CN112059731A - Automatic carbon brush grinding method based on servo control system - Google Patents
Automatic carbon brush grinding method based on servo control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112059731A CN112059731A CN202010881350.9A CN202010881350A CN112059731A CN 112059731 A CN112059731 A CN 112059731A CN 202010881350 A CN202010881350 A CN 202010881350A CN 112059731 A CN112059731 A CN 112059731A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/005—Control means for lapping machines or devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/27—Work carriers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/34—Accessories
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of carbon brush grinding, and particularly relates to a servo control system-based automatic grinding method for a carbon brush, which is characterized in that an old carbon brush is fixed on a carbon brush frame and is connected with a contact resistance detection connecting line, equipment is started to automatically adjust the height of the carbon brush frame, contact resistance detection is carried out, detection and adjustment are finished when the contact resistance is minimum, and the carbon brush is withdrawn after the position is recorded; taking down the old carbon brush, fixing the new carbon brush to be ground on the carbon brush holder, pressing the new carbon brush through the adjustable material pressing plate, and starting the equipment for automatic grinding; in the grinding process of the new carbon brush, the contact resistance of the carbon brush is automatically detected according to a set detection rule and is compared with the recorded resistance of the old carbon brush in real time, grinding is stopped when the resistance value meets a deviation range, the carbon brush holder feeding system drives the fork-shear type lifting mechanism to withdraw, and the grinding of the carbon brush is finished. The automatic grinding method for the carbon brush based on the servo control system adopts roller type grinding, adapts to the eccentric condition of the carbon brush and automatically measures the contact resistance of the ground carbon brush.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an automatic grinding method for a carbon brush based on a servo control system. Belongs to the technical field of carbon brush grinding.
Background
Carbon brushes (also called brushes), are widely used as sliding contacts in many electrical devices. The carbon brush is mainly made of graphite, impregnated graphite and metal (copper and silver-containing) graphite. The carbon brush device is mainly used for transmitting energy or signals between a fixed part and a rotating part of a motor or a generator or other rotating machinery, is generally made of pure carbon and a coagulant, is generally square in shape, is clamped on a metal support, is tightly pressed on a rotating shaft by a spring inside, and transmits electric energy to a coil through a phase changer when the motor rotates.
The carbon brush is used as a pivot for electric energy transmission in the motor unit, the normal work of the motor unit is directly influenced by the state of the carbon brush, the reliability grade of the whole motor system is further influenced, and once the carbon brush is excessively abraded and broken, the carbon brush needs to be replaced immediately. In order to ensure that a uniform oxidation film can be formed on the surface of the commutator of the motor unit in the shortest time after the unit is restarted, so that the abnormal wear of the surface of the commutator of the motor unit is reduced, the contact surface of the carbon brush and the commutator of the motor unit is matched with the most sufficient radian, the service life of a single carbon brush is prolonged, and the carbon brush needs to be processed quickly, efficiently and accurately before being replaced.
At present, the processing technology of the carbon brush mainly comprises two types, one type is manual grinding by adopting a grinding machine, and the other type is a numerical control engraving machine controlled by a computer. The manual grinding has a plurality of defects in the grinding process: firstly, the radian of the working surface of the carbon brush depends on the radius of a grinding wheel, carbon powder is very easily attached to the surface of the grinding wheel and is not easy to clean in the grinding process, the accumulation of the carbon powder can cause the failure of the grinding wheel, the failed grinding wheel cannot ensure the grinding precision and the grinding surface smoothness, and the surface process of the carbon brush cannot meet the requirement due to the continuous processing of the carbon brush; secondly, the number of the carbon brushes ground by one time is very small, and basically, only one carbon brush can be processed at one time, so that the grinding abrasion is long; and thirdly, the grinding force and direction cannot be ensured in the manual grinding, so that the processing success rate is not high.
The most important of the grinding modes of the computer-controlled numerical control engraving machine is to reasonably design a grinding cutter and a carbon brush clamp, the surface precision requirement of the carbon brush is very high, wherein the material and the precision of the grinding cutter and the matching design of a contact surface of the carbon brush directly influence the surface precision of the processed carbon brush, the conventional grinding cutter can greatly influence the surface grinding precision of the carbon brush due to the influence of a processing path and control precision in numerical control driving, and whether the carbon brush clamp is reliable or not to fix the carbon brush also influences the processing precision of the carbon brush, particularly, the structure of the carbon brush clamp and the fixing mode of the carbon brush clamp are greatly influenced when a plurality of carbon brushes to be ground are clamped simultaneously to improve the grinding efficiency in one-step, and the current numerical control engraving machine cannot meet the requirements. Meanwhile, the carbon brush is processed by the numerical control engraving machine, peripheral equipment such as a water path, pneumatic equipment and the like are required to be configured, so that the whole device is large in size and not beneficial to portable use, carbon powder is easily generated in the processing process of the carbon brush, accidents are easily caused by short circuit of a motor wire inlet circuit along with accumulation of the carbon powder, a computer is required to be connected and programmed and controlled in the processing process, and the operation is very complex.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a servo control system-based automatic grinding method for a carbon brush, which adopts roller type grinding, can adapt to the eccentric condition of the carbon brush and can automatically measure the contact resistance of the ground carbon brush, and solves the problems in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a carbon brush automatic grinding method based on servo control system, includes a carbon brush automatic grinding equipment, carbon brush automatic grinding equipment includes the equipment platform, control system, install in on the equipment platform and with control system electric connection's multi-functional grinding cylinder and with multi-functional grinding cylinder correspond, with control system electric connection and the carbon brush frame of adjustable self two-dimensional position, old carbon brush and a plurality of new carbon brush are placed to the carbon brush frame, multi-functional grinding cylinder from left to right includes cylinder servo motor, cylinder motor reduction gear that connect gradually, with equipment platform fixed connection's motor cabinet, motor spacer, motor connecting axle sleeve, fix on the motor cabinet with the old carbon brush corresponds and not along with the rotatory fixed copper ring of cylinder body, deep groove ball bearing, with cylinder left side end cover of cylinder body fixed connection, with the new carbon brush corresponds and is used for grinding the cylinder body of new carbon brush, The cylinder right side end cover and the cylinder right side support with equipment platform fixed connection with cylinder body fixed connection, fixed copper ring includes flange bucket copper sheet and left side copper sheet mounting flange bucket, this internal dabber in the middle of installing a cylinder of cylinder, dabber one end links to each other with cylinder left side end cover by cylinder servo motor drives the motion, and the relative other end runs through cylinder right side end cover meets with cylinder right side support. The motor connecting shaft sleeve is used for connecting the motor and the roller, and the motor drives the mandrel to rotate so as to drive the roller to be ground. The motor is directly connected with the motor through a key, and the spindle is connected with the key through a coupler, so that the motor and the roller are connected. The deep groove ball bearing is used for connecting and fixing the copper sheet flange barrel and a bridge of a motor connecting sleeve, and can ensure that the copper sheet flange barrel is fixed and kept in a test state while the rotary drum rotates. The roller motor base and the right bracket of the roller are devices for keeping the height and the level of the roller. The motor cabinet passes through fixed copper ring of threaded connection and motor, restricts the motion of copper ring and motor, and the motor cabinet also has the effect of supporting the cylinder simultaneously, maintains the cylinder location jointly with cylinder right side support, and a support can be saved in the design like this, has simplified the structure, avoids the structure too complicated to cause the later stage installation process difficulty. The right side support of the roller mainly plays a supporting role, the right side support of the roller is fixed with the mandrel through a deep groove ball bearing, the roller body comprises a grinding roller with the surface added with grinding materials and used for grinding the new carbon brush and a testing roller with the surface added with conductive materials and used for testing whether the contact resistance of the new carbon brush and the roller body meets the grinding requirement or not;
further comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: fixing the old carbon brush on the old carbon brush placing groove in the carbon brush frame manually and connecting a contact resistance detection connecting line, starting equipment to automatically adjust the height of the carbon brush frame, automatically detecting the contact resistance, finishing detection and adjustment when the contact resistance is minimum, withdrawing the carbon brush frame after recording the position, and giving a completion prompt by a system;
step two: taking down the old carbon brush, fixing the new carbon brush to be ground on the carbon brush frame, pressing the new carbon brush through the adjustable material pressing plate, and starting the equipment for automatic grinding;
step three: in the grinding process of the new carbon brush, the contact resistance of the carbon brush is automatically detected according to a set detection rule and is compared with the recorded resistance of the old carbon brush in real time, grinding is stopped when the resistance value meets a deviation range, the carbon brush holder feeding system drives the fork-shear type lifting mechanism to withdraw, and the grinding of the carbon brush is finished.
The multifunctional grinding roller is externally provided with a roller protection cover fixedly connected with an equipment platform, the roller protection cover comprises a protection cover upper shell and a protection cover lower shell, the protection cover upper shell is provided with a housing observation window, and the protection cover lower shell comprises a protection cover plate and a sliding table lower dust guard plate under the roller of mutual connection.
The carbon brush frame includes the double-layered clamp plate of carbon brush base and adjustable self two-dimensional position, be formed with the old carbon brush mounting groove that is used for laying the old carbon brush and the new carbon brush mounting groove that is used for laying the new carbon brush between carbon brush base and the double-layered clamp plate, install new and old carbon brush spacer between old carbon brush mounting groove and the new carbon brush mounting groove, the adjustable material clamp plate that is used for fixed old carbon brush and new carbon brush and adjusts through adjusting bolt is installed respectively to the both ends of carbon brush base, old carbon brush rubber spacer is installed to left side, right side, upside, downside and the rear side of old carbon brush, new carbon brush rubber spacer is installed to left side, right side, upside, downside and the rear side of new carbon brush.
The carbon brush holder is adjusted in two-dimensional position through a fork-shear type lifting mechanism and a feeding system, and the fork-shear type lifting mechanism and the feeding system comprise a fork-shear type lifting mechanism which is used for adjusting the upper position and the lower position of the carbon brush holder and consists of a clamping plate and a lower cover plate, and a carbon brush holder feeding system which is used for adjusting the front position and the rear position of the carbon brush holder and is fixedly connected with the lower cover plate.
The scissors-type lifting mechanism comprises a scissors-type mechanism motor, a scissors-type mechanism motor coupler, a scissors-type mechanism motor base, a screw nut, a nut moving table and a screw supporting seat which are sequentially connected from left to right, an upper rotating shaft seat is arranged above the nut moving table, a left upper slide block, a left upper slide rail, a right upper slide block and a right upper slide rail are arranged above the upper rotating shaft seat, a left lower slide block, a left lower slide rail, a right lower slide block and a right lower slide rail are arranged below the nut moving table, the left side of the nut moving table is connected with a left inner angle rod through a connecting piece, the left side of the upper rotating shaft seat is connected with a left outer angle rod movably connected with the left inner angle rod through a connecting piece, the right side of the nut moving table is connected with a right inner angle rod through a connecting piece, the right side of the upper rotating shaft seat is connected with a right, the left inner angle rod is movably connected with a left upper double-lug seat through a connecting piece, the left outer angle rod is movably connected with a left lower double-lug seat through a connecting piece, the right inner angle rod is movably connected with a right upper double-lug seat through a connecting piece, and the right outer angle rod is movably connected with a right lower double-lug seat through a connecting piece.
Control system is including placing the control computer of multi-functional grinding roller one side, placing power supply module, with multi-functional grinding roller and the motor controller and the PLC control system that the formula elevating system of fork formula and feed system motor correspondence were arranged of the formula of cutting of equipment platform below, the carbon powder collector is still installed to equipment platform below, the dust guard is mutually under carbon powder collector and the slip table.
The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the automatic grinding method for the carbon brush based on the servo control system adopts roller type grinding, can adapt to the eccentric condition of the carbon brush, can automatically measure the contact resistance of the ground carbon brush, and during the grinding process, the system judges the pressure of the carbon brush on a roller based on the servo current of the feeding mechanism, so that the balance of the pressure during the grinding process is ensured, and during the detection of the conductive resistance of the carbon brush, the feeding mechanism also tightly adheres the carbon brush to the detection surface of the roller based on the pressure manually set in the earlier stage.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an automatic grinding apparatus for carbon brushes according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an automatic grinding apparatus for carbon brushes according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a multifunctional grinding roller in an automatic carbon brush grinding device according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a perspective view of a multifunctional grinding roll in an automatic carbon brush grinding apparatus according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a carbon brush holder in an automatic grinding apparatus for carbon brushes according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a scissor lift mechanism and a feed system in an automatic carbon brush grinding apparatus according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is an exploded view of a scissor lift mechanism in an automatic carbon brush grinding apparatus according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a scissor lift mechanism in an automatic carbon brush grinding apparatus according to the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of an equipment table in an automatic carbon brush grinding apparatus according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1-multifunctional grinding cylinder; 2-a fork shear type lifting mechanism and a feeding system; 3-a control system; 4-protecting the upper shell of the cover; 5-housing left handle; 6-housing observation window; 7-cover right handle; 8-a left adjusting knob of the shell observation window; 9-a right adjusting knob of the shell observation window; 10-roller motor base; 11-a drum body; 12-fixing a copper ring; 13-a lower drum shield plate; 14-sliding table lower dust guard; 15-drum servo motor; 16-drum motor reducer; 17-motor spacer bush; 18-motor connecting shaft sleeve; 19-flanged barrel copper sheet; 20-fixing the flange barrel by using the left copper sheet; 21-deep groove ball bearing; 22-drum left end cover; 23-roller layering; 25-a drum intermediate mandrel; 26-drum right side end cap; 27-drum right side rack; 28-a fork shear mechanism motor shield; 29-a fork shear mechanism guard plate; 30-a fork shear mechanism motor; 31-a fork shearing mechanism motor coupling; 32-a fork shearing mechanism motor base; 33-a screw; 34-a feed screw nut; 35-plugging screws; 36-left lower binaural seat; 37-left outside angle bar; 38-a scissor lift mechanism; 39-carbon brush holder feed system; 40-a device platform; 41-left inner angle bar; 42-left upper binaural seat; 43-nut moving table; 44-upper rotating shaft seat; 45-left upper slide block; 46-right side upper slide; 48-left upper slide rail; 49-right upper slide rail; 50-left lower slide block; 51-right lower slide block; 52-left side lower rail; 53-right side lower slide rail; 54-a lower cover plate; 55-right lower binaural seat; 57-right inside angle lever; 58-right external angle bar; 62-double ear seat on right side; 63-screw rod supporting seat; 64-New carbon Brush insulation spacer; 65-old carbon brush insulation spacer; 66-a nip plate; 67-old carbon brush upper platen; 68-brushing the new carbon on the pressing plate; 69-old carbon brush; 70-new and old carbon brush separation blocks; 71-new carbon brush; 72-a carbon brush base; 74-monitoring computer; and 75, adjusting a material pressing plate.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the description of the embodiments is provided to help understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Referring to a perspective view of an automatic carbon brush grinding method based on a servo control system shown in fig. 1, the automatic carbon brush grinding method based on the servo control system includes an automatic carbon brush grinding apparatus including an apparatus platform 40 (the apparatus platform 40 may include an upper cover, carrying handles at both sides, which can be lifted by two persons, rollers at the bottom, and can also be pushed to facilitate operation by an operator), a control system 3, a multifunctional grinding drum 1 mounted on the apparatus platform 40, and a carbon brush holder corresponding to the multifunctional grinding drum 1 and capable of adjusting its two-dimensional position, the carbon brush holder being provided with an old carbon brush 69 and a plurality of new carbon brushes 71, the multifunctional grinding drum 1 includes a drum servo motor 15 (the driving system of the drum is a low inertia type 60 siemens simotics-1 FL6, Pn is 0.4kW,2500 line increment encoder, the driver is a SINAMICSV90200V driver, the drum servo motor 15 can control speed, the position precision is very accurate, and the voltage signal can be converted into torque and rotating speed to drive a control object. The servo motor rotor speed is controlled by the input signal and can react quickly, the servo motor rotor speed is used as an execution element in an automatic control system, has the characteristics of small electromechanical time constant, high linearity, starting voltage and the like, can convert the received electric signal into angular displacement or angular speed output on a motor shaft, and has stronger overload capacity), a roller motor base 10, a fixed copper ring 12 (fixed on the roller motor base 10 through four threaded holes, namely an upper threaded hole, a lower threaded hole, a left threaded hole, a right threaded hole, a left threaded hole, a right threaded hole. The main function of the grinding device is to find a position with the largest contact area by measuring the resistance of the fixed copper ring 12 and the old carbon brush 69, grind the new carbon brush 71 at the position, and grind the roller body 11 (the partial surface of the roller body 11 is made of copper conductive material) which corresponds to the new carbon brush 71 and is used for grinding the new carbon brush 71, wherein the roller body 11 is made of aluminum alloy material, and the grinding device is light in weight and easy to hollow out so as to reduce the weight. The grinding wheel is divided into two parts according to the proportion of 1:2, and grooves are formed in the separating positions (in order to avoid scratching the carbon brushes in the grinding process, 60-degree oblique angles are adopted on the side surfaces of the grooves of the roller). 1/3 of the roller body 11 is a testing roller, a copper sheet is fixed outside the roller body 11 and used for testing whether the resistance between the new carbon brush 71 and the roller body 11 meets the grinding requirement, and the new carbon brush 71 and the roller body 11 are fixed by drilling a threaded hole at the bottom of a groove of the roller. 1/3 of the rest roller is a grinding roller, abrasive paper is pasted outside the roller for grinding, and the abrasive paper is fixed by a roller pressing strip 23 at the groove of the roller because the abrasive paper needs to be replaced), the roller body 11 comprises a grinding roller with the surface added with grinding materials and used for grinding the new carbon brush 71 and a test roller with the surface added with conductive materials and used for testing whether the contact resistance of the new carbon brush 71 and the roller body 11 meets the grinding requirement;
further comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: fixing the old carbon brush 69 on the old carbon brush mounting groove in the carbon brush holder manually and connecting a contact resistance detection connecting line, starting equipment to automatically adjust the height of the carbon brush holder, automatically detecting the contact resistance, finishing detection and adjustment when the contact resistance is minimum, withdrawing the carbon brush holder after recording the position, and giving a completion prompt by a system;
step two: taking down the old carbon brush, fixing the new carbon brush 71 to be ground on the carbon brush holder, pressing the new carbon brush 71 through the adjustable material pressing plate 75, and starting the equipment for automatic grinding;
step three: in the grinding process of the new carbon brush 71, the contact resistance of the carbon brush is automatically detected according to a set detection rule and is compared with the recorded resistance of the old carbon brush 69 in real time, grinding is stopped when the resistance value meets a deviation range, the carbon brush holder feeding system drives the fork-shear type lifting mechanism to withdraw, and the grinding of the carbon brush is finished. The measurement of the contact resistance of the carbon brush is a guarantee for checking the grinding quality. The measurement principle is as follows: the current flows through the new carbon brush 71 to the test roller, the roller is not led out, the current flows back from the other new carbon brush 71, the voltage between the new carbon brush 71 and the test roller is measured, and then the contact resistance is calculated and displayed on the liquid crystal screen. The pressure of the carbon brushes is controlled indirectly by the current of the servomotor. The scheme has the advantages of simple structure and convenience in measurement, and has the defect that the contact resistance of each carbon brush cannot be measured independently, but the quality consistency of the grinding contact resistance can be ensured due to firm holding and clamping. In the grinding process, the change of the contact resistance is detected by adopting small current, a threshold value is set, and the grinding stop time is automatically judged. This method requires a relatively good threshold value to be obtained from data statistics of multiple measurements. Since the contact resistance is affected by a number of factors, it is also necessary to comprehensively judge in combination with the minimum polishing amount. Before detecting the contact resistance, the carbon brush needs to be ground for a certain length, so that a complete arc surface is guaranteed.
Referring to fig. 3 to 4, the multifunctional grinding roller 1 includes, from left to right, a roller servo motor 15, a roller motor reducer 16, a roller motor base 10 fixedly connected to the equipment platform 40, a motor spacer 17, and a motor connecting shaft sleeve 18 (for connecting the motor and the roller, and allowing the motor to drive the roller intermediate core shaft 25 to rotate so as to drive the roller to perform grinding processing), which are connected to the motor directly by a key, and connected to the roller intermediate core shaft 25 by a coupling, a fixing copper ring 12, a deep groove ball bearing 21, which are fixed to the roller motor base 10, correspond to the old carbon brush 69 and do not rotate with the roller body 11, and a roller left end cap 22 fixedly connected to the roller body 11 (two end caps are provided on both sides of the roller body 11, and are fixed to the roller body 11 by six bolts, the roller left end cap 22 has a countersunk hole and a threaded hole on one side near the motor for fixing the roller The intermediate mandrel 25 rotates the drum. The cylinder right side end cover 26 only supplies the cylinder in the middle of the central spindle 25 through the hole directly), with new carbon brush 71 correspond and be used for grinding the cylinder body 11 of new carbon brush 71, with cylinder body 11 fixed connection's cylinder right side end cover 26 and with equipment platform 40 fixed connection's cylinder right side support 27, fixed copper ring 12 includes flange bucket copper sheet 19 and left side copper sheet fixed flange bucket 20, install a cylinder in the middle of the cylinder body 11 dabber 25 (the dabber is close to the motor side and is used for fixed dabber and cylinder for the ring flange, makes the motor drive the cylinder motion and accomplishes grinding work. The position of the mandrel close to the fixed support is a simple shaft, the fixed support is connected by a bearing, and the accurate distance between the roller and the support is ensured by two round nuts between the bearing and the fixed support. ) One end of the roller middle mandrel 25 is connected with the roller left end cover 22 and driven by the roller servo motor 15 to move, and the other opposite end penetrates through the roller right end cover 26 and is connected with the roller right side bracket 27. The roller motor base 10 and the roller right side bracket 27 are devices for keeping the height and the level of the roller. Roller motor cabinet 10 passes through bolted connection fixed copper ring 12 and motor, and the motion of restriction copper ring and motor, roller motor cabinet 10 still has the effect of supporting the cylinder simultaneously, maintains the cylinder location jointly with cylinder right side support 27, and a support can be saved in the design like this, has simplified the structure, avoids the structure too complicated to cause the later stage installation difficulty. The right bracket 27 of the roller mainly plays a supporting role.
Referring to fig. 5, the carbon brush holder includes a carbon brush base 72 and an upper cover plate 66, an old carbon brush mounting groove for mounting an old carbon brush 69 and a new carbon brush 2 mounting groove for mounting a new carbon brush 71 are formed between the carbon brush base 72 and the upper cover plate 66 (preferably, eight new carbon brushes 71 to be ground that are simultaneously ground are mounted on the left side, an old carbon brush 69 for finding an optimal grinding position is mounted on the right side, a new and old carbon brush spacer block 70 is mounted between the old carbon brush mounting groove and the new carbon brush mounting groove, a new carbon brush upper pressing plate 68 and an old carbon brush upper pressing plate 67 are mounted above the old carbon brush mounting groove and the new carbon brush mounting groove, and adjustable material pressing plates 75 for fixing the old carbon brush 69 and the new carbon brush 71 and adjusting through adjusting bolts are mounted at two ends of the carbon brush base 72 respectively (the main function of the adjustable material pressing plates 75 is to fix the carbon brushes and prevent processing errors caused by clamping errors of the carbon brushes), the left side, the right side, the upper side, the lower side and the rear side of the old carbon brush 69 are provided with old carbon brush insulation spacers 65, and the left side, the right side, the upper side, the lower side and the rear side of the new carbon brush 71 are provided with new carbon brush insulation spacers 64. By adopting the insulating spacer (rubber spacer), on one hand, the fixture can be prevented from scratching the surface of the carbon brush; meanwhile, the carbon brush can be fixed by utilizing the high friction and compressibility of rubber, and machining errors caused by the fact that the carbon brush slides in the machining process are prevented. The carbon brush holder realizes the adjustment of the two-dimensional position of the carbon brush holder through a fork-shear type lifting mechanism and a feeding system 2, the scissor lift mechanism and feed system 2 comprises a scissor lift mechanism 38 which is used for adjusting the up-and-down position of the carbon brush holder and consists of an upper cover plate 66 and a lower cover plate 54, and a carbon brush holder feed system 39 which is used for adjusting the front-and-back position of the carbon brush holder and is fixedly connected with the lower cover plate 54 (the preferable scheme is that a relatively stable radial force is needed to be applied to the carbon brush during carbon brush grinding and contact resistance measurement, so that the carbon brush is well contacted with a roller, a lead screw sliding table (the carbon brush holder feed system 39) is driven by a servo motor, so that the sliding table drives the carbon brush holder to move back and forth, the scheme is flexible, convenient and high in automation degree, and has the defect of increasing the complexity and the weight of the system. The fork shear type lifting mechanism and feeding system 2 drives the carbon brush holder to move up and down through a fork shear mechanism motor 30, so that the center of the carbon brush is deviated from the center of the roller, the motor is a Siemens SIMOTICSS-1FL6 low-inertia motor, Pn is 0.4kW, and the motor is a 2500-line incremental encoder and is provided with a band-type brake. The driver adopts a matched SINAMICSV90200V driver. And a fixed copper ring 12 is coaxially arranged on the left side of the roller and the roller, has the same diameter as the roller, has the width larger than the width of the contact surface of the old carbon brush 69 and is provided with a certain margin for measuring the contact resistance of the old carbon brush 69. Through program setting, the servo motor automatically adjusts the height of the carbon brush holder up and down, and simultaneously the feeding servo motor is matched to keep a certain pressure between the old carbon brush 69 and the fixed copper ring 12, the pressure is calculated by the current of the servo motor and is displayed on a human-computer interface after calibration. When the contact resistance of the old carbon brush 69 and the fixed copper ring 12 is minimum, the system automatically locks the height as the eccentric position of the carbon brush grinding.
Referring to fig. 6 to 8, the scissors-type lifting mechanism 3838 includes, from left to right, a scissors mechanism motor 30, a scissors mechanism motor coupler 31, a scissors mechanism motor base 30, a screw 33, a screw nut 34, a nut moving table 43, and a screw support base 63, which are sequentially connected, an upper spindle base 44 is installed above the nut moving table 43, a left upper slider 45, a left upper slide rail 48, a right upper slider 46, and a right upper slide rail 49 are installed above the upper spindle base 44, a left lower slider 50, a left lower slide rail 52, a right lower slider 51, and a right lower slide rail 53 are installed below the nut moving table 43, the left side of the nut moving table 43 is connected with a left inner angle rod 41 through a connector, the left side of the upper spindle base 44 is connected with a left outer angle rod 37 movably connected with the left inner angle rod 41 through a connector, the right side of the nut moving table 43 is connected with a right inner angle rod 57 through a connector, the right side of the upper rotating shaft seat 44 is connected with a right side outer angle rod 58 movably connected with a right side inner angle rod 57 through a connecting piece, the left side inner angle rod 41 is movably connected with a left side upper double lug seat 42 through a connecting piece, the left side outer angle rod 37 is movably connected with a left side lower double lug seat 36 through a connecting piece, the right side inner angle rod 57 is movably connected with a right side upper double lug seat 62 through a connecting piece, and the right side outer angle rod 58 is movably connected with a right side lower double lug seat 55 through a connecting piece. The connecting piece comprises but is not limited to a rivet, a pin shaft, a screw rod, a screw, a latin and the like, and can be used for fastening two components and simultaneously enabling the connecting piece and the connected piece to do local relative movement. In this embodiment, the coupling is a setscrew 35. Install fork shearing mechanism guard plate 29 between fork shearing mechanism motor 30 and the fork shearing mechanism motor cabinet 30, install fork shearing mechanism motor protection casing 28 on the fork shearing mechanism motor 30, fork shearing mechanism guard plate 29 is connected with down apron 54, slide rail 48 and slide rail 49 and upper cover plate 66 fixed connection on the left side and the right side. When the carbon brush holder feeding system 39 works, the lead screw sliding table and the lower cover plate 54 in the carbon brush holder feeding system 39 are connected, the servo motor of the carbon brush holder feeding system drives the lower cover plate 54 and the carbon brush holder to move back and forth so as to adjust the front and back positions of the carbon brush holder, when the fork-type lifting mechanism 38 works, the motor of the fork-type lifting mechanism drives the height of the fork-type lifting mechanism 38 to change from narrow to large, and the relative positions of the left lower double ear seat 36, the left upper double ear seat 42, the right upper double ear seat 62 and the right lower double ear seat 55 are adjusted to drive the upper cover plate 66 to move in height, and the upper cover plate 66 is connected with the carbon brush holder so as to drive the carbon brush holder to move in height (up and down positions).
Multifunctional grinding roller 1 outside still install with equipment platform 40 fixed connection's cylinder safety cover, the cylinder safety cover includes safety cover epitheca 4 and safety cover inferior valve, housing observation window 6 has been seted up to safety cover epitheca 4, the safety cover inferior valve includes under interconnect's the cylinder shield plate 13 and the slip table dust guard 14. The protective cover upper shell 4 is mainly used for preventing grinding dust generated by grinding from splashing to influence the normal operation of other equipment. The lower shell plays a role in guiding generated abrasive dust to flow to a hopper and a dust collector below. The main function of the housing inspection window 6 is to observe the degree of grinding progress, whether machining requirements are met and whether the initial grinding position is accurate. The side of the protective cover upper shell 4 is provided with a cover shell left handle 5, a cover shell right handle 7, a cover shell observation window left adjusting knob 8 and a cover shell observation window right adjusting knob 9.
Referring to fig. 9, control system 3 is including placing the control computer 74 of multi-functional grinding roller 1 one side (adopt and grind hua 6.5 cun embedded panel computer PPC-3060 s. place in equipment platform 40 one side, integrative with equipment platform 40, the function is nimble), place power supply module, the motor controller and the PLC control system who corresponds the arrangement with cylinder servo motor 15 and fork shear mechanism motor 30 below equipment platform 40 below, the carbon powder collector is still installed to equipment platform 40 below, dust guard 14 links to each other under carbon powder collector and the slip table. The current source adopts Dahua power 1799_6V @180A, the power width is 423mm, the power depth is 433mm, the power source is placed in a box body at the lower part of the equipment platform 40 and is placed together with a frequency converter, a PLC and other electric controls, the current setting and the like are operated by a computer, and the controller keeps vertical layout on the layout, namely the controller of the corresponding motor under the motor. The PLC is reasonably arranged according to the residual space.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and the scope of protection is still within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A carbon brush automatic grinding method based on a servo control system is characterized in that: including the automatic grinding device of a carbon brush, the automatic grinding device of carbon brush includes the equipment platform, control system, install in on the equipment platform and with control system electric connection's multi-functional grinding roller and with multi-functional grinding roller correspond, with control system electric connection and the carbon brush frame of adjustable self two-dimensional position, old carbon brush and a plurality of new carbon brush are placed to the carbon brush frame, multi-functional grinding roller from left to right including the cylinder servo motor that connects gradually, cylinder motor reduction gear, with equipment platform fixed connection's motor cabinet, motor spacer, motor connection axle sleeve, fix on the motor cabinet with old carbon brush corresponds and not along with the rotatory fixed copper ring of cylinder body, deep groove ball bearing, with cylinder body left side end cover of cylinder body fixed connection, with new carbon brush correspond and be used for grinding the cylinder body of new carbon brush, with cylinder body fixed connection's cylinder right side end cover and with equipment platform fixed connection's cylinder right side support The fixed copper ring comprises a flange barrel copper sheet and a left side copper sheet fixed flange barrel, a roller middle mandrel is installed in the roller body, one end of the roller middle mandrel is connected with a roller left side end cover and driven by a roller servo motor to move, the other opposite end penetrates through the roller right side end cover to be connected with a roller right side support, the roller body comprises a grinding roller with a surface added with a grinding material and used for grinding a new carbon brush and a test roller with a surface added with a conductive material and used for testing whether the contact resistance of the new carbon brush and the roller body meets the grinding requirement;
further comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: fixing the old carbon brush on the old carbon brush placing groove in the carbon brush frame manually and connecting a contact resistance detection connecting line, starting equipment to automatically adjust the height of the carbon brush frame, automatically detecting the contact resistance, finishing detection and adjustment when the contact resistance is minimum, withdrawing the carbon brush frame after recording the position, and giving a completion prompt by a system;
step two: taking down the old carbon brush, fixing the new carbon brush to be ground on the carbon brush frame, pressing the new carbon brush through the adjustable material pressing plate, and starting the equipment for automatic grinding;
step three: in the grinding process of the new carbon brush, the contact resistance of the carbon brush is automatically detected according to a set detection rule and is compared with the recorded resistance of the old carbon brush in real time, grinding is stopped when the resistance value meets a deviation range, the carbon brush holder feeding system drives the fork-shear type lifting mechanism to withdraw, and the grinding of the carbon brush is finished.
2. The automatic grinding method for the carbon brush based on the servo control system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the multifunctional grinding roller is externally provided with a roller protection cover fixedly connected with an equipment platform, the roller protection cover comprises a protection cover upper shell and a protection cover lower shell, the protection cover upper shell is provided with a housing observation window, and the protection cover lower shell comprises a protection cover plate and a sliding table lower dust guard plate under the roller of mutual connection.
3. The automatic grinding method for the carbon brush based on the servo control system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the carbon brush frame includes the double-layered clamp plate of carbon brush base and adjustable self two-dimensional position, be formed with the old carbon brush mounting groove that is used for laying the old carbon brush and the new carbon brush mounting groove that is used for laying the new carbon brush between carbon brush base and the double-layered clamp plate, install new and old carbon brush spacer between old carbon brush mounting groove and the new carbon brush mounting groove, the adjustable material clamp plate that is used for fixed old carbon brush and new carbon brush and adjusts through adjusting bolt is installed respectively to the both ends of carbon brush base, old carbon brush rubber spacer is installed to left side, right side, upside, downside and the rear side of old carbon brush, new carbon brush rubber spacer is installed to left side, right side, upside, downside and the rear side of new carbon brush.
4. The automatic grinding method for the carbon brush based on the servo control system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the carbon brush holder is adjusted in two-dimensional position through a fork-shear type lifting mechanism and a feeding system, and the fork-shear type lifting mechanism and the feeding system comprise a fork-shear type lifting mechanism which is used for adjusting the upper position and the lower position of the carbon brush holder and consists of a clamping plate and a lower cover plate, and a carbon brush holder feeding system which is used for adjusting the front position and the rear position of the carbon brush holder and is fixedly connected with the lower cover plate.
5. The automatic grinding method for the carbon brush based on the servo control system as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the scissors-type lifting mechanism comprises a scissors-type mechanism motor, a scissors-type mechanism motor coupler, a scissors-type mechanism motor base, a screw nut, a nut moving table and a screw supporting seat which are sequentially connected from left to right, an upper rotating shaft seat is arranged above the nut moving table, a left upper slide block, a left upper slide rail, a right upper slide block and a right upper slide rail are arranged above the upper rotating shaft seat, a left lower slide block, a left lower slide rail, a right lower slide block and a right lower slide rail are arranged below the nut moving table, the left side of the nut moving table is connected with a left inner angle rod through a connecting piece, the left side of the upper rotating shaft seat is connected with a left outer angle rod movably connected with the left inner angle rod through a connecting piece, the right side of the nut moving table is connected with a right inner angle rod through a connecting piece, the right side of the upper rotating shaft seat is connected with a right, the left inner angle rod is movably connected with a left upper double-lug seat through a connecting piece, the left outer angle rod is movably connected with a left lower double-lug seat through a connecting piece, the right inner angle rod is movably connected with a right upper double-lug seat through a connecting piece, and the right outer angle rod is movably connected with a right lower double-lug seat through a connecting piece.
6. The automatic grinding method for the carbon brush based on the servo control system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: control system is including placing the control computer of multi-functional grinding roller one side, placing power supply module, motor controller and the PLC control system who corresponds the arrangement with multi-functional grinding roller and fork formula elevating system and feed system motor below the equipment platform, the carbon powder collector is still installed to equipment platform below, the dust guard links to each other under carbon powder collector and the slip table.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114952442A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-08-30 | 平顶山学院 | Multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration grinding processing spherical workpiece device |
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| GB822890A (en) * | 1957-05-29 | 1959-11-04 | Gaston Botte | Improvements in machine for shaping the rectilinear edge faces of glass sheets by means of a cylindrical grinding drum |
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