CN112667358B - Virtual machine snapshot management method, electronic device and computer readable medium - Google Patents
Virtual machine snapshot management method, electronic device and computer readable medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present disclosure provides a method for managing a virtual machine snapshot, including: generating a virtual machine snapshot of a target time point according to virtual machine state information of the target time point stored in a virtual machine copy; and the virtual machine copy stores virtual machine state information of at least one time point. The present disclosure also provides an electronic device, a computer-readable medium.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the disclosure relates to the technical field of computers, in particular to a virtual machine snapshot management method, electronic equipment and a computer readable medium.
Background
The virtual machine snapshot refers to copying and saving the state of the virtual machine at a certain moment so that the system restores the virtual machine according to the virtual machine snapshot when a problem occurs or restores the virtual machine to the running state at the moment according to the virtual machine snapshot after the virtual machine is started.
The existing virtual machine snapshot technology has the problems of low operation efficiency, poor user experience and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a virtual machine snapshot management method, electronic equipment and a computer readable medium.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for managing a virtual machine snapshot, where the pipe
The processing method comprises the following steps:
Generating a virtual machine snapshot of a target time point according to virtual machine state information of the target time point stored in a virtual machine copy;
The virtual machine copy stores virtual machine state information of at least one time point, and the target time point is one of the at least one time point.
In some embodiments, the virtual machine snapshots include disk snapshots and memory snapshots.
In some embodiments, the virtual machine state information of the target time point includes a disk modification location of the target time point, and the step of generating a disk snapshot of the target time point according to the virtual machine state information of the target time point stored in the virtual machine copy includes:
And generating a disk snapshot of the target time point according to the disk modification position of the target time point stored in the virtual machine copy.
In some embodiments, the step of generating a disk snapshot of the target point in time according to the disk modification location of the target point in time stored in the virtual machine replica includes:
And copying the data after the disk modification position in the disk file of the virtual machine to generate a disk snapshot of the target time point.
In some embodiments, the virtual machine state information of the target time point includes a memory modification location of the target time point and a change record of a memory after the target time point, and the step of generating the memory snapshot of the target time point according to the virtual machine state information of the target time point stored in the virtual machine copy includes:
and generating a memory snapshot of the target time point according to the memory modification position of the target time point and the memory change record after the target time point stored in the virtual machine copy.
In some embodiments, the step of generating the memory snapshot of the target time point according to the memory modification location of the target time point and the change record of the memory after the target time point stored in the virtual machine copy includes:
Copying the current memory file;
Determining a memory file corresponding to the target time point through the copied current memory file according to the memory modification position of the target time point and the memory change record after the target time point;
And storing the memory file corresponding to the target time point to generate a memory snapshot of the target time point.
In some embodiments, before the step of generating the virtual machine snapshot of the target point in time according to the virtual machine state information of the target point in time stored in the virtual machine replica, the management method further includes:
creating the virtual machine copy;
Virtual machine state information of a point in time when the virtual machine copy is created is stored in the virtual machine copy.
In some embodiments, after the step of storing virtual machine state information in the virtual machine replica at a point in time when the virtual machine replica was created, the management method further comprises:
when a snapshot event occurs, virtual machine state information of a point in time when the snapshot event occurs is stored in the virtual machine copy.
In some embodiments, after the step of generating the virtual machine snapshot of the target point in time according to the virtual machine state information of the target point in time stored in the virtual machine replica, the management method further includes:
And generating a signal generated by the virtual machine snapshot of the target time point.
In some embodiments, the management method further comprises:
Adjusting the memory reading position of the virtual machine according to the memory snapshot of the target time point;
Adjusting the disk reading position of the virtual machine according to the disk snapshot of the target time point;
And loading the memory snapshot and the disk snapshot to restore the virtual machine to the target time point.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide an electronic device, comprising:
One or more processors;
A memory having one or more programs stored thereon that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to manage any one of the virtual machine snapshots described above;
One or more I/O interfaces coupled between the processor and the memory configured to enable information interaction of the processor with the memory.
In a third aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a computer readable medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements a method of managing any one of the virtual machine snapshots described above.
Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a management method of a virtual machine snapshot, an electronic device that executes the management method, and a computer-readable medium storing a program capable of implementing the management method. In the management method, a virtual machine copy of the virtual machine is constructed, virtual machine state information of a time point when a snapshot event occurs is stored in the virtual machine copy, when the virtual machine is in an idle state, virtual machine snapshots are generated according to the virtual machine state information stored in the virtual machine copy, and automatic generation of the virtual machine snapshots is realized under the condition that the use of a user is not influenced; in the management method, a plurality of virtual machine snapshots can be generated simultaneously according to the virtual machine state information of a plurality of time points; the generated virtual machine snapshot comprises a memory snapshot and a disk snapshot, and the deleted virtual machine can be restored even if the virtual machine is deleted, so that the user experience is further improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the disclosure, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure, without limitation to the disclosure. The above and other features and advantages will become more readily apparent to those skilled in the art by describing in detail exemplary embodiments with reference to the attached drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a management method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of some steps in another management method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of some steps in yet another management method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a portion of steps in yet another management method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a portion of steps in yet another management method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a portion of steps in yet another management method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating some steps of a further management method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 8 is a block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
Fig. 9 is a block diagram of a computer readable medium according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical solutions of the present disclosure for those skilled in the art, the following describes in detail a virtual machine snapshot management method, an electronic device, and a computer readable medium provided in the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example embodiments will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, but may be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
Embodiments of the disclosure and features of embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and the present disclosure, and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
The inventor researches of the embodiment of the present disclosure find that the snapshot of the scene by the existing virtual machine is either a disk-based snapshot or a scene snapshot based on the snapshot technology of the virtual machine, but the existing snapshot technology of the virtual machine has the following problems: after the virtual machine is deleted, snapshot recovery can not be used any more; the generation speed of the virtual machine snapshot is slow, which usually requires a few seconds, a few minutes or even longer, and has poor timeliness, thus seriously affecting the user experience.
In view of this, in a first aspect, referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the disclosure provides a method for managing a virtual machine snapshot, the method including:
in step S100, a virtual machine snapshot of a target time point is generated according to virtual machine state information of the target time point stored in a virtual machine copy;
The virtual machine copy stores virtual machine state information of at least one time point, and the target time point is one of the at least one time point.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, virtual machine state information of at least one time point is stored in the virtual machine copy, and each time point corresponds to one snapshot event. The snapshot event refers to a program event triggering snapshot, and the specific type of the snapshot event is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, the virtual machine snapshot includes a disk snapshot and a memory snapshot. Step S100 is performed when the virtual machine is in an idle state. That is, in the disclosed embodiments, when a snapshot event occurs, disk snapshots and memory snapshots are not generated in synchronization with the snapshot event. When a snapshot event occurs, storing virtual machine state information of a time point when the snapshot event occurs in the virtual machine copy, generating a virtual machine snapshot based on the virtual machine state information, and when the virtual machine is in an idle device, generating the virtual machine snapshot through step S100. That is, in the disclosed embodiments, the synchronous processing logic of snapshot events and virtual machine snapshots is changed to asynchronous processing logic.
According to the research of the inventor of the embodiment of the disclosure, in the prior art, when a virtual machine snapshot needs to be created, the virtual machine is usually required to be stopped, and when a memory file and a disk file which need to be copied are large, the efficiency of the virtual machine snapshot is often low, so that the stopping time of the virtual machine is too long, and the user experience is affected. In the embodiment of the disclosure, the synchronous processing logic of the snapshot event and the virtual machine snapshot is changed into the asynchronous processing logic, when the snapshot event occurs, the virtual machine does not need to be stopped for a long time, and when the virtual machine is in an idle state, the virtual machine snapshot is stopped to be generated, so that a user does not feel the process of generating the virtual machine snapshot, and the user experience is improved.
It should also be noted that, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the process of building the virtual machine copy only needs to temporarily suspend the operation of the virtual machine. As an alternative implementation, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the virtual machine copy is built using a virtual machine thermo-migration technique, and the time required for building the virtual machine copy using the virtual machine thermo-migration technique is in the millisecond level, so the user does not feel. The embodiments of the present disclosure are not particularly limited as to what virtual machine hot migration technique is employed.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the step S100 is used to generate the disk snapshot and the memory snapshot of the virtual machine at the target time point at the same time, and even after the virtual machine is deleted, the deleted virtual machine can be recovered according to the generated disk snapshot and memory snapshot.
It should be further noted that, when the virtual machine state information of multiple time points is stored in the virtual machine copy, multiple virtual machine snapshots may be generated according to the virtual machine state information of multiple time points, that is, multiple virtual machine snapshots may be generated concurrently in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
In the virtual machine snapshot management method provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, a virtual machine copy of a virtual machine is constructed, virtual machine state information of a snapshot event occurrence time point is stored in the virtual machine copy, and when the virtual machine is in an idle state, the virtual machine snapshot is generated according to the virtual machine state information stored in the virtual machine copy, so that automatic generation of the virtual machine snapshot is realized under the condition that the use of a user is not affected; in the management method, a plurality of virtual machine snapshots can be generated simultaneously according to the virtual machine state information of a plurality of time points; the generated virtual machine snapshot comprises a memory snapshot and a disk snapshot, and the deleted virtual machine can be restored even if the virtual machine is deleted, so that the user experience is further improved.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, the virtual machine is a QEMU virtual machine, and the QEMU virtual machine supports a qcoo 2 disk image format. Qcoo 2 supports Copy On Write (COW), i.e., the qcoo 2 image reflects only modifications made to the underlying disk image. Therefore, when the snapshot event occurs, the position of the disk modification at the time point of the snapshot event is marked, when the virtual machine is in an idle state, the disk snapshot of the virtual machine can be generated according to the disk file in the QCOW2 format, namely, the disk file in the QCOW2 format is copied to the position of the disk modification at the time point of the marked snapshot event, and the disk snapshot can be obtained.
Accordingly, in some embodiments, the virtual machine state information of the target time point includes a disk modification position of the target time point, and referring to fig. 2, step S100 includes:
in step S110, a disk snapshot of the target time point is generated according to the disk modification position of the target time point stored in the virtual machine copy.
Accordingly, referring to fig. 3, in some embodiments, step S110 includes:
In step S111, the data after the disk modification position in the disk file of the virtual machine is copied to generate a disk snapshot of the target time point.
Generating the memory snapshot requires that the memory files be all saved to the hard disk. In this embodiment of the present disclosure, as an optional implementation manner, when a snapshot event occurs, a modification location of a memory at a time point when the snapshot event occurs is marked in a virtual machine copy, a change of the memory after the time point when the snapshot event occurs is recorded in the virtual machine copy, and when the virtual machine is in an idle state, a memory file at the time point when the snapshot event occurs can be obtained by back-pushing according to the recorded change of the memory and a current memory file, so as to generate a memory snapshot at the time point when the snapshot event occurs.
Accordingly, in some embodiments, the virtual machine state information of the target time point includes a memory modification location of the target time point and a record of a change of the memory after the target time point, referring to fig. 2, step S100 includes:
in step S120, a memory snapshot of the target time point is generated according to the memory modification position of the target time point and the change record of the memory after the target time point stored in the virtual machine copy.
Accordingly, referring to fig. 4, in some embodiments, step S120 includes:
in step S121, the current memory file is copied;
In step S122, according to the memory modification position of the target time point and the change record of the memory after the target time point, determining the memory file corresponding to the target time point by the copied current memory file;
In step S123, a memory file corresponding to the target time point is stored to generate a memory snapshot of the target time point.
In step S122, the current memory file is subjected to differential back-pushing according to the change record of the memory after the target time point, so as to obtain the memory file at the target time point.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 5, before step S100, the management method further includes:
in step S201, creating the virtual machine copy;
In step S202, virtual machine state information of a point in time when the virtual machine copy is created is stored in the virtual machine copy.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, storing, in the virtual machine copy, virtual machine state information of a point in time when the virtual machine copy is created in step S202 includes a change record of a memory after the point in time when the virtual machine copy is created. When the virtual machine is in an idle state, each memory snapshot corresponding to each time point can be generated according to the change record of the memory after the time point of creating the virtual machine copy, so that when a snapshot event occurs, the change record of the memory after the time point of the snapshot event does not need to be generated for each snapshot event.
As an alternative implementation, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, in step S201, the virtual machine copy is built using the virtual machine thermo-migration technique, and the time required to build the virtual machine copy using the virtual machine thermo-migration technique is in the millisecond level, so the user does not feel. The embodiments of the present disclosure are not particularly limited as to what virtual machine hot migration technique is employed.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, virtual machine state information of a point in time when a snapshot event occurs is stored in a virtual machine copy whenever the snapshot event occurs, so as to generate a virtual machine snapshot corresponding to the snapshot event through step S100 when the virtual machine is in an idle state.
Accordingly, referring to fig. 5, in some embodiments, after step S202, the management method further includes:
in step S203, when a snapshot event occurs, virtual machine state information of a point in time when the snapshot event occurs is stored in the virtual machine replica.
It should be noted that, as an optional implementation manner, if the change record of the memory after the time point of creating the virtual machine copy is stored in the virtual machine copy, in step S203, the change record of the memory after the time point of the snapshot event may not be stored any more, so as to save computing and storage resources and improve efficiency.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, the user is notified after the virtual machine snapshot is generated.
Accordingly, referring to fig. 6, in some embodiments, after step S100, the management method further includes:
In step S300, a signal that the virtual machine snapshot of the target point in time has been generated is generated.
It should be noted that the embodiments of the present disclosure do not specifically limit how the signals are displayed. For example, the user may be notified that the virtual machine snapshot has been generated by sending a prompt tone, and the message that the virtual machine snapshot has been generated may also be presented through a message window.
As described above, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the disk snapshot and the memory snapshot of the virtual machine at the target point in time are generated, and even after the virtual machine is deleted, the deleted virtual machine can be restored according to the generated disk snapshot and memory snapshot.
Accordingly, referring to fig. 7, in some embodiments, after step S100, the management method further includes:
in step S401, the memory reading position of the virtual machine is adjusted according to the memory snapshot of the target time point;
In step S402, adjusting a disk reading position of the virtual machine according to the disk snapshot of the target time point;
In step S403, the memory snapshot and the disk snapshot are loaded, so as to restore the virtual machine to the target time point.
In a second aspect, referring to fig. 8, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an electronic device, including:
One or more processors 101;
A memory 102 having one or more programs stored thereon, which when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement any of the virtual snapshot management methods described above;
one or more I/O interfaces 103, coupled between the processor and the memory, are configured to enable information interaction of the processor with the memory.
Wherein the processor 101 is a device having data processing capabilities, including but not limited to a Central Processing Unit (CPU) or the like; memory 102 is a device with data storage capability including, but not limited to, random access memory (RAM, more specifically SDRAM, DDR, etc.), read-only memory (ROM), electrically charged erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), FLASH memory (FLASH); an I/O interface (read/write interface) 103 is connected between the processor 101 and the memory 102 to enable information interaction between the processor 101 and the memory 102, including but not limited to a data Bus (Bus) or the like.
In some embodiments, processor 101, memory 102, and I/O interface 103 are connected to each other via bus 104, and thus to other components of the computing device.
The method for managing the virtual machine snapshot has been described in detail above, and will not be described in detail here.
In a third aspect, referring to fig. 9, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a computer readable medium having a computer program stored thereon, which when executed by a processor implements any one of the virtual snapshot management methods described above.
The method for managing the virtual machine snapshot has been described in detail above, and will not be described in detail here.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or some of the steps, systems, functional modules/units in the apparatus, and methods disclosed above may be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and suitable combinations thereof. In a hardware implementation, the division between the functional modules/units mentioned in the above description does not necessarily correspond to the division of physical components; for example, one physical component may have multiple functions, or one function or step may be performed cooperatively by several physical components. Some or all of the physical components may be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a central processing unit, digital signal processor, or microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application specific integrated circuit. Such software may be distributed on computer readable media, which may include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or transitory media). The term computer storage media includes both volatile and nonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data, as known to those skilled in the art. Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital Versatile Disks (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to store the desired information and which can be accessed by a computer. Furthermore, as is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art, communication media typically embodies computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism and includes any information delivery media.
Example embodiments have been disclosed herein, and although specific terms are employed, they are used and should be interpreted in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purpose of limitation. In some instances, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that features, characteristics, and/or elements described in connection with a particular embodiment may be used alone or in combination with other embodiments unless explicitly stated otherwise. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the scope of the disclosure as set forth in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for managing snapshots of a virtual machine, the method comprising:
Creating the virtual machine copy, and storing virtual machine state information of a time point of creating the virtual machine copy in the virtual machine copy; when a snapshot event occurs, storing virtual machine state information of a time point when the snapshot event occurs in the virtual machine copy;
When the virtual machine is in an idle state, generating a virtual machine snapshot of a target time point according to virtual machine state information of the target time point stored in a virtual machine copy;
The virtual machine copy stores virtual machine state information of at least one time point, and the target time point is one of the at least one time point.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the virtual machine snapshot comprises a disk snapshot and a memory snapshot.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the virtual machine state information of the target point in time includes a disk modification location of the target point in time, and wherein generating the disk snapshot of the target point in time based on the virtual machine state information of the target point in time stored in the virtual machine replica includes:
And generating a disk snapshot of the target time point according to the disk modification position of the target time point stored in the virtual machine copy.
4. A method of managing as set forth in claim 3 wherein the step of generating a disk snapshot of the target point in time based on the disk modification locations of the target point in time stored in the virtual machine replica includes:
And copying the data after the disk modification position in the disk file of the virtual machine to generate a disk snapshot of the target time point.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein the virtual machine state information of the target time point includes a memory modification location of the target time point and a change record of a memory after the target time point, and the step of generating the memory snapshot of the target time point according to the virtual machine state information of the target time point stored in the virtual machine copy further includes:
and generating a memory snapshot of the target time point according to the memory modification position of the target time point and the memory change record after the target time point stored in the virtual machine copy.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the step of generating the memory snapshot at the target time point according to the memory modification location at the target time point and the change record of the memory after the target time point stored in the virtual machine copy includes:
Copying the current memory file;
Determining a memory file corresponding to the target time point through the copied current memory file according to the memory modification position of the target time point and the memory change record after the target time point;
And storing the memory file corresponding to the target time point to generate a memory snapshot of the target time point.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein after the step of generating a virtual machine snapshot of a target point in time from virtual machine state information of the target point in time stored in a virtual machine replica, the method further comprises:
And generating a signal generated by the virtual machine snapshot of the target time point.
8. The management method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the management method further comprises:
Adjusting the memory reading position of the virtual machine according to the memory snapshot of the target time point;
Adjusting the disk reading position of the virtual machine according to the disk snapshot of the target time point;
And loading the memory snapshot and the disk snapshot to restore the virtual machine to the target time point.
9. An electronic device, comprising:
One or more processors;
Storage means having stored thereon one or more programs which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement the management method according to any one of claims 1 to 8;
One or more I/O interfaces coupled between the processor and the memory configured to enable information interaction of the processor with the memory.
10. A computer readable medium having stored thereon a computer program which when executed by a processor implements the management method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| CN111158954A (en) * | 2019-12-29 | 2020-05-15 | 北京浪潮数据技术有限公司 | Cloud host snapshot method, system, equipment and computer readable storage medium |
| CN111417931A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2020-07-14 | 华睿泰科技有限责任公司 | Performing backup operations using a copy |
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| CN111417931A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2020-07-14 | 华睿泰科技有限责任公司 | Performing backup operations using a copy |
| CN111158954A (en) * | 2019-12-29 | 2020-05-15 | 北京浪潮数据技术有限公司 | Cloud host snapshot method, system, equipment and computer readable storage medium |
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