CN112554256B - Submarine pipeline lays furrow opener - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a furrow opener for laying submarine pipelines, which is suitable for hard soil and sand seabed furrowing operation with the water depth of 500 meters. The device comprises a drill bit, cutter teeth, a rotating shaft, a mechanical sealing part, a nozzle, an outer shell, an inner rod of a push-pull rod, an outer rod of the push-pull rod, a fixed clamping part, a filter screen, a hose, an inner cylinder, an inner pump fixing seat, a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe, a waterproof motor, a speed reducer and other components, wherein the waterproof motor drives the speed reducer to drive the rotating shaft, the cutter teeth and the drill bit to rotate, a special top bifurcation drill bit is adopted, the breaking capacity is stronger, the push-pull rod controls the operation angle and depth of the furrow opener, seawater pumped by the inner pump is pressurized through the nozzle, high-pressure water can break hard soil and sand blocks and reduce the ditching resistance, and ditching operation is carried out on a seabed in a mechanical and hydraulic impact composite mode. The invention has the advantages of good ditching effect, high working efficiency, stable working state, economy, safety and the like.

Description

Submarine pipeline lays furrow opener

Technical Field

The invention relates to a furrow opener for laying submarine pipelines, which is suitable for hard soil and sand seabed furrowing operation with the water depth of 500 meters, and belongs to the technical field of ocean engineering equipment.

Background

The development of the ocean resources by the human in the 21 st century enters a brand new stage, the development and construction scale of the ocean petroleum is also getting huge, and the laying of submarine pipelines is also getting more and more. From 1985 to today, 47 fields of oil and gas have been built in different sea areas in China, and the total laying amount of submarine pipelines is about 3200km. With the continuous development of new oil fields, the total laying amount of the submarine pipeline of the middle sea oil is greatly increased. The submarine pipeline is an oil and gas conveying tool for connecting an oil well with a platform and a land storage and transportation facility. In order to prevent the submarine pipeline from being damaged, various protection schemes and measures are adopted in engineering, and the most common construction procedure is to provide a groove to embed the pipeline. The economical and effective engineering measures not only can prevent the pipeline from being unstable due to the action of water particle power, but also have the effects of protecting the pipeline from mechanical damage, eliminating or reducing free span, inhibiting the uplift buckling of the pipeline, increasing the thermal insulation effect of the pipeline and the like.

At present, the requirements of ditching operation after newly laying sea pipes in China are vigorous, and the furrow opener is the most critical machine for ditching and laying submarine pipelines, but most of the domestic existing furrow openers belong to products eliminated by foreign countries, so that a plurality of design defects exist, and the working capacity cannot meet the new development requirements of industry. The main problems are: the furrow opener has poor soil breaking effect, the dredging of the pipe ditch after ditching is fast, the conventional ditching operation can be completed only by multiple times of construction, the ditching efficiency is low due to the multiple times of construction, and the operation difficulty is high in a complicated sea area.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of low working efficiency and poor soil breaking effect of the furrow opener in complex sea areas, the invention provides the submarine pipeline laying furrow opener which can excavate grooves with the depth of 1m and the width of 0.6m, and the working efficiency of the furrow opener is greatly improved by adopting a mechanical and hydraulic impact composite mode.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a furrow opener for laying submarine pipeline is composed of drill bit, cutter tooth, rotary axle, mechanical sealing unit, nozzle, external shell, internal rod of push-pull rod, external rod of push-pull rod, fixing rod, filter screen, water inlet pipe, fixing clamp, hose, internal cylinder, internal pump fixing seat, internal cylinder partition plate, water-proof motor, connecting unit, speed reducer and water outlet pipe, and features that said furrow opener is composed of internal cylinder, external shell, drilling unit and power traction four modules, the internal cylinder is welded to external shell, fixing rod and hydraulic push-pull rod are arranged on the upper surface of external shell, two ends of hydraulic push-pull rod are respectively connected with external shell and fixing rod by fixing pins for controlling working angle and depth of machine, one end of fixing rod is connected with external shell by fixing pins, another end of fixing rod is positioned on dragging ship for providing sufficient power source, the rear cavity is provided with an inner pump, the inner pump is welded on the inner cylinder through an inner pump fixing seat, the inner pump is provided with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, wherein the water inlet pipe extends out of the rear side of a fixed rod, is parallel to the fixed rod and extends upwards for a certain distance, is fixed with the fixed rod through a fixed clamping piece, the water inlet pipe is connected with the turning point of the upper surface of the outer shell through a hose, the water inlet pipe can rotate in a small range along with the fixed rod, a filter screen is arranged at the inlet of the water inlet pipe, the water outlet pipe extends forwards to the front wall of the front cavity of the inner cylinder and is distributed in a semicircular shape, a nozzle is uniformly arranged on the semicircular water outlet pipe, the water outlet of the inner pump is pressurized through a one-way nozzle, high-pressure water can clear partial obstruction, a waterproof motor and a speed reducer of the front cavity of the inner cylinder are connected through a connecting component and are clamped in the front cavity of the inner cylinder, a rotor of the speed reducer extends out of the front end of the inner cylinder and is butted with a rotating shaft, and cutter teeth and a drill bit rotate under the driving of the rotating shaft, the cutter tooth comprises cutter tooth base, connecting rod, rake teeth, and cutter tooth base passes through the screw fixation on the rotation axis, and the drill bit welds at the rotation axis front end, and mechanical seal spare is located rotation axis and inner tube front chamber junction to establish rubber seal water proof pad around mechanical seal spare, prevent that sea water from getting into the inner tube and damaging waterproof motor.

Preferably, the drill bit is of a special structure, and the top of the drill bit is bifurcated into three small drill bits;

preferably, the cutter teeth are regularly distributed on the rotating shaft, the diameter of the cutter teeth is changed from front to back, and the section of the connecting rod is in a regular diamond shape in the axial direction;

Preferably, the front and rear of the outer shell are in a divergent mode, and the front wall is provided with a buffer edge, so that the working resistance is reduced;

Preferably, the nozzles are distributed at a certain angle along the circumferential axis and are aligned to the directions of the cutter teeth and the drill bit, and a one-way nozzle is adopted, when the machine does not run, a one-way circulation valve in the nozzle is closed, so that the backflow of seawater is effectively prevented;

The invention provides a furrow opener for laying submarine pipelines, which has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The special drill bit used for the furrow opener improves the crushing capacity of the furrow opener, and greatly improves the excavation efficiency of submarine pipelines;

(2) The drilling part adopts a mechanical and hydraulic impact composite mode, can excavate grooves with the depth of 0.8m and the width of 0.6m, has good ditching effect, integrally adopts a multiple waterproof structure, ensures that the furrow opener can safely and stably operate under severe marine environment, and greatly prolongs the service life of the machine.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic half-section of a subsea pipeline laying furrow opener of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional side view of a subsea pipelaying furrow opener of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a front view of a subsea pipelaying furrow opener of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the drilling portion of the pipelaying shank of the present invention;

In the figure: 1. a drill bit; 2. cutter teeth; 3. a rotation shaft; 4. a mechanical seal; 5. a nozzle; 6. an outer housing; 7. an inner rod of the push-pull rod; 8. an outer rod of the push-pull rod; 9. a fixed rod; 10. a filter screen; 11. a water inlet pipe; 12. a fixing clip; 13. a hose; 14. an inner cylinder; 15. an inner pump; 16. an inner pump fixing seat; 17. an inner cylinder partition; 18. a waterproof motor; 19. a connecting member; 20. a speed reducer; 21. a water outlet pipe;

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings

As shown in the figure, the invention relates to a submarine pipeline laying furrow opener which mainly comprises a drill bit 1, a cutter tooth 2, a rotating shaft 3, a mechanical sealing element 4, a nozzle 5, an outer shell 6, an inner rod 7 of a push-pull rod, an outer rod 8 of the push-pull rod, a fixing rod 9, a filter screen 10, a water inlet pipe 11, a fixing clamp 12, a hose 13, an inner cylinder 14, an inner pump 15, an inner pump fixing seat 16, an inner cylinder partition plate 17, a waterproof motor 18, a connecting component 19, a speed reducer 20 and a water outlet pipe 21, wherein the inner cylinder 14 is divided into a front independent sealing chamber and a rear independent sealing chamber by the inner cylinder partition plate 17, the inner pump 15 is welded on a rear inner cylinder chamber by the inner pump fixing seat 16, the water inlet pipe 11 of the inner pump extends out of the rear side of the fixing rod, is parallel to the fixing rod and extends upwards for a certain distance, the inlet pipe is provided with the filter screen 10, the inner pump water outlet pipe 21 is fixed with the fixing rod 9 by the fixing clamp 12, the nozzle 5 is uniformly arranged on the semi-annular water outlet pipe, the waterproof motor 18 and the decelerator 20 of the front chamber of the inner cylinder are connected through a connecting component 19 and are clamped in the front chamber of the inner cylinder, the rotor of the decelerator extends out from the front end of the inner cylinder and is abutted against the rotating shaft 3, the cutter teeth 2 and the drill bit 1 rotate under the driving of the rotating shaft 3, the cutter teeth 2 fix the cutter teeth base and the rotating shaft through screws, the drill bit 1 is welded at the forefront end of the rotating shaft, the mechanical sealing piece 4 is positioned at the joint of the rotating shaft and the front chamber of the inner cylinder to prevent seawater from entering the inner cylinder to damage the waterproof motor, the inner cylinder 14 is welded with the outer shell 6, the upper surface of the outer shell 6 is provided with a fixed rod 9 and a push-pull rod, the push-pull rod consists of an inner rod 7 of the push-pull rod 8 for adjusting the working angle and the depth of the furrow opener, one end of the fixed rod 9 is connected with the outer shell 6 through a fixed pin, one end of the fixed rod 9 is connected with the ship body, providing sufficient power source for the furrow opener.

The invention is used for carrying out pipeline laying ditching operation on the hard soil sand sea bottom, and comprises the following steps:

Before working, checking the furrow opener, ensuring normal operation of a drilling part, checking the whole tightness, opening a ship body to a specified ditching operation point, fixing a fixed rod and the ship body, lowering the furrow opener to the sea bed surface, starting a power supply to enable an inner pump and a waterproof motor to start working, starting a hydraulic push-pull rod to adjust the angle of a drill bit, tilting downwards to enable the furrow opener to gradually penetrate into the sea bed, slowly adjusting the furrow opener to be in a horizontal state after the drill bit reaches a preset depth, and excavating a pipe laying groove meeting the standard under the action of traction of the fixed rod and hydraulic impact.

The drilling part of the invention adopts a mechanical and hydraulic impact composite mode, can excavate grooves with the depth of 1m and the width of 0.6m, and the special drill bit improves the breaking capacity of the furrow opener, greatly improves the excavating efficiency of submarine pipelines, has good ditching effect, ensures that the furrow opener can stably operate for a long time under severe marine environment by adopting a multiple waterproof structure as a whole, and has long service life.

Claims (2)

1. A submarine pipeline lays furrow opener, its characterized in that: the device consists of a drill bit (1), a cutter tooth (2), a rotating shaft (3), a mechanical sealing part (4), a nozzle (5), an outer shell (6), a push-pull rod inner rod (7), a push-pull rod outer rod (8), a fixed rod (9), a filter screen (10), a water inlet pipe (11), a fixed clamping piece (12), a hose (13), an inner cylinder (14), an inner pump (15), an inner pump fixing seat (16), an inner cylinder partition plate (17), a waterproof motor (18), a connecting component (19), a speed reducer (20) and a water outlet pipe (21), wherein the inner cylinder (14) is divided into a front independent sealing chamber and a rear independent sealing chamber by the inner cylinder partition plate (17), the rear chamber is provided with an inner pump (15), the inner pump (15) is welded on the inner cylinder through the inner pump fixing seat (16), the inner pump (15) is provided with the water inlet pipe (11) and the water outlet pipe (21), wherein the water inlet pipe (11) extends from the rear side of the fixed rod (9) and extends upwards for a distance in parallel to the fixed rod, the semicircular shape is fixed with the fixed rod through the fixed clamping piece (12), the water inlet pipe is provided with the filter screen (10), the water outlet pipe (21) extends forwards to the front wall of the front chamber of the inner cylinder, the rear chamber is provided with the inner pump partition plate (5) and the inner pump is provided with the inner nozzle and the water pressurization part, the waterproof motor (18) and the speed reducer (20) of the inner barrel front cavity are connected through a connecting component (19), the rotor of the speed reducer stretches out from the inner barrel front end and is in butt joint with the rotating shaft, the cutter teeth (2) and the drill bit (1) are driven by the rotating shaft (3) to rotate, the cutter teeth (2) can break up hard soil and sand, the drill bit (1) can reduce working resistance and provide directions for the operation of the furrow opener, the mechanical sealing piece (4) is located at the joint of the rotating shaft (3) and the inner barrel front cavity, seawater is prevented from entering the inner barrel to damage the waterproof motor, the inner barrel (14) is welded with the outer shell (6), the upper surface of the outer shell (6) is provided with a fixed rod (9) and a push-pull rod, the push-pull rod consists of an inner rod (7) and an outer rod (8) for adjusting the working angle and the working depth of the furrow opener, one end of the fixed rod (9) is connected with the outer shell (6) through a fixed pin, one end of the drill bit is connected with a ship body, the drill bit (1) is bifurcated into three small drill bits by adopting a special structure, and the front and back of the outer shell (6) is provided with a drag reducing edge.

2. A subsea pipelaying furrow opener according to claim 1, characterized in that: the nozzles (5) are positioned on the front wall surface of the outer shell (6), are distributed at a certain angle along the circumferential direction towards the axle center, are aligned to the cutter teeth (2) and the drill bit (1) for spraying, and reduce the ditching resistance.