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CN112266794B - 一种含噻吩的液晶化合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种含噻吩的液晶化合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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CN112266794B
CN112266794B CN202011065605.0A CN202011065605A CN112266794B CN 112266794 B CN112266794 B CN 112266794B CN 202011065605 A CN202011065605 A CN 202011065605A CN 112266794 B CN112266794 B CN 112266794B
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朱波
戴雄
边坤
程友文
吕永清
王静
王学涛
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Abstract

本发明属于液晶材料技术领域,具体涉及一种含噻吩的液晶化合物及其制备方法和应用。所述含噻吩的液晶化合物具有如通式(I)所示的结构,其具有较高的光学各向异性和低的旋转粘度,从而改善响应时间。

Description

一种含噻吩的液晶化合物及其制备方法和应用
技术领域
本发明属于液晶材料技术领域,具体涉及一种含噻吩的液晶化合物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
目前,液晶在信息显示领域得到广泛应用,同时在光通讯中的应用也取得了一定的进展(S.T.Wu,D.K.Yang.Reflective Liquid Crystal Displays.Wiley,2001)。近几年,液晶化合物的应用领域已经显著拓宽到各类显示器件、电光器件、电子元件、传感器等。为此,已经提出许多不同的结构,特别是在向列型液晶领域,向列型液晶化合物迄今已经在平板显示器中得到最为广泛的应用。特别是用于TFT有源矩阵的系统中。
彩色显示大多采用有源矩阵显示方式。TFT-LCD已经广泛用于直视型电视、大屏幕投影电视、计算机终端显示和某些军用仪表显示,相信TFT-LCD技术具有更为广阔的应用前景。
目前,TFT-LCD产品技术已经成熟,成功地解决了视角、分辨率、色饱和度和亮度等技术难题,其显示性能已经接近或超过CRT显示器。大尺寸和中小尺寸TFT-LCD显示器在各自的领域已逐渐占据平板显示器的主流地位。但是因受液晶材料本身的限制,TFT-LCD仍然存在着响应不够快,电压不够低,电荷保持率不够高等诸多缺陷。
对于液晶介质来说,需要快速的响应时间,减少液晶的厚度可以缩短反应时间,这就需要高的光学介电常数Δn以保证足够的光延迟值d*Δn,然而有高的光学介电常数Δn的液晶一般具有高的旋转粘度,又导致响应时间变长。
因此寻找低粘度、高光学各向异性的单晶化合物尤为重要。
发明内容
本发明的第一目的是提供一种新型的含噻吩的液晶化合物,该化合物具有较高的光学各向异性和低的旋转粘度,可以改善液晶显示器件的响应时间。
所述含噻吩的液晶化合物具有如通式(I)所示的结构:
Figure BDA0002713673930000021
式中,
R1表示-H、-Cl、-F、-CN、-OCN、-OCF3、-CF3、-CHF2、-CH2F、-OCHF2、-OCF=CF2,-OCF2CF3,-SCN、-NCS、-SF5、C1-C15的烷基、C1-C15的烷氧基、C2-C15的烯基或C2-C15的烯氧基,其中所述C1-C15的烷基、C1-C15的烷氧基、C2-C15的烯基或C2-C15的烯氧基中的一个或多个氢可任选地被氟或氯取代,且一个或多个不相邻的-CH2-可彼此独立地被-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-COO-、-OOC-、-O-或-S-取代;
R2表示-H、C1-C15的烷基、C1-C15的烷氧基、C2-C15的烯基或C2-C15的烯氧基,其中所述C1-C15的烷基、C1-C15的烷氧基、C2-C15的烯基或C2-C15的烯氧基中的一个或多个氢可任选地被氟或氯取代,且一个或多个不相邻的-CH2-可彼此独立地被-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-COO-、-OOC-、-O-或-S-取代;
A1代表单键或下列基团中的一种:
Figure BDA0002713673930000022
Figure BDA0002713673930000031
A2代表单键或下列基团中的一种:
Figure BDA0002713673930000032
Z1、Z2各自独立地表示单键、-CH2-、-CH2-CH2-、-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-COO-、-OOC-、-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-CF2O-、-OCF2-、-CF2CH2-、-CH2CF2-、-C2F4-或-CF=CF-;
n=0、1、2、3或4。
优选的,上述含噻吩的液晶化合物中,R1,R2各自独立地表示H、C1-C7的烷基或C1-C7的烷氧基,且所述C1-C7的烷基或C1-C7的烷氧基中的一个或多个氢可任选地被氟或氯取代,优选被氟取代。
优选的,上述含噻吩的液晶化合物中,A1代表单键或下列基团中的一种:
Figure BDA0002713673930000033
优选的,上述含噻吩的液晶化合物中,Z1、Z2各自独立地表示单键、-CH2-、-CH2-CH2-、-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-、-COO-、-OOC-、-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-CF2O-或-OCF2-。
作为进一步优选的技术方案,所述含噻吩的液晶化合物选自以下结构中的一种或多种:
Figure BDA0002713673930000041
Figure BDA0002713673930000051
Figure BDA0002713673930000061
Figure BDA0002713673930000071
Figure BDA0002713673930000081
Figure BDA0002713673930000091
Figure BDA0002713673930000101
Figure BDA0002713673930000111
Figure BDA0002713673930000121
Figure BDA0002713673930000131
Figure BDA0002713673930000141
Figure BDA0002713673930000151
Figure BDA0002713673930000161
Figure BDA0002713673930000171
Figure BDA0002713673930000181
Figure BDA0002713673930000191
Figure BDA0002713673930000201
Figure BDA0002713673930000211
Figure BDA0002713673930000221
Figure BDA0002713673930000231
Figure BDA0002713673930000241
Figure BDA0002713673930000251
Figure BDA0002713673930000261
Figure BDA0002713673930000271
Figure BDA0002713673930000281
Figure BDA0002713673930000291
本发明的另一目的是提供上述含噻吩的液晶化合物的制备方法,其合成路线如下:
Figure BDA0002713673930000292
具体包括如下步骤:
化合物I-1-01与化合物I-1-02,在碳酸钠以及催化剂作用下反应得到目标化合物I;
其中,上述步骤所涉及化合物中的R1、R2、A1、A2、Z1、Z2、n的定义同上。
本发明的第三目的是保护含有上述含噻吩的液晶化合物的液晶组合物。其中,上述含噻吩的液晶化合物的加入量以1-80%为宜,更优选3-50%。本领域技术人员可以预见,基于上述含噻吩的液晶化合物的加入,能够进一步提高已有惯用液晶组合物的光学各向异性,具有缩短器件的响应时间的技术效果。
本发明的第四目的是保护上述含噻吩的液晶化合物以及含有上述含噻吩的液晶化合物的组合物在液晶显示领域的应用。优选为在液晶显示装置中的应用。所述的液晶显示装置包括但并不限于TN、ADS、VA、PSVA、FFS或IPS液晶显示器。将上述含噻吩的液晶组合物应用至液晶显示装置后,具有缩短器件的响应时间的技术效果。
具体实施方式
以下实施例用于说明本发明,但不用来限制本发明的范围。
除非另有说明,本发明中百分比为重量百分比;温度单位为摄氏度。
实施例1:
Figure BDA0002713673930000301
合成路线如下:
Figure BDA0002713673930000302
在反应瓶中加入27.6g(0.1mol)化合物BYLC-01-1(反应物),24gBYLC-01-2(反应物)100ml甲苯(溶剂),100ml乙醇,100ml水,通氮气保护,加入1g四三苯基膦钯,12g碳酸钠,加热回流反应6小时,分液,100ml甲苯(溶剂)提取水相,水洗有机相至中性,蒸干溶剂得淡黄色固体,200ml乙醇200ml正庚烷重结晶两次得34.3gBYLC-01,收率90%,气相色谱纯度99.8%。
质谱分析碎片:382.1(分子离子峰)。
实施例2
Figure BDA0002713673930000311
合成路线如下:
Figure BDA0002713673930000312
在反应瓶中加入35.2g(0.1mol)化合物BYLC-02-1(反应物),24gBYLC-01-2,100ml甲苯(溶剂),100ml乙醇,100ml水,通氮气保护,加入1g四三苯基膦钯,12g碳酸钠,加热回流反应6小时,分液,100ml甲苯(溶剂)提取水相,水洗有机相至中性,蒸干溶剂得淡黄色固体,200ml乙醇200ml正庚烷重结晶两次得38.9gBYLC-02,收率85%,气相色谱纯度99.8%。
质谱分析碎片:458.2(分子离子峰)。
实施例3
Figure BDA0002713673930000321
合成路线如下:
Figure BDA0002713673930000322
在反应瓶中加入36g(0.1mol)化合物BYLC-03-1(反应物),24gBYLC-01-2,100ml甲苯(溶剂),100ml乙醇,100ml水,通氮气保护,加入1g四三苯基膦钯,12g碳酸钠,加热回流反应6小时,分液,100ml甲苯(溶剂)提取水相,水洗有机相至中性,蒸干溶剂得淡黄色固体,200ml乙醇200ml正庚烷重结晶两次得40gBYLC-03,收率86%,气相色谱纯度99.8%。
质谱分析碎片:466.2(分子离子峰)。
实施例4
Figure BDA0002713673930000323
采用GC-MS对所得白色固体BYLC-04进行分析,产物的m/z为368.1(M+)。
实施例5
Figure BDA0002713673930000331
采用GC-MS对所得白色固体BYLC-05进行分析,产物的m/z为354.1(M+)。
实施例6
Figure BDA0002713673930000332
采用GC-MS对所得白色固体BYLC-06进行分析,产物的m/z为408.1(M+)。
实施例7
Figure BDA0002713673930000333
采用GC-MS对所得白色固体BYLC-07进行分析,产物的m/z为380.1(M+)。
实施例8
Figure BDA0002713673930000334
采用GC-MS对所得白色固体BYLC-08进行分析,产物的m/z为412.1(M+)。
实施例9
Figure BDA0002713673930000341
采用GC-MS对所得白色固体BYLC-09进行分析,产物的m/z为396.1(M+)。
实验例
本实验例涉及对实施例1~9所述化合物的相关性能测定。
按照本领域的常规检测方法,γ1的检测采用粘度计测试,△n的检测采用阿贝折射仪测试,△ε的检测采用惠普公司型号为HP-4284A的电容电抗测试仪进行测定。
通过线性拟合得到液晶化合物的各项性能参数,其中,各性能参数的具体含义如下:
△n代表光学各向异性(25℃);γ1代表旋转粘度(mPa.s,25℃);△ε代表介电各向异性(25℃,1000Hz)。
将实施例1~9所制得的液晶化合物和对比例1~2液晶化合物的性能参数数据进行对比整理,检测结果如表1所示:
表1:液晶化合物的性能检测结果
Figure BDA0002713673930000342
Figure BDA0002713673930000351
由表1的检测结果可以明显看出,本发明提供的含噻吩的液晶化合物与传统的相似化学结构化合物相比,具有较高的光学各向异性△n,低的旋转粘度γ1,从而很好的改善响应时间。
虽然,上文中已经用一般性说明、具体实施方式及试验,对本发明作了详尽的描述,但在本发明基础上,可以对之作一些修改或改进,这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此,在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进,均属于本发明要求保护的范围。

Claims (7)

1.一种含噻吩的液晶化合物,其特征在于,选自以下结构中的一种或多种:
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2.一种液晶组合物,其特征在于,包括权利要求1所述的含噻吩的液晶化合物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的液晶组合物,其特征在于,所述含噻吩的液晶化合物在所述液晶组合物中的质量百分比为1~60%。
4.根据权利要求3所述的液晶组合物,其特征在于,所述含噻吩的液晶化合物在所述液晶组合物中的质量百分比为3~50%。
5.根据权利要求4所述的液晶组合物,其特征在于,所述含噻吩的液晶化合物在所述液晶组合物中的质量百分比为5~25%。
6.权利要求1所述的含噻吩的液晶化合物或权利要求2-5任一项所述的液晶组合物在液晶显示装置中的应用。
7.根据权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于,所述液晶显示装置为TN、ADS、VA、PSVA、FFS或IPS液晶显示器。
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