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CN112589962A - Preparation method of bulletproof composite armor capable of preventing armor-piercing combustion bullets and bulletproof composite armor - Google Patents

Preparation method of bulletproof composite armor capable of preventing armor-piercing combustion bullets and bulletproof composite armor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112589962A
CN112589962A CN202011447494.XA CN202011447494A CN112589962A CN 112589962 A CN112589962 A CN 112589962A CN 202011447494 A CN202011447494 A CN 202011447494A CN 112589962 A CN112589962 A CN 112589962A
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China
Prior art keywords
armor
ceramic
bulletproof
fiber
composite armor
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Pending
Application number
CN202011447494.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
林文松
张虹
方宁象
崔毅
李晓明
徐彬桓
张国军
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Zhejiang Light Tough Composite Materials Co ltd
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Zhejiang Light Tough Composite Materials Co ltd
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Priority to CN202011447494.XA priority Critical patent/CN112589962A/en
Publication of CN112589962A publication Critical patent/CN112589962A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/025Hot pressing, e.g. of ceramic materials
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B18/00Layered products essentially comprising ceramics, e.g. refractory products
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/06Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41HARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02Plate construction
    • F41H5/04Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0414Layered armour containing ceramic material
    • F41H5/0428Ceramic layers in combination with additional layers made of fibres, fabrics or plastics
    • F41H5/0435Ceramic layers in combination with additional layers made of fibres, fabrics or plastics the additional layers being only fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0253Polyolefin fibres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0261Polyamide fibres
    • B32B2262/0269Aromatic polyamide fibres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10Inorganic fibres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/106Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/536Hardness
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/558Impact strength, toughness
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70Other properties
    • B32B2307/718Weight, e.g. weight per square meter
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2571/00Protective equipment
    • B32B2571/02Protective equipment defensive, e.g. armour plates or anti-ballistic clothing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Abstract

A preparation method of a bulletproof composite armor capable of preventing armor-piercing combustion bullets and a bulletproof composite armor are characterized by comprising the following steps: step 1, respectively forming three layers of ceramic green compacts with different components; the ceramic green compacts are respectively B4C/Al cermet, B4C ceramic and fiber toughening B4C, ceramic; step 2, the B is added4C/Al cermet, B4C ceramic and fiber toughening B4C, stacking the ceramics together in sequence from top to bottom, then putting the ceramics into a graphite mould, and carrying out vacuum degumming and high-temperature hot pressing to obtain the bulletproof ceramic deck; and 3, compounding the bulletproof ceramic deck obtained in the step 2) with a bulletproof back plate to obtain the bulletproof composite armor. The bulletproof composite armor prepared by the invention greatly improves the capability of the composite armor for resisting armor-piercing combustion bullets and resisting multiple strikes.

Description

Preparation method of bulletproof composite armor capable of preventing armor-piercing combustion bullets and bulletproof composite armor
Technical Field
The invention relates to a technology in the field of composite materials, in particular to a preparation method of a multi-bullet-resistant intensive-strike composite armor and a composite armor.
Background
Boron carbide has excellent performances of high hardness, high strength, low density and the like, so that the boron carbide becomes a preferred material of the bullet-resistant ceramic in the latest generation of composite armor. However, the inherent brittleness of boron carbide ceramics makes them very susceptible to fracture in resisting armor piercing projectile attacks, thereby reducing their theoretical ballistic and ballistic resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a preparation method of a bulletproof composite armor capable of preventing armor-piercing combustion bullets and the bulletproof composite armor, solves the problems in the prior art, and comprises the following steps of: the B4C/Al metal ceramic and the B4C ceramic are sequentially placed and are compounded with the bulletproof back plate to prepare the bulletproof composite armor, and the high-toughness composite ceramic formed by high-temperature hot pressing is compounded with the bulletproof back plate to greatly improve the capability of the composite armor for resisting armor-piercing combustion bullets and resisting multiple strikes.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method for preparing a bulletproof composite armor capable of preventing armor-piercing combustion bullets is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, respectively forming three layers of ceramic green compacts with different components; the ceramic green compacts are respectively B4C/Al cermet, B4C ceramic and fiber toughened B4C ceramic;
step 2, stacking the B4C/Al cermet, the B4C ceramic and the fiber toughened B4C ceramic together from top to bottom, then placing the stacked ceramic into a graphite mold, and carrying out vacuum degumming and high-temperature hot pressing to obtain the bulletproof ceramic deck;
and 3, compounding the bulletproof ceramic deck obtained in the step 2) with a bulletproof back plate to obtain the bulletproof composite armor.
As a further preferable technical scheme of the invention, the thickness ratio of the B4C/Al cermet, the B4C ceramic and the fiber toughening B4C ceramic is 1 (3-4) to (1.5-2).
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the chemical composition of the B4C/Al cermet is: the mass ratio of Al is 30-40%, and the balance is B4C; the chemical composition of the fiber toughened B4C ceramic is as follows: the volume ratio of the toughening fiber is 20-30%, and the balance is B4C; the toughening fiber is one or more of chopped carbon fiber, chopped silicon carbide fiber and carbon nano tube.
As a further preferable technical scheme of the invention, the high-temperature hot pressing process in the step 2) is carried out under the environment condition that the vacuum degree is less than 100Pa, the hot pressing temperature is 2000-2100 ℃, and the hot pressing pressure is 30-35 MPa.
As a further preferable technical scheme of the invention, the bulletproof back plate in the step 3) is a combination of at least two of an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber plate, an aramid fiber ii fiber plate, an aramid fiber iii fiber plate and a carbon fiber plate.
The composite armor capable of preventing armor-piercing fire bombs comprises a B4C/Al metal ceramic layer, a B4C ceramic layer and a fiber toughened B4C ceramic layer, and is prepared by the preparation method.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the elastic ceramic plate formed by compounding the three ceramic plates keeps the inherent advantages of light weight and high hardness of boron carbide, the crushing cone at the position of an impact point is small, the crack diffusion is small, and the capability of resisting multiple impacts of the elastic ceramic plate is improved;
2) the application of the high-toughness bulletproof ceramic plate and the combined bulletproof back plate ensures that the weight of the composite armor is reduced, and the protective armor can meet the requirement of light weight of high-strength protective armor.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a ballistic ceramic plate according to the present invention;
figure 2 is a schematic illustration of a ballistic resistant composite armor made according to embodiments of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description. The experimental procedures, in which specific conditions are not specified in the examples, were carried out according to the conventional methods and conditions.
Examples
This example, see FIGS. 1-2; relates to a preparation method of a bulletproof composite armor capable of preventing armor-piercing fire bullets and the bulletproof composite armor, wherein the bulletproof composite armor comprises a B4C/Al metal ceramic layer, a B4C ceramic layer and a fiber toughened B4C ceramic layer; the specific preparation method is as follows,
step 1, compression molding three ceramic pressed blanks with the size of 300mm multiplied by 300mm, which specifically comprises the following steps:
B4C/Al cermet: 30% of Al, and the balance of B4C, wherein the thickness is 1.6 mm;
B4C ceramic: the thickness is 5.6 mm;
fiber toughened B4C ceramic: the chopped carbon fiber volume ratio is 20%, the rest is B4C, and the thickness is 2.8 mm.
Step 2, stacking the boron carbide ceramic blanks together according to the mode shown in the figure 1, and placing the blanks in a hot-pressing mold; keeping the temperature and the pressure for 60min under the conditions of 30MPa pressure and 2100 ℃ to obtain an integral elastic-resistant ceramic plate with the surface density of 27kg/m 2;
and 3, compounding the aramid III fiber board and the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber board through epoxy resin to form the bulletproof back plate, wherein the areal densities of the aramid III fiber board and the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber board are respectively 2kg/m2 and 6.8kg/m 2. The overall areal density of the combined ballistic panel was 8.8kg/m 2;
the bulletproof ceramic plate and the combined bulletproof back plate are bonded together through epoxy resin, and are filled into a vacuum bag for vacuum pumping. Keeping the temperature at 125 ℃ and under the pressure of 1.5MPa for 60min, and compounding by a hot isostatic pressing process to obtain the bulletproof composite armor, wherein the structure of the bulletproof composite armor is shown in figure 2.
Tests show that the ceramic composite armor has the surface density of less than 36kg/m2, is struck by a 3-shot 7.62mm armor-piercing combustion bullet gun (the incident angle is 0 degrees and the bullet speed is 870m/s), has no perforation, has the maximum back projection of less than 35mm and meets the requirements.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative, and not restrictive, of the present invention, and any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments in accordance with the technical spirit of the present invention are also within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A method for preparing a bulletproof composite armor capable of preventing armor-piercing combustion bullets is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, respectively forming three layers of ceramic green compacts with different components; the ceramic green compacts are respectively B4C/Al cermet, B4C ceramic and fiber toughening B4C, ceramic;
step 2, the B is added4C/Al cermet, B4C ceramic and fiberToughening of B4C, stacking the ceramics together in sequence from top to bottom, then putting the ceramics into a graphite mould, and carrying out vacuum degumming and high-temperature hot pressing to obtain the bulletproof ceramic deck;
and 3, compounding the bulletproof ceramic deck obtained in the step 2) with a bulletproof back plate to obtain the bulletproof composite armor.
2. The method of claim 1 for making a ballistic resistant composite armor that is resistant to armor-piercing fire projectiles, wherein: b is4C/Al cermet, B4C ceramic and fiber toughening B4The thickness ratio of the C ceramics is 1 (3-4) to 1.5-2.
3. The method of claim 1 for making a ballistic resistant composite armor that is resistant to armor-piercing fire projectiles, wherein: b is4The chemical composition of the C/Al cermet is as follows: the mass ratio of Al is 30-40%, and the balance is B4C; toughening of the fibers B4The chemical composition of the C ceramic is as follows: the volume ratio of the toughening fiber is 20-30 percent, and the balance is B4C; the toughening fiber is one or more of chopped carbon fiber, chopped silicon carbide fiber and carbon nano tube.
4. The method of claim 1 for making a ballistic resistant composite armor that is resistant to armor-piercing fire projectiles, wherein: the high-temperature hot-pressing process in the step 2) is carried out under the environment condition that the vacuum degree is less than 100Pa, the hot-pressing temperature is 2000-2100 ℃, and the hot-pressing pressure is 30-35 MPa.
5. The method of claim 1 for making a ballistic resistant composite armor that is resistant to armor-piercing fire projectiles, wherein: the bulletproof back plate in the step 3) is a combination of at least two fiber plates of an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber plate, an aramid fiber II fiber plate, an aramid fiber III fiber plate and a carbon fiber plate.
6. The utility model provides a can prevent compound armor of armor-piercing burning bullet which characterized in that: comprising B4C/Al metalCeramic layer, B4C ceramic layer and fiber toughening B4C ceramic layer and is produced by the production method according to claims 1-5.
CN202011447494.XA 2020-12-09 2020-12-09 Preparation method of bulletproof composite armor capable of preventing armor-piercing combustion bullets and bulletproof composite armor Pending CN112589962A (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1924510A (en) * 2006-09-27 2007-03-07 北京航空航天大学 Fiber-reinforced metal/ceramic laminar composite material protective board
CN102886942A (en) * 2011-07-19 2013-01-23 东北大学 Layered composite boron carbide ceramic material and its preparation method
CN108088312A (en) * 2018-01-22 2018-05-29 山东大学 A kind of combined type bulletproof ceramic plate armour splicing construction and preparation method thereof
CN109293363A (en) * 2018-10-24 2019-02-01 浙江吉成新材股份有限公司 A kind of preparation method of aluminium boron carbide composite material
CN110041076A (en) * 2019-05-28 2019-07-23 山东理工大学 A kind of big thickness lightweight layer-built armor ceramics and preparation method thereof
CN111319318A (en) * 2020-01-07 2020-06-23 苏州第一元素纳米技术有限公司 Bulletproof composite armor and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1924510A (en) * 2006-09-27 2007-03-07 北京航空航天大学 Fiber-reinforced metal/ceramic laminar composite material protective board
CN102886942A (en) * 2011-07-19 2013-01-23 东北大学 Layered composite boron carbide ceramic material and its preparation method
CN108088312A (en) * 2018-01-22 2018-05-29 山东大学 A kind of combined type bulletproof ceramic plate armour splicing construction and preparation method thereof
CN109293363A (en) * 2018-10-24 2019-02-01 浙江吉成新材股份有限公司 A kind of preparation method of aluminium boron carbide composite material
CN110041076A (en) * 2019-05-28 2019-07-23 山东理工大学 A kind of big thickness lightweight layer-built armor ceramics and preparation method thereof
CN111319318A (en) * 2020-01-07 2020-06-23 苏州第一元素纳米技术有限公司 Bulletproof composite armor and preparation method thereof

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