CN112098781A - Method for establishing signal transmission model of high-voltage cable partial discharge based on MATLAB/Simulink technology - Google Patents
Method for establishing signal transmission model of high-voltage cable partial discharge based on MATLAB/Simulink technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及高压电缆放电信号处理技术领域，特别是一种基于MATLAB/Simulink技术的高压电缆局放信号传输模型建立方法。The invention relates to the technical field of high-voltage cable discharge signal processing, in particular to a method for establishing a high-voltage cable partial discharge signal transmission model based on MATLAB/Simulink technology.
背景技术Background technique
随着我国经济的快速发展，城镇化的规模不断扩大，用电量不断增长。在人口众多的大城市中，由于电缆具有占地少、安全可靠性高、优化城市环境等优点，高压电缆的使用量逐渐增多。截止2012年底，国家电网公司系统在运6-500千伏电缆线路总长度为312441公里。With the rapid development of my country's economy, the scale of urbanization continues to expand, and electricity consumption continues to grow. In large cities with large populations, the use of high-voltage cables is gradually increasing due to the advantages of cables with small footprint, high safety and reliability, and optimized urban environment. By the end of 2012, the total length of the 6-500kV cable lines in operation in the State Grid Corporation of China was 312,441 kilometers.
随着电力电缆的广泛应用，并向着更高电压等级的方向迅速发展，投运时间较长的电缆因为电、热、机械、化学等因素引起的绝缘老化和故障事故屡见不鲜，并呈现增多的趋势，严重威胁电力系统安全可靠运行。一旦地下电缆发生故障，寻找及挖掘起来十分困难，不仅要浪费大量人力物力，带来难以估计的停电损失，而且会对其他行业及人们日常生活带来很大负面效应，造成严重的经济损失和社会影响。因此，研究电缆状态监测方法，对于延长电缆寿命、加强电缆运行的可靠性有着关键的作用。With the wide application of power cables and the rapid development towards higher voltage levels, insulation aging and failure accidents caused by electrical, thermal, mechanical, chemical and other factors of cables with a long operating time are not uncommon and show an increasing trend. , a serious threat to the safe and reliable operation of the power system. Once the underground cable fails, it is very difficult to find and excavate, not only a lot of manpower and material resources will be wasted, resulting in unpredictable power outage losses, but also great negative effects on other industries and people's daily life, causing serious economic losses and social influence. Therefore, the study of the cable condition monitoring method plays a key role in prolonging the life of the cable and enhancing the reliability of the cable operation.
在电缆各种故障发生初期，由于电缆整体或绝缘结构发生了变化，就会引起电缆内部电荷分布的改变，进而造成某些部位场强偏大。在这种电场的作用下，电缆绝缘系统中会有部分区域发生局部放电，电力电缆局部放电量与电力电缆绝缘状况密切相关，因此基于局部放电的电缆检测方法得到了广泛应用。In the early stage of various cable faults, due to changes in the overall cable or insulation structure, it will cause changes in the distribution of electric charges inside the cable, which in turn causes the field strength to be too large in some parts. Under the action of this electric field, partial discharge will occur in some areas of the cable insulation system. The partial discharge of the power cable is closely related to the insulation condition of the power cable. Therefore, the cable detection method based on partial discharge has been widely used.
随着电缆局放检测的应用，电缆局放信号受到电缆长度、电缆型号、局放信号频率的影响问题日益突出，因此必须找到一种方法研究电缆局放信号的传输特性。With the application of cable partial discharge detection, the problem that the cable partial discharge signal is affected by the cable length, cable type, and partial discharge signal frequency has become increasingly prominent. Therefore, a method must be found to study the transmission characteristics of the cable partial discharge signal.
本发明针对220kV高压电缆局放信号的传输特性进行研究，基于MATLAB/Simulink建立高压电缆局放信号传输模型，研究电缆的长度、型号、局放信号频率对局放信号传输的影响，以期对电缆局放检测研究提供技术方案。The present invention studies the transmission characteristics of the partial discharge signal of the 220kV high-voltage cable, establishes the partial discharge signal transmission model of the high-voltage cable based on MATLAB/Simulink, and studies the influence of the length, type and frequency of the partial discharge signal of the cable on the partial discharge signal transmission, in order to improve the transmission of the partial discharge signal of the cable. Provide technical solutions for partial discharge detection research.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
针对现有电缆局放检测局放信号受电缆长度、电缆型号和局放信号频率影响，以及220kV高压电缆局放信号传输模型较少等问题，本发明提供一种基于MATLAB/Simulink技术的高压电缆局放信号传输模型建立方法，深入研究电缆局放传输特性，保证局放检测的准确性，保障电缆正常运行，进一步提高电力系统供配电的连续性和可靠性。Aiming at the problems that the PD signal of the existing cable PD detection is affected by the cable length, the cable type and the PD signal frequency, and the PD signal transmission model of the 220kV high-voltage cable is less, the present invention provides a high-voltage cable based on MATLAB/Simulink technology. The method of establishing partial discharge signal transmission model, in-depth study of cable partial discharge transmission characteristics, to ensure the accuracy of partial discharge detection, to ensure the normal operation of cables, and to further improve the continuity and reliability of power supply and distribution in the power system.
本发明解决其技术问题是采取以下技术方案实现的：The present invention solves its technical problem by adopting the following technical solutions to realize:
一种基于MATLAB/Simulink技术的高压电缆局放信号传输模型建立方法，具体方法步骤如下：A method for establishing a PD signal transmission model for high-voltage cables based on MATLAB/Simulink technology, the specific method steps are as follows:
(1)局放信号选择(1) PD signal selection
用双指数震荡衰减模型DEAOW来模拟局放信号，其数学表达式为：The partial discharge signal is simulated by the double exponential oscillation attenuation model DEAOW, and its mathematical expression is:
f(t)＝A(e-1.3t/τ-e-2.2t/τ)sin(2πfct) (1)f(t)=A(e -1.3t/τ -e -2.2t/τ )sin(2πf c t) (1)
其中：A为局放脉冲幅值；Among them: A is the PD pulse amplitude;
τ为衰减系数；τ is the attenuation coefficient;
fc为振荡频率；f c is the oscillation frequency;
t为时间；t is time;
(2)电缆模型选择(2) Cable model selection
选用Simulink中的Distributed parameters line作为线路模型，通过改变分布参数：单位长度的电阻R0、电感L0、电容C0和漏电导G0，改变电缆的型号，电缆等效模型和参数设置如下：The Distributed parameters line in Simulink is selected as the line model. By changing the distribution parameters: resistance R 0 , inductance L 0 , capacitance C 0 and leakage conductance G 0 per unit length, the model of the cable is changed. The cable equivalent model and parameter settings are as follows:
其中，DA为电缆屏蔽层直径；Among them, D A is the diameter of the cable shielding layer;
DC为电缆线芯直径；D C is the diameter of the cable core;
ε为材料相对介电常数；ε is the relative permittivity of the material;
ε0为真空介电常数；ε 0 is the vacuum dielectric constant;
μ0为磁导率；μ 0 is the permeability;
Li、Le分别为内部电感和外部电感；Li and Le are the internal inductance and the external inductance , respectively;
ρ为导线材料的电阻率；ρ is the resistivity of the wire material;
(3)电缆局放信号仿真模型电路建立(3) Establishment of cable partial discharge signal simulation model circuit
基于Simulink搭建电缆局放信号仿真模型电路。The simulation model circuit of cable partial discharge signal is built based on Simulink.
而且，DA为电缆屏蔽层的电缆外径。Also, DA is the cable outer diameter of the cable shield.
而且，DC为电缆线芯直径的内径。Also, DC is the inner diameter of the cable core diameter.
而且，所述的电缆局放信号仿真模型电路包括时钟信号、函数模块、受控电压源、电缆、采样电阻、电压测量模块及示波器，所述的时钟信号连接函数模块，函数模块一路连接示波器，一路连接受控电压源，受控电压源正极连接电缆的正极，受控电压源负极接地线，电缆负极连接电压测量模块的正极，电压测量模块一路负极与电缆负极端串联，另一路连接示波器。Moreover, the cable partial discharge signal simulation model circuit includes a clock signal, a function module, a controlled voltage source, a cable, a sampling resistor, a voltage measurement module and an oscilloscope, the clock signal is connected to the function module, and the function module is connected to the oscilloscope all the way. One way is connected to the controlled voltage source, the positive pole of the controlled voltage source is connected to the positive pole of the cable, the negative pole of the controlled voltage source is connected to the ground wire, the negative pole of the cable is connected to the positive pole of the voltage measurement module, the negative pole of the voltage measurement module is connected in series with the negative pole of the cable, and the other way is connected to the oscilloscope.
而且，所述电缆局放信号仿真模型电路的分析工具为Discrete，s＝1e-08。Moreover, the analysis tool of the cable partial discharge signal simulation model circuit is Discrete, s=1e-08.
而且，所述采样电阻的负极接地。Moreover, the negative electrode of the sampling resistor is grounded.
本发明的优点和积极效果是：The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:
本发明针对220kV高压电缆局放信号的传输特性进行研究，基于MATLAB/Simulink建立高压电缆局放信号传输模型，研究电缆的长度、型号、局放信号频率对局放信号传输的影响，以期对电缆局放检测研究提供技术方案。The present invention studies the transmission characteristics of the partial discharge signal of the 220kV high-voltage cable, establishes the partial discharge signal transmission model of the high-voltage cable based on MATLAB/Simulink, and studies the influence of the length, type and frequency of the partial discharge signal of the cable on the partial discharge signal transmission, in order to improve the transmission of the partial discharge signal of the cable. Provide technical solutions for partial discharge detection research.
针对现有电缆局放检测局放信号受电缆长度、电缆型号和局放信号频率影响，以及220kV高压电缆局放信号传输模型较少等问题，本发明提供一种基于MATLAB/Simulink技术的高压电缆局放信号传输模型建立方法，深入研究电缆局放传输特性，保证局放检测的准确性，保障电缆正常运行，进一步提高电力系统供配电的连续性和可靠性，本方法能较好的模拟220kV高压电缆局放信号传播特性，有利于深入认识电缆局放信号传播特性。Aiming at the problems that the PD signal of the existing cable PD detection is affected by the cable length, the cable type and the PD signal frequency, and the PD signal transmission model of the 220kV high-voltage cable is less, the present invention provides a high-voltage cable based on MATLAB/Simulink technology. The method of establishing partial discharge signal transmission model, in-depth study of cable partial discharge transmission characteristics, to ensure the accuracy of partial discharge detection, to ensure the normal operation of cables, and to further improve the continuity and reliability of power supply and distribution in the power system. This method can simulate well The signal propagation characteristics of 220kV high-voltage cable partial discharge is conducive to in-depth understanding of the signal propagation characteristics of cable partial discharge.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为局放信号的双指数震荡衰减模型；Figure 1 shows the double exponential oscillation attenuation model of the partial discharge signal;
图2为高压电缆的等效仿真模型；Figure 2 is an equivalent simulation model of a high-voltage cable;
图3为参数设置模块；Figure 3 is the parameter setting module;
图4为仿真模型；Figure 4 is a simulation model;
图5为局放信号幅值随长度变化情况；Figure 5 shows the variation of PD signal amplitude with length;
图6为1km电缆局放信号波形；Figure 6 is the partial discharge signal waveform of the 1km cable;
图7为局放信号幅值随电缆标称截面变化；Figure 7 shows the variation of the PD signal amplitude with the nominal cross-section of the cable;
图8为1000mm2电缆局放信号波形；Figure 8 is the partial discharge signal waveform of the 1000mm 2 cable;
图9为局放信号幅值随局放信号频率变化；Figure 9 shows the variation of the PD signal amplitude with the frequency of the PD signal;
图10为1MHz电缆局放信号波形。Figure 10 is the signal waveform of 1MHz cable partial discharge.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面通过具体实施例对本发明作进一步详述，以下实施例只是描述性的，不是限定性的，不能以此限定本发明的保护范围。The present invention will be further described in detail below through specific examples. The following examples are only descriptive, not restrictive, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present invention.
一种基于MATLAB/Simulink技术的高压电缆局放信号传输模型建立方法，具体方法步骤如下：A method for establishing a PD signal transmission model for high-voltage cables based on MATLAB/Simulink technology, the specific method steps are as follows:
(1)局放信号选择(1) PD signal selection
局放信号是一种具有陡峭上升沿、包含多种高频率分量的窄脉冲信号。高频分量主要集中的频率范围为1kHz-100MHz，并且频率越高，其在电力电缆中传播时的衰减将会越严重。通常用双指数震荡衰减模型(DEAOW)来模拟局放信号，其数学表达式为：The PD signal is a narrow pulse signal with a steep rising edge and contains a variety of high frequency components. The frequency range where high-frequency components are mainly concentrated is 1kHz-100MHz, and the higher the frequency, the more serious the attenuation will be when it propagates in the power cable. The PD signal is usually simulated by the Double Exponential Oscillation Attenuation Model (DEAOW), and its mathematical expression is:
f(t)＝A(e-1.3t/τ-e-2.2t/τ)sin(2πfct) (1)f(t)=A(e -1.3t/τ -e -2.2t/τ )sin(2πf c t) (1)
其中：A为局放脉冲幅值；τ为衰减系数；fc为振荡频率；t为时间。Among them: A is the partial discharge pulse amplitude; τ is the attenuation coefficient; f c is the oscillation frequency; t is the time.
双指数震荡衰减模型的波形如图1所示。The waveform of the double exponential oscillation decay model is shown in Figure 1.
(2)电缆模型选择(2) Cable model selection
选用Simulink中的Distributed parameters line作为线路模型，通过改变分布参数：单位长度的电阻R0、电感L0、电容C0和漏电导G0，改变电缆的型号。电缆等效模型和参数设置模块如图2和3所示。The Distributed parameters line in Simulink is selected as the line model, and the model of the cable is changed by changing the distribution parameters: resistance R 0 per unit length, inductance L 0 , capacitance C 0 and leakage conductance G 0 . The cable equivalent model and parameter setting modules are shown in Figures 2 and 3.
其中，DA为电缆屏蔽层直径(即外径)、DC为电缆线芯直径(即内径)；ε为材料相对介电常数；ε0为真空介电常数；μ0为磁导率；Li、Le分别为内部电感和外部电感；ρ为导线材料的电阻率。Among them, D A is the diameter of the cable shielding layer (ie the outer diameter), D C is the diameter of the cable core (ie the inner diameter); ε is the relative permittivity of the material; ε 0 is the vacuum permittivity; μ 0 is the magnetic permeability; Li and Le are the internal inductance and the external inductance respectively; ρ is the resistivity of the wire material.
(3)电缆局放信号仿真模型建立(3) Establishment of simulation model of cable partial discharge signal
基于Simulink搭建电缆局放信号仿真模型，将局放信号从电缆的一端A点注入，观察从电缆另一端B点出来的信号波形并将其与原始信号波形进行对比分析，如图4所示。Build a cable PD signal simulation model based on Simulink, inject the PD signal from point A at one end of the cable, observe the signal waveform from point B at the other end of the cable, and compare and analyze it with the original signal waveform, as shown in Figure 4.
所述的电缆局放信号仿真模型电路包括时钟信号、函数模块、受控电压源、电缆、采样电阻、电压测量模块及示波器，所述的时钟信号连接函数模块，函数模块一路连接示波器，一路连接受控电压源，受控电压源正极连接电缆的正极，受控电压源负极接地线，电缆负极连接电压测量模块的正极，电压测量模块一路负极与电缆负极端串联，另一路连接示波器。The cable partial discharge signal simulation model circuit includes a clock signal, a function module, a controlled voltage source, a cable, a sampling resistor, a voltage measurement module and an oscilloscope. Controlled voltage source, the positive pole of the controlled voltage source is connected to the positive pole of the cable, the negative pole of the controlled voltage source is connected to the ground wire, and the negative pole of the cable is connected to the positive pole of the voltage measurement module.
所述电缆局放信号仿真模型电路的分析工具为Discrete，s＝1e-08。The analysis tool of the cable partial discharge signal simulation model circuit is Discrete, s=1e-08.
所述采样电阻的负极接地。The negative electrode of the sampling resistor is grounded.
(4)电缆长度对局放信号传输特性的影响(4) Influence of cable length on the transmission characteristics of PD signals
设置电缆模块Line length不同时，局放信号幅值如图5所示。由图5知随着电缆长度的增加，局放信号的幅值不断衰减，衰减速度逐渐减慢，电缆1km时的局放波形如图6所示。When the line length of the cable module is set to be different, the PD signal amplitude is shown in Figure 5. It can be seen from Figure 5 that with the increase of the cable length, the amplitude of the PD signal is continuously attenuated, and the attenuation speed is gradually slowed down. The PD waveform when the cable is 1km is shown in Figure 6.
(5)电缆型号对局放信号传输特性的影响(5) Influence of cable type on PD signal transmission characteristics
以220kV YJLW-03型号电缆为模型，根据公式(2)计算电缆分布参数，分析电缆标称截面不同时局放信号的变化情况。当电缆标称截面不同时，局放信号幅值变化如图7所示，标称截面为1000mm2的电缆局放波形如图8所示。Taking the 220kV YJLW-03 cable as the model, the distribution parameters of the cable are calculated according to formula (2), and the variation of the PD signal at different nominal cross-sections of the cable is analyzed. When the nominal section of the cable is different, the PD signal amplitude change is shown in Figure 7, and the PD waveform of the cable with a nominal section of 1000mm 2 is shown in Figure 8.
(6)局放信号频率对传输特性的影响(6) Influence of partial discharge signal frequency on transmission characteristics
当局放信号的频率不同时，局放信号幅值变化情况如图9所示。由图知随着电缆局放信号的增加，局放信号的幅值不断衰减，衰减速度逐渐减慢。频率为1MHz局放信号的波形如图10所示。When the frequencies of the PD signals are different, the variation of the PD signal amplitude is shown in Figure 9. It can be seen from the figure that with the increase of the PD signal of the cable, the amplitude of the PD signal is continuously attenuated, and the attenuation speed gradually slows down. The waveform of the partial discharge signal with a frequency of 1MHz is shown in Figure 10.
本发明针对220kV高压电缆局放信号的传输特性进行研究，基于MATLAB/Simulink建立高压电缆局放信号传输模型，研究电缆的长度、型号、局放信号频率对局放信号传输的影响，以期对电缆局放检测研究提供技术方案。The present invention studies the transmission characteristics of the partial discharge signal of the 220kV high-voltage cable, establishes the partial discharge signal transmission model of the high-voltage cable based on MATLAB/Simulink, and studies the influence of the length, type and frequency of the partial discharge signal of the cable on the partial discharge signal transmission, in order to improve the transmission of the partial discharge signal of the cable. Provide technical solutions for partial discharge detection research.
针对现有电缆局放检测局放信号受电缆长度、电缆型号和局放信号频率影响，以及220kV高压电缆局放信号传输模型较少等问题，本发明提供一种基于MATLAB/Simulink技术的高压电缆局放信号传输模型建立方法，深入研究电缆局放传输特性，保证局放检测的准确性，保障电缆正常运行，进一步提高电力系统供配电的连续性和可靠性，本方法能较好的模拟220kV高压电缆局放信号传播特性，有利于深入认识电缆局放信号传播特性。Aiming at the problems that the PD signal of the existing cable PD detection is affected by the cable length, the cable type and the PD signal frequency, and the PD signal transmission model of the 220kV high-voltage cable is less, the present invention provides a high-voltage cable based on MATLAB/Simulink technology. The method of establishing partial discharge signal transmission model, in-depth study of cable partial discharge transmission characteristics, to ensure the accuracy of partial discharge detection, to ensure the normal operation of cables, and to further improve the continuity and reliability of power supply and distribution in the power system. This method can simulate well The signal propagation characteristics of 220kV high-voltage cable partial discharge is conducive to in-depth understanding of the signal propagation characteristics of cable partial discharge.
尽管为说明目的公开了本发明的实施例，但是本领域的技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本发明及所附权利要求的精神和范围内，各种替换、变化和修改都是可能的，因此，本发明的范围不局限于实施例所公开的内容。Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various substitutions, changes and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and the appended claims, therefore , the scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents disclosed in the embodiments.
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