CN112439856A - Hot extrusion method for forging blank - Google Patents
Hot extrusion method for forging blank Download PDFInfo
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- CN112439856A CN112439856A CN202110009033.2A CN202110009033A CN112439856A CN 112439856 A CN112439856 A CN 112439856A CN 202110009033 A CN202110009033 A CN 202110009033A CN 112439856 A CN112439856 A CN 112439856A
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- forging
- blank
- die
- hot extrusion
- lower die
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
- B21J5/025—Closed die forging
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
- B21J13/03—Die mountings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of forging hot extrusion processes, in particular to a hot extrusion method of a forging blank, which comprises the following steps: s1, preparation, preheating and heating of a forging blank: selecting a forging blank to be subjected to forging hot extrusion processing, preheating the blank before the forging hot extrusion processing, and heating the forging blank after preheating; s2, forging blank making and pre-forging: making the blank in the S1 on a 3000KN hydraulic press; s3, forging, hot extrusion finish forging: when the press machine moves downwards, the punch is controlled to press on the upper fixed plate, so that the upper fixed plate pushes the upper die to press the lower die, finish forging hot extrusion is carried out on a forging stock arranged between the upper die and the lower die, and a blank is extruded downwards from a left die and a right die which are arranged on the lower die under the extrusion of the upper die; and S4, demolding of the forged hot extrusion blank. According to the invention, because the forging hot extrusion die is designed to be matched with the upper die, the left die and the right die, the blank can be discharged from the side surface, the operation is convenient and fast, and the lower die does not need to be provided with the draft angle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forging hot extrusion processes, in particular to a hot extrusion method for a forging blank.
Background
There are many kinds of processes for forging, including hot extrusion, which is a common process in forging, and this process is mainly used to make long, rod, pipe, section bar, etc. with common uniform cross section. When the extrusion is carried out again, the blank is put into the extrusion cylinder, and under the action of the extrusion rod, when the pressure exceeds the resistance of the material, the blank deforms through the die hole, so that the shape of the required workpiece is obtained. But the requirement of the die is high, and the surface roughness of the hot workpiece is also large.
In the process of forging and hot extrusion of a forge piece by utilizing a forming die, the existing forming die is oppositely arranged up and down due to an upper die and a lower die, and a frame is not arranged on the periphery of the lower die, so that the position deviation of the upper die during downward extrusion is easily caused, the forming quality is influenced, the demoulding stroke of the traditional forming die is long, and the forming efficiency is reduced.
Therefore, we propose a method of hot extrusion of a forged blank to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a hot extrusion method for a forging blank.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for hot extrusion of a forged blank, comprising the steps of:
s1 preparation, preheating and heating of forging blank
Selecting a forging blank to be subjected to forging hot extrusion processing, preheating the blank before the forging hot extrusion processing, and heating the forging blank after preheating;
s2 forged blank making and pre-forging
Making the blank in the S1 on a 3000KN hydraulic press;
the pre-forging is carried out on a 4000KN hydraulic press by adopting closed die forging and composite extrusion, and the difficulty and the deformation resistance of finish forging forming are reduced by the pre-forging;
s3 forged Hot extrusion finish forging
When finish forging is carried out, special forging equipment is adopted and comprises a guide frame, guide rods, an upper die and a lower die, wherein the upper die and the lower die are arranged oppositely up and down;
selecting a JB31-160 press, controlling a punch to press on an upper fixed plate when the press descends, enabling the upper fixed plate to push an upper die to press to a lower die, carrying out finish forging hot extrusion on a forging blank arranged between the upper die and the lower die, and enabling a blank to be extruded downwards from a left die and a right die which are arranged in the lower die under the extrusion of the upper die;
s4 demolding of forged hot-extruded blank
Grip the welded handle of anchorage bar one end, control the anchorage bar spiral and rotate to the fixed block to on extending to the guide frame, make fixed block and guide frame establish stable connection, under the joining action of last mould fixed plate, drive mould and guide frame rebound, then control left mould and right mould separation, realize the drawing of patterns ejection of compact of blank, obtain forging hot extrusion blank.
Preferably, the special forging equipment further comprises a lower die base plate, a fastening rod and a handle, and the lower die base plate is arranged below the left die and the right die.
Preferably, four guide rods are welded at the bottom of the upper fixed plate and vertically inserted into the fixed block.
Preferably, two lower die seat plates are arranged at the bottoms of the left die and the right die.
Preferably, the cross section of the guide frame is in a shape of 'return'.
Preferably, the preheating temperature of the blank in the S1 is 800 ℃.
Preferably, the heating temperature of the blank in the S1 is 1200 ℃.
Preferably, the finish forging temperature of the hot extrusion finish forging of the forging in S3 is 800 ℃.
Preferably, the outer surface of the blank in S1 is uniformly coated with a lubricant, which plays a role in lubrication and prevention of oxidation and cracking during the forming process.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, through the arrangement of the guide frame, the integral balance of the upper die can be ensured when the upper die moves downwards, the position deviation in the moving process of the upper die is avoided, and the guide frame plays a role in guiding the movement of the upper die.
2. According to the invention, because the forging hot extrusion die is designed to be matched with the upper die, the left die and the right die, the blank can be discharged from the side surface, the operation is convenient and fast, and the lower die does not need to be provided with the draft angle.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a hot extrusion method for forging a blank according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a hot extrusion method for forging a blank according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1 lower mould seat board, 2 left moulds, 3 guide frames, 4 guide rods, 5 fastening rods, 6 handles, 7 upper mould fixed plates, 8 fixed blocks, 9 upper moulds and 10 right moulds.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Example (b): referring to fig. 1-2, a method of hot extrusion of a forged blank comprises the steps of: s1 preparation, preheating and heating of forging blank
Selecting a forging blank needing forging hot extrusion processing, preheating the blank before forging hot extrusion, wherein the preheating temperature of the blank is 800 ℃, heating the blank to the temperature required by forging hot extrusion after preheating, wherein the heating temperature is 1200 ℃, uniformly coating a lubricant on the outer surface of the blank, and playing roles of lubricating, preventing oxidation and cracking in the forming process;
s2 forged blank making and pre-forging
The blank in the S1 is made on a 3000KN hydraulic press, the pre-forging is performed on a 4000KN hydraulic press by adopting closed die forging and composite extrusion, and the pre-forging reduces the difficulty and the deformation resistance of finish forging forming;
s3 forged Hot extrusion finish forging
During finish forging, special forging equipment is adopted, the special forging equipment comprises a guide frame 3, guide rods 4, an upper die 9 and a lower die, the upper die 9 and the lower die are arranged oppositely up and down, the guide frame 3 is arranged outside the upper die 9 and the lower die, fixing blocks 8 are welded on the outer walls of the guide frames 3 positioned on two sides of the upper die 9, the guide rods 4 are in plug-in fit with the fixing blocks 8, and bolts 31 are arranged on the guide frames 3 positioned on two sides of the lower die;
selecting a JB31-160 press, controlling a punch to press on an upper fixed plate 7 when the press descends, enabling the upper fixed plate 7 to push an upper die 9 to press towards a lower die, and carrying out finish forging hot extrusion on a forging blank arranged between the upper die 9 and the lower die, wherein the finish forging temperature of finish forging of the hot extrusion finish forging of the forging is 800 ℃, so that a blank is extruded downwards from a left die 2 and a right die 10 which are included in the lower die under the extrusion of the upper die 9;
s4 demolding of forged hot-extruded blank
Grip 5 one end welded handle 6 of anchorage bar, control 5 spiral rotations to the fixed block 8 in to extend to on the guide frame 3, make fixed block 8 and guide frame 3 establish stable connection, under the joining action of last mould fixed plate 7, drive and go up mould 9 and guide frame 3 rebound, then control left mould 2 and the separation of right mould 10, realize the drawing of patterns ejection of compact of blank, obtain and forge hot extrusion blank.
The special forging equipment further comprises a lower die seat plate 1, a fastening rod 5 and a handle 6, the lower die seat plate 1 is arranged below a left die 2 and a right die 10, four guide rods 4 are welded at the bottom of an upper fixed plate 7, the guide rods 4 are vertically inserted into a fixed block 8, the bottom of the left die 2 and the bottom of the right die 10 are provided with two lower die seat plates 1, and the cross section of a guide frame 3 is in a 'return' shape.
Specifically, in the process of forging and hot-extruding a blank, an upper die 9 moves downwards along a guide frame 3 to perform hot-extruding processing on a casting blank arranged among the upper die 9, a left die 2 and a right die 10, and the guide frame 3 can ensure that the whole upper die 9 is balanced when the upper die 9 moves downwards, avoid position deviation in the process of moving the upper die 9 and play a role in guiding the movement of the upper die 9;
after hot extrusion molding, the holding handle 6 controls the fastening rod 5 to move, so that the guide rod 4, the fixing block 8 and the guide frame 3 are controlled to establish a stable connection relation under the limit of the fastening rod 5, when the upper die fixing plate 7 drives the upper die 9 to move upwards, the fixing block 8 and the guide frame 3 can be driven to move along, the left die 2 and the right die 10 are separated from the limit of the guide frame 3, and after the left die 2 and the right die 10 are separated from each other, the blank after hot extrusion molding is demolded, the structure is simple, the operation is convenient, and the demolding efficiency is high;
and because of forging hot extrusion die design for go up the cooperation of mould 9 with left mould 2 and right mould 10, can realize the ejection of compact of blank edgewise, the simple operation, and the lower mould need not to set up the draft.
Those not described in detail in this specification are within the skill of the art.
The standard parts used in the invention can be purchased from the market, the special-shaped parts can be customized according to the description of the specification and the accompanying drawings, the specific connection mode of each part adopts conventional means such as bolts, rivets, welding and the like mature in the prior art, the machines, the parts and equipment adopt conventional models in the prior art, and the circuit connection adopts the conventional connection mode in the prior art, so that the detailed description is omitted.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for hot extrusion of a forged blank, comprising the steps of:
s1 preparation, preheating and heating of forging blank
Selecting a forging blank to be subjected to forging hot extrusion processing, preheating the blank before the forging hot extrusion processing, and heating the forging blank after preheating;
s2 forged blank making and pre-forging
Making the blank in the S1 on a 3000KN hydraulic press;
the pre-forging is carried out on a 4000KN hydraulic press by adopting closed die forging and composite extrusion, and the difficulty and the deformation resistance of finish forging forming are reduced by the pre-forging;
s3 forged Hot extrusion finish forging
When finish forging is carried out, special forging equipment is adopted and comprises a guide frame (3), guide rods (4), an upper die (9) and a lower die, the upper die (9) and the lower die are arranged oppositely up and down, the guide frames (3) are arranged outside the upper die (9) and the lower die, fixing blocks (8) are welded on the outer walls of the guide frames (3) on the two sides of the upper die (9), the guide rods (4) are inserted and matched on the fixing blocks (8), and bolts (31) are arranged on the guide frames (3) on the two sides of the lower die;
selecting a JB31-160 press, controlling a punch to press on an upper fixed plate (7) when the press descends, enabling the upper fixed plate (7) to push an upper die (9) to press towards a lower die, carrying out finish forging hot extrusion on a forging stock arranged between the upper die (9) and the lower die, and enabling a blank to be extruded downwards from a left die (2) and a right die (10) which are arranged in the lower die under the extrusion of the upper die (9);
s4 demolding of forged hot-extruded blank
Grip fastening rod (5) one end welded handle (6), control fastening rod (5) spiral rotation is to in fixed block (8), and extend to on guide frame (3), make fixed block (8) establish stable connection with guide frame (3), under the joining action of last die fixing plate (7), mould (9) and guide frame (3) rebound in the drive, then control left mould (2) and right mould (10) separation, realize the drawing of patterns ejection of compact of blank, obtain and forge hot extrusion blank.
2. The method for hot extrusion of a forging blank as set forth in claim 1, wherein the dedicated forging apparatus further comprises a lower die holder plate (1), a fastening bar (5) and a handle (6), and the lower die holder plate (1) is disposed below the left die (2) and the right die (10).
3. A method for hot extrusion of a forging blank according to claim 1, wherein four guide rods (4) are welded to the bottom of the upper fixed plate (7) and the guide rods (4) are vertically inserted in the fixed block (8).
4. A method of hot extrusion of a forging blank according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the left die (2) and the right die (10) is provided with two lower die bed plates (1).
5. A method of hot extrusion of a forging blank according to claim 1, wherein the cross-section of the guide frame (3) is "back" shaped.
6. The method of hot extrusion of a wrought blank according to claim 1, wherein the blank pre-heating temperature in S1 is 800 ℃.
7. The method of hot extrusion of a wrought blank according to claim 1, wherein the billet heating temperature in S1 is 1200 ℃.
8. The method of hot extrusion of a forging blank as set forth in claim 1, wherein the finish forging temperature of the hot extrusion finish forging forged in S3 is 800 ℃.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the billet of S1 has a uniform lubricant coating on its outer surface for lubrication and prevention of oxidation and cracking during forming.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110009033.2A CN112439856A (en) | 2021-01-05 | 2021-01-05 | Hot extrusion method for forging blank |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110009033.2A CN112439856A (en) | 2021-01-05 | 2021-01-05 | Hot extrusion method for forging blank |
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| CN112439856A true CN112439856A (en) | 2021-03-05 |
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| CN202110009033.2A Pending CN112439856A (en) | 2021-01-05 | 2021-01-05 | Hot extrusion method for forging blank |
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| CN109317590A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-02-12 | 中国航发南方工业有限公司 | The forming method of Complex Aluminum Alloy casing forging |
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2021
- 2021-01-05 CN CN202110009033.2A patent/CN112439856A/en active Pending
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Application publication date: 20210305 |