CN111944989B - Method for rapidly selecting area laser reinforcement - Google Patents
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- CN111944989B CN111944989B CN202010923844.9A CN202010923844A CN111944989B CN 111944989 B CN111944989 B CN 111944989B CN 202010923844 A CN202010923844 A CN 202010923844A CN 111944989 B CN111944989 B CN 111944989B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 title description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002174 soft lithography Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 polydimethylsiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003058 plasma substitute Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D10/00—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation
- C21D10/005—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation by laser shock processing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及激光材料改性的技术领域，具体涉及一种快速选择区域激光强化的方法，包括以下步骤：(1)对透明聚合物的表面进行微米和纳米结构的制造；(2)在聚合物表面的微米和纳米结构涂覆黑色的吸收层；(3)刮除聚合物表面多余的吸收层，使吸收层物质仅位于微米和纳米结构的凹槽内；(4)将步骤(3)得到的聚合物扣置在金属或金属复合材料的表面进行激光冲击强化。通过本发明的快速选择区域激光强化的方法强化工件，可以对金属或金属复合材料表面进行选区强化，通过三维梯度微结构效应同时提高金属或金属复合材料的强度和延展性，并能增强材料疲劳性能和断裂韧性。
The invention relates to the technical field of laser material modification, in particular to a method for rapid selective area laser strengthening, comprising the following steps: (1) manufacturing the surface of a transparent polymer with micron and nanostructures; (2) in the polymer The micro- and nano-structures on the surface are coated with a black absorbing layer; (3) scraping off the excess absorbing layer on the surface of the polymer, so that the absorbing layer substances are only located in the grooves of the micro- and nano-structures; (4) obtaining step (3) The polymer is buckled on the surface of metal or metal composite material for laser shock strengthening. By strengthening the workpiece by the method of rapid selective area laser strengthening of the present invention, the surface of the metal or metal composite material can be selectively strengthened, the strength and ductility of the metal or metal composite material can be simultaneously improved through the three-dimensional gradient microstructure effect, and the fatigue of the material can be enhanced. properties and fracture toughness.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser material modification, in particular to a method for rapidly selecting area laser reinforcement.
Background
Strength and toughness are two important properties for metal or metal composite applications, however, high strength materials tend to have poor ductility, while good toughness materials tend to have low strength, making it difficult to achieve both high strength and high toughness.
The existing strengthening methods for the workpiece, such as surface mechanical friction treatment, surface mechanical grinding treatment and the like, can remarkably improve the strength of the workpiece. It has been found through search that the prior US patent "Laser shock peening applications and methods" of patent application No. US20130180969a1 suggests the use of increasing or decreasing material temperature or the addition of active materials that interact with the energy field to enhance the Laser shock peening effect. The method has the defects that the ductility of the material is obviously reduced while the strength is improved by integrally processing the surface of the material, namely the surface of the processed material is easy to generate brittle cracks, and the method is not beneficial to the engineering application of workpieces. The present chinese patent application No. 201010278889.1, entitled apparatus and method for laser peening of hard and brittle materials, proposes a method for laser peening of brittle materials with high power continuous laser. Although the method can treat brittle and hard materials, the surface hardness of the treated materials is further improved, the ductility is further reduced, and sudden fracture and failure of the bearing member are easily caused. Therefore, the apparatus and method proposed in the prior patent are not suitable for laser peening fabrication that simultaneously improves the hardness and ductility of the material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for rapidly selecting area laser strengthening, which can simultaneously increase the strength and the ductility of a metal or a metal composite material through a three-dimensional gradient microstructure effect and can enhance the fatigue property and the fracture toughness of the material.
The scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the purpose is as follows: a method of rapid selective area laser peening comprising the steps of:
(1) manufacturing micro and nano structures on the surface of the transparent polymer;
(2) coating a black absorbing layer on the micro-and nano-structures on the surface of the polymer;
(3) scraping the redundant absorbing layer on the surface of the polymer to ensure that the absorbing layer material is only positioned in the grooves of the micro-structure and the nano-structure;
(4) and (4) buckling the polymer obtained in the step (3) on the surface of the metal or metal composite material for laser shock strengthening.
Preferably, in the step (1), the micro-and nano-structures are fabricated on the surface of the transparent polymer by using any one of a soft lithography technique, a nano-imprinting technique, and a femtosecond laser technique.
Preferably, in the step (1), the transparent polymer is any one of polydimethylsiloxane, epoxy SU-8 resin and polymethyl methacrylate.
Preferably, in the step (2), the thickness of the absorption layer is 100nm-10 μm.
Preferably, in the step (2), the absorption layer is graphite or paint.
Preferably, in the step (4), the laser shock peening adopts a nanosecond laser, the laser pulse width is less than 1 microsecond, and the single pulse energy is higher than 10 mJ.
Preferably, in the step (4), the transparent solid or transparent liquid is pressed on the surface of the transparent polymer to serve as an impact restraint layer.
Preferably, the transparent solid is BK-7 glass or quartz glass with high impact resistance, and the transparent liquid is water or silicone oil.
The strengthening mechanism of the invention is as follows: the pulse laser ablates a graphite array filled in a groove of a micro or nano structure to generate plasma, the plasma expansion is restricted by an upper transparent polymer and an impact restriction layer to generate high-strength stress waves of a plurality of areas, so that a surface grain refinement and surface compression stress layer is generated in a surface selection area of the metal or metal composite material, gradient transition is generated between an amorphous phase of an impact reinforcement area and a crystalline phase of the non-reinforcement area, and therefore three-dimensional gradient microstructure distribution is generated, the effect of simultaneously enhancing the strength and the ductility of the material is achieved, and the fatigue performance and the fracture toughness of the material can be enhanced.
The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: the workpiece is strengthened by the rapid selective area laser strengthening method, selective area strengthening can be performed on the surface of the metal or metal composite material, the strength and the ductility of the metal or metal composite material are improved simultaneously through the three-dimensional gradient microstructure effect, and the fatigue performance and the fracture toughness of the material can be enhanced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the strengthening effect of the three-dimensional gradient microstructure according to the present invention.
In the figure, 101-transparent polymer, 102-absorbing layer, 103-metal or metal composite to be treated, 104-high impact resistant BK-7 glass, 105-pulsed laser, 106-stress wave, 107-impact strengthened amorphous region.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to further illustrate the present invention for better understanding, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a schematic process diagram of a rapid selective area laser strengthening method is shown, in which a rapid selective area laser strengthening treatment is performed on a pure copper plate: manufacturing a micro-nano structure on the surface of a Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) transparent polymer 101 by using a soft lithography technology or a nanoimprint technology; spraying 4-micrometer graphite 102 on the surface of the PDMS with the micro-nano structured surface; removing the redundant graphite coating by using a doctor blade; the PDMS with the grooves filled with graphite is reversely buckled on the surface of a metal or metal composite material 103 to be processed after the surface is polished, the surface is pressed by BK-7 glass 104 with high impact resistance, and then high-energy nanosecond laser 105 is irradiated to generate a plurality of high-pressure stress waves 106 in the material to carry out rapid selective area laser strengthening processing.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the strengthening effect of a three-dimensional gradient microstructure by a rapid selective area laser strengthening method. The strengthening mechanism of the invention is as follows: the pulse laser 105 ablates a graphite array filled in the groove to generate plasma, the expansion of the plasma is restricted by the upper transparent polymer 101 and the BK-7 glass 104 to generate high-strength stress waves 106 in a plurality of areas, so that surface grain refinement and surface compression stress layers are generated in selected areas of the surface of the workpiece, gradient transition is generated between an amorphous phase in an impact strengthening area and a crystalline phase in the non-strengthening area, three-dimensional gradient microstructure distribution is generated, the effect of simultaneously strengthening the strength and ductility of the material is achieved, and the fatigue performance and the fracture toughness of the material can be further enhanced.
The same technical effect can be achieved by replacing the BK-7 glass in example 1 with a flowing transparent liquid such as water or the like.
Example 2
Similar to fig. 1, the steel plate material is subjected to rapid selective area laser strengthening treatment: manufacturing a micro-nano structure on the surface of epoxy SU-8 resin or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) by using a femtosecond laser or soft lithography method; coating 10 micron graphite on SU-8 or PMMA with a micro-nano structured surface; removing the redundant graphite coating by using a doctor blade; SU-8 or PMMA with the groove filled with graphite is reversely buckled on the surface of a workpiece to be processed after the surface is polished, the workpiece is pressed by BK-7 glass with high impact resistance, and then high-energy nanosecond laser is irradiated to generate a plurality of high-pressure stress waves in the material to perform rapid selective area laser strengthening.
The reinforcing effect diagram of the three-dimensional gradient microstructure of the present embodiment is similar to that of fig. 2.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow.
Claims (7)
1. A method for rapid selective area laser peening, comprising the steps of:
(1) manufacturing micro and nano structures on the surface of the transparent polymer;
(2) coating a black absorbing layer on the micro-and nano-structures on the surface of the polymer;
(3) scraping the redundant absorbing layer on the surface of the polymer to ensure that the absorbing layer material is only positioned in the grooves of the micro-structure and the nano-structure;
(4) buckling the polymer obtained in the step (3) on the surface of a metal or metal composite material for laser shock strengthening;
in the step (4), a transparent solid or a transparent liquid is pressed on the surface of the transparent polymer to be used as an impact restraint layer.
2. The method of rapid selective area laser peening of claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the micro-and nano-structures are manufactured on the surface of the transparent polymer by using any one of a soft lithography technology, a nano-imprinting technology and a femtosecond laser technology.
3. The method of rapid selective area laser peening of claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the transparent polymer is any one of polydimethylsiloxane, epoxy SU-8 resin and polymethyl methacrylate.
4. The method of rapid selective area laser peening of claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the thickness of the absorption layer is 100nm-10 μm.
5. The method of rapid selective area laser peening of claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the absorption layer is graphite or paint.
6. The method of rapid selective area laser peening of claim 1, wherein: in the step (4), the laser shock peening adopts a nanosecond laser, the laser pulse width is less than 1 microsecond, and the single pulse energy is higher than 10 mJ.
7. The method of rapid selective area laser peening of claim 1, wherein: the transparent solid is BK-7 glass or quartz glass with high impact resistance, and the transparent liquid is water or silicone oil.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112981089B (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2022-04-15 | 武汉大学 | A kind of laser shock strengthening method and device assisted by multi-laser synergy |
| CN113088849B (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2022-08-05 | 武汉大学 | Composite strengthening method for synthesizing nano diamond by laser induction |
| CN113322374B (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2022-03-04 | 武汉大学 | Laser shock method based on suspension drop enhancement and application thereof |
| CN116640471B (en) * | 2023-06-15 | 2024-08-27 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Laser shock reinforced constraint layer material, preparation method and use method |
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| CN101254574A (en) * | 2008-01-07 | 2008-09-03 | 江苏大学 | Method for impacting micro-plasticity forming with strong laser and device thereof |
| CN102626828A (en) * | 2012-04-26 | 2012-08-08 | 江苏大学 | Method and device for producing micro micro pits with high efficiency based on laser shock waves |
| EP2857138A1 (en) * | 2013-10-02 | 2015-04-08 | Laser-Laboratorium Göttingen E.V. | Overarched microstructure, method for its manufacture and its application |
| CN104846156A (en) * | 2015-04-17 | 2015-08-19 | 江苏大学 | Square light spot laser multilayer staggering impact uniform enhancement method |
| CN106480304A (en) * | 2017-01-03 | 2017-03-08 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of micro- stress peening method of micro- texture surface selective laser |
| CN107671601A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2018-02-09 | 江苏大学 | A kind of contact membranes carries the laser blast wave burnishing device of micro groove |
| CN110640323A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-01-03 | 山东大学 | Method for preparing surface micro-nano structure by laser shock technology and its application |
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- 2020-09-04 CN CN202010923844.9A patent/CN111944989B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
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| CN101254574A (en) * | 2008-01-07 | 2008-09-03 | 江苏大学 | Method for impacting micro-plasticity forming with strong laser and device thereof |
| CN102626828A (en) * | 2012-04-26 | 2012-08-08 | 江苏大学 | Method and device for producing micro micro pits with high efficiency based on laser shock waves |
| EP2857138A1 (en) * | 2013-10-02 | 2015-04-08 | Laser-Laboratorium Göttingen E.V. | Overarched microstructure, method for its manufacture and its application |
| CN104846156A (en) * | 2015-04-17 | 2015-08-19 | 江苏大学 | Square light spot laser multilayer staggering impact uniform enhancement method |
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