CN112051885A - Voltage regulating circuit and method - Google Patents
Voltage regulating circuit and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112051885A CN112051885A CN202010934331.8A CN202010934331A CN112051885A CN 112051885 A CN112051885 A CN 112051885A CN 202010934331 A CN202010934331 A CN 202010934331A CN 112051885 A CN112051885 A CN 112051885A
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F3/00—Non-retroactive systems for regulating electric variables by using an uncontrolled element, or an uncontrolled combination of elements, such element or such combination having self-regulating properties
- G05F3/02—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F3/08—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is dc
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Abstract
The invention discloses a voltage regulating circuit and a method, wherein the voltage regulating circuit comprises a power tube and a driving control circuit thereof, the power tube receives input voltage, and regulates the power tube through the driving control circuit so as to output expected output voltage; the driving control circuit is connected with the control end of the power tube, and the input voltage is provided with a high potential end and a low potential end; one power end of the power tube is connected with one of a high potential end and a low potential end of the input voltage, one end connected with the power tube is used as a first end of the input voltage, the other end is used as a second end of the input voltage, and the second end of the input voltage and the other power end of the power tube are jointly used as output ends; at least one impedance element is connected in series in a loop containing an input voltage and a power tube, and when the temperature of the power tube reaches an upper temperature limit, the power tube works in a switching mode. According to the invention, the heat productivity of the power tube is greatly reduced, and the lightning protection and surge protection functions of the circuit are favorably improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power electronics, in particular to a voltage regulating circuit and a voltage regulating method.
Background
The linear voltage regulating circuit is a circuit implementation form for realizing input and output voltage conversion. When input/output voltage is high voltage, if hundreds of volts or even hundreds of volts, then the both ends of power tube also can bear corresponding high voltage, under the service condition that lasts high voltage, can lead to the power tube to generate heat, and the normal work that can influence voltage control circuit is then high temperature triggers the excess temperature protection, damages the power tube even.
The prior art employs a voltage regulating circuit as shown in fig. 1, which receives an input voltage Vin and outputs a desired output voltage Vout at an output terminal by regulating the voltage sustained by a power transistor M20. Taking the input voltage Vin as 500V and the expected output voltage as 400V, the power transistor M20 needs to withstand 100V and operate in a linear region. But the long-time bearing of such high voltage easily causes the temperature of the power tube M20 to be too high, thereby affecting the normal operation of the circuit. In addition, the prior art is lack of a low-power-consumption lightning protection function, and potential safety hazards exist if the lightning protection device is applicable to the field of the power industry.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a voltage regulating circuit for reducing heat generation of a power tube, so as to solve the technical problem of large heat generation of the power tube in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the voltage regulating circuit with the following structure is provided, and comprises a power tube and a driving control circuit thereof, wherein the power tube receives input voltage and regulates the power tube through the driving control circuit so as to output expected output voltage;
the power tube is provided with a first power end, a second power end and a control end, the driving control circuit is connected with the control end of the power tube, and the input voltage is provided with a high potential end and a low potential end;
one power end of the power tube is connected with one of a high potential end and a low potential end of the input voltage, one end connected with the power tube is used as a first end of the input voltage, the other end of the power tube is used as a second end of the input voltage, the second end of the input voltage and the other power end of the power tube are jointly used as output ends, and the voltage between the first end and the second end is used as output voltage;
at least one impedance element is connected in series in a loop containing an input voltage and a power tube, and when the temperature of the power tube reaches a first temperature trigger threshold value, the power tube works in a switching mode.
Optionally, in the switching mode, after the power tube is turned on, when the output voltage reaches a first threshold, the power tube is turned off, when the output voltage drops to a second threshold, the power tube is turned on again, and when the temperature of the power tube is lower than a second temperature trigger threshold, the switching mode is exited; the first threshold is greater than the second threshold, and the first temperature trigger threshold is greater than the second temperature trigger threshold.
Optionally, in the non-switching mode, the voltage across the power tube is a difference between the input voltage and the expected output voltage.
Optionally, during the period that the power tube is turned on, in a loop formed between the power tube and the input voltage, the heat generated by the current flowing through the impedance element is greater than the heat generated by the power tube, and during the period that the power tube is turned off, neither the power tube nor the impedance element generates heat.
Optionally, the output end is connected to a switching power supply, the switching power supply performs voltage conversion on the output voltage, then outputs a power supply voltage, and the load is powered by the power supply voltage.
Optionally, the switching power supply is a flyback converter, the output end of the voltage regulating circuit is connected to the primary input end of the flyback converter, the primary part of the flyback converter includes a primary inductor and a primary switching tube, the primary inductor is connected to the primary switching tube, and the common end of the primary inductor and the primary switching tube is connected to the control end of the power tube through a one-way conduction element and a first resistor.
Optionally, the impedance element is a resistor or a switching tube, and the resistance value of the impedance element connected to the loop is between 20 ohms and 100 ohms.
Another technical solution provided by the present invention is to provide a voltage regulating method, based on the voltage regulating circuit, including the following steps:
1) the input voltage supplies power to a power tube, the power tube works in a linear region, and the power tube is regulated by a driving control circuit to output expected output voltage at an output end;
2) when the temperature of the power tube reaches a first temperature trigger threshold, the power tube works in a switch mode, in the switch mode, after the power tube is conducted, when the output voltage reaches the first threshold, the power tube is turned off, when the output voltage is reduced to a second threshold, the power tube is conducted again, and when the temperature of the power tube is lower than the second temperature trigger threshold, the power tube exits the switch mode; the first threshold is greater than the second threshold.
Optionally, a switching power supply is connected to an output end of the voltage regulating circuit, and the switching power supply outputs a power supply voltage after performing voltage conversion on the output voltage, and supplies power to a load through the power supply voltage.
Optionally, the switching power supply is a flyback converter, when an output voltage supplies power to the flyback converter, the output end of the output voltage is connected to the primary input end of the flyback converter, the primary part of the flyback converter comprises a primary inductor and a primary switching tube, the primary inductor is connected to the primary switching tube, and the common end of the primary inductor and the primary switching tube is connected to the control end of the power tube through a one-way conduction element; the voltage of the common end of the primary side inductor and the primary side switching tube is higher than the output voltage, and when the input voltage is lower, the voltage is transmitted to the control end of the power tube through the one-way conduction element so that the power tube is conducted and supplies power to the driving control circuit.
Compared with the prior art, the circuit structure and the method have the following advantages that: according to the invention, an impedance element is connected to a main loop, when the temperature of a power tube is overhigh, the power tube enters a switching mode, input voltage is mainly applied to the impedance element, and the heat productivity is greatly reduced during the conduction period of the power tube, so that the power tube is recovered to the normal temperature; because the impedance element is connected, the lightning protection and surge protection functions of the circuit are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a circuit configuration diagram of a prior art linear voltage regulator circuit;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the voltage regulation circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the working waveform of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a mode control structure.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to only these embodiments. The invention is intended to cover alternatives, modifications, equivalents and alternatives which may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention.
In the following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details.
The invention is described in more detail in the following paragraphs by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the drawings are in simplified form and are not to precise scale, which is only used for convenience and clarity to assist in describing the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2, a circuit configuration of the voltage regulating circuit of the present invention is illustrated. The voltage regulation circuit comprises a power tube M1 and a driving control circuit thereof, wherein the power tube M1 receives an input voltage Vin, and regulates the power tube M1 through the driving control circuit to output a desired output voltage;
in this embodiment, the power transistor M1 has a first power terminal (drain D), a second power terminal (source S) and a control terminal (gate G), the driving control circuit has a first terminal, a second terminal and a third terminal, the control terminal of the power transistor is connected to the first terminal of the driving control circuit, and the second terminal of the driving control circuit is connected to the second power terminal of the power transistor M1; a first power end of the power tube M1 is connected with a high potential end of an input voltage Vin, and a first resistor R1 is connected between the first power end of the power tube and a control end of the power tube; the third end of the drive control circuit is connected with a second resistor R2;
the voltage between the low potential end of the input voltage Vin and the second power end of the power tube M1 is used as the output voltage Vout.
Similarly, the power transistor M1 may be connected to the low potential end of the input voltage Vin, and one end of the power transistor M1 and the low potential end of the input voltage Vin may be used as output terminals. Therefore, in summary, one of the power terminals of the power transistor M1 is connected to one of the high potential terminal and the low potential terminal of the input voltage, the terminal connected to the power transistor serves as a first terminal of the input voltage, the other terminal serves as a second terminal of the input voltage, the second terminal of the input voltage and the other power terminal of the power transistor serve together as an output terminal, and the voltage therebetween serves as an output voltage.
Based on the above structure, at least one impedance element is connected in series in the loop including the input voltage Vin and the power transistor M1, and when the temperature of the power transistor reaches the first temperature trigger threshold T1, the power transistor M1 operates in the switching mode. In this embodiment, the impedance element is a third resistor R3. The impedance element may also be a resistive series or parallel configuration, a MOS transistor, that "transfers" the heat of the power transistor M1 to the MOS transistor, in which case the MOS transistor operates in the saturation region.
After the input voltage Vin is powered on, the first resistor R1 pulls up the voltage at the control end of the power transistor M1, so that the power transistor is turned on, and the second power end of the power transistor M1 generates an output voltage and supplies power to the driving control circuit.
The driving control circuit is integrated in a chip, and the second resistor R2 is an external resistor. A first capacitor C11 is connected in parallel to the first resistor R1; the first capacitor C11 can also realize the lightning protection function through capacitive voltage division.
In the switching mode, after the power tube M1 is turned on, when the output voltage Vout reaches a first threshold Vth1, the power tube M1 is turned off, when the output voltage Vout drops to a second threshold Vth2, the power tube M1 is turned on again, and when the temperature of the power tube M1 is lower than a second temperature trigger threshold T2, the switching mode is exited; the first threshold Vth1 is greater than the second threshold Vth2, and the first temperature trigger threshold T1 is greater than the second temperature trigger threshold T2.
In the non-switching mode, the voltage across the power transistor M1 is the difference between the input voltage Vin and the expected output voltage. Although the resistance in the loop will generate a voltage drop, the voltage drop is relatively different from the input voltage Vin, so theoretically, the voltage across the power tube M1 is the difference between the input voltage Vin and the expected output voltage, and is not required to be exactly equal.
During the period that the power tube M1 is turned on, in the loop formed between the power tube M1 and the input voltage Vin, the heat generated by the current flowing through the impedance element (R3 in this embodiment) is greater than the heat generated by the power tube Vin, and during the period that the power tube Vin is turned off, neither the power tube Vin nor the impedance element generates heat. The heat productivity is greatly reduced during the conduction period of the power tube, so that the power tube is recovered to normal temperature.
The output end is connected with a switching power supply, the switching power supply outputs power supply voltage after voltage conversion is carried out on the output voltage, and power is supplied to a load through the power supply voltage.
The switching power supply is a flyback converter, the output end of the voltage regulating circuit is connected with the primary side input end of the flyback converter, the primary side part of the flyback converter comprises a primary side inductor L1 and a primary side switching tube M2, the primary side inductor L1 is connected with the primary side switching tube M2, and the common end of the primary side inductor L1 and the primary side switching tube M2 is connected with the control end of the power tube M1 through a one-way conduction element and a third resistor R3. By adopting the partial design, when the input voltage Vin is lower, the voltage of the control end of the M1 can be raised, the power tube M1 is kept open, and the second power end of the power tube M1 can stably supply power to the drive control circuit. The one-way conduction element comprises a diode D3, the voltage at the point H is higher than the voltage at the control terminal G of the power tube due to the existence of the diode D3, the diode D1 mainly prevents reverse conduction, and the diode D3 can also be used as a part of the one-way conduction element.
As shown in fig. 3, the waveform of the output voltage Vo is illustrated, and the relationship between the output voltage Vo and the first threshold Vth1 and the second threshold Vth2 is illustrated, in this embodiment, the first threshold Vth1 is larger than the second threshold Vth2, and the average output voltage in one period in the switching mode is close to the output voltage in the non-switching mode, and it is not required that both are completely equal. In addition, the output voltage in the non-switching mode may be equal to the first threshold Vth1 or the second threshold Vth 2.
As shown in fig. 4, a mode control structure is illustrated. The mode control structure is located in a driving control circuit, the driving control circuit is packaged with the power tube M1, therefore, the temperature of the packaging body can be detected to represent the temperature of the power tube M1, the mode control structure comprises a temperature detection module and a comparison circuit, and the comparison circuit is a hysteresis comparator Comp 1. The temperature detection module detects the temperature in the package body, obtains a temperature value Ts, and uses a voltage VTs to represent the temperature value, and sets an upper threshold and a lower threshold of the hysteresis comparator Comp1 through parameters, so that the upper threshold is a voltage VT1, the lower threshold is a voltage VT2, the voltage VT1 represents a first temperature trigger threshold, and the voltage VT2 represents a second temperature trigger threshold. The hysteresis comparator Comp1 is unchanged in state with a backlash between VT1 and VT 2. The output terminal of the hysteresis comparator Comp1 is connected to the control terminal G of the power transistor.
The invention provides a voltage regulation method, which is based on the voltage regulation circuit and comprises the following steps:
1) the input voltage supplies power to a power tube, the power tube works in a linear region, and the power tube is regulated by a driving control circuit to output expected output voltage at an output end;
2) when the temperature of the power tube reaches a first temperature trigger threshold, the power tube works in a switch mode, in the switch mode, after the power tube is conducted, when the output voltage reaches the first threshold, the power tube is turned off, when the output voltage is reduced to a second threshold, the power tube is conducted again, and when the temperature of the power tube is lower than the second temperature trigger threshold, the power tube exits the switch mode; the first threshold is greater than the second threshold.
The second resistor is an external resistor, and the value of the output voltage can be set by setting the resistance value of the second resistor.
When the output voltage supplies power to the flyback converter, the output end of the output voltage is connected with the primary side input end of the flyback converter, the primary side part of the flyback converter comprises a primary side inductor and a primary side switching tube, the primary side inductor is connected with the primary side switching tube, and the common end of the primary side inductor and the primary side switching tube is connected with the control end of the power tube through a one-way conduction element; the voltage of the common end of the primary side inductor and the primary side switching tube is higher than the output voltage, and when the input voltage is lower, the voltage is transmitted to the control end of the power tube through the one-way conduction element so that the power tube is conducted and supplies power to the driving control circuit.
In the voltage regulating method of the present invention, the same technical features as those of the voltage regulating circuit can be referred to the description of the voltage regulating circuit, and some features of the two can be replaced and referred to.
The above-described embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the above-described embodiments should be included in the protection scope of the technical solution.
Claims (10)
1. A voltage regulation circuit comprises a power tube and a drive control circuit thereof, wherein the power tube receives an input voltage and regulates the power tube through the drive control circuit so as to output an expected output voltage; the method is characterized in that:
the power tube is provided with a first power end, a second power end and a control end, the driving control circuit is connected with the control end of the power tube, and the input voltage is provided with a high potential end and a low potential end;
one power end of the power tube is connected with one of a high potential end and a low potential end of the input voltage, one end connected with the power tube is used as a first end of the input voltage, the other end of the power tube is used as a second end of the input voltage, the second end of the input voltage and the other power end of the power tube are jointly used as output ends, and the voltage between the first end and the second end is used as output voltage;
at least one impedance element is connected in series in a loop containing an input voltage and a power tube, and when the temperature of the power tube reaches a first temperature trigger threshold value, the power tube works in a switching mode.
2. The voltage regulation circuit of claim 1, wherein: in the switching mode, after the power tube is switched on, when the output voltage reaches a first threshold value, the power tube is switched off, when the output voltage is reduced to a second threshold value, the power tube is switched on again, and when the temperature of the power tube is lower than a second temperature trigger threshold value, the power tube exits the switching mode; the first threshold is greater than the second threshold, and the first temperature trigger threshold is greater than the second temperature trigger threshold.
3. The voltage regulation circuit of claim 1 or 2, wherein: in the non-switching mode, the voltage across the power tube is the difference between the input voltage and the expected output voltage.
4. The voltage regulation circuit of claim 1 or 2, wherein: in a loop formed between the power tube and an input voltage during the conduction period of the power tube, the heat generated by the current flowing through the impedance element is larger than that generated by the power tube, and during the shutdown period of the power tube, neither the power tube nor the impedance element generates heat.
5. The voltage regulation circuit of claim 2, wherein: the output end is connected with a switching power supply, the switching power supply outputs power supply voltage after voltage conversion is carried out on the output voltage, and power is supplied to a load through the power supply voltage.
6. The voltage regulation circuit of claim 2, wherein: the switching power supply is a flyback converter, the output end of the voltage regulating circuit is connected with the primary side input end of the flyback converter, the primary side part of the flyback converter comprises a primary side inductor and a primary side switching tube, the primary side inductor is connected with the primary side switching tube, and the common end of the primary side inductor and the primary side switching tube is connected with the control end of the power tube through a one-way conduction element and a first resistor.
7. The voltage regulation circuit of claim 6, wherein: the impedance element is a resistor or a switch tube, and the resistance value of the impedance element connected to the loop is between 20 ohms and 100 ohms.
8. A voltage regulation method based on the voltage regulation circuit of claims 1-7, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
1) the input voltage supplies power to a power tube, the power tube works in a linear region, and the power tube is regulated by a driving control circuit to output expected output voltage at an output end;
2) when the temperature of the power tube reaches a first temperature trigger threshold, the power tube works in a switch mode, in the switch mode, after the power tube is conducted, when the output voltage reaches the first threshold, the power tube is turned off, when the output voltage is reduced to a second threshold, the power tube is conducted again, and when the temperature of the power tube is lower than the second temperature trigger threshold, the power tube exits the switch mode; the first threshold is greater than the second threshold.
9. The voltage regulation method of claim 8, wherein: the output end of the voltage regulating circuit is connected with a switching power supply, the switching power supply outputs power supply voltage after performing voltage conversion on the output voltage, and the load is supplied with power through the power supply voltage.
10. The voltage regulation method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: the switching power supply is a flyback converter, when the output voltage supplies power to the flyback converter, the output end of the output voltage is connected with the primary side input end of the flyback converter, the primary side part of the flyback converter comprises a primary side inductor and a primary side switching tube, the primary side inductor is connected with the primary side switching tube, and the common end of the primary side inductor and the primary side switching tube is connected with the control end of the power tube through a one-way conduction element; the voltage of the common end of the primary side inductor and the primary side switching tube is higher than the output voltage, and when the input voltage is lower, the voltage is transmitted to the control end of the power tube through the one-way conduction element so that the power tube is conducted and supplies power to the driving control circuit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010934331.8A CN112051885A (en) | 2020-09-08 | 2020-09-08 | Voltage regulating circuit and method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010934331.8A CN112051885A (en) | 2020-09-08 | 2020-09-08 | Voltage regulating circuit and method |
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| CN112051885A true CN112051885A (en) | 2020-12-08 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN204408184U (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-06-17 | 长安大学 | A kind of Boost type dc-dc synchronizing power pipe current-limiting circuit |
| CN106094959A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-09 | 杰华特微电子（杭州）有限公司 | Linear voltage-stabilizing circuit |
| CN106533187A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-03-22 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | Driving control method and circuit |
| CN110764563A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-02-07 | 杰华特微电子（杭州）有限公司 | Voltage regulation circuit and method |
-
2020
- 2020-09-08 CN CN202010934331.8A patent/CN112051885A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN204408184U (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-06-17 | 长安大学 | A kind of Boost type dc-dc synchronizing power pipe current-limiting circuit |
| CN106094959A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-09 | 杰华特微电子（杭州）有限公司 | Linear voltage-stabilizing circuit |
| CN106533187A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-03-22 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | Driving control method and circuit |
| CN110764563A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-02-07 | 杰华特微电子（杭州）有限公司 | Voltage regulation circuit and method |
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Address after: Room 901-23, 9 / F, west 4 building, Xigang development center, 298 Zhenhua Road, Sandun Town, Xihu District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310030 Applicant after: Jiehuate Microelectronics Co.,Ltd. Address before: Room 901-23, 9 / F, west 4 building, Xigang development center, 298 Zhenhua Road, Sandun Town, Xihu District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310030 Applicant before: JOULWATT TECHNOLOGY Inc.,Ltd. |