CN112206813A - 一种高硅铝比脱硫催化剂的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种高硅铝比脱硫催化剂的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
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Abstract
本发明涉及催化剂技术领域,尤其涉及一种高硅铝比脱硫催化剂及其制备方法。所述脱硫催化剂由以下重量百分比的原料组成:55~65%wt有机碱改性MCM‑22分子筛、2~5%wt石墨烯、2~4%wt助挤剂、6~8%wt粘合剂、余量为氧化铝。本发明设计的以有机碱改性MCM‑22分子筛为主要成分的脱硫催化剂的脱硫率≥90%,可广泛用于车用汽油和柴油中噻吩类硫化物的去除,从而得到更优质的油品。同时,本发明所需的原料来源广泛,制备方法简便,生产成本不高,有利于工业的大规模生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及催化剂技术领域,尤其涉及一种高硅铝比脱硫催化剂的其制备方法。
背景技术
燃料油中硫化物燃烧生成的SOx是导致环境污染的原因之一,汽车尾气中的SOx除了会引起雾霾,还会引起酸雨从而导致建筑、历史文物、工业装置等遭受腐蚀。同时,燃料油中的硫含量高,还会导致汽车尾气净化器中的催化剂中毒,使其活性下降甚至失活。我国于2017年1月全国供应国Ⅴ标准的车用汽油和柴油,要求硫含量<10ppm。传统加氢脱硫技术(HDS)操作条件苛刻,而且噻吩类硫化物烷基侧链空间位阻较大,给油品的深度加氢脱硫增加了难度。
MCM-22族分子筛以独特的表面结构和孔道体系在催化反应中表现出其特有的催化效果,多年来它的应用领域也逐渐被人们重视。由于制备方法的不同,MCM-22族分子筛包括MCM-22、MCM-36、MCM-56、MCM-49等层状分子筛,具备MWW结构的这些层状分子筛通过后处理(如同晶取代、酸洗、双氧水洗等化学处理)可以为催化反应提供所需要的经过精细调变的反应场所和反应活性位,在酸碱催化剂和氧化反应领域已有多个工业化实例。
综上所述,本领域缺乏一种满足上述技术需求的高硅铝比脱硫催化剂及其制备方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种高硅铝比脱硫催化剂的制备方法。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供一种高硅铝比脱硫催化剂的制备方法,所述方法包括如下步骤:
(1)有机碱改性MCM-22分子筛的制备:将MCM-22分子筛加入到装有有机碱溶液的耐压容器中,并将系统密闭,升压至0.6~1.0MPa,然后升温至90~100℃,恒温处理10~12小时,取出洗涤干燥后,在450~550℃条件下焙烧8~12小时,得到有机碱改性MCM-22分子筛;
(2)将步骤(1)所得有机碱改性MCM-22分子筛与醋酸铵溶液混合,于60~70℃水浴处理2~4h,洗涤、烘干,550~650℃焙烧3~6h,得催化剂中间体;
(3)将步骤(2)所得的催化剂中间体与氧化铝粉、石墨烯粉混合均匀,然后加入助挤剂、粘合剂,充分碾压后成型,600~700℃焙烧8~10小时,得到催化剂。
优选地,所述步骤(1)中MCM-22分子筛的硅铝摩尔比为80~100。
优选地,所述步骤(1)中有机碱选自四甲基氢氧化铵、四乙基氢氧化铵、四丙基氢氧化铵、四丁基氢氧化铵中的一种或两种以上组合。
优选地,所述步骤(1)中有有机碱溶液的浓度为0.8~1.3mol/L。
优选地,所述步骤(1)中有MCM-22分子筛的加入量(g)与有机碱溶液体积(ml)的比例1:9~15。
优选地,所述步骤(2)中醋酸铵溶液的浓度为0.2~0.5mol/L。
优选地,所述步骤(2)中醋酸铵溶液与有机碱改性MCM-22分子筛按固液体积比1:6~10混合。
优选地,所述脱硫催化剂由以下重量百分比的原料组成:55~65%wt有机碱改性MCM-22分子筛、2~5%wt石墨烯、2~4%wt助挤剂、6~8%wt粘合剂、余量为氧化铝。
优选地,所述助挤剂选自淀粉、田菁粉、聚乙烯醇、甲基纤维素、聚乙二醇中的一种或两种以上的组合。
优选地,所述粘合剂为含有硝酸、柠檬酸、乙二酸、酒石酸中的一种或两种以上的组合的酸溶液。
所述酸溶液为0.1%柠檬酸和0.4%硝酸的混合酸溶液。
在其中一个实施例中,所述方法包括如下步骤:
(1)有机碱改性MCM-22分子筛的制备:以1:12(g:ml)的比例将MCM-22分子筛加入到装有四丁基氢氧化铵溶液(1.0mol/L)的耐压容器中,并将系统密闭,升压至0.8MPa,然后升温至95℃,恒温处理12小时,取出洗涤干燥后,在500℃条件下焙烧10小时,得到有机碱改性MCM-22分子筛;
(2)将步骤(1)所得有机碱改性MCM-22分子筛与浓度为0.2mol/L的醋酸铵溶液按固液比1:10混合,于70℃水浴处理4h,洗涤、烘干,650℃焙烧4h,得催化剂中间体;
(3)将氧化铝粉、有机碱改性MCM-22分子筛粉末、石墨烯粉混合均匀,然后加入田菁粉、0.1%柠檬酸-0.4%硝酸溶液,充分碾压后成型,700℃焙烧10小时,得到催化剂。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下有益效果:
本发明设计的以有机碱改性MCM-22分子筛为主要成分的脱硫催化剂的脱硫率≥90%,可广泛用于车用汽油和柴油中噻吩类硫化物的去除,从而得到更优质的油品。同时,本发明所需的原料来源广泛,制备方法简便,生产成本不高,有利于工业的大规模生产。
具体实施方式
实施例1
各原料的用量见表1。
(1)有机碱改性MCM-22分子筛的制备:以1:15(g:ml)的比例将MCM-22分子筛加入到装有四丁基氢氧化铵溶液(0.8mol/L)的耐压容器中,并将系统密闭,升压至0.6MPa,然后升温至90℃,恒温处理12小时,取出洗涤干燥后,在450℃条件下焙烧12小时,得到有机碱改性MCM-22分子筛;
(2)将步骤(1)所得有机碱改性MCM-22分子筛与浓度为0.5mol/L的醋酸铵溶液按固液比1:6混合,于70℃水浴处理2h,洗涤、烘干,550℃焙烧6h,得催化剂中间体;
(3)将氧化铝粉、有机碱改性MCM-22分子筛粉末、石墨烯粉混合均匀,然后加入田菁粉、0.1%柠檬酸-0.4%硝酸溶液,充分碾压后成型,600℃焙烧10小时,得到催化剂。
实施例2
各原料的用量见表1。
(1)有机碱改性MCM-22分子筛的制备:以1:9(g:ml)的比例将MCM-22分子筛加入到装有四丁基氢氧化铵溶液(1.3mol/L)的耐压容器中,并将系统密闭,升压至1.0MPa,然后升温至100℃,恒温处理10小时,取出洗涤干燥后,在550℃条件下焙烧8小时,得到有机碱改性MCM-22分子筛;
(2)将步骤(1)所得有机碱改性MCM-22分子筛与浓度为0.2mol/L的醋酸铵溶液按固液比1:10混合,于60℃水浴处理4h,洗涤、烘干,650℃焙烧3h,得催化剂中间体;
(3)将氧化铝粉、有机碱改性MCM-22分子筛粉末、石墨烯粉混合均匀,然后加入田菁粉、0.1%柠檬酸-0.4%硝酸溶液,充分碾压后成型,700℃焙烧8小时,得到催化剂。
实施例3
各原料的用量见表1。
(1)有机碱改性MCM-22分子筛的制备:以1:12(g:ml)的比例将MCM-22分子筛加入到装有四丁基氢氧化铵溶液(1.0mol/L)的耐压容器中,并将系统密闭,升压至0.8MPa,然后升温至95℃,恒温处理12小时,取出洗涤干燥后,在500℃条件下焙烧10小时,得到有机碱改性MCM-22分子筛;
(2)将步骤(1)所得有机碱改性MCM-22分子筛与浓度为0.2mol/L的醋酸铵溶液按固液比1:10混合,于70℃水浴处理4h,洗涤、烘干,650℃焙烧4h,得催化剂中间体;
(3)将氧化铝粉、有机碱改性MCM-22分子筛粉末、石墨烯粉混合均匀,然后加入田菁粉、0.1%柠檬酸-0.4%硝酸溶液,充分碾压后成型,700℃焙烧10小时,得到催化剂。
对比例1
各原料的用量见表1。
将氧化铝粉、普通MCM-22分子筛粉末、石墨烯粉混合均匀,然后加入田菁粉、0.1%柠檬酸-0.4%硝酸溶液,充分碾压后成型,700℃焙烧10小时,得到催化剂。
对比例2
各原料的用量见表1。
将氧化铝粉、无机碱改性MCM-22分子筛粉末、石墨烯粉混合均匀,然后加入田菁粉、0.1%柠檬酸-0.4%硝酸溶液,充分碾压后成型,700℃焙烧10小时,得到催化剂。
表1
实施例4催化剂脱硫性能测试
微反评价使用的催化剂量为5g,以直馏汽油与焦化汽油混合油为评价原料,进行汽油加氢催化剂评价。反应条件为反应温度260℃,氢分压为2.0MPa,氢油体积比500:1,空速为2.0h-1。催化剂的脱硫结果见表2。
表2脱硫结果
前述对本发明的具体示例性实施方案的描述是为了说明和例证的目的。这些描述并非想将本发明限定为所公开的精确形式,并且很显然,根据上述教导,可以进行很多改变和变化。对示例性实施例进行选择和描述的目的在于解释本发明的特定原理及其实际应用,从而使得本领域的技术人员能够实现并利用本发明的各种不同的示例性实施方案以及各种不同的选择和改变。本发明的范围意在由权利要求书及其等同形式所限定。
Claims (10)
1.一种高硅铝比脱硫催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括如下步骤:
(1)有机碱改性MCM-22分子筛的制备:将MCM-22分子筛加入到装有有机碱溶液的耐压容器中,并将系统密闭,升压至0.6~1.0MPa,然后升温至90~100℃,恒温处理10~12小时,取出洗涤干燥后,在450~550℃条件下焙烧8~12小时,得到有机碱改性MCM-22分子筛;
(2)将步骤(1)所得有机碱改性MCM-22分子筛与醋酸铵溶液混合,于60~70℃水浴处理2~4h,洗涤、烘干,550~650℃焙烧3~6h,得催化剂中间体;
(3)将步骤(2)所得的催化剂中间体与氧化铝粉、石墨烯粉混合均匀,然后加入助挤剂、粘合剂,充分碾压后成型,600~700℃焙烧8~10小时,得到催化剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中有机碱选自四甲基氢氧化铵、四乙基氢氧化铵、四丙基氢氧化铵、四丁基氢氧化铵中的一种或两种以上组合。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中有有机碱溶液的浓度为0.8~1.3mol/L。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中有MCM-22分子筛的加入量(g)与有机碱溶液体积(ml)的比例1:9~15。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)中醋酸铵溶液的浓度为0.2~0.5mol/L。
6.根据权利要求1-5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)中醋酸铵溶液与有机碱改性MCM-22分子筛按固液体积比1:6~10混合。
7.根据权利要求1-6所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述脱硫催化剂由以下重量百分比的原料组成:55~65%wt有机碱改性MCM-22分子筛、2~5%wt石墨烯、2~4%wt助挤剂、6~8%wt粘合剂、余量为氧化铝。
8.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述助挤剂选自淀粉、田菁粉、聚乙烯醇、甲基纤维素、聚乙二醇中的一种或两种以上的组合;所述粘合剂为含有硝酸、柠檬酸、乙二酸、酒石酸中的一种或两种以上的组合的酸溶液。
9.根据权利要求8所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述酸溶液为0.1%柠檬酸和0.4%硝酸的混合酸溶液。
10.根据权利要求1~9任一所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括如下步骤:
(1)有机碱改性MCM-22分子筛的制备:以1:12(g:ml)的比例将MCM-22分子筛加入到装有四丁基氢氧化铵溶液(1.0mol/L)的耐压容器中,并将系统密闭,升压至0.8MPa,然后升温至95℃,恒温处理12小时,取出洗涤干燥后,在500℃条件下焙烧10小时,得到有机碱改性MCM-22分子筛;
(2)将步骤(1)所得有机碱改性MCM-22分子筛与浓度为0.2mol/L的醋酸铵溶液按固液比1:10混合,于70℃水浴处理4h,洗涤、烘干,650℃焙烧4h,得催化剂中间体;
(3)将氧化铝粉、有机碱改性MCM-22分子筛粉末、石墨烯粉混合均匀,然后加入田菁粉、0.1%柠檬酸-0.4%硝酸溶液,充分碾压后成型,700℃焙烧10小时,得到催化剂。
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