CN112556983A - Multichannel flow instability experimental device capable of accurately simulating flow resistance - Google Patents
Multichannel flow instability experimental device capable of accurately simulating flow resistance Download PDFInfo
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- CN112556983A CN112556983A CN202011346805.3A CN202011346805A CN112556983A CN 112556983 A CN112556983 A CN 112556983A CN 202011346805 A CN202011346805 A CN 202011346805A CN 112556983 A CN112556983 A CN 112556983A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multichannel flow instability experimental device for accurately simulating flow resistance, which comprises an inlet header, an outlet header, a flow channel assembly, an insulating layer and a pressure-bearing shell, wherein the inlet header is connected with the inlet header; the runner assembly and the insulating layer are arranged in the pressure bearing shell; the flow channel assembly consists of at least two flow channels, one end of the flow channel assembly is embedded into the inlet header through the inlet end cover, and the other end of the flow channel assembly is embedded into the outlet header through the outlet end cover; the insulating layer is arranged between the runner and is used for insulating the pressure bearing shell and the runner assembly; the pressure bearing shell is used for bearing the pressure transmitted by the working medium in the flow channel. The invention realizes the research closer to the flow instability characteristic in the actual parallel multi-channel heat exchanger by adopting the embedded channel design, and solves the problem of the influence of the inlet and outlet resistance between the traditional separated parallel channels on the flow instability characteristic.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pressure vessel equipment, and particularly relates to a multichannel flow instability experimental device for accurately simulating flow resistance.
Background
The parallel channels are widely arranged in a plurality of large heat exchangers with high power density, and the phenomenon that the flow of the coolant in the parallel channels is unstable due to the fact that the flow of the coolant in the parallel channels is periodically pulsed due to the change of two-phase pressure drop characteristics, the delay of heat transfer relative to flow and the like between the heated parallel channels. The phenomenon of flow instability widely exists in the fields of reactor engineering, power engineering, petrochemical industry and the like, and is more remarkable for a closed narrow passage. In general, the periodic pulsation of the coolant flow may cause harmful mechanical vibration and fatigue damage to the components, and also may cause thermal fatigue damage due to the periodic variation of thermal stress, and even affect the local heat transfer characteristics, cause deterioration of heat transfer, and affect the safety of the heat exchange system. Therefore, the method has important significance in researching the flow stability characteristics among the parallel narrow channels, exploring the instability occurrence boundary under the corresponding working condition, reasonably designing the heat exchanger, and effectively preventing the flow instability.
Since most of the flow instability research processes judge the occurrence of the flow instability by means of the flow pulsation, when the flow instability of the parallel channels is researched, the independent parallel channels are adopted, and each channel is provided with a flowmeter to detect the flow pulsation so as to judge the occurrence of the instability. The design ensures that the pressure transmission between the parallel channels needs to pass through the connecting pipe and the flowmeter, a larger inlet resistance coefficient is introduced, and the pressure transmission between the prototype parallel channels can be realized only through the header, which is greatly different from the design. Considering that the transfer of pressure between channels has a significant influence on the flow instability characteristics, the flow instability boundary obtained by the design is different from the prototype, and the reliability of the thermal hydraulic design is further influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a multi-channel flow instability experimental device for accurately simulating flow resistance, which aims to solve the problem that the reliability of thermal hydraulic design is influenced due to the difference between a flow instability boundary obtained in the prior art and a prototype. The experimental device disclosed by the invention is closer to a prototype, the influence of the inlet and outlet resistance on the flow instability can be effectively avoided, and the experimental requirement of the flow instability characteristic of the parallel channel under the wide parameter is met.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a multi-channel flow instability experimental device for accurately simulating flow resistance comprises an inlet header, an outlet header, a flow channel assembly, an insulating layer and a pressure-bearing shell;
the runner assembly and the insulating layer are arranged in the pressure bearing shell;
the flow channel assembly consists of at least two flow channels, one end of the flow channel assembly is embedded into the inlet header through the inlet end cover, and the other end of the flow channel assembly is embedded into the outlet header through the outlet end cover;
the insulating layer is arranged between the runner and is used for insulating the pressure bearing shell and the runner assembly;
the pressure bearing shell is used for bearing the pressure transmitted by the working medium in the flow channel.
Preferably, the insulating layer of the present invention includes a first insulating layer and a second insulating layer and a third insulating layer;
the first insulating layer comprises an insulating block layer arranged between the bottom of the runner assembly and the pressure bearing shell and an insulating block layer arranged between the side surface of the runner assembly and the pressure bearing shell;
the second insulating layer comprises an insulating block layer arranged between any two adjacent runners;
the third insulating layer comprises an insulating block layer arranged between the top of the runner assembly and the pressure-bearing shell.
Preferably, the pressure-bearing shell of the invention comprises an upper pressure-bearing shell and a lower pressure-bearing shell;
the upper pressure bearing shell and the lower pressure bearing shell are fastened and connected through a fastener to form a space for accommodating the runner assembly and the insulating layer. The split type pressure-bearing shell assembly is arranged, so that at least two runners and the insulating layer can be conveniently and tightly installed.
Preferably, at least two flow passages are connected with the inlet end cover and the outlet end cover in a silver brazing mode, silver brazing filler metal is filled by gravity during welding, and the silver brazing filler metal is exhausted through the exhaust holes to completely fill gaps. At least two flow passages are fixedly and hermetically arranged on the inlet end cover and the outlet end cover in a silver brazing mode to form a whole.
Preferably, the installation mode of the runner assembly, the insulating layer and the pressure bearing shell of the invention is as follows:
installing the first insulating layer on the ground and the side surface in the lower pressure-bearing shell;
mounting the runner assembly and the second insulating layer within a first insulating layer;
mounting the third insulating layer on top of the runner assembly;
and installing the upper pressure bearing shell downwards from the upper surface of the third insulating layer and correspondingly connecting the upper pressure bearing shell and the lower pressure bearing shell through the fastening piece, thereby ensuring that the pressure bearing shell compresses each part in the space of the pressure bearing shell.
Preferably, the second insulating layer and the third insulating layer of the present invention are mounted in a segmented mounting manner.
Preferably, the experimental device of the invention further comprises an inlet pipeline and an outlet pipeline;
the inlet pipeline is connected with the inlet header;
the outlet pipeline is connected with the outlet header.
Preferably, the experimental device is used for experimental study on flow instability of parallel narrow channels or parallel round tubes.
Preferably, the experimental device of the present invention uses water as the working medium, and the working pressure is: normal pressure to 20MPa, working temperature: normal temperature to 500 ℃.
The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the invention provides an accurate model flow resistance multi-channel flow instability experimental device, which realizes the research closer to the flow instability characteristic in an actual parallel multi-channel heat exchanger by adopting an embedded channel design and solves the problem of the influence of the inlet and outlet resistance between the traditional separated parallel channels on the flow instability characteristic.
2. The invention can be used for experimental study on the flow instability of parallel multi-channels (narrow channels or round tubes), can be more closely attached to a prototype parallel multi-channel heat exchanger, realizes experimental study on the flow instability of the parallel multi-channels, and can provide quantitative data support for setting the thermal safety limit of the heat exchanger with the parallel multi-channels.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the parallel multi-channel flow instability experimental apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, the term "comprising" or "may include" used in various embodiments of the present invention indicates the presence of the invented function, operation or element, and does not limit the addition of one or more functions, operations or elements. Furthermore, as used in various embodiments of the present invention, the terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," "has," "having" and their derivatives are intended to mean that the specified features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations of the foregoing, are only meant to indicate that a particular feature, number, step, operation, element, component, or combination of the foregoing, and should not be construed as first excluding the existence of, or adding to the possibility of, one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations of the foregoing.
In various embodiments of the invention, the expression "or" at least one of a or/and B "includes any or all combinations of the words listed simultaneously. For example, the expression "a or B" or "at least one of a or/and B" may include a, may include B, or may include both a and B.
Expressions (such as "first", "second", and the like) used in various embodiments of the present invention may modify various constituent elements in various embodiments, but may not limit the respective constituent elements. For example, the above description does not limit the order and/or importance of the elements described. The foregoing description is for the purpose of distinguishing one element from another. For example, the first user device and the second user device indicate different user devices, although both are user devices. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and, similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of various embodiments of the present invention.
It should be noted that: if it is described that one constituent element is "connected" to another constituent element, the first constituent element may be directly connected to the second constituent element, and a third constituent element may be "connected" between the first constituent element and the second constituent element. In contrast, when one constituent element is "directly connected" to another constituent element, it is understood that there is no third constituent element between the first constituent element and the second constituent element.
The terminology used in the various embodiments of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the various embodiments of the invention. As used herein, the singular forms are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which various embodiments of the present invention belong. The terms (such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries) should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their contextual meaning in the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein in various embodiments of the present invention.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
Examples
Compared with the problem that the flow instability characteristics are influenced by the inlet resistance and the outlet resistance between the traditional separated parallel channels, the embodiment provides the multi-channel flow instability experimental device for accurately simulating the flow resistance, and the research closer to the flow instability characteristics in the actual parallel multi-channel heat exchanger is realized by adopting the embedded channel design.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1-2, the experimental apparatus of the present embodiment includes an inlet header, an outlet header, a flow channel assembly, an insulating layer, and a pressure-bearing shell.
The runner assembly and the insulating layer of the present embodiment are disposed within the pressure-bearing shell.
The flow channel assembly of the embodiment comprises at least two flow channels, wherein one end of the flow channel assembly is embedded into the inlet header through the inlet end cover, and the other end of the flow channel assembly is embedded into the outlet header through the outlet end cover; the flow channel assembly of this embodiment is composed of two flow channels (e.g., flow channel 1 and flow channel 2 shown in fig. 1-2). In other embodiments, the flow passage assembly may further include three or more flow passages.
The insulating layer of the embodiment is arranged between the flow channel and used for insulating between the pressure bearing shell and the flow channel assembly. As shown in fig. 2 in particular, the insulating layer of the present embodiment includes three layers, the first insulating layer includes a side insulating block 1 and a side insulating block 2 disposed between the side surface of the runner assembly and the pressure-bearing shell, and an edge insulating block 2 disposed at the bottom of the runner assembly (the bottom of the channel 2); the second insulating layer is a central insulating block disposed between two adjacent channels, such as the central insulating block between channel 1 and channel 2 shown in fig. 2, and in other embodiments, when the runner assembly includes three runners, the second insulating layer includes a central insulating block disposed between channel 1 and channel 2, and a central insulating block disposed between channel 2 and channel 3; the third layer of insulating layer is an edge insulating block 1 arranged between the top of the runner assembly (the top of the channel 1) and the pressure-bearing shell.
The pressure-bearing shell of the embodiment is used for bearing the pressure transmitted by the working medium in the flow channel.
In the embodiment, a split pressure-bearing shell structure is adopted, and as shown in fig. 2, the pressure-bearing shell of the embodiment comprises an upper pressure-bearing shell and a lower pressure-bearing shell;
the upper pressure bearing shell and the lower pressure bearing shell are tightly connected through a fastener to form a space for accommodating the runner assembly and the insulating layer.
In the embodiment, the two flow passages are connected with the inlet and outlet end covers in a silver brazing mode, silver brazing filler metal is filled by gravity during welding, and the silver brazing filler metal is exhausted through the exhaust holes to completely fill gaps.
The experimental apparatus of this embodiment uses, but is not limited to, water as the working medium, the working pressure is normal pressure-20 MPa, and the working temperature is normal temperature-500 ℃.
After the runner assembly is completed, the runner assembly needs to be matched with three layers of insulating materials, after the relevant sizes of the three layers of insulating materials are strictly controlled, a lower bearing shell, a first insulating layer (an edge insulating block 2 and side insulating blocks 1 and 2), the runner assembly, a second insulating layer and a third insulating layer (a central insulating block, insulating materials in the edge insulating block 1 are assembled in a segmented mode, particularly insulating materials between runners) can be sequentially installed, the bearing shell is installed after the runner assembly is completed, and fastening bolts are screwed down. The specific installation mode is as follows:
the side insulating blocks 2, the side insulating blocks 1 and the side insulating blocks 2 are arranged on the ground and the side surfaces in the lower pressure-bearing shell;
a channel 2, a central insulating block (a second insulating layer) and a channel 1 are sequentially arranged in the first insulating layer;
an edge insulating block 1 is arranged at the top of the channel 1;
and finally, the upper pressure bearing shell and the lower pressure bearing shell are correspondingly buckled and connected through the fastening bolts, so that the pressure of the pressure bearing shell on all parts in the space is ensured.
The experimental device of the embodiment further comprises an inlet pipeline and an outlet pipeline; the inlet pipeline is connected with the inlet header; the outlet pipeline is connected with the outlet header.
The experimental device of the embodiment can be used for experimental study on flow instability of parallel multiple channels (narrow channels or round tubes), can be more closely attached to a prototype parallel multiple channel heat exchanger, can realize experimental study on flow instability of the parallel multiple channels, and can provide quantitative data support for setting thermal safety limit values of the heat exchanger with the parallel multiple channels.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A multi-channel flow instability experimental device for accurately simulating flow resistance is characterized by comprising an inlet header, an outlet header, a flow channel assembly, an insulating layer and a pressure-bearing shell;
the runner assembly and the insulating layer are arranged in the pressure bearing shell;
the flow channel assembly consists of at least two flow channels, one end of the flow channel assembly is embedded into the inlet header through the inlet end cover, and the other end of the flow channel assembly is embedded into the outlet header through the outlet end cover;
the insulating layer is arranged between the runner and is used for insulating the pressure bearing shell and the runner assembly;
the pressure bearing shell is used for bearing the pressure transmitted by the working medium in the flow channel.
2. The multi-channel flow instability experimental device with accurate simulation of flow resistance as recited in claim 1, wherein the insulation layer comprises a first insulation layer, a second insulation layer and a third insulation layer;
the first insulating layer comprises an insulating block layer arranged between the bottom of the runner assembly and the pressure bearing shell and an insulating block layer arranged between the side surface of the runner assembly and the pressure bearing shell;
the second insulating layer comprises an insulating block layer arranged between any two adjacent runners;
the third insulating layer comprises an insulating block layer arranged between the top of the runner assembly and the pressure-bearing shell.
3. The multichannel flow instability experimental apparatus for accurately simulating flow resistance according to claim 2, wherein the pressure-bearing shell comprises an upper pressure-bearing shell and a lower pressure-bearing shell;
the upper pressure bearing shell and the lower pressure bearing shell are fastened and connected through a fastener to form a space for accommodating the runner assembly and the insulating layer.
4. The device for testing the flow instability of a multichannel capable of accurately simulating the flow resistance as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least two of the flow passages are connected with the inlet and outlet end caps in a silver brazing manner, silver brazing filler metal is poured by gravity during welding, and the silver brazing filler metal is exhausted through the exhaust holes to completely fill gaps.
5. The multi-channel flow instability experimental device for accurately simulating the flow resistance as claimed in claim 1, wherein the flow channel assembly, the insulating layer and the pressure-bearing shell are installed in a manner that:
installing the first insulating layer on the ground and the side surface in the lower pressure-bearing shell;
mounting the runner assembly and the second insulating layer within a first insulating layer;
mounting the third insulating layer on top of the runner assembly;
and installing the upper pressure bearing shell downwards from the upper surface of the third insulating layer and correspondingly connecting the upper pressure bearing shell and the lower pressure bearing shell through the fastening piece, thereby ensuring that the pressure bearing shell compresses each part in the space of the pressure bearing shell.
6. The multi-channel flow instability experimental device with accurate simulation of flow resistance as recited in claim 5, wherein the second insulating layer and the third insulating layer are installed in a segmented installation manner.
7. A multi-channel flow instability experimental apparatus for accurately simulating flow resistance according to any of claims 1-6, characterized in that the experimental apparatus further comprises an inlet pipeline and an outlet pipeline;
the inlet pipeline is connected with the inlet header;
the outlet pipeline is connected with the outlet header.
8. A multi-channel flow instability experimental device for accurately simulating flow resistance according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the experimental device is used for experimental study of flow instability of parallel narrow channels or parallel round tubes.
9. A multi-channel flow instability experimental device for accurately simulating flow resistance according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the working medium adopted by the experimental device is water, and the working pressure is as follows: normal pressure to 20MPa, working temperature: normal temperature to 500 ℃.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113551870A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-10-26 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Characterization method and system for influence mechanism of flow instability behavior of parallel channel |
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