CN112676729B - Installation process and auxiliary device for roof of railway vehicle - Google Patents
Installation process and auxiliary device for roof of railway vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN112676729B CN112676729B CN202110022839.5A CN202110022839A CN112676729B CN 112676729 B CN112676729 B CN 112676729B CN 202110022839 A CN202110022839 A CN 202110022839A CN 112676729 B CN112676729 B CN 112676729B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mounting process and an auxiliary device of a railway vehicle roof, wherein the mounting process of the railway vehicle roof comprises the following steps of S1, mounting a top cover, and welding a top cover side beam and a side wall; and S2, installing a cover plate, covering the cover plate and welding the cover plate outside the top cover edge beam. According to the invention, the cover plate is installed after the roof top cover and the side wall are installed and connected, so that the cover plate can completely cover the deformation part of the roof side beam caused by internal stress, and the appearance quality of the railway vehicle is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of rail vehicle manufacturing, and particularly relates to a mounting process and an auxiliary device for a roof of a rail vehicle.
Background
The main body structure of the rail vehicle body is generally made of aluminum alloy, and has the advantages of light weight, corrosion resistance, easiness in processing, high strength and the like. However, in the conventional welding of aluminum alloy, the temperature is high, and the section bar is subjected to shrinkage deformation in the section direction. In the process of welding the roof and the side wall, a front-mounted process of a vehicle body decorative cover plate is adopted in the industry, namely, after the vehicle body cover plate and the top cover are welded into a whole, the vehicle body cover plate and the top cover are integrally mounted into a vehicle body steel structure, specifically, the vehicle roof is integrally formed by welding the vehicle body cover plate and the top cover, and when the vehicle roof is mounted into a vehicle body, the vehicle roof needs to be tightly attached to the side wall in a forced pulling and leaning mode. Because of the requirement of vehicle body deflection, the side wall is in a state that the middle part is upwards arched, and the cover plate is in a straight structure, and the cover plate is attached to the side wall to generate internal stress, generate wave deformation and seriously influence the appearance quality.
The Chinese patent with the application number of CN201711307934.X discloses an aerial rail train body welding tool and a welding method thereof, wherein the aerial rail train body welding tool comprises a basic tool, a cross beam, a side beam clamping device, a side beam type block and an auxiliary stay bar for assembling a train body; the cross beam spans the foundation tool, the edge beam clamping devices are positioned at two ends of the cross beam, and the edge beam type blocks are connected with the edge beam clamping devices; the foundation tool comprises a longitudinal I-beam, a transverse I-beam, a bottom plate, an adjusting bolt, a support rod assembly and a longitudinal reinforcing rib; the boundary beam clamping device comprises a cantilever mechanism, a stand column structure and a base, wherein the stand column structure is vertically erected on the base, and the cantilever mechanism is connected with the stand column structure.
According to the welding method of the train in the scheme, the roof and the side wall are directly welded, so that internal stress is generated after the cover plate and the side wall are attached, wave deformation occurs, and the appearance of the train is further influenced.
The present invention has been made in view of the above technical drawbacks.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an installation process of a railway vehicle roof, which can ensure the appearance effect of the roof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the mounting process of the roof of the railway vehicle comprises the following steps
S1, installing a top cover, and welding the side beam of the top cover with the side wall;
and S2, installing a cover plate, covering the cover plate and welding the cover plate outside the top cover edge beam.
By adopting the scheme, the cover plate is installed after the top cover and the side wall are welded, so that the cover plate can completely cover the deformation part of the top cover side beam due to internal stress, the whole process of welding the cover plate cover on the outer part of the top cover side beam cannot generate internal stress deformation, and the appearance quality of the rail vehicle is ensured.
Further, step S0 is performed before step S1, in which the roof is placed on the side wall of the vehicle body, and the position of the roof is adjusted so that the roof side rail is matched and attached to the side wall.
By adopting the scheme, the top cover and the side wall are prevented from being dislocated, and the top cover and the side wall are perfectly combined.
Further, the step S2 of installing the cover plate includes
S21, mounting an auxiliary device, namely fixing the auxiliary device for assisting in mounting a cover plate in a beam area above each doorway on the side wall;
s22, hoisting the cover plate, slowly placing the cover plate on the positioning surface of the auxiliary device, and positioning the cover plate;
and S23, welding a cover plate, wherein the upper end and the lower end of the cover plate are respectively welded with the top cover side beam and the side wall and are coated outside the top cover side beam to completely cover the top cover side beam.
At the in-process of installation cover plate, use the supplementary installation cover plate of auxiliary device, can play the effect that supports the cover plate on the one hand, on the other hand can fix a position the cover plate, guarantees the installation effect of cover plate, in addition, places the cover plate and welds the cover plate again after on the locating surface for the cover plate is connected with the side wall under free state, and whole installation can not produce the internal stress deformation, has guaranteed the appearance quality of cover plate. Moreover, the cover plate is a large part with the length of 20 meters, large-scale technological equipment is replaced by the auxiliary effect of the auxiliary device, the cover plate can be quickly positioned and installed, the installation process is simplified, the production cost is saved, and the installation speed is increased.
Further, step S210, adjusting the auxiliary devices so that the positioning surfaces of all the auxiliary devices for positioning the hood plate are located on the same plane, is performed before step S22.
Through adopting above-mentioned scheme, can guarantee the roughness of cover plate and the matching degree of cover plate and top cap boundary beam, prevent that the position of cover plate from taking place the skew and can't cover the wave deformation portion of top cap boundary beam completely, further guaranteed rail vehicle's appearance quality.
Further, the step S22 is to hoist the cover plate by using an overhead traveling crane and a hanging strip on the positioning surface of the auxiliary device.
Further, the step S23 of welding the cover plate, the side wall and the cover plate in a welding and fixing manner includes friction stir welding, mig welding, non-mig welding, laser-mig hybrid welding, electron beam welding and arc welding.
Further, the step S23 is followed by the step S24 of standing, and removing the auxiliary device after the weld is cooled and the stress is eliminated.
Through adopting above-mentioned scheme, auxiliary device can play whole effect of fixing a position to the cover plate, guarantees the installation effect of cover plate. In addition, the auxiliary device is removed after the welding line is cooled, the personal safety of workers can be guaranteed, and the workers are prevented from being injured by high temperature generated by welding.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an auxiliary device for auxiliary mounting of the above mentioned cover plate, comprising
The fixing part is used for being detachably connected with the side wall;
and the positioning part is connected with the fixing part and used for supporting and positioning the cover plate.
Further, the fixing portion includes a fixing portion,
the connecting arm is of a U-shaped structure, and the opening is buckled in a cross beam area above the door body of the side wall;
and the compressing rod is movably inserted into one end of the connecting arm and is used for compressing the cross beam region buckled in the connecting arm so that the connecting arm and the side wall are relatively fixed.
Furthermore, the positioning part is a bending plate and is connected with the other end of the connecting arm, one end of the positioning part extends into the opening of the connecting arm, the other end of the positioning part is located above the connecting arm, and the bending part forms a positioning surface.
After the technical scheme is adopted, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects.
1. After the top cover and the side wall are welded, the cover plate is installed, so that the cover plate can completely cover the deformation part of the top cover side beam caused by internal stress, and the appearance quality of the rail vehicle is ensured.
2. The auxiliary device is used for supporting and positioning the cover plate in the process of installing the cover plate, the accuracy of the installation position is guaranteed, and the installation effect of the cover plate is guaranteed.
3. The cover plate is welded after being placed on the positioning surface, so that the cover plate is connected with the side wall in a free state, the whole installation process cannot generate internal stress deformation, and the appearance quality of the cover plate is ensured.
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention to the right. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the installation process of the roof of the railway vehicle of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a process for installing a roof of a rail vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of an exploded structure of the roof of the rail vehicle;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the installation structure of the auxiliary device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the portion A of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the auxiliary device of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of another aspect of the auxiliary device of the present invention;
fig. 8 is an exploded view of the auxiliary device of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a vehicle roof; 101. a top cover; 1011. a roof side rail; 102. a cover plate; 2. a side wall; 3. an auxiliary device; 31. a fixed part; 311. a connecting arm; 3111. a first connection hole; 3112. a second connection hole; 312. a hold down bar; 3121. a compression surface; 3122. rotating the handle; 32. a positioning part; 321. positioning the surface; 322. a clamping part; 33. a connecting assembly; 331. a connecting seat; 3311. a third connection hole; 332. a bolt; 34. and (5) reinforcing ribs.
It should be noted that the drawings and the description are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concept in any way, but rather to illustrate it for those skilled in the art by reference to specific embodiments.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and the following embodiments are used for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being fixed or detachable or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
As shown in FIG. 1, the installation process of the roof of the railway vehicle comprises the following steps
S1, installing a top cover, and welding the side beam of the top cover with the side wall;
and S2, installing a cover plate, covering the cover plate and welding the cover plate outside the top cover edge beam.
According to the mounting process of the roof of the railway vehicle, the roof is mounted and disassembled into the steps of mounting the top cover and mounting the cover plate, the cover plate can well cover the wave deformation part caused by the internal stress generated after the top cover side beam of the top cover is attached to the side wall, the appearance quality of the roof is improved, and further the appearance quality of the body of the railway vehicle is improved.
As shown in fig. 2, step S0 is performed before step S1, in which the top cover is placed on the side wall of the vehicle body, and the position of the top cover is adjusted to make the top cover side beam match and attach to the side wall. The top cover side beam and the side wall are matched and attached, namely, the top cover is lapped with the side wall, so that the side wall of the rail vehicle and the top cover side beam are positioned on a curved surface.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the step S2 of installing a cover plate includes
S21, mounting an auxiliary device, namely fixing the auxiliary device for assisting in mounting a cover plate in a beam area above each doorway on the side wall;
s22, hoisting the cover plate, slowly placing the cover plate on the positioning surface of the auxiliary device, and positioning the cover plate;
and S23, welding a cover plate, wherein the upper end and the lower end of the cover plate are respectively welded with the top cover side beam and the side wall and are coated outside the top cover side beam to completely cover the top cover side beam.
Through adopting above-mentioned scheme, at the in-process of installation cover plate, use the supplementary installation cover plate of auxiliary device, can play the effect that supports the cover plate on the one hand, on the other hand can fix a position the cover plate, guarantees the installation effect of cover plate, in addition, places the cover plate and welds the cover plate again after on the locating surface for the cover plate is connected with the side wall under free state, and whole installation can not produce the internal stress deformation, has guaranteed the appearance quality of cover plate. Moreover, the cover plate is a large part with the length of 20 meters, large-scale technological equipment is replaced by the auxiliary effect of the auxiliary device, the cover plate can be quickly positioned and installed, the installation process is simplified, the production cost is saved, and the installation speed is increased.
Further, step S210, adjusting the auxiliary devices so that the positioning surfaces of all the auxiliary devices for positioning the hood plate are located on the same plane, is performed before step S22.
Through adopting above-mentioned scheme, can guarantee the roughness of cover plate and the matching degree of cover plate and top cap boundary beam, prevent that the position of cover plate from taking place the skew and can't cover the wave deformation portion of top cap boundary beam completely, further guaranteed rail vehicle's appearance quality.
And S22, hoisting the cover plate in a mode that the cover plate is hoisted on the positioning surface of the auxiliary device by using a crown block and a hanging strip. The method comprises the specific steps that two crown blocks are used, two sling bags are hung at the position one fourth away from the two ends of the cover plate, and then the cover plate slowly falls into a positioning surface of the auxiliary device.
And S23, welding the cover plate, wherein the welding and fixing connection mode of the side wall and the cover plate comprises friction stir welding, consumable inert gas shielded welding, non-consumable inert gas shielded welding, laser-consumable inert gas shielded composite welding, electron beam welding and arc welding.
Step S24 is carried out, standing is carried out, and the auxiliary device is dismantled after the welding seam is cooled and the stress is relieved after the step S23.
Through adopting above-mentioned scheme, auxiliary device can play whole effect of fixing a position to the cover plate, guarantees the installation effect of cover plate. In addition, the auxiliary device is removed after the welding line is cooled, the personal safety of workers can be guaranteed, and the workers are prevented from being injured by high temperature generated in welding.
As shown in fig. 3, the rail vehicle comprises a roof 1 with a roof 101 and a cover plate 102 covering the roof edge beam 1011 of the roof 101; the side wall 2 is positioned below the vehicle roof 1 and fixedly connected with the vehicle roof 1; the mounting process of the roof of the railway vehicle is adopted.
As shown in fig. 4 to 8, the auxiliary device 3 for auxiliary installation of the cover plate 102 of the present invention includes a fixing portion 31 for detachable connection with the sidewall 2; and a positioning part 32 connected to the fixing part 31 for supporting and positioning the cover plate 102.
Before the cover plate 102 is installed, the auxiliary device 3 is installed on the side wall 2, the cover plate 102 can be positioned and supported, and after the cover plate 102 is installed, the auxiliary device 3 is detached, so that the installation is simple and convenient.
As shown in fig. 6 to 8, the fixing portion 31 includes a connecting arm 311, which is a U-shaped structure, and an opening of the connecting arm is fastened to a beam region above the door body of the side wall 2; and the pressing rod 312 is movably inserted into one end of the connecting arm 311, and is used for pressing the cross beam region buckled in the connecting arm 311, so that the connecting arm 311 and the side wall 2 are relatively fixed.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, one end of the pressing rod 312 facing the connecting arm 311 is provided with a pressing surface 3121, the pressing surface 3121 has a circular structure, and the other end is provided with a rotation handle 3122 perpendicular to the pressing rod 312. The pressing surface 3121 of the pressing rod 312 can increase the contact area between the pressing rod 312 and the cross beam region, so that the pressing effect can be ensured, the pressure acting on the cross beam region can be reduced, and the indentation left in the cross beam region is prevented from affecting the appearance of the rail vehicle. In addition, the rotation handle 3122 can drive the pressing rod 312 to rotate after rotating, so that the pressing rod 312 moves towards the beam area to press the beam area.
As shown in fig. 8, one end of the connecting arm 311 connected to the pressing lever 312 is provided with a first connecting hole 3111 matched with the pressing lever 312, a main body portion of the pressing lever 312 is inserted into the first connecting hole 3111, and the pressing surface 3121 and the rotating handle 3122 are respectively located at two sides of the first connecting hole 3111, so as to realize the movable connection between the pressing lever 312 and the connecting arm 311.
Preferably, the pressing rod 312 is a pressing screw, the first connection hole 3111 is a screw hole, and the rotating handle 3122 is a rotating rod penetrating through the pressing rod 312 in a radial direction.
As shown in fig. 6 to 8, the positioning portion 32 is a bent plate, and is connected to the other end of the connecting arm 311, one end of the positioning portion 32 extends into the opening of the connecting arm 311, the other end is located above the connecting arm 311, and a positioning surface 321 is formed at the bent portion.
As shown in fig. 6 and 8, the connecting arm 311 is connected to the positioning portion 32 through a connecting assembly 33, and the connecting assembly 33 includes a connecting seat 331 fixedly disposed on the positioning portion 32; the bolt 332 penetrates through the connecting base 331 and one end of the connecting arm 311 connected to the positioning portion 32.
The connecting arm 311 and the connecting base 331 are respectively provided with a second connecting hole 3112 and a third connecting hole 3311 which are matched with the bolt 332. The bolt 332 is inserted into the second connecting hole 3112 and the third connecting hole 3311, and is locked by a nut, so that the connecting arm 311 is fixedly connected to the connecting base 331, and the positioning portion 32 is fixedly connected to the connecting arm 311.
The connecting seat 331 has a groove structure, the third connecting holes 3311 are two and located on two sides of the groove, respectively, and one end of the connecting arm 311, which is provided with the second connecting hole 3112, is clamped into the groove.
Preferably, the positioning portion 32 is movably connected to the connecting arm 311 by a connecting assembly 33.
By adopting the above scheme, one end of the connecting arm 311 is clamped into the groove, so that the tightness of the connection between the connecting arm 311 and the connecting seat 331 can be ensured, and the connecting effect is improved. In addition, the positioning portion 32 is movably connected with the connecting arm 311 through the connecting assembly 33, so that the positioning surface 321 can be adjusted conveniently, the positioning angle can be changed, and the applicability is high.
One side of the positioning portion 32 connected to the connecting arm 311 is provided with a reinforcing rib 34, and the reinforcing rib 34 is of a wedge-shaped structure and plays a role in reinforcing and supporting the bent portion of the positioning portion 32. Preferably, the reinforcing rib 34 is integrally formed with the positioning portion 32.
The plate above the positioning portion 32 is bent towards one side of the pressing rod 312 to form a clamping portion 322, and the clamping portion 322 is matched with the structure of the lower edge of the cover plate 102 and used for clamping the cover plate 102 into the positioning portion 32. The clamping portion 322 of the positioning portion 32 can fix the cover plate 102, prevent the cover plate 102 from shifting after being placed on the positioning surface 321, further play a positioning role for the cover plate 102, and ensure the positioning effect.
The auxiliary device 3 is a metal structure, and the connecting seat 331 is welded or integrally formed with the positioning portion 32.
The auxiliary device 3 can also be used in other mounting processes for positioning and supporting the relevant devices.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and although the present invention has been disclosed by the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the equivalent embodiments by using the technical contents disclosed above without departing from the technical scope of the present invention, and the embodiments in the above embodiments can be further combined or replaced, but any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The mounting process of the roof of the railway vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps
S1, installing a top cover, and welding the side beam of the top cover with the side wall;
s2, installing a cover plate, covering the cover plate and welding the cover plate outside the top cover side beam;
in the step S2, the specific step of installing the cover plate includes
S21, mounting an auxiliary device, namely fixing the auxiliary device for assisting in mounting a cover plate in a beam area above each doorway on the side wall;
s22, hoisting the cover plate, slowly placing the cover plate on the positioning surface of the auxiliary device, and positioning the cover plate;
and S23, welding a cover plate, wherein the upper end and the lower end of the cover plate are respectively welded with the top cover side beam and the side wall and are coated outside the top cover side beam to completely cover the top cover side beam.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein step S0 is performed before step S1, and the roof is placed on the side wall of the car body, and the position of the roof is adjusted to match and fit the roof side rail to the side wall.
3. The process of claim 1, wherein step S22 is preceded by step S210 of adjusting the auxiliary devices such that the positioning surfaces of all the auxiliary devices for positioning the cover plates are located on the same plane.
4. The process of claim 1, wherein the cover plate is lifted in step S22 by using a crown block and a hanging strip to lift the cover plate on the positioning surface of the auxiliary device.
5. The process of claim 1, wherein the step S23 of fixedly welding the cover plate to the side wall includes friction stir welding, tig welding, non-tig welding, laser-tig welding, electron beam welding and arc welding.
6. A process for mounting a roof of a rail vehicle according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein step S23 is followed by step S24, rest, and removal of auxiliary means after the weld has cooled and the stress is removed.
7. An auxiliary device for use in the mounting process according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising
The fixing part is used for being detachably connected with the side wall;
the positioning part is connected with the fixing part and used for supporting and positioning the cover plate; the positioning part is a bending plate and is connected with the other end of the connecting arm, one end of the positioning part extends into the opening of the connecting arm, the other end of the positioning part is located above the connecting arm, and the bending part forms a positioning surface.
8. Auxiliary device according to claim 7,
the fixing part comprises a fixing part and a fixing part,
the connecting arm is of a U-shaped structure, and the opening is buckled in a cross beam area above the door body of the side wall;
and the compressing rod is movably inserted into one end of the connecting arm and is used for compressing the cross beam region buckled in the connecting arm so that the connecting arm and the side wall are relatively fixed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110022839.5A CN112676729B (en) | 2021-01-08 | 2021-01-08 | Installation process and auxiliary device for roof of railway vehicle |
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| CN202110022839.5A CN112676729B (en) | 2021-01-08 | 2021-01-08 | Installation process and auxiliary device for roof of railway vehicle |
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| CN112676729A CN112676729A (en) | 2021-04-20 |
| CN112676729B true CN112676729B (en) | 2022-06-21 |
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Families Citing this family (1)
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| CN113458643A (en) * | 2021-08-08 | 2021-10-01 | 南京中车浦镇城轨车辆有限责任公司 | Modular railway vehicle side roof assembly welding method and vehicle roof assembly method |
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| CN210359989U (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2020-04-21 | 厦门美驰汽配工业有限公司 | Straight ladder welding tool |
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| SE9002022D0 (en) * | 1990-06-06 | 1990-06-06 | Alumiumbuss I Piteaa Ab | BODY BODY |
| CN201179872Y (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2009-01-14 | 南车四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Rail vehicle body structure |
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| CN112676729A (en) | 2021-04-20 |
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