Electric water-air dual-purpose propeller
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of propellers, and particularly relates to an electric water-air dual-purpose propeller.
Background
The water-air amphibious cross-domain aircraft is a new concept aircraft which can navigate in an underwater environment and fly in the air, and can greatly expand the operation range and the application field. In order to realize the navigation functions of the water-air amphibious cross-domain aircraft in two media, namely underwater and air, a propeller with underwater and air operation functions is needed. However, due to the different characteristics of density, viscosity and the like of water and air, propeller design methods are also greatly different, and the requirements on the output characteristics of propeller driving motors are greatly different. For the same propeller, the motor is required to have high rotating speed and small torque in the air, and the motor is required to have low rotating speed and large output torque when being propelled underwater, so that the same set of motor can hardly meet the operation requirements in the air and the water at the same time. The dual-purpose propeller of water-air that adopts same screw needs two kinds of operating characteristics's motor to realize the high-efficient propulsion in the air and under water, and it is rotatory to avoid high-speed motor operation to drive low-speed motor simultaneously, because can increase high-speed motor's load on the one hand like this, on the other hand can make low-speed motor line reverse electromotive force increase by a wide margin, can produce destructive influence to machine controller. Meanwhile, the water-air dual-purpose propeller also needs to have higher integration level and compactness, reduce the weight of the propeller and improve the thrust-weight ratio and the system reliability of the propeller.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides an electric water-air dual-purpose propeller. The propeller adopts the scheme that the outer rotor motor and the rim motor drive the same propeller, meets the propelling requirements under water and in the air, and has the characteristics of compact structure, light weight, high reliability and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an electric water-air dual-purpose propeller comprises an outer rotor motor, a rim motor, a propeller, a stator support, a one-way clutch mechanism and a propeller mounting rack, wherein the outer rotor motor is connected with the propeller mounting rack through the stator support; when the propeller works in the air, the outer rotor motor drives the propeller to rotate, and the one-way clutch mechanism and the propeller are in a disengaged state; when the underwater propeller works underwater, the rim motor drives the propeller to rotate, and the one-way clutch mechanism and the propeller are in a meshed state.
The one-way clutch mechanism comprises a plurality of clutch rollers, the clutch rollers are respectively accommodated in a plurality of grooves formed in the inner side of a rim rotor of the rim motor along the circumferential direction, and wedge angles for enabling the radial depth of the grooves to be shallow are formed in the edges of the grooves; when the outer rotor motor drives the propeller to rotate at a high speed, the clutch roller is positioned at the large end of the groove, and the rim rotor and the propeller are in a disengaged state; when the rim motor drives the propeller to rotate, the clutch roller enters the small end of the groove under the driving of the rim rotor, and the rim rotor and the propeller are in a meshed state, so that the rim rotor drives the propeller to rotate at a low speed.
The radial depth of the groove becomes gradually deeper along the rotation direction of the propeller.
The rim motor comprises a rim shell, a rim end cover, a rim front bearing, a rim rotor, a rim stator, rim magnetic steel, a rim magnetic yoke and a rim rear bearing, wherein the rim shell is connected with the stator support, the rim stator is fixed in the rim shell in an interference fit mode, the front end and the rear end of the rim rotor are respectively supported by the rim front bearing and the rim rear bearing, the rim end cover is fixed on the rim shell and is used for supporting the rim front bearing, the rim rear bearing passes through the stator support, the rim magnetic steel is pasted on the rim magnetic yoke, the rim magnetic yoke is sleeved on the rim rotor, and the inner side of the rim rotor is provided with a groove for containing the one-way clutch mechanism.
And the stator and the rotor of the outer rotor motor, the rim stator, the rim magnetic steel and the rim magnetic yoke are encapsulated by epoxy resin.
And the front end of the rim motor is provided with a front flow guiding cover connected with the rim end cover.
The rear end of the rim motor is provided with a rear flow guide cover connected with the rim shell, and the propeller mounting frame is connected with the rear flow guide cover.
The rear air guide sleeve is of a split structure with two parts.
And a motor air guide sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the outer rotor motor and connected with the stator bracket.
And the propeller mounting frame is provided with a mounting hole used for being connected with the navigation body.
The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the invention can realize the propelling function in two media of underwater and air, and is an important component for constructing the water-air amphibious cross-domain aircraft.
2. The invention takes an external rotor motor as power in the air, the propeller is separated from the rim motor rotor, the high-rotating-speed and low-torque operation of the motor can be realized, the propelling requirement in the air is met, and the invention has larger thrust-weight ratio.
3. The invention can use the rim motor as power under water, the propeller is meshed with the rim motor rotor, the low-rotation-speed and high-torque operation of the rim motor is realized, and the underwater propulsion requirement is met.
4. The invention has the advantages of light weight, compact structure, high reliability and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a quarter sectional isometric view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view in longitudinal section of the rim portion of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a view of the internal structure of the rim end cover of the present invention.
In the figure: 1 is preceding kuppe, 2 is the screw, 3 is the rim shell, 4 is back kuppe, 5 is the propeller mounting bracket, 6 is stator support, 7 is the external rotor electric machine, 8 is the motor kuppe, 9 is rim front bearing, 10 is the rim end cover, 11 is the rim rotor, 12 is the rim stator, 13 is the rim magnet steel, 14 is the rim yoke, 15 is the rim rear bearing, 16 is the separation and reunion roller.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the electric water-air dual-purpose propeller provided by the invention comprises an outer rotor motor 7, a rim motor, a propeller 2, a stator support 6, a one-way clutch mechanism and a propeller mounting bracket 5, wherein the outer rotor motor 7 is connected with the propeller mounting bracket 5 through the stator support 6, an output shaft of the outer rotor motor 7 is connected with the propeller 2, and the rim motor is sleeved on the outer side of the propeller 2 and is connected with the propeller 2 through the one-way clutch mechanism; when the air-powered air conditioner works in the air, the outer rotor motor 7 drives the propeller 2 to rotate, and the one-way clutch mechanism and the propeller 2 are in a disengaged state; when the underwater vehicle runs under water, the rim motor drives the propeller 2 to rotate, and the one-way clutch mechanism and the propeller 2 are in a meshed state.
As shown in fig. 4, the rim motor includes a rim housing 3, a rim cover 10, a rim front bearing 9, a rim rotor 11, a rim stator 12, rim magnetic steel 13, a rim magnetic yoke 14 and a rim rear bearing 15, wherein the rim housing 3 is connected with the stator bracket 6, the rim stator 12 is fixed in the rim housing 3 in an interference fit manner, the rim rotor 11 is front and rear ends of the rim rotor are respectively supported by the rim front bearing 9 and the rim rear bearing 15, the rim cover 10 is fixed on the rim housing 3 and is used for supporting the rim front bearing 9, and the rim rear bearing 15 is supported by the stator bracket 6. In which a rim front bearing 9 supports an end surface and an inner surface of a rim rotor 11 and a rim rear bearing 15 supports the other side end surface and an outer surface of the rim rotor 11.
The rim magnetic steel 13 is pasted on the rim magnetic yoke 14, the rim magnetic yoke 14 is sleeved on the rim rotor 11, and the inner side of the rim rotor 11 is provided with a groove for accommodating the one-way clutch mechanism.
And a stator and a rotor of the outer rotor motor 7, a rim stator 12, rim magnetic steel 13 and a rim magnetic yoke 14 are encapsulated by epoxy resin. The front end of the rim motor is provided with a front flow guide sleeve 1 connected with a rim end cover 10, the rear end of the rim motor is provided with a rear flow guide sleeve 4 connected with a rim shell 3, the propeller mounting frame 5 is connected with the rear flow guide sleeve 4, and the rear flow guide sleeve 4 is of a two-part split structure. And a motor air guide sleeve 8 is arranged on the outer side of the outer rotor motor 7, and the motor air guide sleeve 8 is connected with the stator support 6. The front air guide sleeve 1, the rear air guide sleeve 4 and the motor air guide sleeve 8 enable the water-air dual-purpose propeller to be streamline integrally.
As shown in fig. 5, the one-way clutch mechanism includes a plurality of clutch rollers 16, the clutch rollers 16 are respectively accommodated in a plurality of grooves circumferentially provided on the inner side of the rim rotor 11 of the rim motor, the grooves are arc-shaped grooves circumferentially provided, and one edge of each groove is provided with a wedge angle that makes the radial depth of the groove shallow, so that the radial depth of the groove gradually becomes deeper along the rotation direction of the propeller 2. When the outer rotor motor 7 drives the propeller 2 to rotate at a high speed, the clutch roller 16 is positioned at the large end (the end with the deeper radial depth) of the groove, and the rim rotor 11 and the propeller 2 are in a separation state; when the rim motor drives the propeller 2 to rotate, the clutch roller 16 enters the small end (the end with the shallower radial depth) of the groove under the driving of the rim rotor 11, the rim rotor 11 and the propeller 2 are in a meshed state, and the rim rotor 11 drives the propeller 2 to rotate at a low speed.
Through holes are formed in the rim shell 3 and the stator support 6 and used for leading out wires of the rim motor, and a threading hole is formed in the propeller mounting frame 5 and used for leading out wires of the motor. The propeller mounting rack 5 is provided with a mounting hole for fixing a propeller, and can be mechanically connected with the navigation body.
The inner side of the rim rotor 11 is circumferentially provided with a plurality of grooves, the edges of the grooves are provided with certain wedge angles, a plurality of clutch rollers 16 are respectively accommodated in the grooves, the clutch rollers 16 are brought into the small ends of the grooves when the rim rotor 11 rotates actively, the clutch rollers 16 are in close contact with the propeller 2, and the rim rotor 11 and the propeller 2 are in a meshed state to drive the propeller 2 to rotate together. When the rim rotor 11 is not moved and the propeller 2 is actively rotated under the driving of the outer rotor motor 7, the clutch roller 16 is brought into the large end of the inner side groove of the rim rotor 11 by the propeller 2, the rim rotor 11 and the propeller 2 are in a separated state, and the propeller 2 cannot drive the rim rotor 11 to rotate.
The working principle of the electric water-air dual-purpose propeller in air and underwater is as follows:
when the electric water-air dual-purpose propeller works in the air, the outer rotor motor 7 is a high-rotating-speed and low-torque motor, the outer rotor motor 7 drives the propeller 2 to rotate at a high speed, the rim rotor 11 is separated from the propeller 2 and does not rotate, no additional load is formed on the outer rotor motor 7, and the propeller 2 rotates at a high speed in the air to generate propelling force.
The rim motor has the characteristics of low rotating speed and large torque, when the rim motor works underwater, the rim rotor 11 of the rim motor rotates at a low speed, and the rim rotor 11 is meshed with the propeller 2 under the action of the clutch roller 16 to drive the propeller 2 to rotate at a low speed, so that thrust is formed underwater, and the thrust is transmitted to the outer rotor motor 7, the stator support 6 and the propeller mounting rack 5 by the propeller 2 in sequence.
In conclusion, when the air-powered air conditioner works in the air, the outer rotor motor drives the propeller to rotate at a high speed, the one-way clutch mechanism is in a disengaged state, and the rim rotor does not rotate; when the underwater propeller works underwater, the rim motor rotates actively, the one-way clutch mechanism is in a meshed state, and the rim motor drives the propeller to rotate at a low speed. The stator and the rotor of the outer rotor motor and the rim motor adopt an encapsulation process, and the requirements of pressure resistance, corrosion resistance and the like under water are met. The invention utilizes the characteristics of high rotating speed and low torque of the outer rotor motor and low rotating speed and high torque of the rim motor to realize high-efficiency propulsion underwater and in the air, and has the characteristics of compact structure, high propulsion efficiency and the like.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, extension, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.