CN112526415A - Linear frequency modulation signal-based magnetic shielding coefficient rapid measurement method and device - Google Patents
Linear frequency modulation signal-based magnetic shielding coefficient rapid measurement method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
According to the method and the device for rapidly measuring the magnetic shielding coefficient based on the linear frequency modulation signal, the three-axis magnetic field coil is arranged, and the linear frequency modulation signal is input into the three-axis magnetic field coil through the function generator, so that the uniform magnetic field with fixed magnetic field amplitude, linear change of magnetic field frequency along with time and fixed direction is generated, the magnetic shielding coefficients under different frequencies can be measured in a short time, the magnetic field amplitude of the uniform magnetic field can be changed by changing the amplitude of the linear frequency modulation signal, the magnetic shielding coefficients of the magnetic shielding system under different magnetic field environments and different frequencies can be rapidly measured in a short time, the measurement efficiency is greatly improved, and the measurement precision is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method and a device for quickly measuring a magnetic shielding coefficient based on a linear frequency modulation signal, belonging to the field of magnetic shielding and magnetic field precision measurement.
Background
The stable magnetic field environment is an important guarantee for realizing the ultra-high precision magnetic field measurement. Because of the presence of geomagnetic field and its fluctuation in the general environment, and electromagnetic interference of various amplitudes and frequencies caused by power electronic devices, etc., high-performance magnetic shielding devices are required to shield these external magnetic fields, thereby creating a stable magnetic field environment. In ultra-high precision magnetic field measurement, the permalloy magnetic shielding cylinder is a common high-performance magnetic shielding device. However, because permalloy materials have different magnetic conductivities at different frequencies and different magnetic field amplitudes, the magnetic shielding coefficient of the permalloy magnetic shielding barrel changes along with the change of the magnetic field frequency and the magnetic field amplitude, and a stable magnetic field environment cannot be obtained.
The conventional magnetic shielding coefficient measuring method is to measure the static shielding coefficient of the permalloy magnetic shielding cylinder under the condition that a single magnetic field amplitude is applied to a coil, or directly use a phase-locked amplifier to measure the dynamic magnetic shielding coefficients of a plurality of frequency points of the permalloy magnetic shielding cylinder, the performance of a magnetic shielding system is difficult to be completely reflected by the measuring method, a large amount of time is consumed for measuring the magnetic fields with different amplitudes and frequencies, the measuring result of a measuring instrument is generally stable only in a short time in actual measurement, namely the measuring time is prolonged, the measuring drift error can be caused to be generated, and the longer the time is, the larger the generated drift error is.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a device for rapidly measuring magnetic shielding coefficients based on linear frequency modulation signals, wherein the linear frequency modulation signals are input into a triaxial magnetic field coil through a function generator to generate a uniform magnetic field with fixed magnetic field amplitude and linearly changed magnetic field frequency along with time, the magnetic shielding coefficients under different frequencies can be measured in a short time, the magnetic field amplitude of the uniform magnetic field can be changed by changing the amplitude of the linear frequency modulation signals, and the magnetic shielding coefficients under different frequencies and different amplitudes can be further measured in a short time, so that the performance of magnetic shielding equipment to be measured can be more comprehensively reflected.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a magnetic shielding coefficient rapid measurement method based on a linear frequency modulation signal comprises the following steps:
s1, setting a three-axis magnetic field coil, inputting a linear frequency modulation signal into the three-axis magnetic field coil through a function generator, and enabling the three-axis magnetic field coil to generate a uniform magnetic field with fixed magnetic field amplitude value | B | and fixed magnetic field frequency (linearly changing along with time and the direction being the direction of an x axis);
s2, measuring the internal magnetic field amplitude B' of the magnetic shielding equipment to be measured through the high dynamic fluxgate magnetometer;
s3, the magnetic shielding coefficient S under the fixed amplitude is the ratio of the magnetic field amplitude | B | of the uniform magnetic field to the internal magnetic field amplitude B', namely
Preferably, the method for rapidly measuring the magnetic shielding coefficient based on the chirp signal further comprises the following steps:
and S4, changing the amplitude of the linear frequency modulation signal input into the triaxial magnetic field coil by the function generator in S1, exponentially increasing the magnetic field amplitude | B | of the uniform magnetic field, repeating S2-S3 to obtain the x-axis magnetic shielding coefficient of the magnetic shielding equipment to be detected under different magnetic field amplitudes, and further obtaining the functional relation between the x-axis magnetic shielding coefficient and the magnetic field amplitude and the magnetic field frequency of the uniform magnetic field.
Preferably, the method for rapidly measuring the magnetic shielding coefficient based on the chirp signal further comprises the following steps:
s5, changing the direction of the uniform magnetic field in S1 into the y direction and/or the z direction, repeating the steps S2-S4, and respectively obtaining the function relation between the y-axis magnetic shielding coefficient or the z-axis magnetic shielding coefficient and the magnetic field amplitude and the magnetic field frequency of the uniform magnetic field.
Preferably, in S1, the three-axis magnetic field coils include Lee-Whiting coils capable of generating a magnetic field in the x-axis direction and saddle coils capable of generating a magnetic field in the y-axis and z-axis directions.
Preferably, in S2, the internal magnetic field amplitude B' measured by the high dynamic fluxgate magnetometer is a magnetic field amplitude of the uniform magnetic field that is constant for a certain period T. .
Preferably, in S4, the magnetic field amplitude B of the uniform magnetic field is exponentially increased, specifically, the magnetic field amplitude | B | of the uniform magnetic field is set to 10nT-105In the nT range, lg | B | ═ nlg10 is satisfied, where n is 1,2,3,4, 5.
Preferably, the chirp signal is a signal whose signal frequency varies linearly with time, and its expression in the time domain is:
wherein A is the signal amplitude, fGet upAs the starting frequency, fFinal (a Chinese character of 'gan')For the termination frequency, T is the signal duration;
frequency domain image total existing frequency f of the linear frequency modulation signal1To f2Flat interval in between, the initial frequency f of the magnetic field signal should be satisfied in the actual measurementGet upAnd a termination frequency fFinal (a Chinese character of 'gan')Within said flat interval, i.e. f1>fGet up,f2<fFinal (a Chinese character of 'gan')。
Preferably, the magnetic field amplitude B of the uniform magnetic field generated by the three-axis magnetic field coil and the internal magnetic field amplitude B' detected by the high dynamic fluxgate magnetometer are both time domain signals, and the magnetic shielding coefficients should be calculated after performing fast fourier transform on the time domain signals.
The utility model provides a magnetic screen coefficient rapid survey device based on linear frequency modulation signal, include triaxial magnetic field coil, with function generator that triaxial magnetic field coil links to each other and the magnetic screen equipment that awaits measuring that embeds there is high dynamic flux gate magnetometer, the magnetic screen equipment that awaits measuring is arranged in the even magnetic field that triaxial magnetic field coil produced.
Preferably, the tri-axial magnetic field coil comprises a Lee-Whiting coil generating a magnetic field in an x-axis direction and a saddle coil capable of generating a magnetic field in y-axis and z-axis directions, and the high dynamic fluxgate magnetometer comprises a Mag-03 fluxgate magnetometer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: according to the method and the device for rapidly measuring the magnetic shielding coefficient based on the linear frequency modulation signal, the three-axis magnetic field coil is arranged, and the linear frequency modulation signal is input into the three-axis magnetic field coil through the function generator, so that the uniform magnetic field with fixed magnetic field amplitude, linear change of magnetic field frequency along with time and fixed direction is generated, the magnetic shielding coefficients under different frequencies can be measured in a short time, the magnetic field amplitude of the uniform magnetic field can be changed by changing the amplitude of the linear frequency modulation signal, the magnetic shielding coefficients of the magnetic shielding system under different magnetic field environments and different frequencies can be rapidly measured in a short time, the measurement efficiency is greatly improved, and the measurement precision is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a magnetic shielding coefficient rapid measurement method based on a linear frequency modulation signal;
FIG. 2 is a frequency domain diagram of a chirp signal in the magnetic shielding coefficient fast measurement method based on the chirp signal of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the magnetic shielding coefficient rapid measuring device based on the chirp signal.
The reference numbers in the figures are: the method comprises the following steps of 1-a three-axis magnetic field coil, 2-to-be-detected magnetic shielding equipment, 3-a high-dynamic fluxgate magnetometer and 4-a function generator.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to specific examples and comparative examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a flow chart of a method for rapidly measuring a magnetic shielding coefficient based on a chirp signal according to the present invention includes the following steps: s1, providing the three-axis magnetic field coil 1 shown in the figure 3, wherein the three-axis magnetic field coil 1 comprises a Lee-Whiting coil capable of generating a magnetic field in the x-axis direction and a saddle-shaped coil capable of generating a magnetic field in the y-axis and the z-axis directions; inputting a linear frequency modulation signal into the Lee-Whiting coil of the three-axis magnetic field coil 1 through a function generator 4, so that a uniform magnetic field with the magnetic field amplitude being fixed to be | B |, the magnetic field frequency changing linearly along with time and the direction being the x-axis direction is generated; the chirp signal is a signal whose signal frequency varies linearly with time, and its expression in the time domain is:
wherein A is the signal amplitude, fGet upAs the starting frequency, fFinal (a Chinese character of 'gan')For the termination frequency, T is the signal duration;
frequency domain image total existing frequency f of the linear frequency modulation signal1To f2Flat interval in between, the initial frequency f of the magnetic field signal should be satisfied in the actual measurementGet upAnd a termination frequency fFinal (a Chinese character of 'gan')Within said flat interval, i.e. f1>fGet up,f2<fFinal (a Chinese character of 'gan')。
Placing a magnetic shielding device 2 to be tested, which is internally provided with a Mag-03 high dynamic fluxgate magnetometer 3, in the uniform magnetic field; the axial direction of the magnetic shielding device 2 to be tested is coincided with the x-axis direction, and the end surface or the axial section of the magnetic shielding device 2 to be tested is coincided with the plane determined by the y-axis direction and the z-axis direction.
S2, measuring the internal magnetic field amplitude B' of the magnetic shielding equipment 2 to be measured through the Mag-03 high dynamic fluxgate magnetometer 3; the internal magnetic field amplitude B' is the magnetic field amplitude of the uniform magnetic field that is constant over a certain time period T.
S3, the magnetic shielding coefficient S under the fixed amplitude is the ratio of the magnetic field amplitude | B | of the uniform magnetic field to the internal magnetic field amplitude B', namelyThe magnetic field amplitude B of the uniform magnetic field generated by the three-axis magnetic field coil 1 and the internal magnetic field amplitude B' detected by the high dynamic fluxgate magnetometer 3 are both time domain signals, and the time domain signals are subjected to fast Fourier transform and then the magnetic shielding coefficient S is calculated;
preferably, the method for rapidly measuring the magnetic shielding coefficient based on the chirp signal further comprises a step S4 of changing the amplitude of the chirp signal inputted from the function generator 4 to the interior of the three-axis magnetic field coil 1 in S1 to exponentially increase the magnetic field amplitude | B | of the uniform magnetic field even if the magnetic field amplitude | B | of the uniform magnetic field is within 10nT-5-nT, wherein lg | B | ═ nlg10, where n is 1,2,3,4, 5; and repeating S2-S3 to obtain 101nT、102nT、103nT、104nT、105And under the magnetic field amplitude of nT, obtaining the x axial magnetic shielding coefficient of the magnetic shielding equipment 2 to be detected, and further obtaining the functional relation between the x axial magnetic shielding coefficient and the magnetic field amplitude and the magnetic field frequency of the uniform magnetic field.
Preferably, the method for rapidly measuring the magnetic shielding coefficient based on the chirp signal further comprises a step S5, in which the direction of the uniform magnetic field in S1 is changed to the y direction, that is, the chirp signal is input into the saddle coil of the three-axis magnetic field coil 1 through the function generator 4, so that the uniform magnetic field with a fixed magnetic field amplitude and a linearly changing magnetic field frequency with time and with the direction of the y axis direction is generated; repeating the steps S2-S4 to obtain the functional relation between the y-axis magnetic shielding coefficient and the magnetic field amplitude and the magnetic field frequency of the uniform magnetic field; and/or changing the direction of the uniform magnetic field in the S1 to the z direction, that is, inputting a chirp signal into the saddle coil of the three-axis magnetic field coil 1 through the function generator 4, so that the uniform magnetic field with a fixed magnetic field amplitude and a linear change of magnetic field frequency with time and with the direction of the z-axis direction is generated; and repeating the steps S2-S4 to obtain the functional relation between the z-axis magnetic shielding coefficient and the magnetic field amplitude and the magnetic field frequency of the uniform magnetic field.
Example 2
The utility model provides a magnetic screen coefficient rapid survey device based on chirp signal, as shown in figure 3, including triaxial magnetic field coil 1, with function generator 4 that triaxial magnetic field coil 1 links to each other and the magnetic screen equipment 2 that awaits measuring that embeds there is high dynamic flux gate magnetometer 3, the magnetic screen equipment 2 that awaits measuring is arranged in the even magnetic field that triaxial magnetic field coil 1 produced. The three-axis magnetic field coil 1 comprises a Lee-Whiting coil capable of generating a magnetic field in the x-axis direction and a saddle-shaped coil capable of generating a magnetic field in the y-axis direction and the z-axis direction, and the high-dynamic fluxgate magnetometer 4 comprises a Mag-03 fluxgate magnetometer. And measuring the magnetic shielding coefficient of the magnetic shielding equipment to be measured by adopting the magnetic shielding coefficient rapid measuring method based on the linear frequency modulation signal.
Preferably, the magnetic shielding device 2 to be tested is a permalloy magnetic shielding cylinder.
It should be noted that the above-described embodiments may enable those skilled in the art to more fully understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any way. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A magnetic shielding coefficient rapid measurement method based on a linear frequency modulation signal is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, setting a three-axis magnetic field coil, inputting a linear frequency modulation signal into the three-axis magnetic field coil through a function generator, and enabling the three-axis magnetic field coil to generate a uniform magnetic field with fixed magnetic field amplitude value | B | and fixed magnetic field frequency (linearly changing along with time and the direction being the direction of an x axis);
s2, measuring the internal magnetic field amplitude B' of the magnetic shielding equipment to be measured through the high dynamic fluxgate magnetometer;
2. The method for rapidly measuring the magnetic shielding coefficient based on the chirp signals according to claim 1, further comprising the following steps:
and S4, changing the amplitude of the linear frequency modulation signal input into the triaxial magnetic field coil by the function generator in S1, exponentially increasing the magnetic field amplitude | B | of the uniform magnetic field, repeating S2-S3 to obtain the x-axis magnetic shielding coefficient of the magnetic shielding equipment to be detected under different magnetic field amplitudes, and further obtaining the functional relation between the x-axis magnetic shielding coefficient and the magnetic field amplitude and the magnetic field frequency of the uniform magnetic field.
3. The method for rapidly measuring the magnetic shielding coefficient based on the chirp signal according to claim 2, further comprising the following steps:
s5, changing the direction of the uniform magnetic field in S1 into the y direction and/or the z direction, repeating the steps S2-S4, and respectively obtaining the function relation between the y-axis magnetic shielding coefficient or the z-axis magnetic shielding coefficient and the magnetic field amplitude and the magnetic field frequency of the uniform magnetic field.
4. The method for rapidly measuring magnetic shielding coefficient based on chirp signals according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in S1, the three-axis magnetic field coils comprise a Lee-Whiting coil capable of generating a magnetic field in the x-axis direction and a saddle coil capable of generating a magnetic field in the y-axis and z-axis directions.
5. The method for rapidly measuring magnetic shielding coefficient based on chirp signals as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in step S2, the internal magnetic field amplitude B' measured by the high dynamic fluxgate magnetometer is a magnetic field amplitude of the uniform magnetic field that is constant for a certain period of time T. .
6. The method for rapidly measuring magnetic shielding coefficient based on chirp signals according to claim 2 or 3, wherein in step S4, the magnetic field amplitude B of the uniform magnetic field is exponentially increased, specifically, the magnetic field amplitude | B | of the uniform magnetic field is within 10nT-105In the nT range, lg | B | ═ nlg10 is satisfied, where n is 1,2,3,4, 5.
7. Method for the fast measurement of the coefficient of magnetic shielding based on a chirp signal according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the chirp signal is a signal whose signal frequency varies linearly with time and whose expression in the time domain is:
wherein A is the signal amplitude, fGet upAs the starting frequency, fFinal (a Chinese character of 'gan')For the termination frequency, T is the signal duration;
frequency domain image total existing frequency f of the linear frequency modulation signal1To f2Flat interval in between, the initial frequency f of the magnetic field signal should be satisfied in the actual measurementGet upAnd a termination frequency fFinal (a Chinese character of 'gan')Within said flat interval, i.e. f1>fGet up,f2<fFinal (a Chinese character of 'gan')。
8. The method for rapidly measuring the magnetic shielding coefficient based on the linear frequency modulation signal according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the magnetic field amplitude B of the uniform magnetic field generated by the three-axis magnetic field coil and the internal magnetic field amplitude B' detected by the high dynamic fluxgate magnetometer are both time domain signals, and the fast Fourier transform is performed on the time domain signals before the magnetic shielding coefficient is calculated.
9. The utility model provides a magnetic screen coefficient rapid survey device based on linear frequency modulation signal which characterized in that, including triaxial magnetic field coil, with function generator that triaxial magnetic field coil links to each other and the magnetic screen equipment that awaits measuring that embeds there is high dynamic flux gate magnetometer, the magnetic screen equipment that awaits measuring is arranged in the even magnetic field that triaxial magnetic field coil produced.
10. The apparatus for rapidly measuring magnetic shielding coefficient based on chirp signals according to claim 9, wherein the three-axis magnetic field coils comprise a Lee-Whiting coil generating a magnetic field in an x-axis direction and a saddle coil generating magnetic fields in y-and z-axes directions, and the high dynamic fluxgate magnetometer comprises a Mag-03 fluxgate magnetometer.
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CN116413646A (en) * | 2023-02-23 | 2023-07-11 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Magnetic shielding equipment magnetic permeability measuring device |
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