarding entry memory 934, a physical interface card 933, and a network processor 932. The central processor 931 is used for controlling and managing the interface board and communicating with the central processor 911 on the main control board. The forwarding table entry store 934 is used to store forwarding table entries. Physical interface card 933 is used to complete the reception and transmission of traffic. The network processor 932 is configured to control, according to the forwarding table entry, the physical interface card 933 to receive and send traffic.

Specifically, the physical interface card 933 is configured to receive a first data packet sent by the second forwarding device; the first data message is sent to the third forwarding equipment; and/or for interacting information with the control device.

After receiving the first data message, the physical interface card 933 sends the first data message to the central processor 911 via the central processor 931, and the central processor 911 processes the first data message. The central processing unit 911 is configured to obtain a forwarding parameter used for forwarding the first data packet according to the configuration information and the first data packet sent by the control device. The central processor 931 is further configured to control the network processor 932 to obtain the forwarding table entry in the forwarding table entry storage 934, and the central processor 931 is further configured to control the network processor 932 to complete receiving and sending of traffic via the physical interface card 933.

It should be understood that the operations on the interface board 940 in the embodiment of the present invention are the same as the operations on the interface board 930, and therefore, for brevity, detailed descriptions are omitted.

In addition, it should be noted that there may be one or more main control boards, and when there are multiple main control boards, the main control board may include an active main control board and a standby main control board. The interface board may have one or more blocks, and the more interface boards are provided the stronger the data processing capability of the first forwarding device is. There may also be one or more physical interface cards on an interface board. The exchange network board may not have one or more blocks, and when there are more blocks, the load sharing redundancy backup can be realized together. Under the centralized forwarding architecture, the first forwarding device may not need the switching network board, and the interface board undertakes the processing function of the service data of the whole system. Under the distributed forwarding architecture, the first forwarding device may have at least one switching network board, and data exchange between a plurality of interface boards is realized through the switching network board, so as to provide large-capacity data exchange and processing capability. Therefore, the data access and processing capabilities of the first forwarding device in the distributed architecture are greater than those of the centralized architecture. Which architecture is specifically adopted depends on the specific networking deployment scenario, and is not limited herein.

An embodiment of the present application further provides a system for acquiring a forwarding parameter, where the system includes the apparatus for acquiring a forwarding parameter provided in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 5, fig. 7, or fig. 9, and the apparatus for acquiring a forwarding parameter provided in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 6 or fig. 8. The functions of the devices included in the system can be referred to the above corresponding contents, and are not described herein again.

The general-purpose processor referred to in the embodiments of the application may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention may be directly implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in a processor. When implemented in software, the code implementing the above described functionality may be stored on a computer readable medium. Computer readable media includes computer storage media. A storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a computer. Taking this as an example but not limiting: the computer-readable medium may be a random-access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer. The computer readable medium may be a Compact Disc (CD), a laser disc, a Digital Video Disc (DVD), a floppy disc or a blu-ray disc.

The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.

Claims

1. A method for obtaining forwarding parameters, comprising:

the method comprises the steps that first forwarding equipment receives a first data message sent by second forwarding equipment on a forwarding path, wherein the first data message comprises a forwarding parameter monitoring instruction, and the forwarding path is used for forwarding the first data message;

the first forwarding equipment acquires forwarding parameters used when the first forwarding equipment forwards the first data message according to the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction;

the first forwarding device sends the forwarding parameters to a telemetry analysis apparatus.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

and the first forwarding equipment receives configuration information sent by a control device, wherein the configuration information is used for indicating the type of forwarding parameters which need to be acquired by the first forwarding equipment according to the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the obtaining, by the first forwarding device, the forwarding parameter used when the first forwarding device forwards the first data packet according to the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction includes:

and the first forwarding equipment acquires the forwarding parameters according to the configuration information and the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction.

4. The method of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first forwarding device sending the forwarding parameters to a telemetry analysis apparatus comprises:

the first forwarding equipment generates a second data message according to the forwarding parameter and the first data message, wherein the second data message comprises the first data message and the forwarding parameter;

and the first forwarding equipment sends the second data message to third forwarding equipment on the forwarding path so that the third forwarding equipment can send the forwarding parameters to the telemetry analysis device.

5. The method of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first forwarding device sending the forwarding parameters to a telemetry analysis apparatus comprises:

the first forwarding device sends a user datagram protocol, UDP, message to the telemetry analysis apparatus, the UDP message including the forwarding parameters.

6. The method according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the forwarding parameters comprise: the first parameter set includes parameters used for forwarding table item matching in a header of the first data packet, and the second parameter set includes at least one of parameters in a forwarding table item, a location of the forwarding table item, and an identifier of the forwarding table item, which are matched with the parameters included in the first parameter set.

7. A method for obtaining forwarding parameters, the method comprising:

the second forwarding equipment acquires indication information sent by the control device, wherein the indication information is used for indicating the second forwarding equipment to add a forwarding parameter monitoring instruction in the first data message;

the second forwarding equipment adds the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction to the first data message according to the indication information;

and the second forwarding equipment sends the first data message added with the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction to first forwarding equipment on a forwarding path for forwarding the first data message.

8. The method of claim 7, further comprising:

the second forwarding equipment acquires type information sent by the control device, wherein the type information is used for indicating the type of forwarding parameters which need to be acquired by the second forwarding equipment according to the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction;

the second forwarding equipment acquires the forwarding parameters according to the type information and the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction;

the second forwarding device sends the forwarding parameters to a telemetry analysis apparatus.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the second forwarding device sending the forwarding parameters to a telemetry analysis apparatus comprises:

the second forwarding device sends a user datagram protocol, UDP, message to the telemetry analysis apparatus, the UDP message including the forwarding parameters.

10. The method of claim 7, further comprising:

and the second forwarding equipment adds the forwarding parameters to the first data message.

11. The method according to claims 8 to 10, wherein the forwarding parameters comprise: the first parameter set includes parameters used for forwarding table item matching in a header of the first data packet, and the second parameter set includes at least one of parameters in a forwarding table item, a location of the forwarding table item, and an identifier of the forwarding table item, which are matched with the parameters included in the first parameter set.

12. An apparatus for obtaining forwarding parameters, wherein the apparatus is disposed in a first forwarding device, and comprises:

the receiving module is used for receiving a first data message sent by second forwarding equipment on a forwarding path, wherein the first data message comprises a forwarding parameter monitoring instruction, and the forwarding path is used for forwarding the first data message;

an obtaining module, configured to obtain, according to the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction, a forwarding parameter used when the first forwarding device forwards the first data packet;

and the sending module is used for sending the forwarding parameters to a telemetry analysis device.

13. The apparatus of claim 12,

the receiving module is further configured to receive configuration information sent by the control device, where the configuration information is used to indicate a type of forwarding parameter that needs to be acquired by the first forwarding device according to the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction.

14. The apparatus of claim 13,

the obtaining module is used for obtaining the forwarding parameter according to the configuration information and the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction received by the receiving module.

15. The apparatus according to any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein the apparatus further comprises a generating module;

the generation module is used for generating a second data message according to the forwarding parameter and the first data message, wherein the second data message comprises the first data message and the forwarding parameter;

the sending module is configured to send the second data message to a third forwarding device on the forwarding path, so that the third forwarding device sends the forwarding parameter to the telemetry analysis apparatus.

16. The apparatus according to any one of claims 13 to 14,

the sending module is configured to send a User Datagram Protocol (UDP) message to the telemetry analysis device, where the UDP message includes the forwarding parameter.

17. The apparatus according to any of claims 12 to 16, wherein the forwarding parameters comprise: the first parameter set includes parameters used for forwarding table item matching in a header of the first data packet, and the second parameter set includes at least one of parameters in a forwarding table item, a location of the forwarding table item, and an identifier of the forwarding table item, which are matched with the parameters included in the first parameter set.

18. An apparatus for obtaining forwarding parameters, wherein the apparatus is disposed in a second forwarding device, and comprises:

an obtaining module, configured to obtain indication information sent by a control device, where the indication information is used to indicate that the second forwarding device adds a forwarding parameter monitoring instruction in a first data packet;

a generating module, configured to add the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction to the first data packet according to the indication information, where the first data packet includes the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction;

and the sending module is used for sending the first data message to first forwarding equipment on a forwarding path for forwarding the first data message.

19. The apparatus of claim 18,

the obtaining module is further configured to obtain type information sent by the control device, where the type information is used to indicate a type of forwarding parameter that the second forwarding device needs to acquire according to the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction;

the obtaining module is further configured to obtain the forwarding parameter according to the type information and the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction;

the sending module is further configured to send the forwarding parameter to a telemetry analysis device.

20. The apparatus of claim 18,

21. The apparatus of claim 18,

the generation module is further configured to add the forwarding parameter to the first data packet.

22. The apparatus according to claims 18 to 21, wherein the forwarding parameters comprise: the first parameter set includes parameters used for forwarding table item matching in a header of the first data packet, and the second parameter set includes at least one of parameters in a forwarding table item, a location of the forwarding table item, and an identifier of the forwarding table item, which are matched with the parameters included in the first parameter set.

23. A system for obtaining forwarding parameters, the system comprising: apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 12 to 17 and apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 18 to 22.

24. The system of claim 23, further comprising a control device configured to:

sending indication information to second forwarding equipment, wherein the indication information is used for indicating the second forwarding equipment to add a forwarding parameter monitoring instruction in a second data message identified by the flow identifier;

and sending configuration information to first forwarding equipment, wherein the configuration information is used for indicating the type of forwarding parameters which need to be acquired by the first forwarding equipment according to the forwarding parameter monitoring instruction.

25. A computer-readable medium comprising instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any of claims 1 to 11.