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CN112074572A - 导热性硅橡胶组合物和其片材及其制造方法 - Google Patents

导热性硅橡胶组合物和其片材及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN112074572A
CN112074572A CN201980029898.6A CN201980029898A CN112074572A CN 112074572 A CN112074572 A CN 112074572A CN 201980029898 A CN201980029898 A CN 201980029898A CN 112074572 A CN112074572 A CN 112074572A
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thermally conductive
conductive silicone
sheet
silicone composition
silicone
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小川敏树
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Fuji Polymer Industries Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种导热性有机硅组合物,其是以有机硅作为基体成分、且包含导热填充剂的导热性有机硅组合物,基体成分包含具有乙烯基的有机硅基础聚合物和不具有乙烯基的硅油,导热填充剂包含氮化铝粒子,所述有机硅组合物包含过氧化物作为固化成分。本发明的导热性有机硅片材(1)是通过将导热性有机硅组合物(3、4)涂敷于玻璃纤维布(2)的上胶片材的至少一面而得到的,其中,将导热性有机硅片材的厚度设定为0.1~1mm。由此,提供柔软、还具有强度、导热性也高的导热性硅橡胶组合物和其片材及其制造方法。

Description

导热性硅橡胶组合物和其片材及其制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及导热性硅橡胶组合物和其片材及其制造方法。
背景技术
计算机(CPU)、晶体管、发光二极管(LED)等半导体在使用中放热,有时由于该热而导致电子部件的性能降低。因此,在放热那样的电子部件中安装散热体。由于散热器大多为金属,因此为了使CPU与散热部的密合良好,采用插入片材状或凝胶状的导热性组合物来提高密合度的方法。对于这样的导热性组合物,为了最终目的即提高散热材料的热传导系数而必须大量含有导热性无机粉体,但若单纯地增加导热性无机粉体的配合,则在弹性体状的散热材料的情况下,存在硬度变得过高而无法将电子部件与散热器的间隔设定为规定的薄度的问题、无法将电子部件与散热器的间隙如期待那样填埋等问题。另外,在弹性体或凝胶状散热材料的情况下,存在压缩永久应变变大而长期可靠性也降低的倾向。进而还存在因高温热过程而硬度上升的问题。
为了解决这些问题,以往提出了各种各样的方法。本申请人在专利文献1中提出了将小粒子的氧化铝用烷基硅烷化合物进行表面处理。另外,有使用0.1~5μm的无定形氧化铝和5~50μm的球状氧化铝的提议(专利文献2)等。进而在专利文献3中,提出了使用了玻璃纤维布的导热性片材。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本再表2009-136542号公报
专利文献2:日本特开平2-41362号公报
专利文献4:日本特开2015-233104号公报
发明内容
发明所要解决的课题
但是,现有技术的导热性硅橡胶存在热阻值高的问题。
本发明为了解决上述以往的问题,提供热阻值低的导热性硅橡胶组合物和其片材及其制造方法。
用于解决课题的手段
本发明的导热性有机硅组合物的特征在于,其是以有机硅作为基体成分、且包含导热填充剂的导热性有机硅组合物,上述基体成分包含具有乙烯基的有机硅基础聚合物和不具有乙烯基的硅油,上述导热填充剂包含氮化铝粒子,所述导热性有机硅组合物包含过氧化物作为固化成分。
本发明的导热性有机硅片材的特征在于,其是将上述的导热性有机硅组合物涂敷于玻璃纤维布的上胶片材(sizing sheet)的至少一面而得到的导热性有机硅片材,上述导热性有机硅片材的厚度为0.1~1mm。
本发明的导热性有机硅片材的制造方法的特征在于,其包含:通过在上述的导热性有机硅组合物中添加稀释液而制成涂敷液;使玻璃纤维布中浸渗上述涂敷液,干燥后进行加热固化而制成上胶片材;对上述玻璃纤维布的上胶片材的至少一面涂敷上述涂敷液,干燥后进行加热固化。
发明效果
本发明通过基体成分包含具有乙烯基的有机硅基础聚合物和不具有乙烯基的硅油、上述导热填充剂包含氮化铝粒子、包含过氧化物作为固化成分,能够提供热阻值低的导热性硅橡胶组合物和其片材及其制造方法。
附图说明
图1是本发明的一实施方式的导热性有机硅片材的示意性截面图。
图2A是表示热阻测定方法的示意性平面图,图2B是该I-I线的示意性截面图。
具体实施方式
在本发明中,由于下述的理由,优选不使用铂系催化剂。
(1)本发明品以溶解于溶剂中的状态进行涂敷,但剩余的材料从成本方面出发用于下一次的生产。但是,就铂系催化剂(加成反应体系)而言,由于使用寿命与过氧化物固化体系相比短且固化进展,因此难以用于下一次的生产。
(2)就铂系催化剂(加成反应体系)而言,仅在具有乙烯基的部位进行反应。那么固化不充分。过氧化物固化由于通过乙烯基与甲基进行反应,因此固化充分地进行。
本发明人研究了通过添加具有乙烯基的有机硅基础聚合物和不具有乙烯基的硅油是否可以改善热阻值的问题。这里所谓硅橡胶是显示出硅油(流体)与硅橡胶(固体)的中间的性状的物质。本发明的具有乙烯基的有机硅基础聚合物是指具有乙烯基的硅橡胶和油。
在本发明的基体成分中,具有乙烯基的有机硅基础聚合物的反应性高,与不具有乙烯基的有机硅基础聚合物相比,强度变高。不具有乙烯基的硅油的反应性低,但表现出柔软性。因此,通过具有乙烯基的硅橡胶和油及不具有乙烯基的硅油可以取得强度与柔软性的平衡。
另外,为了高导热化,一直以来将氧化铝高填充化,但若将氧化铝高填充化,则存在强度降低、柔软性也降低的倾向。于是,设定为填充氮化铝粒子,能够谋求高导热化,并且良好地保持强度和柔软性。
在本发明中,通过过氧化物固化剂并通过自由基反应固化作用而进行固化。过氧化物固化剂相对于基体成分100质量份优选为0.01~10质量份,更优选为0.1~8质量份。作为过氧化物固化剂,优选过氧化苯甲酰、双(对甲基苯甲酰基)过氧化物那样的酰基系过氧化物;二叔丁基过氧化物、2,5-二甲基-2,5-二(叔丁基过氧化)己烷、叔丁基枯基过氧化物、二枯基过氧化物那样的烷基系过氧化物;以及叔丁基过苯甲酸酯那样的酯系有机过氧化物。
在将基体成分设为100质量份时,具有乙烯基的有机硅基础聚合物(硅橡胶)优选为50~90质量份,更优选为55~85质量份,进一步优选为60~80质量份。
在将基体成分设为100质量份时,不具有乙烯基的硅油优选为5~20质量份,更优选为7~17质量份,进一步优选为10~15质量份。另外,在本发明的组合物中,也可以包含两末端乙烯基硅油。在将基体成分设为100质量份时,两末端乙烯基硅油优选为5~25质量份,更优选为10~23质量份,进一步优选为12~22质量份。
对于不具有乙烯基的油,只要可以称为二甲基硅油,则基本而言无论什么都可以,除此以外还有苯基甲基硅油、氟硅油等。
基体成分优选1分子中具有至少2个硅原子键合链烯基的聚硅氧烷。作为链烯基,可例示出乙烯基、烯丙基、丙烯基等,作为链烯基以外的有机基团,可列举出以甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、戊基、己基、辛基、癸基、十二烷基等例示出的烷基;以苯基、甲苯基等例示出的芳基;β-苯基乙基等芳烷基;以3,3,3-三氟丙基、3-氯丙基等例示出的卤素取代烷基等。另外,也可以在分子链末端等具有少量的羟基。聚硅氧烷的分子结构可以是直链状、包含支链的直链状、环状、网眼状中的任一者,也可以将两种以上的二有机聚硅氧烷并用。聚硅氧烷的分子量没有特别限定,从粘度低的液状的聚硅氧烷到粘度高的生胶状的聚硅氧烷都可以使用,但为了固化而成为橡胶状弹性体,优选25℃下的粘度为100mPa·s以上,更优选利用凝胶渗透色谱法(GPC)的聚苯乙烯换算的数均分子量为200,000~700,000的范围的生胶状。
相对于基体成分100质量份,导热填充剂优选添加600~2000质量份,更优选为700~1900质量份,进一步优选为800~1800质量份。另外,在将导热填充剂设为100质量份时,氮化铝粒子优选为10~100质量份,更优选为15~90质量份,进一步优选为20~80质量份。
作为导热填充剂,优选进一步包含氧化铝粒子。在将导热填充剂设为100质量份时,氧化铝粒子优选为20~100质量份,更优选为25~90质量份,进一步优选为30~80质量份。氧化铝粒子优选将平均粒径为10μm以上且20μm以下的粒子(A)与平均粒径为0.01μm以上且低于10μm的粒子(B)混合使用。A:B的混合比例以质量比计优选为90:10~10:90。
导热填充剂的平均粒径优选为0.01~20μm,进一步优选为0.1~15μm。由此,能够使与基体树脂的混合性及加工性良好。需要说明的是,平均粒径为在利用激光衍射光散射法的粒度分布测定中基于体积基准的累积粒度分布的D50(中值粒径)。作为该测定器,有例如堀场制作所制的激光衍射/散射式粒子分布测定装置LA-950S2。
在导热性有机硅组合物中,优选不包含增强性二氧化硅。若包含增强性二氧化硅,则有硬度上升、接触热阻变高的缺点。
在本发明的组合物中,根据需要可以配合上述以外的成分。例如也可以添加铁丹等无机颜料、出于填料的表面处理等目的的烷基三烷氧基硅烷、流动性调整剂、粘接赋予剂、阻燃剂等。作为出于填料表面处理等目的而添加的材料,也可以添加含烷氧基的有机硅。
本发明的导热性有机硅片材是将上述的导热性有机硅组合物涂敷于玻璃纤维布的上胶片材的至少一面而形成的。优选涂敷于两面。导热性有机硅片材的厚度为0.1~1mm。厚度低于0.1mm制造困难,若超过1mm则涂敷变得困难。玻璃纤维布优选使用质量为25~54g/m2、密度经纱、纬纱均为56~60根/25mm、平织组织的织物。
本发明的导热性有机硅片材的一个例子的本体(bulk)的热传导系数优选为1W/m·k以上,进一步优选为3.3W/m·k以上。这里所谓本体是指溶解于溶剂之前的加入了有机硅基础聚合物、填料、其他添加剂的状态。
对于本发明的导热性有机硅片材的制造方法,首先,在上述的导热性有机硅组合物中添加稀释液而制成涂敷液。该涂敷液通过相对于添加基体树脂成分、导热填充剂、根据需要使用的阻燃剂、颜料并均匀地混合而制成的组合物添加过氧化物固化成分和稀释溶剂而制作。稀释溶剂只要是可涂装的程度则适量即可。对于涂装,优选粘度为3,000~10,000cps。
接着,使玻璃纤维布中浸渗上述涂敷液,进行干燥、加热固化而制成上胶片材。该上胶片材成为密封玻璃纤维布片材(sealed glass cloth sheet)。
接着,在上述玻璃纤维布的上胶片材的至少一面涂敷上述涂敷液,干燥后进行加热固化而得到导热性有机硅片材。涂敷优选刮刀涂布。这是由于刮刀涂布能够较薄地涂敷。作为固化条件,优选温度为150~180℃、固化时间为3~10分钟。
以下使用附图对本发明进行说明。图1是本发明的一实施方式的导热性有机硅片材的示意性截面图。该导热性有机硅片材1为在使玻璃纤维布中浸渗涂敷液、并进行干燥、加热固化而得到的上胶片材层2的两面涂敷包含导热性有机硅组合物的涂敷液并干燥后进行加热固化而得到的片材。3、4为导热性有机硅涂层。
图2A是表示热阻测定方法的示意性平面图,图2B是该I-I线的示意性截面图。该热阻测定方法为依据ASTM D5470的方法,利用热阻测定装置10来测定导热性有机硅片材1的热阻值。在晶体管11与散热器12之间,夹入冲裁成菱形(TO-3型)的导热性有机硅片材1,以规定的转矩进行螺钉紧固,对晶体管11施加恒定功率而使其放热,由晶体管11与散热器12的温度差来测定热阻值。13为压板,14为晶体管的温度传感器,15为散热器的温度传感器,16为M3螺钉。转矩作为一个例子为3kg·cm(0.29Nm)、5kg·cm(0.49Nm)、7kg·cm(0.69Nm)。
实施例
以下使用实施例进行说明。本发明并不限定于实施例。
<热阻测定方法>
使用图2A-B中所示的装置进行测定。
热阻值通过以下的式子来算出。
Rt=(Tc-Tf)/P0
其中,Rt:热阻值(K·cm2/W)
Tc:晶体管温度(℃)
Tf:散热器的温度(℃)
P0:恒定功率(W)
测定装置如下所述。
晶体管:2SC2245(TO-3型)
散热器:40CH104L-90-K
(实施例1)
(1)原料
(A)基体成分
(A-1)具有乙烯基的硅橡胶:Elkem Japan公司制、两末端并且侧链上具有乙烯基的橡胶,80g
(A-2)两末端乙烯基硅油:Elkem Japan公司制、粘度为350mm2/s(温度25℃)
(A-3)不具有乙烯基的硅油:Dow Corning Toray公司制、粘度为300cs(温度25℃)
(B)导热填充剂
(B-1)氮化铝(平均粒径为10μm):TOYO ALUMINIUM K.K公司制
(B-2)氧化铝(平均粒径为12μm):日本轻金属公司制
(B-3)氧化铝(平均粒径为2μm):昭和电工公司制
(B-4)氧化铝(平均粒径为0.3μm):住友化学公司制
(C)颜料
Wacker Asahikasei Silicone公司制、“Brown 105A”
(D)过氧化物固化成分
双-4-甲基苯甲酰过氧化物
将以上的各原料用混炼机均匀地混炼,制成导热性有机硅组合物。
(2)涂敷液1
在上述原料组合物100g中,添加3g的作为过氧化物固化成分的双-4-甲基苯甲酰过氧化物的50%膏糊液和适量的作为稀释材料的溶剂二甲苯,制成涂敷液1。
(3)涂敷液2
在上述原料组合物100g中,添加0.8g的作为过氧化物固化成分的双-4-甲基苯甲酰过氧化物的50%膏糊液和适量作为稀释材料的溶剂二甲苯,制成涂敷液2。
(4)涂敷加工
首先,使厚度为约35μm的玻璃纤维布(质量25g/m2,密度经纱、纬纱均为56根/25mm、平织组织的织物)中浸渗涂敷液1,进行干燥、加热固化,制作了上胶片材。
接着,在上胶片材的单面通过刮刀涂布机涂敷涂敷液2,进行干燥,放入加热器中,进行180℃、3分钟加热固化。接着,在上胶片材的另一面通过刮刀涂布机涂敷涂敷液2,进行干燥。之后,放入加热器中,进行180℃、3分钟加热固化。像这样操作而制造了总厚为0.2mm和0.33mm的导热性有机硅片材。
(比较例1~3)
除了不添加上述(A-3)的不具有乙烯基的硅油以外,与实施例1同样地实施。将各成分的添加量一并示于表1中,将热阻值一并示于表2中。
表1
Figure BDA0002757296590000081
表2
Figure BDA0002757296590000082
如由表1~2表明的那样,本发明的实施例品能够得到热阻值比比较例1~3低的值。
产业上的可利用性
本发明的导热性有机硅组合物及片材可以适用于夹在电子部件的放热部与散热器之间的散热构件等。
符号说明
1 导热性有机硅片材
2 玻璃纤维布的上胶片材层
3、4 导热性有机硅涂层
10 热阻测定装置
11 晶体管
12 散热器
13 压板
14 晶体管的温度传感器
15 散热器的温度传感器
16 M3螺钉

Claims (12)

1.一种导热性有机硅组合物,其特征在于,其是以有机硅作为基体成分、且包含导热填充剂的导热性有机硅固化物,
所述基体成分包含具有乙烯基的有机硅基础聚合物和不具有乙烯基的硅油,
所述导热填充剂包含氮化铝粒子,
所述导热性有机硅组合物包含过氧化物作为固化成分。
2.根据权利要求1所述的导热性有机硅组合物,其中,在将所述基体成分设为100质量份时,具有乙烯基的有机硅基础聚合物为50~90质量份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的导热性有机硅组合物,其中,所述导热性有机硅组合物进一步包含两末端乙烯基硅油。
4.根据权利要求1~3中任一项所述的导热性有机硅组合物,其中,相对于所述基体成分100质量份,导热填充剂为600~2000质量份。
5.根据权利要求1~4中任一项所述的导热性有机硅组合物,其中,在将所述导热填充剂设为100质量份时,氮化铝粒子为10~100质量份。
6.根据权利要求1~5中任一项所述的导热性有机硅组合物,其中,所述导热填充剂进一步包含氧化铝粒子。
7.根据权利要求1~6中任一项所述的导热性有机硅组合物,其中,所述导热填充剂的平均粒径为0.1~20μm。
8.根据权利要求1~7中任一项所述的导热性有机硅组合物,其中,在所述导热性有机硅组合物中,不包含增强性二氧化硅。
9.一种导热性有机硅片材,其特征在于,其是将权利要求1~8中任一项所述的导热性有机硅组合物涂敷于玻璃纤维布的上胶片材的至少一面而得到的导热性有机硅片材,
所述导热性有机硅片材的厚度为0.1~1mm。
10.根据权利要求9所述的导热性有机硅片材,其中,在所述玻璃纤维布的上胶片材的两面涂敷有导热性有机硅组合物。
11.一种导热性有机硅片材的制造方法,其特征在于,其是权利要求10所述的导热性有机硅片材的制造方法,所述制造方法包含:
在权利要求1~8中任一项所述的导热性有机硅组合物中添加稀释液而制成涂敷液,
使玻璃纤维布中浸渗所述涂敷液,干燥后进行加热固化而制成上胶片材,
在所述玻璃纤维布的上胶片材的至少一面涂敷所述涂敷液,干燥后进行加热固化。
12.根据权利要求11所述的导热性有机硅片材的制造方法,其中,所述涂敷为刮刀涂布。
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