CN112028051A - Method for producing biochar by using garden waste - Google Patents
Method for producing biochar by using garden waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN112028051A CN112028051A CN202010988698.8A CN202010988698A CN112028051A CN 112028051 A CN112028051 A CN 112028051A CN 202010988698 A CN202010988698 A CN 202010988698A CN 112028051 A CN112028051 A CN 112028051A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing biochar by using garden waste, which comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing garden waste and biogas anaerobic fermentation liquor, adjusting pH, carrying out anaerobic fermentation, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a first solid and a liquid, mixing the first solid and deionized water, carrying out hydrothermal carbonization, cooling to room temperature, carrying out solid-liquid separation, washing, and drying to obtain biochar. According to the invention, the biochar is prepared by taking garden waste as a raw material, anaerobic fermentation is carried out, the composition proportion of the biomass lignocellulose can be effectively improved, the embedded structure in the biomass is broken, the mass and heat transfer process in the carbon preparation process is strengthened, the lignin component is enriched, and the yield and the specific surface area of the biochar in the subsequent hydrothermal carbonization process are improved. The invention has low energy consumption, the heat treatment energy of the hydrothermal carbonization only corresponds to the nondegradable digestate components after anaerobic fermentation, and the energy of the biodegradable part is saved. Meanwhile, the particle agglomeration phenomenon caused by higher pyrolysis carbonization temperature is avoided. The method of the invention does not need a catalyst and a detoxification treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of resource energy utilization of biomass, and particularly relates to a method for producing biochar by using garden waste.
Background
The garden waste mainly refers to dead branches, fallen leaves, grass scraps, flowers and ranches, tree and shrub pruning and other plant residues generated by natural withering or artificial pruning of garden plants, is a potential underutilized renewable biomass raw material, and gradually increases the urban green amount along with the acceleration of the urbanization process, so that the problem of consumption of greening waste is highlighted. According to conservative statistics, garden waste generated every year in China is more than 3000 million tons, and with the improvement of environmental protection requirements in China, the development of a novel efficient garden waste resource utilization technology is particularly urgent, and the requirements of China in the fields of energy development and environmental protection are met.
The garden waste is high in lignin and cellulose content, is a good raw material for preparing the biochar, can be effectively recycled through pyrolysis and carbonization, but has the technical bottleneck of low carbon conversion efficiency and specific surface area at present, and the application of the biochar in the aspects of environment and the like is limited. At present, chemical activation methods (acid, alkali and organic solvent) and physical methods (crushing and roasting) are often adopted to increase the specific surface area and yield of the biochar so as to improve the performance of the biochar. But still has the problems of complex operation, higher cost, difficult recovery of chemical reagents, detoxification, secondary pollution generation and the like, and the effect is still not ideal.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of small specific surface area, low yield, need of introducing other chemical agents such as catalysts and the like in the prior art and provide a method for producing biochar by using garden waste, which has the advantages of low cost, simple operation, environmental friendliness, high specific surface area and high yield.
The technical scheme of the invention is summarized as follows:
the method for producing biochar by using garden waste comprises the following steps:
according to the mass ratio of 1: (13-15) uniformly mixing garden waste with the water content of 2% -10% and the length of 1-4 cm with biogas anaerobic fermentation liquor, adjusting the pH to 7.0-7.5, and placing the mixture in an anaerobic fermentation reactor for anaerobic fermentation to obtain a fermentation product; performing solid-liquid separation to obtain a first solid and a liquid, wherein the mass ratio of the first solid to the liquid is 1: (9-12), mixing the first solid with deionized water, putting the mixture into a hydrothermal reaction kettle for hydrothermal carbonization, cooling to room temperature, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a second solid, washing the second solid with water, and drying to obtain the biochar.
The total solid content of the biogas anaerobic fermentation liquid is 2-3%, the pH value is 7.5-7.8, and the biogas anaerobic fermentation liquid is prepared from cow dung biogas anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry.
The anaerobic fermentation comprises the following steps: 37-38 ℃; stirring once every 8-10 h, stirring for 15-20 min every time, and carrying out anaerobic fermentation for 10-30 days.
The number of days of fermentation is preferably 20 days.
The step of hydrothermal carbonization is preferably as follows: heating to 190-270 ℃ at a stirring speed of 100-120 rpm and a heating rate of 10-20 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature at 0.5-3.5 MPa for 1-1.5 h.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) the biochar is prepared by taking garden waste as a raw material, so that the waste is effectively recycled.
(2) The raw materials are treated by anaerobic fermentation, so that the composition proportion of the biomass lignocellulose can be effectively improved, the embedded structure in the biomass can be broken, the mass and heat transfer process in the charcoal making process is strengthened, the lignin component is enriched, and the yield and the specific surface area of the biochar can be improved in the subsequent hydrothermal carbonization process.
(3) Has the advantages of mild conditions, no need of drying treatment of raw materials, low energy consumption and the like. The heat treatment energy of the hydrothermal carbonization only corresponds to the nondegradable digest component after anaerobic fermentation, so that the energy of the biodegradable part is saved. Meanwhile, the particle agglomeration phenomenon caused by higher pyrolysis carbonization temperature is avoided.
(4) The method does not need a catalyst and detoxification treatment, and is a treatment method with low cost, low energy consumption, simple operation and environmental protection.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
The method for producing biochar by using garden waste comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing 15g of naturally dried garden waste phoenix tree fallen leaves with the water content of 2% and the length of 1-4 cm with 225g of biogas anaerobic fermentation liquor, adjusting the pH to 7.2, placing the mixture in an anaerobic fermentation reactor, introducing nitrogen for 10min, discharging air, and keeping the temperature at 37 ℃; stirring once every 9h, stirring for 18min every time, and performing anaerobic fermentation for 10 days to obtain a fermentation product; and (3) performing solid-liquid separation to obtain a first solid and a liquid, mixing 10g of the dried first solid with 90g of deionized water, putting the mixture into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, performing hydrothermal carbonization at a stirring speed of 120rpm, a heating rate of 14 ℃/min, a temperature of 190 ℃, a pressure of 0.5MPa and a retention time of 1.5h, introducing circulating water to cool the mixture to room temperature, performing solid-liquid separation to obtain a second solid, washing the second solid with deionized water to be neutral, and drying the second solid at 105 ℃ for 12h to obtain the biochar.
The total solid content of the biogas anaerobic fermentation liquid is 2.5%, the pH value is 7.6, and the biogas anaerobic fermentation liquid is prepared from cow dung biogas anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry.
The yield was 77%, the specific surface area was 14.87m2(ii) in terms of/g. Relative to the non-anaerobic fermentation treatment, the yield of the biochar is 59.3 percent, and the specific surface area is 10.96m2The yield and the specific surface area are respectively improved by 29.8 percent and 35.7 percent.
Example 2
The method for producing biochar by using garden waste comprises the following steps:
mixing 15g of naturally dried garden waste willow fallen leaves with the water content of 10% and the length of 1-4 cm and 195g of biogas anaerobic fermentation liquor uniformly, adjusting the pH to 7.0, placing the mixture in an anaerobic fermentation reactor, introducing nitrogen for 10min, discharging air, and keeping the temperature at 37.5 ℃; stirring once every 8h, stirring for 15min every time, and performing anaerobic fermentation for 20 days to obtain a fermentation product; and (3) performing solid-liquid separation to obtain a first solid and a liquid, mixing 10g of the dried first solid with 100g of deionized water, putting the mixture into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, performing hydrothermal carbonization at a stirring speed of 100rpm, a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, a temperature of 230 ℃, a pressure of 2.5MPa and a retention time of 1h, introducing circulating water to cool the mixture to room temperature, performing solid-liquid separation to obtain a second solid, washing the second solid with deionized water to be neutral, and drying the second solid at 105 ℃ for 12h to obtain the biochar.
The total solid content of the biogas anaerobic fermentation liquid is 2 percent, the pH value is 7.5, and the biogas anaerobic fermentation liquid is prepared from cow dung biogas anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry.
The yield thereof was 62.6%, and the specific surface area thereof was 33.62m 2/g. Compared with the non-anaerobic fermentation treatment, the yield of the biochar is 53.45%, the specific surface area is 12.21m2/g, and the yield and the specific surface area are respectively improved by 17.1% and 175.7%.
Example 3
The method for producing biochar by using garden waste comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing 15g of naturally dried garden waste poplar leaves with the water content of 5% and the length of 1-4 cm with 210g of biogas anaerobic fermentation liquor, adjusting the pH to 7.5, placing the mixture in an anaerobic fermentation reactor, introducing nitrogen for 10min, discharging air, and keeping the temperature at 38 ℃; stirring once every 10h, stirring for 20min every time, and performing anaerobic fermentation for 30 days to obtain a fermentation product; and (3) performing solid-liquid separation to obtain a first solid and a liquid, mixing 10g of the dried first solid with 120g of deionized water, putting the mixture into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, performing hydrothermal carbonization at a stirring speed of 110rpm, a heating rate of 20 ℃/min, a temperature of 270 ℃, a pressure of 3.5MPa and a retention time of 1h, introducing circulating water to cool the mixture to room temperature, performing solid-liquid separation to obtain a second solid, washing the second solid with deionized water to be neutral, and drying the second solid at 105 ℃ for 12h to obtain the biochar.
The total solid content of the biogas anaerobic fermentation liquid is 3 percent, the pH value is 7.8, and the biogas anaerobic fermentation liquid is prepared from cow dung biogas anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry.
The yield thereof was 43.4%, and the specific surface area thereof was 44.89m 2/g. Compared with the non-anaerobic fermentation treatment, the yield of the biochar is 40.9%, the specific surface area is 15.15m2/g, and the yield and the specific surface area are respectively improved by 6.1% and 196.3%.
Claims (5)
1. The method for producing biochar by using garden waste is characterized by comprising the following steps:
according to the mass ratio of 1: (13-15) uniformly mixing garden waste with the water content of 2% -10% and the length of 1-4 cm with biogas anaerobic fermentation liquor, adjusting the pH to 7.0-7.5, and placing the mixture in an anaerobic fermentation reactor for anaerobic fermentation to obtain a fermentation product; performing solid-liquid separation to obtain a first solid and a liquid, wherein the mass ratio of the first solid to the liquid is 1: (9-12), mixing the first solid with deionized water, putting the mixture into a hydrothermal reaction kettle for hydrothermal carbonization, cooling to room temperature, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a second solid, washing the second solid with water, and drying to obtain the biochar.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the biogas anaerobic fermentation liquid has a total solid content of 2-3% and a pH of 7.5-7.8, and is derived from cow dung biogas anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry.
3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the step of anaerobic fermentation is: 37-38 ℃; stirring once every 8-10 h, stirring for 15-20 min every time, and carrying out anaerobic fermentation for 10-30 days.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the number of fermentation days is 20 days.
5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the step of hydrothermal carbonization is: heating to 190-270 ℃ at a stirring speed of 100-120 rpm and a heating rate of 10-20 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature at 0.5-3.5 MPa for 1-1.5 h.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113231031A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-08-10 | 东北农业大学 | Method for preparing high-adsorption-performance biochar from urban garden waste, product and application thereof |
| CN114505055A (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-05-17 | 河南城建学院 | Sludge-based biochar, preparation method and application thereof in aspect of carbon dioxide adsorption |
| CN115583774A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2023-01-10 | 湖南平安环保股份有限公司 | Regulation and control method for preparing carbon by sludge pyrolysis |
| CN116622482A (en) * | 2023-04-21 | 2023-08-22 | 中国联合工程有限公司 | Agriculture and forestry waste cooperative resource utilization system and working method thereof |
| CN118580875A (en) * | 2024-05-24 | 2024-09-03 | 天津大学 | Method for preparing biochar by anaerobic fermentation coupled with hydrothermal carbonization |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113231031A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-08-10 | 东北农业大学 | Method for preparing high-adsorption-performance biochar from urban garden waste, product and application thereof |
| CN114505055A (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-05-17 | 河南城建学院 | Sludge-based biochar, preparation method and application thereof in aspect of carbon dioxide adsorption |
| CN114505055B (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2024-03-08 | 河南城建学院 | Sludge-based biochar, preparation method and application thereof in carbon dioxide adsorption |
| CN115583774A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2023-01-10 | 湖南平安环保股份有限公司 | Regulation and control method for preparing carbon by sludge pyrolysis |
| CN116622482A (en) * | 2023-04-21 | 2023-08-22 | 中国联合工程有限公司 | Agriculture and forestry waste cooperative resource utilization system and working method thereof |
| CN118580875A (en) * | 2024-05-24 | 2024-09-03 | 天津大学 | Method for preparing biochar by anaerobic fermentation coupled with hydrothermal carbonization |
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