CN112059327B - Internal and external thread grinder with grinding wheel capable of being shaped in situ - Google Patents
Internal and external thread grinder with grinding wheel capable of being shaped in situ Download PDFInfo
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- CN112059327B CN112059327B CN202010879149.7A CN202010879149A CN112059327B CN 112059327 B CN112059327 B CN 112059327B CN 202010879149 A CN202010879149 A CN 202010879149A CN 112059327 B CN112059327 B CN 112059327B
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- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23G—THREAD CUTTING; WORKING OF SCREWS, BOLT HEADS, OR NUTS, IN CONJUNCTION THEREWITH
- B23G1/00—Thread cutting; Automatic machines specially designed therefor
- B23G1/36—Thread cutting; Automatic machines specially designed therefor by grinding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23G—THREAD CUTTING; WORKING OF SCREWS, BOLT HEADS, OR NUTS, IN CONJUNCTION THEREWITH
- B23G1/00—Thread cutting; Automatic machines specially designed therefor
- B23G1/44—Equipment or accessories specially designed for machines or devices for thread cutting
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)
Abstract
According to the internal and external thread grinding machine with the grinding wheel capable of being shaped in situ, an A-axis rotary table 10 is arranged on a rotary table base 11, the A-axis rotary table 10 can rotate on the rotary table base 11, a rotary shaft is defined as an A-axis, and the rotary shaft rotates around the X-axis direction; the grinding wheel headstock 6 can be provided with a large-diameter grinding wheel, and the angle adjustment of the large-diameter grinding wheel or the small-diameter grinding wheel is realized through the rotating shaft A; the swingable angle trimmer 8 is fixed on the side surface of the workpiece headstock 4 and is used for realizing the self-generation of a certain swing angle, and the swingable angle trimmer 8 consists of a roller rotating mechanism 81, a swing angle guiding mechanism 82 and an angle driving mechanism 83; the swing angle guide mechanism 82 and the angle driving mechanism 83 are arranged on the side surface of the workpiece headstock 4; the roller rotating mechanism 81 is mounted on the swing angle guiding mechanism 82; the angle drive mechanism 83 can drive the swing angle guide mechanism 82 to rotate; the roller rotating mechanism 81 can trim a large-diameter grinding wheel mounted on the grinding wheel head frame 6 or a small-diameter grinding wheel mounted on the inner grinding head assembly 12, so that the grinding wheel can be shaped in situ.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an internal and external thread grinder with a grinding wheel capable of in-situ shaping, and belongs to the technical field of internal and external thread grinders capable of realizing in-situ shaping of grinding wheels.
Background
The thread grinding equipment is a key equipment for precise thread machining, and is mainly used for precise machining of important thread measuring tools and parts such as thread measuring tools, thread tools, screw rods and the like. The thread grinder belongs to a special machine tool, has a fixed functional structure and mainly aims at trimming a single profile grinding wheel, so that the trimming mechanism is greatly different from the grinding machine used for internal or external thread grinding in arrangement and structure. The trimming mechanism of the traditional external thread grinder is arranged at the upper part of the grinding wheel head frame, the stroke of the trimming mechanism is shorter, and a guide rail or a sliding block structure is often adopted to move a fixed angle or an arc; the traditional internal thread grinding machine generally adopts a special trimming mechanism which is arranged on a workbench surface, and the arrangement occupies a very large space, so that the specification of the machinable threads of the grinding machine is reduced. Along with the development of a numerical control system, the dressing precision is higher and higher, the dressing mechanism is arranged on a workpiece headstock, but because the space of the workpiece headstock is limited, the dressing mechanism only has rotational freedom for dressing a diamond wheel, machining is realized by means of interpolation of an X axis and a Z axis of a machine tool, for different spiral angle threads, a grinding wheel needs to be regulated to be parallel to the dressing wheel when dressing, and the grinding wheel is rotated to a working swing angle posture again after finishing dressing, so that not only is the repeated positioning precision of the swing angle of the grinding wheel required to be very high, but also the degree of freedom of the grinding wheel shaft of the repeated swing angle reduces the rigidity of the grinding process, and the grinding precision of the threads can be influenced.
Because the planetary screw thread comprises single-head and multi-head internal and external threads, and the thread profile is not uniform, the requirements of long thread length and high precision lead to the need of repeatedly trimming the grinding wheel in the grinding process of the screw thread. The repeated angle-swing grinding wheel dressing mode adopted in the prior art introduces repeated positioning errors, reduces the rigidity of a grinding wheel head frame and influences the final thread grinding precision. In order to meet the planetary screw thread grinding requirement, the structure of the traditional thread grinding machine is required to be properly optimized so as to meet the planetary screw thread precision machining requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems solved by the invention are as follows: the defect of the prior art is overcome, and the internal and external thread grinding machine with the grinding wheel capable of being shaped in situ is provided, the diamond disc wheel inclination angle of the trimmer can be swung through the servo motor, when the angle is equal to the working angle of grinding of the grinding wheel, the disc wheel axis is parallel to the grinding wheel axis, the grinding wheel does not need to swing an angle again after finishing, the thread workpiece is directly ground, and the precision requirement of the repeated swing angle of the grinding wheel headstock is reduced; in addition, the grinding machine can conveniently switch the internal and external grinding wheel grinding headstock to realize the grinding of internal and external threaded workpieces; the X axis and the Z axis of the grinding machine are driven by adopting planetary roller screws, and the grinding machine has the advantages that the rigidity is improved by combining the grinding wheel dressing and thread grinding switching processes without swinging angles, so that the accuracy of thread grinding of the grinding machine is facilitated.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an in-situ shaping grinding wheel internal and external thread grinder, comprising: the machine tool comprises a machine body (1), a Z-axis driving screw rod assembly (2), a workbench (3), a workpiece headstock (4), a swinging angle trimmer (8), an X-axis driving screw rod assembly (9), an A-axis rotary table (10) and a rotary table base (11); the grinding wheel head frame (6) or the inner grinding head assembly (12) is also included; also optionally include: a tailstock (7);
the motion direction of the workbench (3) relative to the lathe bed (1) is set as a Z-axis direction; the workbench (3) linearly reciprocates along the Z-axis direction;
Defining that an X axis is perpendicular to a Z axis, and linearly and reciprocally moving the turntable base (11) along the X axis direction;
The workbench (3) and the turntable base (11) are arranged on the lathe bed (1), the workpiece headstock (4) and the tailstock (7) are arranged on the workbench (3), a rotating shaft C, namely a C shaft, is arranged on the workpiece headstock (4), a chuck or a center can be mounted, and when the tailstock (7) is arranged, the tailstock and the workpiece headstock (4) are matched to realize the supporting of a workpiece; the A-axis rotary table (10) is arranged on the turntable base (11), the A-axis rotary table (10) can rotate on the turntable base (11), the rotating shaft is defined as an A-axis, the rotating shaft rotates around the X-axis direction (the rotating angle of the A-axis is 0 DEG, the rotating angle of the A-axis is defined as that the A-axis rotates to a position which enables the axis of the grinding wheel to be parallel to the axis of a workpiece to be 0 DEG, the maximum rotating angle in the positive and negative directions is 15 DEG), and the grinding wheel headstock (6) or the inner grinding head assembly (12) can be fixedly connected with one side of the A-axis rotary table (10) opposite to the workbench (3) through bolts; the grinding wheel head frame (6) can be provided with a large-diameter grinding wheel, the inner grinding head assembly 12 can be provided with a small-diameter grinding wheel, and the angle adjustment of the large-diameter grinding wheel or the small-diameter grinding wheel is realized through the rotating shaft A; the Z-axis driving screw rod assembly (2) is arranged between the workbench (3) and the lathe bed (1) and can drive the workbench (3) to linearly reciprocate along the Z-axis direction;
The X-axis driving screw rod assembly (9) is arranged between the turntable base (11) and the lathe bed (1) and can drive the turntable base (11) to linearly reciprocate along the X-axis direction;
The swingable angle trimmer (8) consists of a roller rotating mechanism (81), a swinging angle guiding mechanism (82) and an angle driving mechanism (83).
The swing angle guide mechanism (82) and the angle driving mechanism (83) are arranged on the side surface of the workpiece headstock (4);
the roller rotating mechanism (81) is arranged on the swing angle guiding mechanism (82);
the angle driving mechanism (83) can drive the swing angle guiding mechanism (82) to rotate;
The roller rotating mechanism (81) can trim a large-diameter grinding wheel arranged on the grinding wheel head frame (6) or a small-diameter grinding wheel arranged on the inner grinding head assembly (12).
Preferably, the bed body (1) is T-shaped and comprises a transverse part and a vertical part; the Z-axis driving screw rod assembly (2) is arranged at the transverse part of the lathe bed (1), and the workbench (3) is arranged on the lathe bed (1) through the Z-axis driving screw rod assembly (2); the X-axis driving screw rod assembly (9) is arranged at the vertical part of the lathe bed (1); the turntable base (11) is arranged on the lathe bed (1) through an X-axis driving screw rod assembly (9).
Preferably, a large-diameter grinding wheel can be arranged on the grinding wheel head frame (6), and the diameter is more than 350 mm; the inner grinding head assembly (12) can be provided with a small-diameter grinding wheel, and the diameter of the inner grinding head assembly is below 45 mm.
Preferably, the swingable angle trimmer (8) is fixed to the side surface of the workpiece head frame (4), and can realize self-generation of a swinging angle.
Preferably, the swing angle guide mechanism (82) is mounted on the inner side of the workpiece headstock (4), namely, on the side close to the turntable base (11), and the angle driving mechanism (83) is mounted on the left side of the workpiece headstock (4), namely, on the end far from the tailstock 7.
Preferably, the swing angle guide mechanism (82) includes: a swing angle slide plate (23), a guide slide pin (21), a headstock side slide plate (22), a slide plate centering pin shaft (31) and a slewing bearing (32);
The edge of one end of the swing angle sliding plate (23) is provided with a sector gear (231), a sliding pin guide groove (232) is arranged beside the sector gear (231), the other end of the swing angle sliding plate (23) is provided with a bearing hole, and a rotary bearing (32) is fixed; a concave arc-shaped groove corresponding to the dovetail sliding rail is formed in one side, facing the dovetail sliding rail, of the swing angle sliding plate (23), and the concave arc-shaped groove is matched with the dovetail sliding rail to enable the swing angle sliding plate (23) to rotate around the sliding plate centering pin shaft (31); the swing angle slide plate (23) is also provided with a bracket hole which is used as a frame for fixing the roller rotating mechanism (81);
The headstock side sliding plate (22) is provided with a pin hole, a pin shaft hole and a circular arc dovetail sliding rail; the pin hole is positioned at one end of the headstock side sliding plate (22), the pin shaft is positioned at the other end of the headstock side sliding plate (22), and the arc-shaped dovetail sliding rail is positioned in the middle of the headstock side sliding plate (22); the pin holes can be matched with the guide sliding pins (21);
wherein the rotary bearing (32) is sleeved on the slide centering pin shaft (31), and the centering pin shaft (31) is pressed in a pin shaft hole on the headstock side slide plate (22); the guide sliding pin (21) is pressed into a pin hole on the headstock side sliding plate (22), and the guide sliding pin (21) is matched with a sliding pin guide groove (232) on the swing angle sliding plate (23) to realize the rotary guide of the swing angle sliding plate (23); the axis of the slide centering pin shaft (31) is perpendicularly intersected with the rotation axis of the diamond disc wheel (31) in the roller rotating mechanism (81) and passes through the central symmetry plane of the diamond disc wheel (31). (the plane of central symmetry represents a plane that is drawn through the dotted line in the middle of the diamond disk wheel 31 in FIG. 5 and parallel to the end face of the diamond disk wheel)
Preferably, the sliding pin guide groove (232) is arc-shaped, and the center of the sliding pin guide groove (232) is positioned at the center of the bearing hole; the headstock side sliding plate (22) is a rectangular flat plate with thickness, the circle center of the circular arc dovetail sliding rail is the center of the pin shaft hole, and the pin hole on the headstock side sliding plate (22) and the axis of the pin shaft hole are positioned on the same horizontal plane.
Preferably, the roller rotating mechanism (81) comprises a roller driving motor (24), a second coupler (25), a third locknut (26), a roller shaft supporting bearing (27), a mechanical seal assembly (28), a roller main shaft (29) and a diamond disc wheel (30);
The roller driving motor (24) is fixed on the frame of the swing angle slide plate (23);
The roller main shaft (29) is arranged in a bracket hole of the swing angle slide plate (23) through a roller shaft supporting bearing (27), and the roller main shaft (29) is axially fixed in the bracket hole through a third locknut (26); one end of the roller main shaft (29) is fixedly connected with the roller driving motor (24) through a second coupler (25);
The mechanical seal assembly (28) is sleeved on the roller main shaft (29), one side of the mechanical seal assembly 28 is contacted with the end face of the orifice of the bracket hole of the swing angle slide plate (23) far away from one side of the guide slide pin (21), and the other side is contacted with the bracket end cover (34) sleeved on the roller main shaft (29), so that the sealing protection of the roller shaft supporting bearing (27) is realized; the diamond disc wheel (30) is fixed at the other end of the roller main shaft (29) through a nut, and the diamond disc wheel (30) is used for trimming a large-diameter grinding wheel arranged on the grinding wheel head frame (6) or a small-diameter grinding wheel arranged on the inner grinding head assembly (12).
Preferably, the mechanical seal assembly (28) adopts a labyrinth seal mode, and comprises a fixed seal ring (282) and a rotary seal ring (281), wherein a shaft shoulder is arranged on the roller main shaft (29), one end of the fixed seal ring (282) is fixed on the end face of an orifice (fixed seal ring is fixed on the support 23 and is sleeved on the roller main shaft (29)) at one side of a support hole of the swing angle slide plate (23) far away from the guide slide pin (21), the inner side of the rotary seal ring (281) is sleeved on the roller main shaft (29), one end of the rotary seal ring is leaned against the shaft shoulder of the roller main shaft (29), and the other end of the rotary seal ring is contacted with the roller shaft support bearing (27);
Preferably, the angle driving mechanism (83) includes: the swing angle motor (13), a first coupler (14), a first locknut (15), a first support bearing (16), a gear shaft (17), a second support bearing (18), a second locknut (19) and a gear shaft support (20);
the first support bearing (16) and the second support bearing (18) are arranged at two ends of the gear shaft (170), the gear shaft support (20) is fixed at the side surface of the workpiece headstock (4) (namely, one end far away from the tailstock 7), the gear shaft (17) is arranged in the gear shaft support (20) through the first support bearing (16) and the second support bearing (18), threads are arranged at two ends of the gear shaft (17), a first locknut (15) and a second locknut (19) can be arranged at two ends of the gear shaft (17), the axial positions of the first support bearing (16) and the second support bearing (18) are limited through the first locknut (15) and the second locknut (19), so that the axial displacement of the gear shaft (17) is limited, one end of the gear shaft (17) is fixedly connected with the swing angle motor (13) through the first coupler (14), and the swing angle motor (13) is arranged on the gear shaft support (20);
The gear shaft (17) is meshed with the sector gear (231) on the swing angle slide plate (23) through the driving gear (171) on the gear shaft, and the swing angle slide plate (23) can be driven to rotate around the slide plate centering pin shaft (31) by a certain angle through the gear shaft (17); namely, the angle driving mechanism (83) drives the sector gear (231) of the swing angle slide plate (23) to rotate through the driving gear (171) of the gear shaft (17) so as to realize the angle swing of the swing angle guiding mechanism (82), and the transmission tie is in gear transmission.
Preferably, the A-axis rotary table (10) is a rotary body rotating within 30 degrees, the axis of the rotary body is the A axis, the A-axis rotary table (10) can rotate around a certain angle in the X axis direction, and one side of the A-axis rotary table (10) close to the workbench (3) is provided with screw holes for installing a grinding wheel head frame (6) and an inner grinding head assembly (12).
Preferably, a grinding wheel head frame (6) for external thread grinding and an internal grinding head assembly (12) for internal thread grinding can be respectively arranged on the A-axis rotary table (10) according to the requirement; when the grinding wheel headstock (6) is installed, the thread grinder needs to be matched with the tailstock (7) and the center on the workpiece headstock (4) for grinding the external threads of the screw rod part (5); when the internal grinding head assembly (12) is installed, the workpiece head frame (4) of the thread grinder needs to be matched with a chuck to clamp a nut part (33) for grinding internal threads.
Preferably, the workbench (3) and the turntable base (11) are driven by a Z-axis driving screw assembly (2) and an X-axis driving screw assembly (9), and the Z-axis driving screw assembly (2) and the X-axis driving screw assembly (9) are composed of planetary roller screws, direct driving motors and roller guide rails;
The direct-drive motor drives the planetary roller screw to rotate and drives the workbench (3) and the turntable base (11) to do linear motion along the roller guide rail;
The planetary roller screw described above can also be replaced by a high-precision ball screw.
Preferably, the swing angle guiding mechanism (82) of the swing angle trimmer (8) and the angle driving mechanism (83) are in gear engagement transmission, and can also adopt a worm and fan-shaped turbine mode;
preferably, the slide centering pin (31) and the swivel bearing (32) can be replaced by a sliding bearing, a rolling bearing or a crossed roller bearing;
Preferably, the arc-shaped dovetail sliding rail section of the swing angle guide mechanism (82) is dovetail or T-shaped.
Preferably, the angle driving mechanism (83) can also be directly used for manually driving the gear shaft (17) to rotate through the additional handle without being connected with the swing angle motor (13).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) The invention solves the problems of precision and rigidity introduced by the grinding wheel trimming and the back and forth swinging in the thread grinding during the thread processing, when the grinding wheel is at a working angle, the trimmer can adjust the axis of the diamond disc wheel to be parallel to the axis of the grinding wheel, and when the grinding wheel is trimmed, the movement of a grinding wheel head frame is omitted, thereby shortening the trimming time;
(2) The trimmer arranged on the grinding machine has the advantages that the trimming of the large grinding wheel for the external threads and the small grinding wheel for the internal threads is considered, the trimmer has the degree of freedom of rotation, CNC trimming can be realized by means of two-axis interpolation of the grinding wheel feeding servo shaft and the workbench servo shaft, and the equipment cost of the traditional internal and external thread grinding machine provided with two trimming devices is reduced;
(3) The grinding machine can be conveniently switched to realize internal and external thread machining, is suitable for grinding the planetary roller screw nuts, rollers and screw threads, and can finish the planetary roller screw nuts, rollers and screw threads with different specifications through one piece of equipment;
(4) The planetary roller screw is used as the transmission screw, so that the feeding direction rigidity is high, the feeding resolution is high, the dynamic rigidity of the grinding machine is improved, and the thread machining precision can be effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a thread grinder of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the thread grinder of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the thread grinder of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the inventive trimmer structure;
fig. 5 is a front view of the swing slider of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
According to the internal and external thread grinding machine with the grinding wheel capable of being shaped in situ, an A-axis rotary table 10 is arranged on a rotary table base 11, the A-axis rotary table 10 can rotate on the rotary table base 11, a rotary shaft is defined as an A-axis, and the rotary shaft rotates around the X-axis direction; the grinding wheel headstock 6 can be provided with a large-diameter grinding wheel, and the angle adjustment of the large-diameter grinding wheel or the small-diameter grinding wheel is realized through the rotating shaft A; the swingable angle trimmer 8 is fixed on the side surface of the workpiece headstock 4 and is used for realizing the self-generation of a certain swing angle, and the swingable angle trimmer 8 consists of a roller rotating mechanism 81, a swing angle guiding mechanism 82 and an angle driving mechanism 83; the swing angle guide mechanism 82 and the angle driving mechanism 83 are arranged on the side surface of the workpiece headstock 4; the roller rotating mechanism 81 is mounted on the swing angle guiding mechanism 82; the angle drive mechanism 83 can drive the swing angle guide mechanism 82 to rotate; the roller rotating mechanism 81 can trim a large-diameter grinding wheel mounted on the grinding wheel head frame 6 or a small-diameter grinding wheel mounted on the inner grinding head assembly 12, so that the grinding wheel can be shaped in situ.
FIGS. 1 and 2 are front and top views of a grinding machine of the present invention configured for grinding externally threaded parts; FIG. 3 is a top view of a grinding machine according to the present invention configured for grinding internally threaded parts; fig. 4 and 5 are a sectional view of the dresser and a front view of the swing angle slide plate, respectively showing the internal structural arrangement of the dresser and the movement posture of the slide plate when the diamond disk wheel swings at a certain angle.
The invention relates to an internal and external thread grinder with a grinding wheel capable of being shaped in situ, which comprises the following components: the machine tool comprises a machine body (1), a Z-axis driving screw rod assembly (2), a workbench (3), a workpiece headstock (4), a swinging angle trimmer (8), an X-axis driving screw rod assembly (9), an A-axis rotary table (10) and a rotary table base (11); the grinding wheel head frame (6) or the inner grinding head assembly (12) is also included; also optionally include: a tailstock (7);
the motion direction of the workbench (3) relative to the lathe bed (1) is set as a Z-axis direction; the workbench (3) linearly reciprocates along the Z-axis direction;
Defining that an X axis is perpendicular to a Z axis, and linearly and reciprocally moving the turntable base (11) along the X axis direction;
the workbench (3) and the turntable base (11) are arranged on the lathe bed (1), the workpiece headstock (4) and the tailstock (7) are arranged on the workbench (3), a rotating shaft C, namely a C shaft, is arranged on the workpiece headstock (4), a chuck or a center can be mounted, and when the tailstock (7) is arranged, the tailstock and the workpiece headstock (4) are matched to realize the supporting of a workpiece; the A-axis rotary table (10) is arranged on the turntable base (11), the A-axis rotary table (10) can rotate on the turntable base (11), the rotating shaft is defined as an A-axis, the rotating shaft rotates around the X-axis direction (the rotating angle of the A-axis is 0 DEG, preferably defined as that the A-axis rotates to a position for keeping the axis of the grinding wheel parallel to the axis of a workpiece is 0 DEG, the maximum rotating angle in the positive and negative directions is 15 DEG), and the grinding wheel headstock (6) or the inner grinding head assembly (12) can be fixedly connected with one side of the A-axis rotary table (10) opposite to the workbench (3) through bolts; the grinding wheel head frame (6) can be provided with a large-diameter grinding wheel, the inner grinding head assembly 12 can be provided with a small-diameter grinding wheel, and the angle adjustment of the large-diameter grinding wheel or the small-diameter grinding wheel is realized through the rotating shaft A; the Z-axis driving screw rod assembly (2) is arranged between the workbench (3) and the lathe bed (1) and can drive the workbench (3) to linearly reciprocate along the Z-axis direction;
The X-axis driving screw rod assembly (9) is arranged between the turntable base (11) and the lathe bed (1) and can drive the turntable base (11) to linearly reciprocate along the X-axis direction;
The swingable angle trimmer (8) consists of a roller rotating mechanism (81), a swinging angle guiding mechanism (82) and an angle driving mechanism (83).
The swing angle guide mechanism (82) and the angle driving mechanism (83) are arranged on the side surface of the workpiece headstock (4);
the roller rotating mechanism (81) is arranged on the swing angle guiding mechanism (82);
the angle driving mechanism (83) can drive the swing angle guiding mechanism (82) to rotate;
The roller rotating mechanism (81) can trim a large-diameter grinding wheel arranged on the grinding wheel head frame (6) or a small-diameter grinding wheel arranged on the inner grinding head assembly (12).
Preferably, the bed body (1) is T-shaped and comprises a transverse part and a vertical part; the Z-axis driving screw rod assembly (2) is arranged at the transverse part of the lathe bed (1), and the workbench (3) is arranged on the lathe bed (1) through the Z-axis driving screw rod assembly (2); the X-axis driving screw rod assembly (9) is arranged at the vertical part of the lathe bed (1); the turntable base (11) is arranged on the lathe bed (1) through an X-axis driving screw rod assembly (9).
Preferably, a large-diameter grinding wheel can be arranged on the grinding wheel head frame (6), and the diameter is more than 350 mm; the inner grinding head assembly (12) can be provided with a small-diameter grinding wheel, and the diameter of the inner grinding head assembly is below 45 mm.
Preferably, the swingable angle trimmer (8) is fixed to the side surface of the workpiece head frame (4), and can realize self-generation of a swinging angle.
Preferably, the swing angle guide mechanism (82) is mounted on the inner side of the workpiece headstock (4), namely, on the side close to the turntable base (11), and the angle driving mechanism (83) is mounted on the left side of the workpiece headstock (4), namely, on the end far from the tailstock 7.
Preferably, the swing angle guide mechanism (82) includes: a swing angle slide plate (23), a guide slide pin (21), a headstock side slide plate (22), a slide plate centering pin shaft (31) and a slewing bearing (32);
The edge of one end of the swing angle sliding plate (23) is provided with a sector gear (231), a sliding pin guide groove (232) is arranged beside the sector gear (231), the other end of the swing angle sliding plate (23) is provided with a bearing hole, and a rotary bearing (32) is fixed; a concave arc-shaped groove corresponding to the dovetail sliding rail is formed in one side, facing the dovetail sliding rail, of the swing angle sliding plate (23), and the concave arc-shaped groove is matched with the dovetail sliding rail to enable the swing angle sliding plate (23) to rotate around the sliding plate centering pin shaft (31); the swing angle slide plate (23) is also provided with a bracket hole which is used as a frame for fixing the roller rotating mechanism (81);
The headstock side sliding plate (22) is provided with a pin hole, a pin shaft hole and a circular arc dovetail sliding rail; the pin hole is positioned at one end of the headstock side sliding plate (22), the pin shaft is positioned at the other end of the headstock side sliding plate (22), and the arc-shaped dovetail sliding rail is positioned in the middle of the headstock side sliding plate (22); the pin holes can be matched with the guide sliding pins (21);
wherein the rotary bearing (32) is sleeved on the slide centering pin shaft (31), and the centering pin shaft (31) is pressed in a pin shaft hole on the headstock side slide plate (22); the guide sliding pin (21) is pressed into a pin hole on the headstock side sliding plate (22), and the guide sliding pin (21) is matched with a sliding pin guide groove (232) on the swing angle sliding plate (23) to realize the rotary guide of the swing angle sliding plate (23); the axis of the slide centering pin shaft (31) is perpendicularly intersected with the rotation axis of the diamond disc wheel (31) in the roller rotating mechanism (81) and passes through the central symmetry plane of the diamond disc wheel (31). (the plane of central symmetry represents a plane that is drawn through the dotted line in the middle of the diamond disk wheel 31 in FIG. 5 and parallel to the end face of the diamond disk wheel)
Preferably, the sliding pin guide groove (232) is arc-shaped, and the center of the sliding pin guide groove (232) is positioned at the center of the bearing hole; the headstock side sliding plate (22) is a rectangular flat plate with thickness, the circle center of the circular arc dovetail sliding rail is the center of the pin shaft hole, and the pin hole on the headstock side sliding plate (22) and the axis of the pin shaft hole are positioned on the same horizontal plane.
Preferably, the roller rotating mechanism (81) comprises a roller driving motor (24), a second coupler (25), a third locknut (26), a roller shaft supporting bearing (27), a mechanical seal assembly (28), a roller main shaft (29) and a diamond disc wheel (30);
The roller driving motor (24) is fixed on the frame of the swing angle slide plate (23);
The roller main shaft (29) is arranged in a bracket hole of the swing angle slide plate (23) through a roller shaft supporting bearing (27), and the roller main shaft (29) is axially fixed in the bracket hole through a third locknut (26); one end of the roller main shaft (29) is fixedly connected with the roller driving motor (24) through a second coupler (25);
The mechanical seal assembly (28) is sleeved on the roller main shaft (29), one side of the mechanical seal assembly 28 is contacted with the end face of the orifice of the bracket hole of the swing angle slide plate (23) far away from one side of the guide slide pin (21), and the other side is contacted with the bracket end cover (34) sleeved on the roller main shaft (29), so that the sealing protection of the roller shaft supporting bearing (27) is realized; the diamond disc wheel (30) is fixed at the other end of the roller main shaft (29) through a nut, and the diamond disc wheel (30) is used for trimming a large-diameter grinding wheel arranged on the grinding wheel head frame (6) or a small-diameter grinding wheel arranged on the inner grinding head assembly (12).
Preferably, the mechanical seal assembly (28) adopts a labyrinth seal mode and comprises a fixed seal ring (282) and a rotary seal ring (281), a shaft shoulder is arranged on the roller main shaft (29), one end of the fixed seal ring (282) is fixed on the end face of a support hole of the swing angle slide plate (23) at one side far away from the orifice of the guide slide pin (21), the inner side of the rotary seal ring (281) is sleeved on the roller main shaft (29), one end of the rotary seal ring is leaned against the shaft shoulder of the roller main shaft (29), and the other end of the rotary seal ring is contacted with the roller shaft supporting bearing (27);
Preferably, the angle driving mechanism (83) includes: the swing angle motor (13), a first coupler (14), a first locknut (15), a first support bearing (16), a gear shaft (17), a second support bearing (18), a second locknut (19) and a gear shaft support (20);
the first support bearing (16) and the second support bearing (18) are arranged at two ends of the gear shaft (170), the gear shaft support (20) is fixed at the side surface of the workpiece headstock (4) (namely, one end far away from the tailstock 7), the gear shaft (17) is arranged in the gear shaft support (20) through the first support bearing (16) and the second support bearing (18), threads are arranged at two ends of the gear shaft (17), a first locknut (15) and a second locknut (19) can be arranged at two ends of the gear shaft (17), the axial positions of the first support bearing (16) and the second support bearing (18) are limited through the first locknut (15) and the second locknut (19), so that the axial displacement of the gear shaft (17) is limited, one end of the gear shaft (17) is fixedly connected with the swing angle motor (13) through the first coupler (14), and the swing angle motor (13) is arranged on the gear shaft support (20);
The gear shaft (17) is meshed with the sector gear (231) on the swing angle slide plate (23) through the driving gear (171) on the gear shaft, and the swing angle slide plate (23) can be driven to rotate around the slide plate centering pin shaft (31) by a certain angle through the gear shaft (17); namely, the angle driving mechanism (83) drives the sector gear (231) of the swing angle slide plate (23) to rotate through the driving gear (171) of the gear shaft (17) so as to realize the angle swing of the swing angle guiding mechanism (82), and the transmission tie is in gear transmission.
Preferably, the a-axis rotary table (10) is a rotary body (namely, the a-axis is defined to rotate to a position of 0 degrees for enabling the axis of the grinding wheel to be parallel to the axis of the workpiece, the maximum rotation angle in the positive and negative directions is 15 degrees), the axis of the rotary body is the a-axis, the a-axis rotary table (10) can rotate around a certain angle in the X-axis direction, and a screw hole for installing the grinding wheel headstock (6) and the inner grinding head assembly (12) is arranged on one side, close to the workbench (3), of the a-axis rotary table (10).
Preferably, a grinding wheel head frame (6) for external thread grinding and an internal grinding head assembly (12) for internal thread grinding can be respectively arranged on the A-axis rotary table (10) according to the requirement; when the grinding wheel headstock (6) is installed, the thread grinder needs to be matched with the tailstock (7) and the center on the workpiece headstock (4) for grinding the external threads of the screw rod part (5); when the internal grinding head assembly (12) is installed, the workpiece head frame (4) of the thread grinder needs to be matched with a chuck to clamp a nut part (33) for grinding internal threads.
Preferably, the workbench (3) and the turntable base (11) are driven by a Z-axis driving screw assembly (2) and an X-axis driving screw assembly (9), and the Z-axis driving screw assembly (2) and the X-axis driving screw assembly (9) are composed of planetary roller screws, direct driving motors and roller guide rails;
The direct-drive motor drives the planetary roller screw to rotate and drives the workbench (3) and the turntable base (11) to do linear motion along the roller guide rail;
The planetary roller screw described above can also be replaced by a high-precision ball screw.
Preferably, the swing angle guiding mechanism (82) of the swing angle trimmer (8) and the angle driving mechanism (83) are in gear engagement transmission, and can also adopt a worm and fan-shaped turbine mode;
preferably, the slide centering pin (31) and the swivel bearing (32) can be replaced by a sliding bearing, a rolling bearing or a crossed roller bearing;
Preferably, the arc-shaped dovetail sliding rail section of the swing angle guide mechanism (82) is dovetail or T-shaped.
Preferably, the angle driving mechanism (83) can also be directly used for manually driving the gear shaft (17) to rotate through the additional handle without being connected with the swing angle motor (13).
The preferable scheme of the invention is as follows: the grinding machine is provided with an A-axis maximum rotation angle of +/-15 degrees, the corresponding trimmer can drive Jin Gangdie wheels to rotate at an angle of +/-15 degrees, and the position of the grinding wheel axis or the diamond disc wheel axis in the horizontal direction is set to be 0 degrees.
The preferable scheme of the invention is as follows: the grinder body is made of cast iron or artificial granite, so that the vibration resistance of the grinder is improved, and the sensitivity to heat sources is reduced. The Z-axis and X-axis driving screw rods adopt precision screw rods with more than G1 level, and the full-closed-loop grating ruler is adopted, so that high-position precision control is realized.
FIGS. 1 to 5 are each a respective view of the present invention, and are described below with reference to the drawings
As shown in fig. 1,2 and 3, the grinding wheel in-situ shaping internal and external thread grinding machine comprises a machine body 1, a Z-axis driving screw assembly 2, a workbench 3, a workpiece headstock 4, a grinding wheel headstock 6, a tailstock 7, a swinging angle trimmer 8, an X-axis driving screw assembly 9, an A-axis rotary table 10 and the like;
The workbench 3 and the turntable base 11 are arranged on the T-shaped lathe bed 1 and can move on the lathe bed in parallel along the Z axis and the X axis; the workpiece headstock 4 and the tailstock 7 are arranged on the workbench 3; the A-axis rotary table 10 is arranged on the rotary table base 11 to form an A-axis with a certain rotation angle, and the grinding wheel headstock 6 and the inner grinding head assembly 12 can be fixedly connected with the end surface of the A-axis rotary table 10 by bolts to realize the angle adjustment of the grinding wheel in the thread grinding process; the swingable angle trimmer 8 is arranged on the side surface of the workpiece headstock 4, and can drive the swingable angle sliding plate 23 to rotate around the sliding plate centering pin shaft 31 by a certain angle through the gear shaft 17, so that the axial direction of the roller main shaft 29 is parallel to the axial direction of the grinding wheel headstock 6 or staggered by a certain angle.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the pivotable finisher 8 includes a roller rotating mechanism 81, a pivot guide mechanism 82, and an angle driving mechanism 83. Wherein the swing angle guiding mechanism 82 is arranged on the inner side of the workpiece headstock 4, the angle driving mechanism 83 is arranged on the left side of the workpiece headstock 4, and the roller rotating mechanism 81 is arranged on the frame of the swing angle guiding mechanism 82; the angle driving mechanism 83 drives the sector gear 231 of the swing angle slide plate 23 to rotate through the driving gear 171 of the gear shaft 17, so as to realize the angle swing of the swing angle guiding mechanism 82, and the transmission link is transmitted through a gear.
The roller rotating mechanism 81 includes a roller driving motor 24, a second coupling 25, a third locknut 26, a roller shaft support bearing 27, a mechanical seal assembly 28, a roller spindle 29, and a diamond disk wheel 31. The roller main shaft 29 is arranged in a bracket hole of the swing angle slide plate 23 through a roller shaft supporting bearing 27 and is axially fixed through a third locknut 26; one end of the roller main shaft 29 is fixedly connected with the roller driving motor 24 through a second coupling 25; one end of the mechanical seal assembly 28 contacts the roller spindle shoulder, one end and a swing angle slide plate 23 is contacted with the end face of the support hole, the end cover is fixed at the middle end of the roller main shaft 29 through the support hole; the diamond disk wheel 31 is fixed to the right end of the roller main shaft 29 by a nut.
The mechanical seal assembly 28 adopts a labyrinth seal mode and comprises a fixed seal ring and a rotary seal ring, wherein the fixed seal ring is fixed on the end face of a support hole of the swing angle sliding plate 23, and the rotary seal ring is fixedly connected with the roller pearl sea 29.
The swing angle guiding mechanism 82 consists of a swing angle slide plate 23, a guiding slide pin 21, a headstock side slide plate 22, a slide plate centering pin shaft 31 and a slewing bearing 32; wherein the rotary bearing 32 is sleeved on the slide centering pin shaft 31, and the rotary bearing and the slide centering pin shaft are pressed on the headstock side slide 22 together; the guide sliding pin 21 is pressed into the headstock side sliding plate 22, and the guide sliding pin 21 is matched with a sliding pin guide groove 232 on the swing angle sliding plate 23; the center of the concave arc-shaped groove on the swing angle slide plate 23 coincides with the center of the rotary bearing 32, and the concave arc-shaped groove is matched with the arc-shaped guide block on the headstock side slide plate 22; the axis of the slide centering pin 31 perpendicularly intersects the rotation axis of the diamond disk wheel 31 and passes through the central symmetry plane of the diamond disk wheel 31.
The angle driving mechanism 83 is composed of a swing angle motor 13, a first coupling 14, a first locknut 15, a first support bearing 16, a gear shaft 17, a second support bearing 18, a second locknut 19 and a gear shaft support 20. The gear shaft is mounted on a gear shaft support 20 through a first support bearing 16 and a second support bearing 18, axial displacement is limited through a first locknut 15 and a second locknut 19, and the gear shaft 17 is fixedly connected with the swing angle motor 13 through a first coupling 14.
The gear shaft 17 is meshed with a sector gear 232 on the swing angle slider 23 through a drive gear 171.
The A-axis rotary table 10 is a semi-closed rotary shaft, and can rotate around the X-axis at a certain angle, and screw holes for installing the grinding wheel headstock 6 and the inner grinding head assembly 12 are arranged on the end face of the A-axis rotary table 10.
The thread grinder can be respectively provided with a grinding wheel head frame 6 for external thread grinding and an internal grinding head assembly 12 for internal thread grinding according to the requirement; when the grinding wheel headstock 6 is installed, the thread grinder needs to be matched with the tailstock 7 and the headstock center for grinding the external threads of the screw rod part 5; when the internal grinding head assembly 12 is installed, the workpiece headstock 4 of the thread grinder needs to be matched with an installation fixture to clamp the nut part 33 for grinding internal threads.
The workbench 3 and the turntable base 11 are driven by a Z-axis driving screw rod assembly 2 and an X-axis driving screw rod assembly 9 respectively, and the Z-axis driving screw rod assembly 2 and the X-axis driving screw rod assembly 9 are composed of planetary roller screws, direct driving motors and roller guide rails.
The planetary roller screw may also be replaced by a high-precision ball screw.
The swing angle guide mechanism 82 of the swing angle trimmer 8 and the angle driving mechanism 83 are in gear engagement transmission, and can also adopt a worm and fan-shaped turbine mode;
The slide centering pin 31 and the swivel bearing 32 may be a sliding bearing, a rolling bearing, a crossed roller bearing;
The arcuate guide block section of the swing angle guide 82 may be a dovetail, T-block.
The angle driving mechanism 83 may be directly operated to rotate the gear shaft 17 by adding a handle without connecting the swing angle motor 13.
The method for implementing the swingable angle trimmer 8 comprises the following steps: the swing angle motor 13 drives the gear shaft 17 to rotate through the first coupling 14, the gear shaft 17 and the sector gear 231 of the swing angle slide plate 23 are meshed for movement, the swing angle slide plate 23 is driven to rotate around the central line of the slide plate centering pin shaft 31, and then the diamond disc wheel 31 fixedly connected to the support shaft hole of the swing angle slide plate 23 is driven to swing together; the roller driving motor 24 drives the roller spindle 29 to rotate through the second coupling 25, and further drives the diamond disk wheel 31 fixedly connected to the roller spindle 29 to rotate.
The preferable control mode of the internal and external thread grinder with the grinding wheel capable of being shaped in situ comprises the following steps: after the grinding wheel headstock 6 or the inner grinding head assembly 12 swings to a certain working angle through the A-axis rotary table 10, the swinging angle trimmer 8 drives the diamond disc wheel 31 to swing to a certain angle through the swinging angle motor 13, finally the axis of the diamond disc wheel 31 rotates to the same working angle as the axis of the grinding wheel, and then the grinding wheel shape trimming is realized through the X-axis and Z-axis interpolation of the thread grinder; after finishing the grinding wheel shaping, the grinding wheel head frame 6 or the inner grinding head assembly 12 maintains the shaping working angle, and the screw thread grinding of the screw rod part 5 or the nut part 33 is performed.
The invention realizes the further preferable scheme of improving the grinding wheel shaping precision: the rotation linear speed of the outer circle of the diamond disc wheel is set to be V1, the rotation linear speed of the dressed grinding wheel is set to be V2, the requirement of 0.6< (V2/V1) <1.2 is preferably met, the preferable constraint condition is met, and further improvement of grinding wheel dressing precision can be realized.
The invention realizes the further preferable scheme of the rigidity improvement of the grinding wheel head frame of the grinding machine: when the thread angle of the threaded part is alpha, the angle of oscillation of the grinding wheel is kept constant during grinding or thread grinding, and the angle of oscillation of the diamond disc wheel is also kept constant, so that the degree of freedom of reciprocating swing between the grinding wheel and the grinding workpiece is reduced, the dressing rigidity is improved, and the further improvement of the grinding wheel dressing precision can be realized.
The parts to be machined are preferably: planetary screw rod, rolling rod, plug gauge, screw, planetary screw nut, ring gauge, etc.
The parts to be machined need to be machined, preferably: single-or multi-head external thread feature parts such as planetary screw rod, rolling rod, plug gauge, screw and the like, and single-or multi-head internal thread feature parts such as planetary screw rod nut, ring gauge, nut and the like.
The internal and external thread grinding machine with the grinding wheel capable of in-situ shaping is adopted for processing the part to be processed, and the preferable control mode is as follows:
(1) When an external thread part is machined, a workpiece headstock 4 and a tailstock 7 are required to be arranged on a grinding machine workbench 3, a grinding wheel headstock 6 is required to be arranged on an A-axis rotary table 10, a swinging angle trimmer 8 is arranged on the side surface of the workpiece headstock 4, a center and a shifting fork are arranged on the workpiece headstock, a workpiece is held by the workpiece headstock and the center on the tailstock, and the workpiece headstock drives the shifting fork to rotate so as to drive the workpiece to rotate; when an internal thread part is machined, a workpiece headstock 4 needs to be configured and installed on a grinding machine workbench 3, an internal grinding head assembly 12 needs to be installed on an A-axis rotary table 10, a swinging angle trimmer 8 is installed on the side face of the workpiece headstock 4, a chuck is installed on the workpiece headstock, a workpiece is clamped through the chuck on the workpiece headstock, and the chuck drives the workpiece to rotate;
(2) Before processing the screw thread of a part, carrying out profile trimming on a large grinding wheel on a grinding wheel head frame 6 or a small grinding wheel on an inner grinding head assembly 12, swinging the grinding wheel head frame 6 or the inner grinding head assembly 12 to an angle consistent with the lead angle of the screw thread of a workpiece, swinging an angle trimmer 8 to a certain angle to enable the axis of a diamond disc wheel to be parallel to the axis of the grinding wheel, starting a driving motor of the diamond disc wheel and the grinding wheel to enable the diamond disc wheel and the grinding wheel to rotate, keeping a certain rotation speed ratio (preferably 0.6-1.2), driving a screw rod assembly to respectively drive a workbench to carry out Z-direction movement and the grinding wheel head frame 6 to carry out X-direction movement to enable the diamond disc wheel to be in contact with the grinding wheel, and enabling the diamond disc wheel to be trimmed with the grinding wheel according to the required tooth profile shape through linkage of Z-direction and X-direction movement;
(3) After finishing the grinding wheel shaping, the grinding wheel is driven to move to a certain distance from the workpiece through movement in the Z-axis and X-axis directions, a driving motor of a workpiece headstock and the grinding wheel is started to enable the workpiece and the grinding wheel to keep a certain rotation speed, and the grinding wheel is driven to move relative to the workpiece according to a certain speed ratio by utilizing linkage of the Z-axis and the C-axis, so that thread grinding is realized.
The invention solves the problems of precision and rigidity introduced by the grinding wheel trimming and the back and forth swinging in the thread grinding during the thread processing, when the grinding wheel is at a working angle, the trimmer can adjust the axis of the diamond disc wheel to be parallel to the axis of the grinding wheel, and when the grinding wheel is trimmed, the movement of a grinding wheel head frame is omitted, thereby shortening the trimming time; the trimmer arranged on the grinding machine has the advantages that the trimming of the large grinding wheel for external threads and the small grinding wheel for internal threads is considered, the trimmer has the degree of freedom of rotation, CNC trimming can be realized by means of two-axis interpolation of the grinding wheel feeding servo shaft and the workbench servo shaft, and the equipment cost of the traditional internal and external thread grinding machine provided with two trimming devices is reduced;
The grinding machine can be conveniently switched to realize internal and external thread machining, is suitable for grinding the planetary roller screw nuts, rollers and screw threads, and can finish the planetary roller screw nuts, rollers and screw threads with different specifications through one piece of equipment; the planetary roller screw is used as the transmission screw, so that the feeding direction rigidity is high, the feeding resolution is high, the dynamic rigidity of the grinding machine is improved, and the thread machining precision can be effectively improved.
Claims (8)
1. An internal and external thread grinder with a grinding wheel capable of being shaped in situ, which is characterized by comprising: the machine tool comprises a machine body (1), a Z-axis driving screw rod assembly (2), a workbench (3), a workpiece headstock (4), a swinging angle trimmer (8), an X-axis driving screw rod assembly (9), an A-axis rotary table (10) and a rotary table base (11); the grinding wheel head frame (6) or the inner grinding head assembly (12) is also included; also optionally include: a tailstock (7);
the motion direction of the workbench (3) relative to the lathe bed (1) is set as a Z-axis direction; the workbench (3) linearly reciprocates along the Z-axis direction;
Defining that an X axis is perpendicular to a Z axis, and linearly and reciprocally moving the turntable base (11) along the X axis direction;
The workbench (3) and the turntable base (11) are arranged on the lathe bed (1), the workpiece headstock (4) and the tailstock (7) are arranged on the workbench (3), a rotating shaft C, namely a C shaft, is arranged on the workpiece headstock (4), a chuck or a center can be mounted, and when the tailstock (7) is arranged, the tailstock and the workpiece headstock (4) are matched to realize the supporting of a workpiece; the A-axis rotary table (10) is arranged on the turntable base (11), the A-axis rotary table (10) can rotate on the turntable base (11), a rotating shaft is defined as an A axis, the rotating shaft rotates around the X axis direction, and the grinding wheel headstock (6) or the inner grinding head assembly (12) can be fixedly connected with one side of the A-axis rotary table (10) opposite to the workbench (3) through bolts; the grinding wheel head frame (6) can be provided with a large-diameter grinding wheel, the inner grinding head assembly (12) can be provided with a small-diameter grinding wheel, and the angle adjustment of the large-diameter grinding wheel or the small-diameter grinding wheel is realized through the rotating shaft A; the Z-axis driving screw rod assembly (2) is arranged between the workbench (3) and the lathe bed (1) and can drive the workbench (3) to linearly reciprocate along the Z-axis direction;
The X-axis driving screw rod assembly (9) is arranged between the turntable base (11) and the lathe bed (1) and can drive the turntable base (11) to linearly reciprocate along the X-axis direction;
The swingable angle trimmer (8) consists of a roller rotating mechanism (81), a swinging angle guiding mechanism (82) and an angle driving mechanism (83);
The swing angle guide mechanism (82) and the angle driving mechanism (83) are arranged on the side surface of the workpiece headstock (4);
the roller rotating mechanism (81) is arranged on the swing angle guiding mechanism (82);
the angle driving mechanism (83) can drive the swing angle guiding mechanism (82) to rotate;
The roller rotating mechanism (81) comprises a roller driving motor (24), a second coupler (25), a third locknut (26), a roller shaft supporting bearing (27), a mechanical sealing assembly (28), a roller main shaft (29) and a diamond disc wheel (30);
The roller driving motor (24) is fixed on the frame of the swing angle slide plate (23);
The roller main shaft (29) is arranged in a bracket hole of the swing angle slide plate (23) through a roller shaft supporting bearing (27), and the roller main shaft (29) is axially fixed in the bracket hole through a third locknut (26); one end of the roller main shaft (29) is fixedly connected with the roller driving motor (24) through a second coupler (25);
The mechanical seal assembly (28) is sleeved on the roller main shaft (29), one side of the mechanical seal assembly (28) is contacted with the end face of the orifice of the bracket hole of the swing angle slide plate (23) far away from one side of the guide slide pin (21), and the other side of the mechanical seal assembly is contacted with the bracket end cover (34) sleeved on the roller main shaft (29), so that the sealing protection of the roller shaft supporting bearing (27) is realized; the diamond disc wheel (30) is fixed at the other end of the roller main shaft (29) through a nut, and the diamond disc wheel (30) is used for trimming a large-diameter grinding wheel arranged on the grinding wheel head frame (6) or a small-diameter grinding wheel arranged on the inner grinding head assembly (12);
The Z-axis and X-axis drive screw assemblies respectively drive the workbench to move in the Z direction and the grinding wheel head frame (6) to move in the X direction, so that the diamond disc wheel (30) is contacted with the grinding wheel, the diamond disc wheel (30) and the grinding wheel are trimmed according to the required tooth profile shape through the linkage of the Z-axis and the X-axis movement, and in the grinding wheel trimming process, the contact points of the diamond disc wheel (30) and the grinding wheel are distributed in a three-dimensional space;
Swing angle guide mechanism (82), comprising: a swing angle slide plate (23), a guide slide pin (21), a headstock side slide plate (22), a slide plate centering pin shaft (31) and a slewing bearing (32);
The edge of one end of the swing angle sliding plate (23) is provided with a sector gear (231), a sliding pin guide groove (232) is arranged beside the sector gear (231), the other end of the swing angle sliding plate (23) is provided with a bearing hole, and a rotary bearing (32) is fixed; a concave arc-shaped groove corresponding to the dovetail sliding rail is formed in one side, facing the dovetail sliding rail, of the swing angle sliding plate (23), and the concave arc-shaped groove is matched with the dovetail sliding rail to enable the swing angle sliding plate (23) to rotate around the sliding plate centering pin shaft (31); the swing angle slide plate (23) is also provided with a bracket hole which is used as a frame for fixing the roller rotating mechanism (81);
The headstock side sliding plate (22) is provided with a pin hole, a pin shaft hole and a circular arc dovetail sliding rail; the pin hole is positioned at one end of the headstock side sliding plate (22), the pin shaft is positioned at the other end of the headstock side sliding plate (22), and the arc-shaped dovetail sliding rail is positioned in the middle of the headstock side sliding plate (22); the pin holes can be matched with the guide sliding pins (21),
Wherein the rotary bearing (32) is sleeved on the slide centering pin shaft (31), and the centering pin shaft (31) is pressed in a pin shaft hole on the headstock side slide plate (22); the guide sliding pin (21) is pressed into a pin hole on the headstock side sliding plate (22), and the guide sliding pin (21) is matched with a sliding pin guide groove (232) on the swing angle sliding plate (23) to realize the rotary guide of the swing angle sliding plate (23); the axis of the slide centering pin shaft (31) is perpendicularly intersected with the rotation axis of the diamond disc wheel (30) in the roller rotating mechanism (81) and passes through the central symmetry plane of the diamond disc wheel (30).
2. The grinding wheel in-situ-modifiable internal and external thread grinding machine as defined in claim 1, wherein: the lathe bed (1) is T-shaped and comprises a transverse part and a vertical part; the Z-axis driving screw rod assembly (2) is arranged at the transverse part of the lathe bed (1), and the workbench (3) is arranged on the lathe bed (1) through the Z-axis driving screw rod assembly (2); the X-axis driving screw rod assembly (9) is arranged at the vertical part of the lathe bed (1); the turntable base (11) is arranged on the lathe bed (1) through an X-axis driving screw rod assembly (9).
3. The grinding wheel in-situ-modifiable internal and external thread grinding machine as defined in claim 1, wherein: the grinding wheel head frame (6) can be provided with a large-diameter grinding wheel with the diameter of more than 350 mm; the inner grinding head assembly (12) can be provided with a small-diameter grinding wheel, and the diameter of the inner grinding head assembly is below 45 mm.
4. The grinding wheel in-situ-modifiable internal and external thread grinding machine as defined in claim 1, wherein: the swingable angle trimmer (8) is fixed on the side surface of the workpiece headstock (4) and can generate a swinging angle.
5. The grinding wheel in-situ-modifiable internal and external thread grinding machine as defined in claim 1, wherein: the swing angle guide mechanism (82) is arranged on the inner side of the workpiece headstock (4), namely, on the side close to the turntable base (11), and the angle driving mechanism (83) is arranged on the left side of the workpiece headstock (4), namely, on the end far away from the tailstock (7).
6. The grinding wheel in-situ-modifiable internal and external thread grinding machine as defined in claim 1, wherein: the sliding pin guide groove (232) is arc-shaped, and the center of the sliding pin guide groove (232) is positioned at the center of the bearing hole; the headstock side sliding plate (22) is a rectangular flat plate with thickness, the circle center of the circular arc dovetail sliding rail is the center of the pin shaft hole, and the pin hole on the headstock side sliding plate (22) and the axis of the pin shaft hole are positioned on the same horizontal plane.
7. The grinding wheel in-situ-modifiable internal and external thread grinding machine as defined in claim 1, wherein: mechanical seal assembly (28), adopt labyrinth seal mode, including fixed sealing ring (282) and rotatory sealing ring (281), be equipped with the shaft shoulder on gyro wheel main shaft (29), fixed sealing ring (282) one end is fixed and is kept away from the drill way terminal surface of direction slide (21) one side at the support hole of pivot angle slide (23), the inboard cover of rotatory sealing ring (281) is on gyro wheel main shaft (29), one end leans on the shaft shoulder of gyro wheel main shaft (29), the other end and gyro wheel axle supporting bearing (27) contact.
8. The grinding wheel in-situ-modifiable internal and external thread grinding machine as defined in claim 1, wherein: the angle driving mechanism (83) can also be directly used for manually driving the gear shaft (17) to rotate through the additional installation of the handle without being connected with the swing angle motor (13).
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| CN202010879149.7A CN112059327B (en) | 2020-08-27 | 2020-08-27 | Internal and external thread grinder with grinding wheel capable of being shaped in situ |
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| CN202010879149.7A CN112059327B (en) | 2020-08-27 | 2020-08-27 | Internal and external thread grinder with grinding wheel capable of being shaped in situ |
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| CN112497071A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-03-16 | 无锡七机机床有限公司 | Numerical control grinding wheel dressing device |
| CN113245916B (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2023-07-18 | 桐乡市三精自动化科技有限公司 | A little emery wheel part for root canal file spiral cutting edge processing |
| CN113211198B (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2023-01-10 | 桐乡市三精自动化科技有限公司 | Root canal file grinding machine |
| CN116652304B (en) * | 2023-07-27 | 2023-09-26 | 朔州金华实业有限公司 | Pipe fitting thread repairing device and using method |
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