CN112340943A - Domestic sewage treatment process - Google Patents
Domestic sewage treatment process Download PDFInfo
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- CN112340943A CN112340943A CN202011191812.0A CN202011191812A CN112340943A CN 112340943 A CN112340943 A CN 112340943A CN 202011191812 A CN202011191812 A CN 202011191812A CN 112340943 A CN112340943 A CN 112340943A
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- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 241001533118 Skimmia japonica Species 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 241000209082 Lolium Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 241000213948 Astragalus sinicus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 240000009088 Fragaria x ananassa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000021012 strawberries Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical class [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 8
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000242757 Anthozoa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014653 Carica parviflora Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010840 domestic wastewater Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001061264 Astragalus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010110 Astragalus glycyphyllos Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000006533 astragalus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
- C02F1/5245—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents using basic salts, e.g. of aluminium and iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
- C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a domestic sewage treatment process, which comprises (1) pretreating domestic sewage; (2) adding a flocculating agent A to perform primary flocculation reaction; (3) carrying out anaerobic degradation reaction in an anaerobic reaction tank; (4) adding a flocculating agent B for secondary flocculation reaction; (5) introducing a composite subsurface flow constructed wetland consisting of a primary subsurface flow constructed wetland, a secondary subsurface flow constructed wetland and a tertiary subsurface flow constructed wetland; the primary artificial subsurface flow wetland is formed by combining filler, reed and skimmia japonica, the secondary artificial subsurface flow wetland is formed by combining filler, strawberries and ryegrass, and the tertiary artificial subsurface flow wetland is formed by combining filler and astragalus sinicus, and the purified water is obtained after the discharge and the disinfection; the invention adopts the organic combination of the domestic sewage combined sedimentation technology, the anaerobic degradation technology and the artificial wetland treatment technology, improves the treatment efficiency of the domestic sewage, greatly improves the quality and stability of the artificial wetland ecological sewage treatment, and has stable effluent quality and low operation and maintenance cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a domestic sewage treatment process.
Background
Domestic sewage is mainly from discharged water generated by kitchen water, washing water and toilet water in life, is mostly nontoxic inorganic salts, and contains a lot of nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur and pathogenic bacteria. At present, in the traditional domestic sewage treatment process, an A2/O treatment process of a large-scale integrated reaction tank or a filter is mostly adopted, but the equipment operation and maintenance cost is high, particularly the operation benefit on the treatment of the domestic sewage of villages and towns is low, and for the existing artificial ecological wetland treatment process, the defects of poor sedimentation stability, low sewage treatment efficiency, easy occurrence of system blockage and poor operation stability of a sewage treatment system are often existed, so that the effluent quality is unstable. Therefore, a new domestic sewage treatment process with high sewage treatment efficiency and high system operation stability is provided, and the development of the domestic sewage treatment process with high rural dispersibility is facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a domestic sewage treatment process.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the invention provides a domestic sewage treatment process, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: pre-treating, namely filtering domestic sewage through a grid well to remove large solid impurities in the sewage;
step 2: primary flocculation, namely adding a flocculating agent A into domestic sewage in a primary flocculation tank to perform primary flocculation reaction with organic matters and suspended particles in the sewage to obtain treated water I; the flocculant A comprises 30-50 parts of ferric sulfate, 10-20 parts of aluminum sulfate, 3-5 parts of chitosan and 20-30 parts of cationic starch in parts by weight;
and step 3: performing anaerobic primary degradation, namely performing anaerobic degradation reaction on the treated water I in an anaerobic reaction tank to remove biodegradable organic matters in the sewage to obtain treated water II;
and 4, step 4: performing secondary flocculation, namely adding a flocculating agent B into the treated water II in a secondary flocculation tank, and performing secondary flocculation reaction to obtain treated water III; the flocculant B comprises 20-30 parts of ferric chloride, 20-35 parts of aluminum chloride, 5-10 parts of kieselguhr and 25-35 parts of activated carbon powder in parts by weight;
and 5: introducing the treated water III into a composite artificial subsurface flow wetland consisting of a primary artificial subsurface flow wetland, a secondary artificial subsurface flow wetland and a tertiary artificial subsurface flow wetland for dephosphorization and denitrification treatment; the primary artificial subsurface flow wetland is formed by combining filler, reed and skimmia japonica, the secondary artificial subsurface flow wetland is formed by combining filler, strawberries and ryegrass, the tertiary artificial subsurface flow wetland is formed by combining filler and astragalus sinicus, and finally purified water is obtained after discharging and sterilizing.
Further explaining, the flocculant A comprises 40 parts of ferric sulfate, 15 parts of aluminum sulfate, 4 parts of chitosan and 25 parts of cationic starch according to the weight part ratio.
Further explaining, the flocculant B comprises 25 parts of ferric chloride, 32 parts of aluminum chloride, 8 parts of diatomite and 30 parts of activated carbon powder in parts by weight.
Further, the dosage of the flocculant A is 18.5-23.5mg added in each liter of domestic sewage, and the primary flocculation reaction treatment time is 15-20 min. Different flocculating agents are combined for treatment at the front end and the rear end of the anaerobic treatment of the sewage, so that the sedimentation effect of the sewage is improved.
Further, the dosage of the flocculant B is 7.0-10.5mg added in each liter of domestic sewage, and the treatment time of the secondary flocculation reaction is 8-10 min.
Further, the filler of the primary artificial subsurface wetland is formed by sequentially filling 50-80mm pebbles, 30-50mm volcanic rocks, 10-20 mm ceramic grains and water plant soil from bottom to top.
Further, the filler of the second-level artificial subsurface flow wetland is formed by sequentially filling 40-60mm of gravels, 40-50 mm of zeolite, 30-40 mm of shale, 10-15 mm of ceramsite and water plant soil from bottom to top.
Further, the filler of the three-level subsurface flow wetland is formed by sequentially filling 40-50 mm pebbles, 35-45mm gravels, 30-35 mm corals, 30-40 mm volcanic rocks, 10-15 mm ceramic aggregates, river bottom sludge and water plant soil from bottom to top. According to different artificial flow-replacing wetlands, different filler composition structures are adjusted and set, and the growth of plants and the water purification capacity of the wetlands are promoted.
Further explaining, the planting ratio of the reed to the skimmia japonica is 5: (2-3); the planting ratio of the glume-sheathes to the ryegrass is 1: (1-3).
Further, the anaerobic degradation reaction time is 15-20 hours, and the retention time in each level of artificial subsurface wetland is 1.0-2.0 days.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a domestic sewage treatment process, which adopts the organic combination of a domestic sewage combined sedimentation technology, an anaerobic degradation technology and an artificial wetland treatment technology, combines a secondary flocculation treatment with a tertiary composite artificial subsurface flow wetland treatment, adopts different flocculating agents for sedimentation treatment at the front end and the rear end of an anaerobic degradation reaction, fully improves the early-stage sedimentation effect, degrades and removes sewage organic matters and suspended particles, reduces the pollutant load of the artificial wetland, promotes the treatment efficiency of the domestic sewage, reduces the operation influence of pollutants on a wetland system, effectively controls the blockage problem of the wetland system, improves the operation stability of the sewage treatment system, and simultaneously enhances the water purifying capacity of the wetland by optimizing the tertiary composite artificial subsurface flow wetland system, wherein the primary liquid after the secondary flocculation treatment firstly passes through a filler, a filler and a flocculant, The reed and the skimmia japonica are combined to form a traditional primary artificial subsurface wetland for carrying out primary microbial phosphorus and nitrogen removal on sewage, then the sewage passes through a secondary artificial alternate flow wetland formed by combining a filler, a glume cutting and ryegrass, a root system of the secondary artificial alternate flow wetland is utilized to provide a more sufficient carbon source, the growth of microorganisms is promoted, the enrichment, adsorption and removal of nitrogen and phosphorus in water are accelerated, the deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal effect is achieved, finally, the filler and the astragalus sinicus constitute a tertiary artificial subsurface flow wetland for carrying out low-nitrogen and phosphorus-content treatment water, and the absorption and purification treatment on residual elements of nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur and inorganic salt in the water are carried out, so that the quality and the stability of the ecological sewage treatment of the traditional wetland are greatly improved, the efficient and stable operation of the tertiary composite artificial subsurface flow wetland is realized, and the characteristics of stable effluent quality, low operation and maintenance cost, high treatment efficiency and.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the invention, specific examples are provided below to further illustrate the invention.
The experimental methods used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The materials, reagents and the like used in the examples of the present invention can be obtained commercially without specific description.
Example 1-a domestic wastewater treatment process, comprising the steps of:
step 1: pre-treating, namely filtering domestic sewage through a grid well to remove large solid impurities in the sewage;
step 2: primary flocculation, namely adding a flocculating agent A into domestic sewage in a primary flocculation tank, wherein the dosage of the flocculating agent A is 18.5mg per liter of domestic sewage, and performing primary flocculation reaction on the domestic sewage, organic matters and suspended particles in the sewage for 15min to obtain treated water I; the flocculant A comprises 30 parts of ferric sulfate, 10 parts of aluminum sulfate, 3 parts of chitosan and 20 parts of cationic starch in parts by weight;
and step 3: performing anaerobic primary degradation, namely performing anaerobic degradation reaction on the treated water I in an anaerobic reaction tank for 15 hours, and removing biodegradable organic matters in the sewage to obtain treated water II;
and 4, step 4: performing secondary flocculation, namely adding a flocculating agent B into the treated water II in a secondary flocculation tank, wherein the dosage of the flocculating agent B is 7.0mg added into each liter of domestic sewage, and performing secondary flocculation reaction for 8min to obtain treated water III; the flocculant B comprises 20 parts of ferric chloride, 20 parts of aluminum chloride, 5 parts of diatomite and 25 parts of activated carbon powder in parts by weight;
and 5: introducing the treated water III into a composite artificial subsurface flow wetland consisting of a primary artificial subsurface flow wetland, a secondary artificial subsurface flow wetland and a tertiary artificial subsurface flow wetland for dephosphorization and denitrification treatment; the primary artificial subsurface wetland is formed by combining filler, reed and skimmia japonica, and the planting ratio of the reed to the skimmia japonica is 5: 2, filling the filler from bottom to top by using 50-80mm pebbles, 30-50mm volcanic rocks, 10-20 mm ceramic particles and water plant soil in sequence; the two-stage artificial subsurface wetland is formed by combining a filler, the cut-strand glumes and the ryegrass, wherein the planting ratio of the cut-strand glumes to the ryegrass is 1: 1, filling the filler from bottom to top by using gravel of 40-60mm, zeolite of 40-50 mm, shale of 30-40 mm, ceramsite of 10-15 mm and soil of a water plant in sequence; the three-stage artificial subsurface flow wetland is composed of a filler and astragalus sinicus, wherein the filler is composed of 40-50 mm pebbles, 35-45mm gravels, 30-35 mm corallites, 30-40 mm volcanic rocks, 10-15 mm ceramic granules, river bottom sludge and water plant soil which are filled from bottom to top in sequence; the retention time of the artificial subsurface flow wetland at each stage is 1.0 day, and finally, the purified water is obtained after the disinfection.
Embodiment 2-a domestic sewage treatment process, comprising the steps of:
step 1: pre-treating, namely filtering domestic sewage through a grid well to remove large solid impurities in the sewage;
step 2: primary flocculation, namely adding a flocculating agent A into domestic sewage in a primary flocculation tank, wherein the dosage of the flocculating agent A is 23.5mg per liter of domestic sewage, and performing primary flocculation reaction on the domestic sewage, organic matters and suspended particles in the sewage for 20min to obtain treated water I; the flocculant A comprises 50 parts of ferric sulfate, 20 parts of aluminum sulfate, 5 parts of chitosan and 30 parts of cationic starch in parts by weight;
and step 3: performing anaerobic primary degradation, namely performing anaerobic degradation reaction on the treated water I in an anaerobic reaction tank for 20 hours to remove biodegradable organic matters in the sewage to obtain treated water II;
and 4, step 4: performing secondary flocculation, namely adding a flocculating agent B into the treated water II in a secondary flocculation tank, wherein the dosage of the flocculating agent B is 10.5mg added into each liter of domestic sewage, and performing secondary flocculation reaction for 10min to obtain treated water III; the flocculant B comprises 30 parts of ferric chloride, 35 parts of aluminum chloride, 10 parts of diatomite and 35 parts of activated carbon powder in parts by weight;
and 5: introducing the treated water III into a composite artificial subsurface flow wetland consisting of a primary artificial subsurface flow wetland, a secondary artificial subsurface flow wetland and a tertiary artificial subsurface flow wetland for dephosphorization and denitrification treatment; the primary artificial subsurface wetland is formed by combining filler, reed and skimmia japonica, and the planting ratio of the reed to the skimmia japonica is 5: 3, filling the filler from bottom to top by using 50-80mm pebbles, 30-50mm volcanic rocks, 10-20 mm ceramic particles and water plant soil in sequence; the two-stage artificial subsurface wetland is formed by combining a filler, the cut-strand glumes and the ryegrass, wherein the planting ratio of the cut-strand glumes to the ryegrass is 1: 3, filling the filler from bottom to top by using gravel of 40-60mm, zeolite of 40-50 mm, shale of 30-40 mm, ceramsite of 10-15 mm and soil of a water plant in sequence; the three-stage artificial subsurface flow wetland is composed of a filler and astragalus sinicus, wherein the filler is composed of 40-50 mm pebbles, 35-45mm gravels, 30-35 mm corallites, 30-40 mm volcanic rocks, 10-15 mm ceramic granules, river bottom sludge and water plant soil which are filled from bottom to top in sequence; the retention time of the artificial subsurface flow wetland at each stage is 2.0 days, and finally, the purified water is obtained after the disinfection.
Example 3-a domestic wastewater treatment process, comprising the steps of:
step 1: pre-treating, namely filtering domestic sewage through a grid well to remove large solid impurities in the sewage;
step 2: primary flocculation, namely adding 20.5mg of flocculant A into each liter of domestic sewage in a primary flocculation tank to perform primary flocculation reaction with organic matters and suspended particles in the sewage for 16min to obtain treated water I; the flocculant A comprises 40 parts of ferric sulfate, 12 parts of aluminum sulfate, 4 parts of chitosan and 22 parts of cationic starch in parts by weight;
and step 3: performing anaerobic primary degradation, namely performing anaerobic degradation reaction on the treated water I in an anaerobic reaction tank for 16 hours to remove biodegradable organic matters in the sewage to obtain treated water II;
and 4, step 4: performing secondary flocculation, namely adding a flocculating agent B into the treated water II in a secondary flocculation tank, wherein the dosage of the flocculating agent B is 8.5mg added in each liter of domestic sewage, and performing secondary flocculation reaction for 9min to obtain treated water III; the flocculant B comprises 25 parts of ferric chloride, 28 parts of aluminum chloride, 6 parts of diatomite and 30 parts of activated carbon powder in parts by weight;
and 5: introducing the treated water III into a composite artificial subsurface flow wetland consisting of a primary artificial subsurface flow wetland, a secondary artificial subsurface flow wetland and a tertiary artificial subsurface flow wetland for dephosphorization and denitrification treatment; the primary artificial subsurface wetland is formed by combining filler, reed and skimmia japonica, and the planting ratio of the reed to the skimmia japonica is 5: 2.5, filling the filler from bottom to top by using 50-80mm pebbles, 30-50mm volcanic rocks, 10-20 mm ceramic particles and water plant soil in sequence; the two-stage artificial subsurface wetland is formed by combining a filler, the cut-strand glumes and the ryegrass, wherein the planting ratio of the cut-strand glumes to the ryegrass is 1: 2, filling the filler from bottom to top by using gravel of 40-60mm, zeolite of 40-50 mm, shale of 30-40 mm, ceramsite of 10-15 mm and soil of a water plant in sequence; the three-stage artificial subsurface flow wetland is composed of a filler and astragalus sinicus, wherein the filler is composed of 40-50 mm pebbles, 35-45mm gravels, 30-35 mm corallites, 30-40 mm volcanic rocks, 10-15 mm ceramic granules, river bottom sludge and water plant soil which are filled from bottom to top in sequence; the retention time of the artificial subsurface flow wetland at each stage is 1.5 days, and finally, the purified water is obtained after the disinfection.
Example 4-a domestic wastewater treatment process, comprising the steps of:
step 1: pre-treating, namely filtering domestic sewage through a grid well to remove large solid impurities in the sewage;
step 2: primary flocculation, namely adding 21.5mg of flocculant A into each liter of domestic sewage in a primary flocculation tank to perform primary flocculation reaction with organic matters and suspended particles in the sewage for 18min to obtain treated water I; the flocculant A comprises 40 parts of ferric sulfate, 15 parts of aluminum sulfate, 4 parts of chitosan and 25 parts of cationic starch in parts by weight;
and step 3: performing anaerobic primary degradation, namely performing anaerobic degradation reaction on the treated water I in an anaerobic reaction tank for 18 hours to remove biodegradable organic matters in the sewage to obtain treated water II;
and 4, step 4: performing secondary flocculation, namely adding a flocculating agent B into the treated water II in a secondary flocculation tank, wherein the dosage of the flocculating agent B is 9.5mg added into each liter of domestic sewage, and performing secondary flocculation reaction for 9min to obtain treated water III; the flocculant B comprises 25 parts of ferric chloride, 32 parts of aluminum chloride, 8 parts of diatomite and 30 parts of activated carbon powder in parts by weight;
and 5: introducing the treated water III into a composite artificial subsurface flow wetland consisting of a primary artificial subsurface flow wetland, a secondary artificial subsurface flow wetland and a tertiary artificial subsurface flow wetland for dephosphorization and denitrification treatment; the primary artificial subsurface wetland is formed by combining filler, reed and skimmia japonica, and the planting ratio of the reed to the skimmia japonica is 5: 2.5, filling the filler from bottom to top by using 50-80mm pebbles, 30-50mm volcanic rocks, 10-20 mm ceramic particles and water plant soil in sequence; the two-stage artificial subsurface wetland is formed by combining a filler, the cut-strand glumes and the ryegrass, wherein the planting ratio of the cut-strand glumes to the ryegrass is 1: 2, filling the filler from bottom to top by using gravel of 40-60mm, zeolite of 40-50 mm, shale of 30-40 mm, ceramsite of 10-15 mm and soil of a water plant in sequence; the three-stage artificial subsurface flow wetland is composed of a filler and astragalus sinicus, wherein the filler is composed of 40-50 mm pebbles, 35-45mm gravels, 30-35 mm corallites, 30-40 mm volcanic rocks, 10-15 mm ceramic granules, river bottom sludge and water plant soil which are filled from bottom to top in sequence; the retention time of the artificial subsurface flow wetland at each stage is 1.5 days, and finally, the purified water is obtained after the disinfection.
Comparative example 1-domestic sewage treatment process according to example 4, with the difference that: in step 3, the treated water ii obtained by the anaerobic primary degradation is directly introduced into the composite subsurface flow wetland composed of the primary subsurface flow wetland, the secondary subsurface flow wetland and the tertiary subsurface flow wetland, and the rest is the same as in example 4.
Comparative example 2-domestic sewage treatment process according to example 4, with the difference that: in step 5, the treated water iii was introduced into the primary subsurface flow wetland composed of the filler, reed and skimmia japonica for treatment, and then directly introduced into the tertiary subsurface flow wetland composed of the filler and milk vetch in the subsurface flow wetland, and the rest was the same as in example 4.
Comparative example 3-domestic sewage treatment process according to example 4, with the difference that: in the step 5, the primary artificial subsurface flow wetland, the secondary artificial subsurface flow wetland and the tertiary artificial subsurface flow wetland are filled from bottom to top by sequentially adopting 50-80mm pebbles, 30-50mm volcanic rocks, 10-20 mm ceramic grains and water plant soil.
According to the domestic sewage treatment processes of the embodiments 1 to 4 and the comparative examples 1 to 3, domestic sewage discharged from the rural towns in Hainan Haikou is selected, and the domestic sewage treatment processes are combined to respectively detect and count the conditions of water quality indexes of inlet and outlet water, and the results are as follows:
table 1: domestic sewage quality condition table
Table 2: effluent quality condition table for domestic sewage treatment
As can be seen from the above table, according to the domestic sewage treatment process disclosed by the invention, a good water purification effect can be achieved, the content of organic pollutants is greatly reduced, the COD value, turbidity, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and ammonia nitrogen content of the purified effluent water quality are obviously reduced, the wetland operation effect is good, the wetland is not blocked, the average effluent time of the whole artificial wetland sewage treatment is shortened, and the purification capacity is high. Meanwhile, compared with the comparative examples 1 to 3 and the example 4, the sewage treatment effect is obviously reduced, wherein the reduction rate of COD value, turbidity, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and ammonia nitrogen content in the comparative example 1 is obviously reduced, which shows that the invention combines the secondary flocculation treatment and the tertiary composite subsurface flow wetland treatment, is beneficial to enhancing the water purification capacity of the wetland, greatly improves the quality and stability of the ecological sewage treatment of the traditional wetland, realizes the efficient and stable operation of the tertiary composite subsurface flow wetland, and has the characteristics of stable effluent quality, low operation and maintenance cost, high treatment efficiency and stable system operation.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A domestic sewage treatment process is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: pre-treating, namely filtering domestic sewage through a grid well to remove large solid impurities in the sewage;
step 2: primary flocculation, namely adding a flocculating agent A into domestic sewage in a primary flocculation tank to perform primary flocculation reaction with organic matters and suspended particles in the sewage to obtain treated water I; the flocculant A comprises 30-50 parts of ferric sulfate, 10-20 parts of aluminum sulfate, 3-5 parts of chitosan and 20-30 parts of cationic starch in parts by weight;
and step 3: performing anaerobic primary degradation, namely performing anaerobic degradation reaction on the treated water I in an anaerobic reaction tank to remove biodegradable organic matters in the sewage to obtain treated water II;
and 4, step 4: performing secondary flocculation, namely adding a flocculating agent B into the treated water II in a secondary flocculation tank, and performing secondary flocculation reaction to obtain treated water III; the flocculant B comprises 20-30 parts of ferric chloride, 20-35 parts of aluminum chloride, 5-10 parts of kieselguhr and 25-35 parts of activated carbon powder in parts by weight;
and 5: introducing the treated water III into a composite artificial subsurface flow wetland consisting of a primary artificial subsurface flow wetland, a secondary artificial subsurface flow wetland and a tertiary artificial subsurface flow wetland for dephosphorization and denitrification treatment; the primary artificial subsurface flow wetland is formed by combining filler, reed and skimmia japonica, the secondary artificial subsurface flow wetland is formed by combining filler, strawberries and ryegrass, the tertiary artificial subsurface flow wetland is formed by combining filler and astragalus sinicus, and finally purified water is obtained after discharging and sterilizing.
2. The domestic sewage treatment process according to claim 1, wherein: the flocculant A comprises 40 parts of ferric sulfate, 15 parts of aluminum sulfate, 4 parts of chitosan and 25 parts of cationic starch in parts by weight.
3. The domestic sewage treatment process according to claim 1, wherein: the flocculant B comprises 25 parts of ferric chloride, 32 parts of aluminum chloride, 8 parts of diatomite and 30 parts of activated carbon powder in parts by weight.
4. The domestic sewage treatment process according to claim 1, wherein: the dosage of the flocculant A is 18.5-23.5mg added in each liter of domestic sewage, and the primary flocculation reaction treatment time is 15-20 min.
5. The domestic sewage treatment process according to claim 1, wherein: the dosage of the flocculant B is 7.0-10.5mg added in each liter of domestic sewage, and the treatment time of the secondary flocculation reaction is 8-10 min.
6. The domestic sewage treatment process according to claim 1, wherein: the filler of the primary artificial subsurface wetland is formed by sequentially filling 50-80mm pebbles, 30-50mm volcanic rocks, 10-20 mm ceramic particles and water plant soil from bottom to top.
7. The domestic sewage treatment process according to claim 1, wherein: the filler of the second-level artificial subsurface flow wetland is formed by sequentially filling 40-60mm of gravels, 40-50 mm of zeolite, 30-40 mm of shale, 10-15 mm of ceramsite and water plant soil from bottom to top.
8. The domestic sewage treatment process according to claim 2, wherein: the filler of the three-stage artificial subsurface flow wetland is formed by sequentially filling 40-50 mm pebbles, 35-45mm gravels, 30-35 mm corals, 30-40 mm volcanic rocks, 10-15 mm ceramic aggregates, river bottom sludge and water plant soil from bottom to top.
9. The domestic sewage treatment process according to claim 1, wherein: the planting proportion of the reed to the skimmia japonica is 5: (2-3); the planting ratio of the glume-sheathes to the ryegrass is 1: (1-3).
10. The domestic sewage treatment process according to claim 1, wherein: the anaerobic degradation reaction time is 15-20 hours, and the retention time in each stage of artificial subsurface flow wetland is 1.0-2.0 days.
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