CN112360492B - Composite rock breaking method, cutter head and heading machine - Google Patents
Composite rock breaking method, cutter head and heading machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN112360492B CN112360492B CN202011344392.5A CN202011344392A CN112360492B CN 112360492 B CN112360492 B CN 112360492B CN 202011344392 A CN202011344392 A CN 202011344392A CN 112360492 B CN112360492 B CN 112360492B
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- carbon dioxide
- supercritical carbon
- water jet
- rock breaking
- speed water
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/1066—Making by using boring or cutting machines with fluid jets
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/11—Making by using boring or cutting machines with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
- E21D9/112—Making by using boring or cutting machines with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines by means of one single rotary head or of concentric rotary heads
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a composite rock breaking method, which adopts high-speed water jet to crack a rock body, adopts supercritical carbon dioxide to inject into the crack, and adopts a cutter system to break the rock body injected with the supercritical carbon dioxide. The invention also discloses a composite rock breaking cutterhead which comprises a cutterhead panel, wherein a cutter system and a high-speed water jet system are arranged on the cutterhead panel, and a supercritical carbon dioxide jet system is arranged on the cutterhead panel. The invention also discloses a composite rock breaking heading machine which comprises a cutterhead identical to the composite rock breaking cutterhead. The invention solves the technical problems of low rock breaking efficiency and high cost when the existing composite rock breaking method is used for tunneling the ultra-hard rock tunnel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hard rock tunnel tunneling and rock breaking, in particular to a composite rock breaking method, a cutter head and a tunneling machine.
Background
In the field test research process of tunneling, for ultra-hard rock (the compressive strength of a common saturated single shaft is more than or equal to 200 MPa) in tunnel engineering, the existing hob is not easy to cause rock mass to generate through cracks in the rock breaking process, as shown in fig. 3, so that the rock breaking efficiency is not high, the hob is seriously worn, the construction efficiency is greatly reduced, and the construction cost is increased.
In order to improve the construction efficiency and reduce the construction cost, a novel composite rock breaking cutterhead appears, for example, the invention patent application with the application publication number of CN110985032A and the application publication number of 2020.04.10 discloses a hydraulic-mechanical combined rock breaking TBM device, which comprises a mechanical hob structure and a hydraulic cutting cutter module which are circumferentially arranged on the TBM cutterhead structure, wherein the mechanical hob structure and the hydraulic cutting cutter module are arranged at intervals; the hydraulic cutting tool module is arranged between two mechanical hob structures which are arranged at intervals in the radial direction.
In the invention patent of the high-speed water jet assisted rock breaking cutter, the water pressure required by the water jet is high, only a crack of 0.5-0.8 mm is formed when the rock is cut, the crack is not easily communicated with the crack formed by the indentation of the hob, and a crack bridge is not easily formed, so that the rock breaking effect is poor. Meanwhile, the requirement on water pressure is high, the requirement on the quality of the nozzle is high, and the construction cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the background technology, the invention provides a composite rock breaking method, a cutter head and a heading machine, and solves the technical problems of low rock breaking efficiency and high cost when the existing composite rock breaking method is used for heading a superhard rock tunnel.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: a composite rock breaking method includes such steps as high-speed water jet to generate crack on rock mass, injecting supercritical carbon dioxide into the crack, and breaking the rock mass with the supercritical carbon dioxide. The invention can crack rock mass by expansion gas generated by the phase change of the supercritical carbon dioxide under the condition of low high-speed water jet pressure, and the generated explosive gas can quickly generate more cracks around the prefabricated crack of the water jet cutter due to the high expansion coefficient of the supercritical carbon dioxide, so that the crack is easy to be communicated with the crack formed by the indentation of the cutter system to form a crack bridge, so that the rock slice is peeled off, and the effect of quickly breaking rock is achieved.
Further, the high-speed water jet, the supercritical carbon dioxide injection crack and the rock breaking of the cutter system are sequentially carried out and circularly operated.
Further, the high-speed water jet, the supercritical carbon dioxide injection into the crack and the rock breaking of the cutter system are carried out synchronously.
A composite rock breaking cutterhead using the composite rock breaking method comprises a cutterhead panel, wherein a cutter system and a high-speed water jet system are arranged on the cutterhead panel, and a supercritical carbon dioxide jet system is arranged on the cutterhead panel.
Furthermore, the high-speed water jet system, the supercritical carbon dioxide jet system and the cutter system respectively comprise a plurality of independent units, and the independent units of the high-speed water jet system, the supercritical carbon dioxide jet system and the cutter system form a plurality of rock breaking units.
Furthermore, the rock breaking unit comprises two adjacent independent units of a cutter system, two independent units of a high-speed water jet system are arranged between the two independent units of the cutter system, and an independent unit of a supercritical carbon dioxide jet system is arranged between the two independent units of the high-speed water jet system.
Further, the independent units of the knife system are scraping knives and/or rolling knives.
Furthermore, the independent units of the high-speed water jet system comprise a high-speed water jet pipeline and high-speed water jet nozzles which are connected, and water flows emitted by the two high-speed water jet nozzles in the same rock breaking unit are intersected at a tunnel face to form crossed cracks.
Further, the independent unit of the supercritical carbon dioxide jet system comprises a supercritical carbon dioxide pipeline and a supercritical carbon dioxide nozzle which are connected, and the fluid emitted by the supercritical carbon dioxide nozzle is directed to the intersection point of the water flow on the tunnel face.
The utility model provides a compound broken rock entry driving machine, includes the blade disc, the blade disc with compound broken rock blade disc is the same.
According to the invention, the prefabricated crack generated by the high-speed water jet is adopted, and then expansion gas generated by supercritical carbon dioxide phase change is adopted to generate more cracks to assist the cutter in breaking rock. The rock mass can be fractured by expansion gas generated by the phase change of the supercritical carbon dioxide under the condition of low high-speed water jet pressure, and the generated explosive gas can quickly generate more cracks around the prefabricated crack of the water jet cutter due to the high expansion coefficient of the supercritical carbon dioxide, so that the crack is easy to penetrate through the crack formed by the indentation of the hob to form a crack bridge, so that the rock slices are peeled off, and the effect of quickly breaking the rock is achieved.
Drawings
In order to illustrate the embodiments of the invention more clearly, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be derived from those drawings by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a front view of a composite rock breaking cutterhead of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the breaking unit of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of breaking superhard rock with a hob;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the principle of breaking rock in superhard rock using a hob and a high-speed water jet system;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the rock breaking of super hard rock using a hob, a high speed water jet system and a supercritical carbon dioxide jet system;
in the figure: 1. the system comprises a hob, 2, a high-speed water jet pipeline, 3, a supercritical carbon dioxide pipeline, 4, a cutterhead panel, 21, a high-speed water jet nozzle and 31, the supercritical carbon dioxide nozzle.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1, a composite rock breaking method, which cracks a rock body using high-speed water jet, injects supercritical carbon dioxide into the cracks, and breaks the rock body into which the supercritical carbon dioxide is injected using a cutter system. The invention can crack rock mass by expansion gas generated by the phase change of the supercritical carbon dioxide under the condition of low high-speed water jet pressure, and the generated explosive gas can quickly generate more cracks around the prefabricated crack of the water jet cutter due to the high expansion coefficient of the supercritical carbon dioxide, so that the crack is easy to be communicated with the crack formed by the indentation of the cutter system to form a crack bridge, so that the rock slice is peeled off, and the effect of quickly breaking rock is achieved.
The other methods of this example are the same as example 1.
The other methods of this example are the same as example 1.
Specifically, the high-speed water jet system, the supercritical carbon dioxide jet system and the cutter system respectively comprise a plurality of independent units, and the independent units of the high-speed water jet system, the supercritical carbon dioxide jet system and the cutter system form a plurality of rock breaking units. Each rock breaking unit comprises two adjacent scraping cutters or hobbing cutters 1 of a cutter system, two independent units of a high-speed water jet system are arranged between the two hobbing cutters 1 of the cutter system, and an independent unit of a supercritical carbon dioxide jet system is arranged between the two independent units of the high-speed water jet system.
The independent units of the high-speed water jet system comprise a high-speed water jet pipeline 2 and high-speed water jet nozzles 21 which are connected, and water flows emitted by the two high-speed water jet nozzles 21 in the same rock breaking unit are intersected on a tunnel face to form crossed cracks. The independent unit of the supercritical carbon dioxide jet system comprises a supercritical carbon dioxide pipeline 3 and a supercritical carbon dioxide nozzle 31 which are connected, and the fluid emitted by the supercritical carbon dioxide nozzle 31 points to the intersection point of the water flow on the tunnel face.
The composite rock breaking method of the embodiment is the same as any one of embodiments 1 to 3, and is specifically shown in fig. 4 and 5. According to the invention, under the condition of low high-speed water jet pressure, the rock mass is firstly caused to generate crossed cracks by adopting the high-speed water jet system, then the supercritical carbon dioxide is injected into the cracks by the supercritical carbon dioxide jet system, and the expansion gas generated by the phase change of the supercritical carbon dioxide causes the rock mass to crack.
Embodiment 5, a compound rock breaking heading machine includes the compound rock breaking cutterhead of embodiment 4.
Nothing in this specification is intended to be exhaustive of all conventional and well known techniques.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (8)
1. A composite rock breaking method is characterized in that: firstly, adopting high-speed water jet to crack a rock body, then injecting supercritical carbon dioxide into the crack, wherein explosion gas generated by the supercritical carbon dioxide entering the crack generates more cracks around the crack, the crack generated by the rock body is communicated with the crack generated by the rock body through the high-speed water jet and the crack generated by the rock body through the supercritical carbon dioxide, and the rock body injected with the supercritical carbon dioxide is broken through the cutter system; and the high-speed water jet, the supercritical carbon dioxide injection crack and the rock breaking of the cutter system are sequentially carried out and are operated circularly.
2. A composite rock breaking cutterhead for use in the composite rock breaking method of claim 1: including blade disc panel (4), be provided with cutter system and high-speed water jet system on blade disc panel (4), its characterized in that: and a supercritical carbon dioxide jet system is arranged on the cutter head panel (4).
3. The composite rock breaking cutterhead of claim 2, wherein: the high-speed water jet system, the supercritical carbon dioxide jet system and the cutter system respectively comprise a plurality of independent units, and the independent units of the high-speed water jet system, the supercritical carbon dioxide jet system and the cutter system form a plurality of rock breaking units.
4. The composite rock breaking cutterhead of claim 3, wherein: the rock breaking unit comprises two adjacent independent units of a cutter system, two independent units of a high-speed water jet system are arranged between the two independent units of the cutter system, and an independent unit of a supercritical carbon dioxide jet system is arranged between the two independent units of the high-speed water jet system.
5. The composite rock breaking cutterhead according to any one of claims 2-4, wherein: the independent units of the cutter system are scraping cutters and/or rolling cutters.
6. The composite rock breaking cutterhead of claim 5, wherein: the independent unit of the high-speed water jet system comprises a high-speed water jet pipeline (2) and high-speed water jet nozzles (21) which are connected, and water flows emitted by the two high-speed water jet nozzles (21) in the same rock breaking unit are intersected on a tunnel face.
7. The composite rock breaking cutterhead of claim 6, wherein: the independent unit of the supercritical carbon dioxide jet system comprises a supercritical carbon dioxide pipeline (3) and a supercritical carbon dioxide nozzle (31) which are connected, and fluid emitted by the supercritical carbon dioxide nozzle (31) points to the intersection point of the water flow on the tunnel face.
8. The utility model provides a compound broken rock entry driving machine, includes the blade disc, its characterized in that: the cutterhead is the same as the composite rock breaking cutterhead described in any one of claims 2-7.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011344392.5A CN112360492B (en) | 2020-11-26 | 2020-11-26 | Composite rock breaking method, cutter head and heading machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011344392.5A CN112360492B (en) | 2020-11-26 | 2020-11-26 | Composite rock breaking method, cutter head and heading machine |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112360492A CN112360492A (en) | 2021-02-12 |
| CN112360492B true CN112360492B (en) | 2023-01-31 |
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| CN202011344392.5A Active CN112360492B (en) | 2020-11-26 | 2020-11-26 | Composite rock breaking method, cutter head and heading machine |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113818892A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-12-21 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Rock breaking and tunneling device and rock breaking method thereof |
| CN113622925B (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2024-04-19 | 盾构及掘进技术国家重点实验室 | High-pressure water punching, freezing and expanding rock breaking TBM cutter head and use method thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES8607473A1 (en) * | 1984-10-16 | 1986-06-16 | Hoz San Nicolas Eduardo | Machine tool for cutting rocks by means of high-pressure laminar chambers |
| CN103742075A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-04-23 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Supercritical carbon dioxide abrasive jet flow perforation simulation experiment system |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1308655A (en) * | 1970-05-14 | 1973-02-21 | Joy Mfg Co Ltd | Method of and machine for use in the construction of the gates in long-wall coal mining |
| JP3250663B2 (en) * | 1998-11-30 | 2002-01-28 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | Cutter bit for shield machine and shield machine |
| CN102168545B (en) * | 2011-03-30 | 2013-11-06 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Coiled tubing supercritical CO2 jet fracturing method |
| CN103061776B (en) * | 2013-01-06 | 2015-05-27 | 中铁隧道集团有限公司 | Method for repairing TBM (tunnel boring machine) cutter head in intra-tunnel high-pressure environment |
| CN106401598B (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2018-06-05 | 贵州理工学院 | A kind of high-pressure water jet surface trimming remote control driving method |
| CN107165651B (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2023-07-14 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Rock breaking hob, shield machine cutterhead and shield machine |
| CN107246998A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-10-13 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of supercritical carbon dioxide rock core pressure break clamper under pore pressure saturation |
| CN109899081A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-06-18 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Utilize the development machine of supercritical carbon dioxide jet stream broken rock |
| CN111911164B (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2021-07-13 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Environment-friendly hard rock mass groove excavation method |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES8607473A1 (en) * | 1984-10-16 | 1986-06-16 | Hoz San Nicolas Eduardo | Machine tool for cutting rocks by means of high-pressure laminar chambers |
| CN103742075A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-04-23 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Supercritical carbon dioxide abrasive jet flow perforation simulation experiment system |
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| CN112360492A (en) | 2021-02-12 |
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