CN112206018B

CN112206018B - Multi-joint assembly, distal end actuating mechanism and surgical instrument

Info

Publication number: CN112206018B
Application number: CN202011001715.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孔维阳; 包光中; 林晋生
Original assignee: Wuhan United Imaging Zhirong Medical Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Wuhan United Imaging Zhirong Medical Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-22
Filing date: 2020-09-22
Publication date: 2022-04-26
Anticipated expiration: 2040-09-22
Also published as: CN112206018A

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-joint assembly, a distal end actuating mechanism and a surgical instrument. The multi-joint assembly comprises a plurality of connecting joints which are rotatably connected in series and joint control lines which are connected with the corresponding connecting joints; the connecting joint comprises a plurality of joint main bodies and a plurality of rotating pieces, and every two adjacent joint main bodies are connected through the rotating pieces. Can guarantee that joint main part motion is steady, and then guarantee to connect the joint and can steadily walk around the barrier, improve the stability of connecting the joint, and then improve distal end actuating mechanism's control accuracy, the end effector of being convenient for aims at the operation position, guarantees the security of operation.

Description

Multi-joint assembly, distal end actuating mechanism and surgical instrument

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of surgical equipment, in particular to a multi-joint assembly, a distal end execution mechanism and a surgical instrument.

Background

Most current minimally invasive medical surgical instruments include a proximal end effector, an elongated shaft, and a distal end actuator. Most current distal end effectors are a pitch-yaw joint plus an opening and closing mechanism or only one of them. It can accommodate most conditions, but such devices generally cannot take the S-path to bypass an obstacle. Another type of distal actuator is capable of S-routing around obstacles, but it uses a spring for a soft connection. However, the spring in the far-end actuator bypassing the obstacle can cause the far-end actuator to vibrate, the stability is poor, the control precision is low, the control effect is not ideal, and the use is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, there is a need to provide a multi-joint assembly, a distal end actuator and a surgical instrument that can reduce vibration, in order to solve the problem of vibration caused by the fact that the distal end actuator is controlled by a spring to bypass an obstacle.

The above purpose is realized by the following technical scheme:

a multi-joint assembly comprising a plurality of rotatable serially connected connection joints and joint control wires connecting corresponding ones of the connection joints; the connecting joint comprises a plurality of joint main bodies and a plurality of rotating pieces, and every two adjacent joint main bodies are connected through the rotating pieces.

In one embodiment, the rotating members are arranged in a spherical shape, two adjacent joint bodies are provided with rotating grooves, and the rotating members are respectively arranged in the rotating grooves of the joint bodies on two sides.

In one embodiment, each of the connecting joints corresponds to a plurality of joint control wires, and some of the joint control wires are connected to the joint main bodies at the distal ends of the connecting joints and pass through the joint main bodies.

In one embodiment, the multi-joint assembly includes a first connecting joint and a second connecting joint, a distal end of the second connecting joint rotatably connecting a proximal end of the first connecting joint;

the multi-joint assembly further comprises a first joint control line and a second joint control line, the first joint control line is connected with the first connecting joint and penetrates through the second connecting joint to extend out, and the second joint control line is connected with the second connecting joint and extends out.

In one embodiment, the first connecting joint comprises a plurality of first joint main bodies and a first rotating piece rotatably connected with the first joint main bodies, the first joint main bodies are provided with a plurality of first wire passing holes for the first joint control wires to pass through, and the plurality of first wire passing holes are uniformly distributed.

In one embodiment, the second connection joint comprises a plurality of second joint main bodies and a second rotating member rotatably connected with the second joint main bodies, the second joint main bodies are provided with a plurality of wire through hole groups for the first joint control wires and the second joint control wires to pass through, and the plurality of wire through hole groups are uniformly distributed.

In one embodiment, the wire passing hole group comprises a second wire passing hole and a third wire passing hole which are adjacent and located in the same circumferential direction, the second wire passing hole is used for the first joint control wire to pass through, and the third wire passing hole is used for the second joint control wire to pass through.

In one embodiment, the number of the third wire passing holes is two, the number of the second wire passing holes is one, and the two third wire passing holes are located on two sides of the second wire passing hole.

A distal actuator comprising:

a multi-joint assembly according to any of the preceding features; and

and the decoupling assembly is connected with the multi-joint assembly, is at least connected with a joint control line of one connecting joint in the multi-joint assembly and is used for controlling the deflection of the corresponding connecting joint.

In one embodiment, each of the connecting joints corresponds to one of the decoupling assemblies, or the number of the connecting joints is larger than that of the decoupling assemblies.

In one embodiment, the distal actuator further comprises a mount rotatably mounted to the distal end of the multi-joint assembly, the mount for mounting an end effector;

the distal end actuating mechanism further comprises at least one terminal control wire, the terminal control wire penetrates through the mounting base and is connected to the end effector, and the terminal control wire further penetrates through the rotating pieces of the joints and is connected with the proximal end effector.

A surgical device comprising a surgical instrument, a proximal end effector, and a distal end actuator according to any of the above features;

the surgical instrument is mounted to a distal end of a joint of the distal actuator, and the proximal actuator is coupled to a decoupling assembly of the distal actuator.

After the technical scheme is adopted, the invention at least has the following technical effects:

according to the multi-joint component, the far-end executing mechanism and the surgical instrument, after a plurality of joint main bodies connected with the joints are rotatably connected through the rotating piece, the corresponding joint main bodies are controlled to rotate around the rotating piece relative to the adjacent joint main bodies through the joint control line; the problem that the obstacle is bypassed through spring control distal end executor at present to lead to the vibration is solved in effectual, guarantees that joint subject motion is steady, and then guarantees to connect the joint and can steadily bypass the obstacle, improves the stability of connecting the joint, and then improves distal end actuating mechanism's control accuracy, and the end effector of being convenient for aims at the operation position, guarantees the security of operation, is convenient for use.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a distal actuator coupled to an end effector and a proximal actuator in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the distal actuator linkage end effector shown in FIG. 1 in an initial state;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the distal actuator of FIG. 2 in connection with movement of an end effector;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial view of the distal actuator of FIG. 1 at the decoupling assembly;

FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the decoupling assembly of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is an exploded view of a first linkage joint of the distal actuator of FIG. 2;

FIG. 7 is an exploded view of a second articulation joint of the distal actuator of FIG. 2;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a first joint body in the first joint shown in FIG. 6;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the first rotating member of the first joint shown in FIG. 6;

fig. 10 is a perspective view of the second joint body in the second joint shown in fig. 7.

Wherein: 100. a distal actuator; 110. a multi-joint assembly; 111. a first connecting joint; 1111. a first joint body; 11111. a first wire passing hole; 1112. a first rotating member; 11121. a fourth wire passing hole; 112. a second connecting joint; 1121. a second joint body; 11211. a second wire passing hole; 11212. a third wire passing hole; 1122. a second rotating member; 11221. a fifth wire passing hole; 113. a joint connector; 120. a switching component; 121. a connecting pipe; 122. a transfer tube; 130. a decoupling assembly; 131. decoupling the rotating member; 1311. a first rotating member; 1312. a second rotating member; 132. a decoupling operator; 133. a decoupling mount; 140. a mounting seat; 200. an end effector; 300. a proximal end effector.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.

Referring to fig. 1-3, the present invention provides a multi-joint assembly 110. The multi-joint assembly 110 is used in a distal actuator 100 of a surgical instrument, particularly a minimally invasive surgical instrument. The distal end of the multi-joint assembly 110 is coupled to the end effector 200 of the surgical instrument, and the end effector 200 may be accurately passed around obstacles in the patient and aimed at the surgical site by the multi-joint assembly 110.

In one embodiment, the multi-joint assembly 110 includes a plurality of rotatable serially connected connection joints and joint control wires connecting the corresponding connection joints; the connecting joint comprises a plurality of joint main bodies and a plurality of rotating pieces, and every two adjacent joint main bodies are rotatably connected through the rotating pieces.

The articulated assembly 110 is a main body part of the distal end actuator 100, the distal end of the articulated assembly 110 is connected with the end effector 200, and the articulated assembly 110 can drive the end effector 200 into the body of the patient, move the end effector 200 to the surgical site and perform the surgical operation. Specifically, the multi-joint assembly 110 includes a plurality of connecting joints rotatably coupled in series. That is, two adjacent connecting joints are rotatably connected. After the plurality of connecting joints are connected in series, one end of the plurality of connecting joints is the distal end of the multi-joint component 110, and the other end of the plurality of connecting joints is the proximal end of the multi-joint component 110.

Furthermore, the multi-joint assembly 110 also includes joint control wires that connect the corresponding connected joints. Medical personnel can control the corresponding connecting joint to generate corresponding deformation through a joint control line, so that the connecting joint moves, the deflection direction and the deflection angle of the connecting joint are adjusted, and finally the end effector 200 is controlled to move. Specifically, each connecting joint corresponds to a plurality of joint control wires, and a specific layout manner of the plurality of joint control wires is mentioned later.

In the multi-joint assembly 110 of the above embodiment, after the plurality of joint bodies of the joint are rotatably connected by the rotating member, the corresponding joint body is controlled to be rotatable about the rotating member relative to the adjacent joint body by the joint control wire; effectual solution is passed around the barrier through spring control distal end executor at present and is leaded to the vibration problem, guarantees that joint main part motion is steady, and then guarantees to connect the joint and can steadily walk around the barrier, improves the stability of connecting the joint, and then improves distal end actuating mechanism 100's control accuracy, and the end effector 200 of being convenient for is aimed at the operation position, guarantees the security of operation, is convenient for use.

Referring to fig. 1-3, the present invention provides a distal actuator 100. The distal end actuator 100 is applied to a surgical instrument, particularly a minimally invasive surgical instrument, the distal end of the distal end actuator 100 is connected with an end effector 200 of the surgical instrument, and the end effector 200 can accurately bypass obstacles in a patient body and be aligned with a surgical site through the distal end actuator 100. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the distal actuator 100 may be used in other articulated structures, such as for example, for inspecting components in small spaces of equipment, mounting components in small spaces, and the like. It should be noted that the application of the distal actuating mechanism 100 to other multi-joint structures is substantially the same as the application of the distal actuating mechanism 100 to minimally invasive surgery, and the present invention is only described by taking the application of the distal actuating mechanism 100 to minimally invasive surgery as an example.

Referring to fig. 1-5, in one embodiment, the distal actuator 100 includes a multi-joint assembly 110 and a decoupling assembly 130. The decoupling assembly 130 is fixedly mounted to the multi-joint assembly 110, the decoupling assembly 130 is coupled to at least one articulation control wire for controlling locking and unlocking of the corresponding coupled articulation, and the at least one articulation control wire is coupled to the proximal actuator 300 through the decoupling assembly 130. Moreover, the distal actuator 100 also includes a transition assembly 120.

Adapter assembly 120 is attached to the proximal end of multi-joint assembly 110, i.e., to the attachment joint at the proximal end of multi-joint assembly 110. The adapter assembly 120 can enable articulation control line routing. Moreover, the transition assembly 120 may be coupled to other types of control lines, such as those of the end effector 200, and the like, as well, and end control lines are used in place of the present invention. The adapter assembly 120 can separate the articulation control wires from the end control wires to avoid interference between the articulation control wires and the end control wires, so that the end effector 200 and the joint are independent of each other to avoid the end effector 200 or the joint from touching organs in the patient's body.

The decoupling assembly 130 is disposed at an end of the adapting assembly 120 away from the multi-joint assembly 110, and the decoupling assembly 130 is used for locking and unlocking at least one joint of the multi-joint assembly 110. Specifically, the articulation control wire of at least one of the connection joints is connected to the decoupling assembly 130, and the decoupling assembly 130 can control the locking and unlocking of the connection joint corresponding to the articulation control wire. When the decoupling assembly 130 controls the locking of the connecting joint, the joint control line corresponding to the connecting joint cannot drive the connecting joint to move, so that the decoupling of each connecting joint is realized. At this time, the other joint control lines can control the corresponding connecting joints to move, the movement of each connecting joint is independent, no interference is generated, the movement of the connecting joint which is not connected with the decoupling assembly 130 is not influenced, and the accurate movement track of the end effector 200 is ensured. When the decoupling assembly 130 controls the connecting joint to be unlocked, the decoupling assembly 130 can control the joint control line to drive the corresponding connecting joint to move.

Further, when at least one articulation control wire is coupled to the decoupling assembly 130, the remaining articulation control wires are coupled to the proximal actuator 300 of the surgical instrument through the decoupling assembly 130, and movement of the remaining coupled articulation is controlled by the proximal actuator 300. Illustratively, when the number of connected joints is two, the articulation control wires of one of the connected joints are connected to the decoupling assembly 130 and the articulation control wires of the other connected joint are connected to the proximal actuator 300 through the decoupling assembly 130. When the number of connected joints is three, the articulation control wires of two of the connected joints are connected to the decoupling assembly 130 and the articulation control wires of the other connected joint are connected to the proximal actuator 300 through the decoupling assembly 130. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the number of the connecting joints may be more, and the principle is substantially the same as that of the above embodiments, which is not described herein again.

It will be appreciated that the joints are adjusted in order from proximal to distal. Illustratively, when the connecting joint connected with the decoupling assembly 130 is located at the proximal end of the multi-joint assembly 110, and the connecting joint connected with the proximal end actuator 300 is located at the distal end of the multi-joint assembly 110, the decoupling assembly 130 is controlled to drive at least one connecting joint to move, after the connecting joint is adjusted to a proper position, the connecting joint is locked by the decoupling assembly 130, and then the other joint control lines are controlled by the proximal end actuator 300 to drive the corresponding connecting joints to move, so that the end effector 200 is moved to a proper position. Of course, in other embodiments of the invention, the articulation joint associated with the decoupling assembly 130 is located at the distal end of the multi-joint assembly 110, and the articulation joint associated with the proximal actuator 300 is located at the proximal end of the multi-joint assembly 110, controlling articulation at the proximal end before controlling articulation at the distal end.

After the decoupling assembly 130 unlocks the corresponding connecting joint, the deflection direction and the deflection angle of the connecting joint can be adjusted when the decoupling assembly 130 moves, so that the multi-joint assembly 110 and the end effector 200 at the far end of the multi-joint assembly can bypass obstacles, the multi-joint assembly 110 and the end effector 200 are prevented from touching organs in a patient body, and the safety of the operation is ensured. Moreover, after the decoupling assembly 130 locks the corresponding joint, the proximal end effector 300 can control the movement of the joint to which it is attached, adjusting the direction and angle of deflection of the joint, so that the end effector 200 can bypass obstacles and be accurately aligned with the surgical site. The decoupling assembly 130 locks the connecting joints connected thereto so that the motions between the respective connecting joints are independent of each other, enabling decoupling between the plurality of connecting joints. By the method, the accurate motion track of each connecting joint can be ensured, and the motion control of the multi-joint component 110 is facilitated.

Referring to fig. 6 and 7, two adjacent joint bodies are rotatably connected by a rotating member. That is, each two joint bodies are rotatably connected through a rotating member, that is, the joint bodies have rotating members at both ends thereof, and the joint bodies can rotate around the rotating members relative to the adjacent joint bodies. After the joint control lines are connected, the joint control lines can adjust the deflection direction and the deflection angle of the connecting joints, and particularly, the joint control lines can drive the joint main body to rotate around the rotating piece so as to adjust the pose of the joint main body; each joint main part is controlled through a joint control line, so that each joint main part rotates around the corresponding rotating part, and the joint deflection direction and the deflection angle can be adjusted through rotation of each joint main part.

In the distal actuator 100 of the above embodiment, the proximal end of the multi-joint component 110 is connected to the decoupling component 130, so as to realize the decoupling control of multiple connecting joints; meanwhile, after the joint main bodies connected with the joints are rotatably connected through the rotating piece, the joint main bodies can rotate around the rotating piece relative to the adjacent joint main bodies; effectual solution is passed around the barrier through spring control distal end executor at present and is leaded to the vibration problem, guarantees that joint main part motion is steady, and then guarantees to connect the joint and can steadily walk around the barrier, improves the stability of connecting the joint, and then improves distal end actuating mechanism 100's control accuracy, and the end effector 200 of being convenient for is aimed at the operation position, guarantees the security of operation, is convenient for use.

In one embodiment, there are more connection joints than decoupling assemblies 130. That is, when the number of connected joints is two, the number of decoupling assemblies 130 is one; when the number of the connection joints is three, the number of the decoupling assemblies 130 is two; and so on. Each decoupling assembly 130 is connected to one articulation control wire that connects the articulations, the remaining articulation control wires being connected to the proximal actuator 300. The decoupling assembly 130 controls locking and unlocking of the corresponding connecting joints, so that movement of each connecting joint is independent, decoupling between the connecting joints is achieved, movement deflection direction and deflection angle of each connecting joint are controllable, interference between the connecting joints is avoided, the connecting joints can drive the end effector 200 to bypass obstacles, and control accuracy of the end effector 200 is guaranteed.

Of course, in other embodiments of the invention, there is one decoupling assembly 130 for each attachment joint. That is to say, each connecting joint is controlled by the corresponding decoupling assembly 130, so that the connecting joint is controlled by the corresponding decoupling assembly 130, and the accurate motion track is ensured.

Referring to fig. 1, 4 and 5, the present invention is illustrated with only one more number of connecting joints than decoupling assemblies 130. The method comprises the following specific steps:

in one embodiment, the decoupling assembly 130 includes a decoupling rotating member 131 and a decoupling operation member 132, the decoupling rotating member 131 is rotatably mounted on the adapter assembly 120, the joint control line is connected to and/or passes through the decoupling rotating member 131, and the decoupling operation member 132 is connected to the decoupling rotating member 131 to drive the decoupling rotating member 131 to move. The decoupling rotor 131 is used to effect control of the articulation motion. Part of the articulation control lines are connected to the decoupling rotation member 131 and part of the articulation control lines are connected to the end effector 200 through the decoupling rotation member 131. The decoupling rotation member 131 may control the corresponding joint movement through the joint control line connected thereto to adjust the movement trace of the joint.

When the motion tracks of the other connecting joints are needed, the position of the decoupling rotating component 131 is controlled to be fixed, at this time, the decoupling rotating component 131 and the joint control line connected with the decoupling rotating component 131 are locked and cannot move, and correspondingly, the motion deflection direction and the deflection angle of the connecting joint connected with the joint control line are also locked, so that the current motion deflection direction and the current deflection angle are kept. The proximal end actuator 300 controls the joint control line connected with the proximal end actuator to move, the joint control line passes through the decoupling rotating piece 131 and is connected with the connecting joint, and because the decoupling rotating piece 131 is fixed, the joint control line does not drive the decoupling rotating piece 131 to move when moving, and further does not drive the joint control line connected with the decoupling rotating piece 131 and the corresponding connecting joint to move.

Therefore, decoupling operation between the connecting joint connected with the decoupling rotating piece 131 and the connecting joint connected with the near-end actuator 300 can be realized, during movement of the connecting joint connected with the near-end actuator 300, the movement deflection direction and the deflection angle of the connecting joint connected with the decoupling rotating piece 131 cannot be influenced, the movement track between the connecting joints is accurate, the end effector 200 and the connecting joints can accurately bypass obstacles, the end effector 200 can accurately move to an operation part, and the accuracy of operation is ensured.

Optionally, the decoupling rotation member 131 has a through hole and a mounting hole. Part of the joint control lines are arranged in the mounting holes so as to be connected with the decoupling rotating piece 131, the motion of the joint control lines is controlled through the decoupling rotating piece 131, and then the motion of the connecting joints corresponding to the joint control lines is realized. Part of the joint control wire is positioned in the through hole and is connected with the proximal end actuator 300 through the through hole, the motion control of the joint control wire is realized through the proximal end actuator 300, and the motion of the corresponding connecting joint of the joint control wire is further realized.

In one embodiment, the decoupling assembly 130 further comprises a decoupling fixing element 133, and the decoupling fixing element 133 is connected to the decoupling rotating element 131 for locking and unlocking the decoupling rotating element 131. The decoupling zero fastener 133 is movably disposed on a fixed mount of the proximal actuator 300, and the decoupling zero fastener 133 can be moved into and out of abutment with the decoupling zero rotational member 131. Specifically, when the decoupling fixing element 133 moves and abuts against the decoupling rotating element 131, the decoupling fixing element 133 can limit the rotation of the decoupling rotating element 131, so that the decoupling rotating element 131 is locked, and decoupling between the connecting joints is realized. When the decoupling fixing piece 133 moves and is separated from the decoupling rotating piece 131, the decoupling fixing piece 133 unlocks the decoupling rotating piece 131, and at this time, a joint control line connected with the decoupling rotating piece 131 can control the corresponding connecting joint to move.

It should be noted that the form of the decoupling fixing element 133 is not limited in principle, as long as the decoupling fixing element can abut against the decoupling rotating element 131 to limit the rotation of the decoupling rotating element 131. For example, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the decoupling fixing element 133 may be a fixing knob that can move up and down, and when the fixing knob moves down, the fixing knob can abut against the decoupling rotating element 131 and press the decoupling rotating element 131 to limit the movement of the decoupling rotating element 131. When the fixing knob moves upward, the fixing knob is disengaged from the decoupling rotation member 131. Optionally, the fixing button is arranged on the fixing frame of the proximal end actuator 300 in a lifting manner, and the fixing button is in a flat plate shape, so that the contact area between the fixing button and the decoupling rotation member 131 can be increased, and the operation area is increased, thereby facilitating the operation of medical personnel.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the decoupling fixing element 133 may also be a limit pin or the like, and the limit pin may be snapped into the decoupling rotating element 131 to lock the decoupling rotating element 131. Of course, the decoupling mounts 133 may also be other components that enable the securement of the decoupling rotors 131.

In one embodiment, the decoupling rotation member 131 includes a first rotation member 1311 and a second rotation member 1312, the first rotation member 1311 is mounted on the adapting assembly 120, and the second rotation member 1312 is rotatably connected to the first rotation member 1311 and connected to the decoupling operation member 132. One end of the first rotating member 1311 is connected to the adapting assembly 120, and the other end of the first rotating member 1311 is rotatably connected to the second rotating member 1312. The second rotating member 1312 is rotatable with respect to the first rotating member 1311. The partial articulation control line is coupled to the second rotation member 1312 and the partial articulation control line is coupled to the proximal actuator 300 through the second rotation member 1312. When the second rotation element 1312 rotates, the joint control line connected to the second rotation element can be driven to move, so as to control the deflection direction and the deflection angle of the corresponding joint, so that the joint and the end effector 200 can pass by an obstacle.

Optionally, the mounting holes and the through holes are located on the second rotating member 1312. The through hole penetrates the second rotating member 1312 in the axial direction. The decoupling operation member 132 is a control component of the second rotation member 1312, and the control of the joint control line connected to the second rotation member 1312 and the deflection direction and deflection angle of the joint movement can be realized by the decoupling operation member 132, which is convenient for operation. After the decoupling operation member 132 is connected to the second rotation member 1312, the decoupling operation member 132 can drive the second rotation member 1312 to move relative to the first rotation member 1311, so as to adjust the deflection direction and the deflection angle of the joint connected to the second rotation member 1312.

In one embodiment, the first rotating member 1311 and the second rotating member 1312 are connected by a ball pair. It will be appreciated that the form of the decoupling rotary member 131 is not limited in principle, as long as a rotatable connection with the adapter assembly 120 is achieved. Alternatively, the end of the first rotating member 1311 facing the second rotating member 1312 is a spherical end, the end of the second rotating member 1312 facing the first rotating member 1311 has a spherical groove, and the spherical end of the first rotating member 1311 can rotate in the spherical groove of the second rotating member 1312. Alternatively, the end of the first rotating member 1311 facing the second rotating member 1312 is a ball-type groove, the end of the second rotating member 1312 facing the first rotating member 1311 has a ball-shaped end, and the ball-shaped end of the second rotating member 1312 can rotate in the ball-type groove of the first rotating member 1311. Still alternatively, the first rotating member 1311 and the second rotating member 1312 are ball hinges or ball bearings. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the first rotating member 1311 and the second rotating member 1312 may also be a universal joint or other members capable of realizing rotatable connection.

Optionally, the decoupling operation member 132 is fixed to the second rotation member 1312 by a screw, a fastener, or an adhesive, so as to ensure that the decoupling operation member 132 can drive the second rotation member 1312 to move. It will be appreciated that the form of the decoupling operator 132 is in principle not limited, as long as control of the movement of the second rotating member 1312 is achieved. Alternatively, the decoupling operator 132 may be an operating handle. Further, the operating handle is in a spherical shape, a rod shape or a shape convenient for medical staff to hold.

In one embodiment, the adapter assembly 120 includes a connection tube 121 and an adapter tube 122, the connection tube 121 is rotatably connected to the proximal end of the multi-joint assembly 110, the adapter tube 122 is connected to the connection tube 121 and further connected to the first rotating member 1311, a joint control wire is routed through the connection tube 121, and the joint control wire is connected to the outside of the adapter tube 122 and/or passes through the second rotating member 1312. One end of the connection tube 121 is mounted on the connection joint at the proximal end of the multi-joint component 110, the other end of the connection tube 121 is connected with the adapter tube 122, and the end of the adapter tube 122 far away from the connection tube 121 is connected.

The connection tube 121 and the adapter tube 122 can facilitate the routing of various control lines. Specifically, the various control lines include a joint control line for controlling the joint, a terminal control line for controlling the end effector 200, and the like, and both the joint control line and the terminal control line are located in the connection tube 121. The connecting pipe 121 plays a role in protection, so that the joint control line and the tail end control line can be prevented from being exposed, the joint control line and the tail end control line are prevented from being scraped, and the accurate motion track of each connecting joint and the tail end actuator 200 is ensured; meanwhile, the device can avoid touching organs in the body of the patient, avoid damaging the patient and ensure the safety of the operation.

The joint control wire and the terminal control wire extend into the connecting tube 121 from one end of the connecting tube 121 close to the articulated assembly 110, and are separately routed at one end of the connecting tube 121 far from the articulated assembly 110. Specifically, the articulation control wires are routed from the outside of the adapter tube 122, and the tip control wires are routed from the inside of the adapter tube 122. The partial articulation control line is coupled to the second rotation member 1312 and the partial articulation control line is coupled to the proximal actuator 300 through the second rotation member 1312. The end control lines are connected to the proximal actuator 300 on the inside of the adapter tube 122 through the first turnpiece 1311 and the second turnpiece 1312.

Thus, the proximal end effector 300 controls the corresponding joint movement by the joint control wire connected thereto to adjust the yaw direction and the yaw angle of the joint connected to the proximal end effector 300; the proximal end effector 300 may control the movement of the end effector 200 via end control wires so that the end effector 200 may perform a surgical procedure on a surgical site. The decoupling operator 132 can control the corresponding articulation joint control line connected to it via the second rotational member 1312 to adjust the yaw direction and yaw angle of the articulation joint connected to the second rotational member 1312.

The joint control line and the tail end control line can be separated by matching the connecting pipe 121 and the adapter pipe 122, so that the interference of the movement between the joint control line and the tail end control line is avoided, the mutual independence of the movement between the end effector 200 and the connecting joint is ensured, and the accuracy of the operation is ensured. Optionally, the connection tube 121 and the adapter tube 122 are both hollow tubular structures. Further, the connection tube 121 is an elongated tube.

Optionally, the first rotating member 1311 is fixed to the adaptor tube 122 of the adaptor assembly 120 by a screw, a fastener, or an adhesive, so as to ensure that the connection between the first rotating member 1311 and the adaptor tube 122 is reliable. Optionally, the adapter tube 122 and the connection tube 121 are connected and fixed by a screw, a fastener, or glue, so as to ensure reliable connection between the adapter tube 122 and the connection tube 121.

In one embodiment, the rotating members are arranged in a spherical shape, two adjacent joint bodies are provided with rotating grooves, and the rotating members are respectively arranged in the rotating grooves of the joint bodies on two sides. One side part of the rotating member is positioned in the rotating groove of one joint body, and the other side part of the rotating member is positioned in the rotating groove of the other joint body. That is, the spherical rotary member and the rotary groove having the joint body form a ball pair.

The joint main body can move along the rotating piece through the inner wall of the rotating groove under the acting force of the joint control line, and the rotation of the joint main body is realized. The joint main bodies are respectively matched with the rotating piece through the corresponding rotating grooves, so that the deflection direction and the deflection angle of the connecting joint can be adjusted. Meanwhile, the two joint main bodies are matched with the rotating piece through the rotating groove, so that the structure is compact, the size of the connecting joint is reduced, and the far-end executing mechanism 100 can stretch into a narrow space for use.

Optionally, when two adjacent joint bodies are rotatably connected through the rotating member, a certain gap exists between the two adjacent joint bodies, and the gap provides a rotation space for the rotation of the adjacent joint bodies, so that the two adjacent joint bodies are prevented from interfering. Illustratively, the joint body is provided in a cylindrical shape, and both ends of the cylindrical shape are provided with concave rotation grooves, and the radius of the rotation grooves is smaller than that of the rotation pieces. The rotating slot partially receives the rotating member.

In one embodiment, the rotating member includes a first rotating portion and a second rotating portion, the first rotating portion is mounted on a joint body, the second rotating portion is mounted on an adjacent joint body, and the first rotating portion and the second rotating portion are rotatably connected. One end of the first rotating part is connected with one joint main body, the other end of the first rotating part is rotatably connected with the second rotating part, and one end, far away from the first rotating part, of the second rotating part is connected with the other joint main body. The first rotating part is rotatable with respect to the second rotating member 1122. When joint control line control connection joint motion, the joint main part can be rotated around the second rotating part through first rotating part to realize that the joint main part moves for adjacent joint main part, reach the purpose of adjusting and connecting joint deflection direction and deflection angle.

In one embodiment, the first rotating portion and the second rotating portion are the cooperation of a rotating ball and a rotating groove. It will be appreciated that the form of the rotary member is in principle not limited, as long as a rotatable connection of the two joint bodies is achieved. Optionally, one end of the first rotating portion facing the second rotating portion is a spherical rotating ball, one end of the second rotating portion facing the first rotating portion is provided with a spherical rotating groove, and the spherical rotating ball of the first rotating portion can rotate in the rotating groove of the second connecting member. Optionally, one end of the first rotating portion facing the second rotating portion is a spherical rotating groove, one end of the second rotating portion facing the first rotating portion is provided with a spherical rotating ball, and the spherical rotating ball of the second rotating portion can rotate in the rotating groove of the first rotating portion. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the first rotating part and the second rotating part are ball joints, ball bearings, universal joints, or other parts capable of realizing rotatable connection.

In one embodiment, the connection knuckle at the distal end of the multi-knuckle assembly 110 has a wire passing hole; the joint control line corresponding to the connection joint at the far end passes through the line passing hole. The joint control line is provided with a line passing hole, and the line passing hole is used for the joint control line corresponding to each joint to pass through. That is to say, the wire through hole of the distal connecting joint only allows the joint control wire of the corresponding pair of the distal connecting joints to pass through, and the wire through hole of the proximal connecting joint needs to allow the joint control wire of the corresponding pair of the distal connecting joints to pass through in addition to the joint control wire of the corresponding pair of the proximal connecting joints.

Illustratively, when the multi-joint assembly 110 includes two connecting joints, the wire-passing hole of the distal connecting joint only allows the joint control wire of the corresponding pair of the distal connecting joints to pass through; the thread through hole of the connecting joint at the near end needs to be penetrated by joint control wires of the two connecting joints. When the multi-joint assembly 110 comprises three connecting joints, the wire through hole of the distal connecting joint only allows the joint control wire corresponding to the distal connecting joint to pass through; the middle joint needs to be passed by joint control wires of the middle and far-end joint; the thread through holes of the proximal connecting joints are required to be penetrated by joint control lines of the three connecting joints. And so on.

In one embodiment, each joint is associated with a plurality of joint control wires, and some of the joint control wires are connected to the joint body at the distal end of the joint and pass through the joint body. That is, one end of the joint control wire is fixed on the joint main body connected with the distal end, and passes through the wire passing holes of the joint main bodies in sequence to extend out of the proximal end of the connecting joint. Therefore, medical staff can drive the corresponding joint main body to move around the rotating piece by operating the joint control line so as to adjust the pose of the joint main body and further adjust the pose of the connecting joint. And the number of the joint control lines is multiple, and the multiple joint control lines can ensure that the motion trail of the connecting joint is accurate.

Optionally, the plurality of joint control wires are evenly distributed along a circumference of the joint body. Therefore, the rotation control of the joint main body in the circumferential direction can be ensured, and the deflection direction and the deflection angle of the connecting joint can be adjusted conveniently. Optionally, the number of articulation control wires corresponding to the connected articulation at the proximal end is greater than the number of articulation control wires corresponding to the connected articulation at the distal end. This is because the control force required near the proximal joint is greater, and adjustment of the joint yaw direction and yaw angle can be facilitated by a greater number of joint control wires.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, it should be noted that in the distal actuating mechanism 100 of the present invention, the multi-joint assembly 110 may include two connecting joints, three connecting joints, or even more connecting joints, that is, the distal actuating mechanism 100 may implement multi-joint stepped decoupling, and is not limited to dual-stage decoupling. The specific structure and working principle of the multi-joint component 110 including other number of connecting joints are substantially the same as the specific structure and working principle of the multi-joint component including two connecting joints, the present invention only takes the example that the multi-joint component 110 includes two connecting joints, the remote actuator 100 can implement two-stage decoupling, and the other forms are not described in detail.

Referring to fig. 1-3, 6-10, in one embodiment, the multi-joint assembly 110 includes a first connecting joint 111 and a second connecting joint 112, wherein a distal end of the second connecting joint 112 is rotatably connected to a proximal end of the first connecting joint 111. The multi-joint assembly 110 further includes a first joint control wire connected to the first connecting joint 111 and extending through the second connecting joint 112 into the adapter assembly 120, and a second joint control wire connected to the second connecting joint 112 and extending into the adapter assembly 120.

Distally located in multi-joint assembly 110 is a first connecting joint 111 and proximally located is a second connecting joint 112. The first connecting joint 111 and the second connecting joint 112 are rotatably connected. The first joint control line is used for controlling the deflection direction and the deflection angle of the first connecting joint 111, and the second joint control line is used for controlling the deflection direction and the deflection angle of the second connecting joint 112.

Specifically, the first articulation control wire is connected from the distal end of the first connection articulation 111 to the proximal end of the first connection articulation 111 and extends through the second connection articulation 112 into the connection tube 121 of the adapter assembly 120. The first joint 111 can be controlled to rotate by the first joint control line to adjust the deflection direction and the deflection angle of the first joint 111. A second articulation control wire is connected from the distal end of the second connection articulation 112 to the proximal end of the second connection articulation 112 and extends into the connection tube 121 of the adapter assembly 120. The second joint control line can control the second joint 112 to rotate so as to adjust the deflection direction and the deflection angle of the second joint 112.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the first articulation control line passes through the second rotation member 1312 and is coupled to the proximal actuator 300. The second articulation control line is coupled to the second rotation member 1312. That is, the second linkage joint 112 may be locked and unlocked by the decoupling assembly 130, the direction of motion deflection and the angle of deflection of the second linkage joint 112 being controlled by the decoupling assembly 130, and the direction of motion deflection and the angle of deflection of the first linkage joint 111 being controlled by the proximal actuator 300.

Specifically, the second joint control wire is connected to the second rotation element 1312 through the connection tube 121, and the first joint control wire passes through the second connection joint 112, the connection tube 121 and the second rotation element 1312 to be connected to the proximal end effector 300. When the deflection direction and the deflection angle of the second connecting joint 112 are adjusted, the medical staff unlocks the decoupling fixing element 133, so that the decoupling fixing element 133 is separated from the second rotating element 1312, at this time, the medical staff operates the decoupling operation element 132, and drives the second rotating element 1312 to rotate relative to the first rotating element 1311 through the decoupling operation element 132, so that the second rotating element 1312 drives the second joint control line to move, and then the second joint control line drives the second connecting joint 112 to move, thereby controlling the movement of the second connecting joint 112. The adjustment of the deflection direction and the deflection angle of the second connecting joint 112 is realized by manipulating the orientation of the decoupling operation piece 132, so that the first connecting joint 111, the second connecting joint 112 and the end effector 200 can accurately bypass obstacles, avoid touching organs in the body of a patient, avoid causing injury to the patient, and ensure the safety of the operation.

When the deflection direction and the deflection angle of the first connecting joint 111 are adjusted, the medical staff operates the decoupling fixing member 133, so that the decoupling fixing member 133 abuts against the second rotating member 1312 to lock the second rotating member 1312, and at this time, the second connecting joint 112 keeps the current deflection direction and the current deflection angle fixed, and at the same time, the second rotating member 1312 does not rotate even if the decoupling operation member 132 is touched externally. In this way, the motion of the first connecting joint 111 does not affect the motion of the second connecting joint 112, so as to ensure accurate motion trajectories of the first connecting joint 111 and the second connecting joint 112, and achieve decoupling of the first connecting joint 111 and the second connecting joint 112. The proximal end actuator 300 can control the first joint control wire to move, and the first joint control wire passes through the second rotating member 1312 and then drives the first connecting joint 111 to move, thereby controlling the movement of the first connecting joint 111.

The deflection direction and the deflection angle of the first connection joint 111 are adjusted by manipulating the position of the proximal end actuator 300, so that the first connection joint 111 and the end effector 200 can accurately bypass obstacles and avoid touching organs in a patient body, thereby avoiding causing injury to the patient and ensuring the safety of the operation. Moreover, since the position of the second rotating element 1312 is locked by the decoupling fixing element 133, the first joint control line does not drive the second rotating element 1312 to rotate when moving, and therefore the moving track of the second connecting joint 112 is not affected.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the first articulation control wire is coupled to the second rotational member 1312. The second articulation control line passes through the second rotation member 1312 and is coupled to the proximal actuator 300. That is, the first linkage joint 111 may be locked and unlocked by the decoupling assembly 130, the direction of movement deflection and the angle of deflection of the first linkage joint 111 being controlled by the decoupling assembly 130, and the direction of movement deflection and the angle of deflection of the second linkage joint 112 being controlled by the proximal actuator 300.

Specifically, the first joint control wire is connected to the second rotation element 1312 through the second connection joint 112 and the connection tube 121, and the second joint control wire passes through the connection tube 121 and the second rotation element 1312 to be connected to the proximal end effector 300. When the deflection direction and the deflection angle of the first connecting joint 111 are adjusted, the medical staff unlocks the decoupling fixing piece 133, so that the decoupling fixing piece 133 is separated from the second rotating piece 1312, at this time, the medical staff operates the decoupling operation piece 132, the decoupling operation piece 132 drives the second rotating piece 1312 to rotate relative to the first rotating piece 1311, so that the second rotating piece 1312 drives the first joint control line to move, and then the first joint control line drives the first connecting joint 111 to move, thereby controlling the movement of the first connecting joint 111. The adjustment of the deflection direction and the deflection angle of the first connecting joint 111 is realized by manipulating the orientation of the decoupling operation piece 132, so that the first connecting joint 111, the second connecting joint 112 and the end effector 200 can accurately bypass obstacles, avoid touching organs in a patient body, avoid causing injury to the patient and ensure the safety of the operation.

When adjusting the deflection direction and the deflection angle of the second connecting joint 112, the medical staff operates the decoupling fixing member 133, so that the decoupling fixing member 133 abuts against the second rotating member 1312 to lock the second rotating member 1312, and at this time, the first connecting joint 111 keeps the current deflection direction and the current deflection angle fixed, and at the same time, the second rotating member 1312 does not rotate even if the decoupling operation member 132 is touched externally. In this way, the motion of the second connecting joint 112 does not affect the motion of the first connecting joint 111, so as to ensure accurate motion trajectories of the first connecting joint 111 and the second connecting joint 112, and achieve decoupling of the first connecting joint 111 and the second connecting joint 112. The proximal end effector 300 can control the movement of the second joint control wire, and the second joint control wire passes through the second rotation member 1312 and then drives the second connection joint 112 to move, thereby controlling the movement of the second connection joint 112.

The adjustment of the deflection direction and the deflection angle of the second connection joint 112 is realized by manipulating the position of the proximal end effector 300, so that the second connection joint 112 and the end effector 200 can accurately bypass obstacles, avoid touching organs in the body of the patient, avoid causing injury to the patient, and ensure the safety of the operation. Moreover, since the position of the second rotating element 1312 is locked by the decoupling fixing element 133, the second rotating element 1312 is not driven to rotate by the second joint control line when the second joint control line moves, and the moving track of the first joint 111 is not affected.

In one embodiment, the multi-joint assembly 110 further comprises a joint connector 113, wherein the joint connector 113 rotatably connects the two connecting joints. The articulation link 113 is used to achieve a rotatable connection between the two connected joints. Specifically, the first connecting joint 111 and the second connecting joint 112 are rotatably connected by a joint connection member 113, so that the angle between the first connecting joint 111 and the second connecting joint 112 can be arbitrarily adjusted to drive the end effector 200 to move to the surgical site, similar to the wrist joint and the elbow joint of the human body. When the first joint control line controls the first connection joint 111 to move, the first connection joint 111 may move relative to the second connection joint 112 through the joint connection member 113 to adjust the deflection direction and the deflection angle of the first connection joint 111.

In one embodiment, the joint connecting member 113 includes a first connecting member and a second connecting member, the first connecting member is mounted to one of the connecting joints, the second connecting member is mounted to the other connecting joint, and the first connecting member and the second connecting member are rotatably connected. One end of the first connecting piece is connected with the proximal end of the first connecting joint 111, the other end of the first connecting piece is rotatably connected with the second connecting piece, and one end of the second connecting piece far away from the first connecting piece is connected with the distal end of the second connecting joint 112. The first link is rotatable relative to the second link. When the first joint control line controls the first connecting joint 111 to move, the first connecting joint 111 can rotate around the second connecting piece through the first connecting piece, so that the first connecting joint 111 moves relative to the second connecting joint 112, and the purpose of adjusting the deflection direction and the deflection angle of the first connecting joint 111 is achieved.

It is to be understood that the form of the joint connector 113 is not limited in principle as long as the rotatable connection of the first connection joint 111 and the second connection joint 112 is achieved. Optionally, one end of the first connecting piece facing the second connecting piece is a spherical end, one end of the second connecting piece facing the first connecting piece is provided with a spherical groove, and the spherical end of the first connecting piece can rotate in the spherical groove of the second connecting piece. Optionally, one end of the first connecting piece facing the second connecting piece is a spherical groove, and one end of the second connecting piece facing the first connecting piece is provided with a spherical end, and the spherical end of the second connecting piece can rotate in the spherical groove of the first connecting piece. Optionally, the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece are spherical hinges or ball bearings. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the first and second connecting members may also be universal joints or other components that enable rotatable connection.

Optionally, the first connecting element is fixed to the proximal end of the first connecting joint 111 by a screw, a fastener, or by gluing, so as to ensure reliable connection between the first connecting element and the first connecting joint 111. Optionally, the second connecting member is fixed to the distal end of the second connecting joint 112 by a screw, a fastener, or glue, so as to ensure reliable connection between the second connecting member and the second connecting joint 112.

Optionally, the multi-joint assembly 110 further comprises a connection base at the end of the connection joint for mounting the joint connector 113 and connecting with the connection pipe 121. Illustratively, the connection base connects the proximal end of the second connection joint 112 with the connection tube 121; the connection base is disposed at the distal end of the second connection joint 112 for mounting a second connector.

Referring to fig. 6, 8 and 9, in an embodiment, the first connection joint 111 includes a plurality of first joint bodies 1111 and a first rotating member 1112 rotatably connected to the first joint bodies 1111, the first joint bodies 1111 have a plurality of first wire holes 11111 for the first joint control wire to pass through, and the plurality of first wire holes 11111 are uniformly distributed. A plurality of wire passing holes are uniformly distributed at the edge position of the first joint main body 1111, and at least one first joint control wire is arranged in each wire passing hole. Adjustment of the motion of the first joint 111 may be achieved by controlling a plurality of first joint control wires.

Optionally, the number of the first wire holes 11111 is four, the four first wire holes 11111 are uniformly distributed, and one first joint control wire is installed in each wire hole. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the number of first articulation control holes may also be one, two, three or even more.

Referring to fig. 7 and 10, in an embodiment, the second connection joint 112 includes a plurality of second joint bodies 1121 and a second rotating member 1122 rotatably connected to the second joint bodies 1121, each of the second joint bodies 1121 has a plurality of wire hole groups for passing the first joint control wire and the second joint control wire, and the plurality of wire hole groups are uniformly distributed. A plurality of wire through hole groups are uniformly distributed on the edge of the second joint main body 1121, and the wire through hole groups are used for installing at least one first joint control wire and at least one second joint control wire. The motion of the second connecting joint 112 is controlled by controlling the plurality of second joint control wires.

Optionally, the number of wire-passing hole groups is equal to the number of first wire-passing holes 11111, so as to ensure that the first joint control wires in the first wire-passing holes 11111 can all extend through the corresponding wire-passing hole groups. Optionally, the number of the wire through hole groups is four, and the four wire through hole groups are uniformly distributed. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the number of the wire hole groups may also be one, two, three or even more.

In one embodiment, the wire through hole set includes a second wire through hole 11211 and a third wire through hole 11212 which are adjacent to each other and located in the same circumferential direction, the second wire through hole 11211 is used for the first joint control wire to pass through, and the third wire through hole 11212 is used for the second joint control wire to pass through. That is, the radius of the circumference where the second line through hole 11211 is located is the same as the radius of the circumference where the third line through hole 11212 is located. This can reduce the influence of the first joint control line on the second connecting joint 112.

Also, the second wire through hole 11211 of the second joint body 1121 is collinear with the axis of the wire through hole of the first joint body 1111. Therefore, the first joint control wire passes through the second wire passing hole 11211 of the second joint main body 1121 and extends into the first wire passing hole 11111 of the first joint main body 1111, so that the first joint control wire is prevented from being bent, and the accurate control of the motion track of the connecting joint is ensured. The placement of the third wire hole 11212 adjacent to the second wire hole 11211 may facilitate control of the second joint lead. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the second wire hole 11211 and the third wire hole 11212 may also be overlapped, that is, the first joint control wire and the second joint control wire are installed in the same wire hole.

In one embodiment, the number of the third via holes 11212 is two, the number of the second via holes 11211 is one, and two third via holes 11212 are located at both sides of the second via holes 11211. That is, the number of the second joint control wires is greater than that of the first joint control wires, which facilitates the medical staff to adjust the deflection direction and the deflection angle of the second connecting joint 112. And each joint control line is symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the connecting joint, so that the stress of the two symmetrical joint control lines is coaxial with the central axis in effect, the problem of eccentric stress caused by the arrangement of a single side line is solved, and the adjusting effect of the deflection direction and the deflection angle of the connecting joint is ensured.

Referring to fig. 1-3, in one embodiment, distal actuator 100 further includes a mount 140, mount 140 being rotatably disposed at a distal end of multi-joint assembly 110, mount 140 being configured to removably couple end effector 200. The end control wire passes through the mounting base 140 and is connected to the end effector 200, and the end control wire also passes through the first connecting joint 111, the second connecting joint 112, the connecting tube 121 and the adapter tube 122 and is connected to the proximal end effector 300. Alternatively, the rotatable connection between the mount 140 and the first connection joint 111 may be achieved by the joint connection 113.

It will be appreciated that when end effector 200 is in a fixed fashion, i.e., freedom of movement, end effector 200 is not connected to an end control line. When the end effector 200 is a component having a degree of freedom, the end effector 200 is connected to an end control line. In one embodiment, the distal actuator 100 further comprises at least one end control wire coupled to the end effector 200 through the mounting block 140, and coupled to the proximal actuator 300 through the respective articulating rotating members.

Specifically, the end control wires extend through the respective rotating members of the joint, the connection tube 121, and the adapter tube 122, and are connected to the proximal end effector 300. Moreover, the appropriate degree of freedom can be selected according to actual requirements, and then the appropriate number of terminal control lines can be added. Alternatively, one to four terminal control lines may be added. If the end effector 200 has one degree of freedom, one or two end control lines may be used; if the end effector 200 has two degrees of freedom, two to four end control wires may be used. Of course, more terminal control lines may be provided. Illustratively, referring to fig. 6, 7 and 9, the number of the end control lines is two, two fourth line holes 11121 are formed in the first rotating member 1112, and the fourth line holes 11121 are used for the end control lines to pass through; two fifth wire holes 11221 are formed in the second rotating member 1122, and the fifth wire holes 11221 allow an end control wire to pass therethrough.

Alternatively, the articulation control wires and the end control wires include, but are not limited to, wires, ropes, and the like, and may be any type of flexible member or other component capable of controlling the articulation of the joint.

Referring to fig. 1, the present invention also provides a surgical instrument including an end effector 200, a proximal effector 300, and the distal actuator 100 of the above embodiments. The end effector 200 is mounted to the distal end of the multi-joint assembly 110 of the distal actuator 100 and the proximal effector 300 is coupled to the adapter assembly 120 of the distal actuator 100. Specifically, mount 140 is located at a distal end of articulated assembly 110, and end effector 200 is mounted to mount 140, with end control wires controlling the movement of end effector 200. Alternatively, end effector 200 may be a caliper, needle, scalpel, or the like. It is understood that the proximal end effector 300 may be constructed as in current surgical instruments and need not be described in detail herein.

After the surgical instrument adopts the distal end executing mechanism of the embodiment, the decoupling operation of each connecting joint in the multi-joint assembly can be realized, so that the movement of each connecting joint cannot interfere, the accurate control of the end effector and the multi-joint assembly is ensured, the end effector and the multi-joint assembly can bypass barriers, the organs in a patient body are prevented from being touched, and the accuracy of the operation is ensured.

The technical features of the embodiments described above can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. The multi-joint assembly is characterized by comprising a joint connecting piece, a plurality of connecting joints which are rotatably connected in series and joint control lines which are connected with the corresponding connecting joints, wherein the joint connecting piece is rotatably connected with two adjacent connecting joints; the connecting joint comprises a plurality of joint main bodies and a plurality of rotating pieces, and every two adjacent joint main bodies are connected through the rotating pieces;

the connection joint is provided with wire passing holes, the number of the wire passing holes on the connection joint is gradually increased from the far end to the near end of the multi-joint assembly, the wire passing holes of the connection joint of the multi-joint assembly at the far end are used for joint control wires at the far end to pass through, and the wire passing holes of the connection joint of the multi-joint assembly at the near end are used for joint control wires at the far end and joint control wires at the near end to pass through.

2. The multi-joint assembly according to claim 1, wherein the rotating members are disposed in a spherical shape, and two adjacent joint bodies have rotating grooves, and the rotating members are respectively mounted in the rotating grooves of the joint bodies on both sides.

3. The multi-joint assembly of claim 2, wherein each of said plurality of articulation joints includes a plurality of articulation control wires, some of said articulation control wires being connected to an articulation body at a distal end of said articulation joints and extending through each of said articulation bodies.

4. The multi-joint assembly of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the multi-joint assembly comprises a first connection joint and a second connection joint, a distal end of the second connection joint being rotatably connected to a proximal end of the first connection joint;

5. The multi-joint assembly of claim 4, wherein the first connection joint comprises a plurality of first joint bodies and a first rotating member rotatably connected to the first joint bodies, the first joint bodies having a plurality of first wire passing holes for the first joint control wires to pass through, the plurality of first wire passing holes being evenly distributed.

6. The multi-joint assembly of claim 4, wherein the second connecting joint comprises a plurality of second joint bodies and a second rotating member rotatably connected to the second joint bodies, the second joint bodies having a plurality of wire through hole sets for the first joint control wires and the second joint control wires to pass through, the plurality of wire through hole sets being uniformly distributed.

7. The multi-joint assembly according to claim 6, wherein the wire through hole set comprises a second wire through hole and a third wire through hole which are adjacent and located in the same circumferential direction, the second wire through hole is used for the first joint control wire to pass through, and the third wire through hole is used for the second joint control wire to pass through.

8. The multi-joint assembly according to claim 7, wherein the number of the third wire passing holes is two, the number of the second wire passing holes is one, and the two third wire passing holes are located on both sides of the second wire passing hole.

9. A distal actuator, comprising:

the multi-joint assembly of any one of claims 1 to 8; and

10. The distal actuator of claim 9, wherein each of the connecting joints corresponds to one of the decoupling assemblies, or wherein the number of connecting joints is greater than the number of decoupling assemblies.

11. The distal actuator of claims 9 or 10, further comprising a mount rotatably mounted to a distal end of the multi-joint assembly, the mount for mounting an end effector;

12. A surgical device comprising a surgical instrument, a proximal end effector, and a distal end actuator as claimed in any one of claims 9 to 11;