CN111919808A - Comprehensive fish and shrimp breeding purification system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a purification system for comprehensively cultivating fish and shrimp, which comprises a composite vertical underflow wetland for preliminary purification of water sources; a river channel is connected with the composite vertical underflow wetland through a water pipe to further purify water; the water purification pond and the outlet of the river channel The ends are separated by an overflow dam, which improves the water quality; the inlet end of the water storage pond and the outlet end of the water purification pond are separated by a submerged dam, and the outlet end of the water storage pond is separated from the composite vertical submerged wetland by an isolation device. After purification and monitoring, the water pump flows into the aquaculture pond; the green shrimp and channel catfish are mixed in the aquaculture pond, and the aquaculture wastewater in the aquaculture pond flows into the river channel through the drainage channel for purification, and the water quality in the river channel flows into the purified water pond and Circulation purification is realized in the water storage pond; the invention adopts a four-stage purified water treatment system, which can purify aquaculture wastewater before use, and achieve almost zero tail water discharge, thereby avoiding pollution to the surrounding water environment.

Description

Integrated purification system for fish and shrimp farming

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and in particular relates to a purification system for comprehensively cultivating fish and shrimp.

Background technique

The green shrimp scientific name Macrobrachium nipponense, commonly known as river shrimp, grass shrimp, lake shrimp, belongs to Crustacea and Macrobrachium, and is widely distributed in freshwater waters in my country. It has the advantages of high fecundity, strong adaptability, rich nutrition, delicious meat and can be marketed all year round. At present, due to the reduction of natural production and the low output of artificial breeding, the green shrimp on the market has never been able to meet the market demand.

The shrimp farming model in my country has gradually transitioned from the original extensive farming model to the intensive farming model. Compared with the traditional farming mode, intensive farming has the advantages of high yield per unit of water, short farming cycle and high labor efficiency. However, in this intensive and high-density shrimp farming, the amount of residual bait and excrement exceeds the natural decomposition ability of microorganisms in the culture pond, which often breaks the micro-ecological balance of the water body, leading to deterioration of water quality, serious pollution, and even large Mass deaths occur frequently. At present, the main means of prevention and control are to increase the use of fishery drugs and the amount of water exchange in aquaculture ponds. The former brings about the safety of aquaculture animal quality, which has attracted people's close attention, while the discharge of the latter's aquaculture tailwater has brought a lot to the ecological environment. adverse effects.

Channel catfish (Ietalurus punetaus) belongs to the order Catfish, and is native to the Americas. It is recognized as an excellent species for freshwater aquaculture in the world. Superior and other characteristics. Channel catfish can feed on formulated feeds in captivity, as well as natural food in the water, such as aquatic insects, phytoplankton, rotifers, organic detritus, and algae. At the same time, channel catfish can devour small trash fish and diseased shrimp, and can also clean up residual bait and algae in the pond. The surface of the fish can secrete certain substances, which can inhibit shrimp and crab viruses.

In the process of aquaculture, not only a large amount of toxic and harmful organic substances such as residual bait, excrement and biological corpses will accumulate in the water body, but also a large amount of toxic and harmful inorganic substances, such as ammonia nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, and nitrous acid, will accumulate. In view of the above reasons, it is necessary to regularly discharge tail water containing toxic and harmful substances in the process of shrimp pond culture, so as to ensure the healthy growth of the cultured objects. At present, in most cases, the tail water is simply discharged through the drainage ditch, which will cause greater pollution. There are also farms that use biological balls or filters to filter and treat the tail water, but this method can only filter out the tail water. The large particles of impurities in the water cannot achieve the purpose of removing pollution; a few farms will use equipment such as protein separators to purify the tail water. However, at present, the tail water is usually discharged directly after passing through several purification equipment in sequence. Going out, there will still be more toxic and harmful substances in the treated tail water, which will still cause greater pollution to the environment.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a purification system for comprehensively cultivating fish and shrimp.

In order to achieve the above object, the solution of the present invention is:

A purification system for integrated fish and shrimp culture, comprising a composite vertical subsurface wetland, a river channel, a water purification pond, a water storage pond and a culture pond;

Composite vertical subsurface wetland, which is used for preliminary purification of water source, improvement of water quality, and removal of microorganisms;

The river channel, which is connected to the composite vertical subsurface wetland through water pipes, further purifies the water quality through the purification and precipitation of aquatic animals and plants in the river;

The water purification pond, which is separated from the outlet end of the river by the overflow dam, improves the water quality through the purification of aquatic animals and plants, vegetables and Chinese herbal medicines;

The inlet end of the water storage pond is separated from the outlet end of the water purification pond by a submerged flow dam, and the outlet end of the water storage pond is separated from the composite vertical submerged wetland by an isolation device. After the final purification and monitoring of the water quality, the water pump flows into the aquaculture. in the pond

The breeding pond is separated from the water storage pond, the water purification pond and the river channel by the intake channel. The breeding pond is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the drainage channel. The canal flows into the river channel for purification, and the water quality in the river channel flows into the water purification pond and the water storage pond to realize circular purification.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the composite vertical subsurface wetland includes, from top to bottom, an adjustment tank, a primary sedimentation tank, a distribution channel, a descending underflow wetland, an ascending underflow wetland, a biological early warning tank, and a clear water tank connected by water pipes. Arranged side by side with the primary sedimentation tank, there are several distribution channels at the lower ends of the adjustment tank and the primary sedimentation tank, and there are downward subsurface flow wetlands and upward subsurface flow wetlands between the distribution channels. The bottom of the distribution channel is equipped with a biological early warning pool and a clear water pool. The top of the primary sedimentation tank is provided with a water inlet, and the bottom end of the side wall of the clear water tank is provided with a water outlet. After adjustment, the water quality is further purified through the downstream subsurface wetland and the upstream subsurface wetland connected by the distribution channel, and finally enters the biological early warning tank and the clear water tank to monitor and store the indicator microorganisms.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the descending underflow wetland includes aquatic plants, ecological fillers, anti-seepage layers and bases from top to bottom, and adjacent water distribution channels with the descending underflow wetland are connected by a collecting pipe, and the aquatic plants and ecological A water distribution pipe is arranged between the packings, and the water collecting pipe is located on the side of the aquatic plants and the ecological packing, and is located on the top of the anti-seepage layer.

The ascending subsurface wetland includes aquatic plants, ecological packing, anti-seepage layer and base from top to bottom. The adjacent water distribution channels with the ascending subsurface wetland are connected by water distribution pipes. The water distribution pipes are located at the bottom of the ecological packing and the top of the anti-seepage layer.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the river course includes a ditch and a slope protection, the slope protection is located on both sides of the river ditch, the slope protection is provided with "∩" type cement slope protection at intervals, and the coverage area of aquatic plants in the river ditch is 30-50% of the water surface , "∩" type cement slope protection planting wet plants, put silver carp and bighead carp and snail in the ditch, the water depth in the ditch is 1.5-2m, and the pH value is 7.2-8.5.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water purification pond includes an ecological floating bed and an oxygenation device. The oxygenation device is arranged at the bottom of the water purification pond to increase the oxygen content of the water body to maintain it at ≥ 6 mg/L. Silver carp and bighead carp and snails were placed in it, floating-leaf plants, emerging plants and submerged plants were planted, and water spinach and Houttuynia cordata were planted in the ecological floating bed. The water depth in the water purification pond was 1.5-2m, and the pH value was 7.2-8.5.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water storage pond includes a water storage pond and a water quality monitor, the water quality monitor is arranged at the bottom of the water storage pond, and floating leaf plants, emerging plants and submerged water plants are planted in the water storage pond. Silver carp and bighead carp and snails, the water depth in the reservoir is 2.5-2.8m, the transparency is 25-30cm, and the pH value is 7.2-8.5.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a real-time monitoring device is installed in the culture pond to monitor some basic indicators of water quality in real time, such as pH value, dissolved oxygen and temperature.

Owing to adopting the above-mentioned scheme, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

First, the present invention adopts a four-stage purified water treatment system including a composite vertical subsurface wetland, and at the same time cooperates with real-time monitoring equipment, makes full use of the remaining energy of the ecosystem, can purify the water for aquaculture before use, and comprehensively and rationally dispose of organic pollution sources. In this way, the aquaculture water is fully utilized to achieve almost zero tail water discharge, which avoids pollution to the surrounding water environment, saves water resources, and uses high-quality water to improve the quality and survival rate of green shrimp, which not only reduces the burden on the ecology, but also saves water resources. In addition, the system of the invention has the characteristics of reasonable structure, green environmental protection, high energy conversion rate and good benefit, etc., it is a benign fishery ecological environment, and reduces the ecological risk , improve the ecological efficiency, so as to achieve the coordination and unity of production and ecology.

Second, the present invention carries out ecological polyculture of green shrimp and channel catfish. Channel catfish can devour small trash fish and diseased shrimp, and can also clean up residual bait and algae in the pond. The surface of the fish can secrete certain substances, which can inhibit shrimp. Crab virus, so that fish and shrimp coexist harmoniously and organically, mutually beneficial symbiosis, improve the utilization rate of bait, reduce the incidence of aquaculture species, more fully utilize the organic matter in the water, increase the yield per unit area, increase efficiency, and reduce environmental pollution.

To sum up, the present invention firstly utilizes the multi-stage water purification and circulation system to recycle the water for aquaculture, which almost achieves zero discharge and avoids the impact of the aquaculture wastewater on the environment. Secondly, the multi-stage purification is equipped with additional online monitoring equipment to monitor the dissolved oxygen, CO ₂ , pH and other indicators in the water in real time, which ensures the water quality of aquaculture water and provides a suitable environment for shrimp and fish. Finally, channel catfish and green shrimp The polyculture also takes advantage of channel catfish to clean up the residual bait and diseased shrimp, and its secretions can inhibit some shrimp and crab viruses. With the combination of multiple advantages, it not only improves the survival rate of green shrimp, but also further improves the quality and output of green shrimp. On the one hand, the present invention saves water and reduces the cost of drug use; on the other hand, it improves the output and quality of green shrimp and obtains huge ecological benefits and increases income. Income from farming users.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a purification system for comprehensively farming fish and shrimp according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the primary purification sedimentation system of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the secondary purification system of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the three-stage purification system of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the four-stage purification water storage system of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an operation mode diagram of the Internet of Things system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals: 1-water pump, 2-distribution channel, 3-isolation device, 4-downward underflow wetland, 5-upward underflow wetland, 6-biological early warning pool, 7-clear water pool, 8-river channel, 9-overflow dam , 10-ecological floating bed, 11-purifying pond, 12-underflow dam, 13-reservoir, 14-regulation pond, 15-primary sedimentation pond, 16-culture pond, 17-drainage channel, 18-water quality monitor, 19-water pipe, 20-water source, 21-water inlet, 22-ecological packing, 23-water collection pipe, 24-base, 25-impermeable layer, 26-water outlet, 27-distribution pipe, 28-water inlet, 29- "∩" type cement slope protection, 30-he ditch, 31-aeration device, 32-composite vertical underflow wetland, 33-water storage pond.

Detailed ways

The invention provides a purification system for comprehensively cultivating fish and shrimp.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the water source 20 of the present invention is initially purified by the composite vertical subsurface wetland 32 (first-level purification sedimentation system), and secondly, it enters the river channel 8 (second-level purification system) through a water pipe and is surrounded by plants, plankton, microorganisms, Benthic organisms are purified, and then flow into the water purification pond 11 (three-level purification system) through the overflow dam 9, the pollutants are further absorbed and utilized by aquatic animals and plants, and the water body is filtered through the submerged flow dam 12 into the water storage pond 33 (four In the first-level purification water storage system), the water storage pond 33 plays the role of purifying water quality and monitoring water storage at the same time. The water treated by the four-stage purification is used as aquaculture water and flows into the water inlet channel 28 through the inlet pump 1, thereby flowing into the aquaculture pond 16, and the aquaculture wastewater in the aquaculture pond 16 is directly injected into the secondary purification system channel 8 through the drainage channel 17, and then flows into the aquaculture pond 16. It flows through the three-stage purification system and the four-stage purification water storage system in turn, and finally returns to the cultivation pond 16 to form a "zero" discharge circulating cultivation mode. Four-stage linkage is adopted to purify water quality and reduce pollution, so as to achieve both ecological and economic benefits.

Specifically, the purification system for comprehensive fish and shrimp culture of the present invention includes: a composite vertical underflow wetland 32, a river channel 8, a water purification pond 11, a water storage pond 33 and a culture pond 16; wherein, the composite vertical underflow wetland 32 is used for the water source 20 Carry out preliminary purification, improve water quality, and remove microorganisms; the river channel 8 is connected to the composite vertical underflow wetland 32 through water pipes, and the water quality is further purified through the purification and precipitation of aquatic animals and plants in the river; the outlet end of the water purification pond 11 and the river channel 8 passes through the overflow dam 9 separated, through the purification of aquatic animals and plants, vegetables and Chinese herbal medicines therein, the water purification is improved; the inlet end of the water storage pond 33 is separated from the outlet end of the water purification pond 11 by the submerged flow dam 12, and the outlet end of the water storage pond 33 passes through. The isolation device 3 is separated from the composite vertical subsurface wetland 32. After the final purification and monitoring of the water quality, the water pump 1 flows into the culture pond 16; 8 are separated from each other, and the cultivating ponds 16 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the drainage channel 17. In the culturing pond 16, blue prawns and channel catfish are mixed, and the culturing wastewater in the culturing pond 16 flows into the river channel 8 through the drainage channel 17 for purification. The obtained water quality flows into the water purification pond 11 and the water storage pond 33 to realize circulating purification.

The isolation device 3 mainly adopts a reinforced concrete short dam with a hard revetment, and is arranged between the composite vertical underflow wetland 32 and the water storage pond 33, and between the composite vertical underflow wetland 32 and the breeding pond 16, so as to play an isolation role, and the breeding pond 16 Between the river channel 8 and the river channel 8, the banks with slope protection on both sides of the river channel 8 are separated.

(1) Construction of a primary purification sedimentation system

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the water source 20 in the primary purification and sedimentation system will first flow through the first part of the conditioning tank 14 and the primary settling tank 15, and then flow into the second part of the downflow wetland 4. The downflow wetland 4 consists of aquatic plants, The water distribution pipe 27, the ecological filler 22, the water collection pipe 23, the anti-seepage layer 25 and the base 24 are composed, and then enter the third part of the upward underflow wetland 5, which is composed of aquatic plants, the water distribution pipe 27, the ecological filler 22, and the impermeable layer. 25 and the base 24, and finally enter the fourth part of the biological early warning tank 6 and the clear water tank 7, and the four parts are connected by the water distribution channel 2 and the water pipe 19. Among them, the composite vertical subsurface wetland 32 as the first-level organism can not only initially improve the water quality, but also have a better removal effect on indicator microorganisms and pathogenic microorganisms, reduce the incidence of shrimp and fish, and also have the effect of storing water and saving water. thereby reducing costs.

Specifically, the water source 20 first passes through the primary sedimentation tank 15 and the adjustment tank 14. The top of the primary sedimentation tank 15 is provided with a water inlet 21. The primary sedimentation tank 15 controls the water flow through preliminary physical precipitation of sediment, that is, through the opening and closing of the pipeline. It is allowed to settle naturally, and the adjustment tank 14 will preliminarily adjust the pH value of the water body. Afterwards, it enters the descending subsurface wetland 4 through the distribution channel 2. The downstream subsurface wetland 4 includes aquatic plants, ecological fillers 22, anti-seepage layers 25 and the base 24 from top to bottom. The water pipes 23 are connected, and a water distribution pipe 27 is arranged between the aquatic plants and the ecological fillers 22 . When the water flows, the non-ionic ammonia, nitrite, pathogenic microorganisms, algae, copper, and lead in the water are absorbed by aquatic plants and adsorbed by the ecological filler 22 to be purified, and the impermeable layer 25 prevents the sewage from infiltrating into the groundwater body. Re-entering the upstream subsurface wetland 5, the upstream subsurface wetland 5 includes aquatic plants, ecological fillers 22, an impermeable layer 25 and a base 24 from top to bottom, and the adjacent distribution channels 2 with the upstream subsurface wetland 5 are connected by a water distribution pipe 27. The water pipe 27 is located at the bottom of the ecological packing 22 and on the top of the impermeable layer 25 . In order to further purify the water quality, the upward underflow wetland 5 and the downward underflow wetland 4 species of water plants such as water hyacinth, water peanut, reed, papyrus, Zaili flower, and introduced silver carp and bighead carp and snail, the specific ratio can refer to the second level The purification system can also be adjusted according to local conditions, and finally enters the biological early warning tank 6 and the clear water tank 7 to facilitate monitoring and storage of indicators such as indicator microorganisms. Specifically, the biological early warning tank 6 monitors the indicator microorganisms in the water for manual random sampling and monitoring ; The clear water pool 7 stores the water source water purified by the wetland, so as to control the water step by step to maintain the water flow, and flow into the river channel 8 of the secondary purification system through the water outlet 26. To sum up, the primary purification and sedimentation system performs preliminary purification on the introduced water quality, thereby improving the water quality, and at the same time, it has a better removal effect on indicator microorganisms and pathogenic microorganisms, and further reduces the incidence of shrimp and fish. It also has the effect of storing water and saving water, thereby reducing costs. After calculation, the average removal rates of non-ionic ammonia and nitrite in this purification sedimentation system are 35.47±6.84% and 38.29±6.21%, respectively. They were 68.1±6.8%, 68.99±5.84%, 33.70±10.14%, 71.20±12.22%, respectively, the transparency was about 10-15cm, and the pH value was maintained between 7.2-8.5.

(2) Construction of secondary purification system

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3, the secondary purification system is mainly a river channel 8, the water depth is 1.5-2m, the pH value is maintained between 7.2-8.5, and the transparency is about 15-20cm. The two sides of the river ditch 30 are further stabilized by sandy soil. The “∩” type cement slope protection 29 is arranged at intervals in the slope protection. Wet plants are planted in the “∩” type cement slope protection 29. Aquatic plants such as water hyacinth and water peanut are planted on both sides, fixed with bamboo fence, and the coverage area is 30-50% of the water surface. , 30-50 bighead carp/mu; stocking 150-300kg/mu snails at the bottom of the river channel, further purification by plants, plankton, microorganisms, benthic organisms, etc., reducing the ammonia nitrogen in the water by about 15-20%, and further intercepting solid residues , and further phagocytosis of indicator microorganisms and pathogenic microorganisms by silver carp and bighead carp and snails. On the basis of further purifying the water quality, the river channel 8 plays the role of connecting the composite vertical underflow wetland 32 and the water purification pond 11 .

(3) Construction of three-stage purification system

As shown in Figures 1 and 4, the tertiary purification system is a water purification pond 11, the overflow dam 9 is located on the left side of the purification pond 11 for isolation from the secondary purification system, the water depth is about 1.5-2m, and the pH value is maintained at Between 7.2-8.5, the transparency is about 22-30cm. The water purification pond 11 includes an ecological floating bed 10 and an oxygenation device 31. The ecological floating bed 10 floats in the center of the water purification pond 11, and an oxygenation device 31 is provided at the bottom of the water purification pond 11 to increase the oxygen content of the water body to maintain it at ≥ 6mg/L, put silver carp and bighead carp and snails in the water purification pond 11, plant floating-leaf plants, emergent plants and submerged plants, and plant water spinach and Houttuynia cordata in the ecological floating bed 10. In the water purification pond 11, plant emergent plants such as reeds, papyrus, and Zailihua, covering an area of about 30% of the water surface, and plant submerged plants such as salamander, hornwort, black algae, and yellow silk grass, covering an area of about 30% of the water surface. About 20%, floating-leaf plants such as water lily and water chestnut are planted, covering an area of about 10%. In addition, facilities such as ecological floating bed 10 can be used to grow vegetables such as water spinach and Chinese herbs such as Houttuynia cordata and other economic plants, covering an area of 5 About %; stocking silver carp, bighead carp, snails in the water purification pond 11 with a secondary purification system, and according to the area of the water purification pond 11 is equipped with an aerator or a microporous aerator 31 at the bottom, absorbed and utilized by animals and plants, further purification of water. The ammonia nitrogen in the water is reduced by about 20-30%, and the solid residue is further intercepted, and the content of indicator microorganisms and pathogenic microorganisms is reduced again through the phagocytosis of silver carp and bighead carp and snails. Oxygen volume increased by 5-15%. To sum up, the water purification pond 11 mainly utilizes the vegetables and Chinese herbal medicines cultivated in the ecological floating bed 10, the plants grown in water and the aquatic animals cultivated to further purify and improve the water quality, and at the same time, the economic crops planted in the ecological floating bed 10 are used to increase the income.

(4) Construction of a four-stage purification water storage system

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 5, the four-stage purification water storage system is mainly a water storage pond 33, which mainly plays the role of water storage. The water depth is about 2.5-2.8m, the transparency is about 25-30cm, and the pH value is maintained between 7.2-8.5 between. The water storage pond 33 includes the water storage tank 13 and the water quality monitor 18. The water quality monitor 18 is arranged at the bottom of the left side of the storage tank 13, the submerged flow dam 12 is located on the left side of the storage tank 13 for isolation from the water purification pond 11, and the water pump 1. It is placed on the side of the reservoir 13 close to the culturing pond 16 for supplying water to the cultivating pond 16. In the reservoir 13, floating-leaf plants, emergent plants and submerged plants are planted, and silver carp and bighead carp and snails are stocked. Plant floating leaf plants, emergent plants and submerged plants in the reservoir 13 with the same three-stage purification system, and the coverage area is about 10%, 20% and 30% respectively; silver carp and bighead carp are stocked in the reservoir 13 , Snail with three-stage purification system. Four-stage purification and storage, and real-time monitoring equipment is installed to monitor water quality in real time to ensure that the water quality from the four-stage purification water storage system must comply with the regulations of NY/T5361-2016 and SC/T9101-2007. The water enters the culture pond 16 . There is a water inlet channel 28 between the water storage pond 33 and the culture pond 16. The water source in the water storage pond 33 flows into the culture pond 16 through the water pump 1. The water storage pond 33 not only purifies the water that flows into the upper stage, but also purifies the water. It plays the role of water storage and monitoring to ensure that there is enough qualified water for the culture pond 16 to use.

(5) Construction of aquaculture ponds

The cultivation pond 16 requires the following preparations after the four-stage purification water storage system.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the culture pond 16 is adjacent to the secondary purification system channel 8 , and the water inlet channel 28 is spaced between the culture pond 16 , the water storage pond 33 and the water purification pond 11 . In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the culturing pond 16 is divided into 6 culturing areas, and a water quality monitor 18 is arranged on the side of the culturing area immediately adjacent to the river 8 to monitor the water quality, and every three cultivating areas are connected in series to form a group, and the groups are grouped together. There is a drainage channel 17 in between, and the aquaculture wastewater in the aquaculture pond 16 enters the secondary purification system channel 8 through the drainage channel 17 . Among them, the breeding pond 16 is the main breeding area, where blue prawns and channel catfish are polycultured.

<1> Pond preparation: Choose a rectangular pond with an area of 2.6 mu with sufficient water source, convenient inflow and drainage, east-west orientation, and an aspect ratio of 5:3. The depth of the ditch on three sides is 1.5-2m, the water depth of the culture pond 16 is the same as that of the ditch, and the slope ratio of the beach surface is 1:2; the filter screen (select 70 mesh) on the water inlet mask, and the water inlet and the drainage outlet are arranged diagonally ; Configure a 1.5kw microporous aerator; set up double-layer plastic sheets around the pond, fix it with wooden sticks, and incline 15° into the pond, on both sides of the drainage channel where the culture pond 16 communicates with the secondary water purification system Place real-time monitoring equipment, which includes cameras, temperature sensors, pH sensors, dissolved oxygen sensors, CO ₂ sensors and ammonia nitrogen sensors, so as to monitor various conventional indicators of aquaculture water in real time.

<2> Disinfection of ponds: Expose the pond to the sun for a week one month before the seedlings are stocked, then add water to the pond to 20cm, and spray the whole pond with bleaching powder for disinfection. The amount of bleaching powder is 130-150kg/mu, and the water is drained after 7 days.

<3> Planting grass and throwing snails: After the pond is sterilized, plant aquatic plants, and use inter-planting in different borders. Multi-species interplanting of elegans, hornwort, bitter grass and black algae, three rows of aquatic plants are planted in each border, and the row spacing is 1.2m. The spacing between the borders is 2.4m, and the direction of planting grass is perpendicular to the direction of the pond; before the Qingming Festival, fresh and live snails are put into the pond at a time of 400-500kg/mu.

<4> Seed stocking: The first crop of green shrimp is stocked in early February, and the stocking size is 6-8kg/mu of 2.5-3cm/tail, and the second crop is stocked in early July, with a stocking specification of 0.5-0.8 cm of shrimp fry is 30,000-50,000/mu; channel catfish fry are stocked in mid-March, with a size of 50-80g/tail, and a stocking density of 1200-1500/mu. The stocked shrimp species have complete appendages and a robust physique. , All seedlings were soaked in 3% saline solution for 6min before stocking.

<5> Feeding: The development of green shrimp seedlings adopts the method of nutritional fortification with trace elements. The adult shrimp can be fed with the green shrimp compound feed of Beijing Dabeinong Technology Group Co., Ltd. The feeding amount depends on the season, weather, water quality and feeding situation. Flexible adjustment.

<6> Water quality management: keep the pH value of the pond water between 7.2-8.5, the transparency of 20-25cm, and the dissolved oxygen above 5.5-6.5mg/L; maintain the highest water level in high temperature weather in summer, and change the water every 10d. The water level of each water change is 20cm; Bacillus and photosynthetic bacteria are used every 15 days from June to September, and quicklime is used to improve the water quality every month; the aerator is turned on for 3 hours at noon on sunny days in high temperature season, and the aerator is turned on the next morning in cloudy days 2h, and the aerator is turned on for 5h in the middle of the night on continuous cloudy and rainy days.

<7> Disease prevention and control: Adhere to the principle of prevention first, prevention is more important than cure and prevention and control, soak the seedlings with 3% salt water for 10min before stocking; from June to September, use Bacillus and photosynthetic bacteria every 15d ; Sprinkle the whole pond with 8-10kg/mu bleaching and pulverizing water every month during the growing season.

<8> Fishing and listing: The first batch of free-ranging green shrimp will be caught and listed in June of that year, and the second batch will be caught and listed in January of the second year; channel catfish and silver carp will be caught and listed in dry ponds in January of the second year. .

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the examples.

Example:

Breeding experiments were carried out at the Science and Technology Experimental Demonstration Base in Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province using the above-mentioned breeding mode. The specific breeding methods include:

(1) The source water is introduced into the composite vertical subsurface wetland for preliminary purification, and the non-ionic ammonia, nitrite, total coliforms, algae, copper, lead, and sediment in the water body are removed and precipitated, so that the water body is The transparency reaches about 15cm, the pH value is maintained at 7.8, and the oxygen content reaches 4mg/L;

(2) The water after the settlement is introduced into the secondary purification system channel, the tertiary purification system water purification pond and the fourth purification water storage system water storage pond in turn;

(3) The water source in the four-stage purification water storage system is monitored for water quality, and the monitoring data is displayed on the display screen in real time, and the water source stored in the four-stage purification water storage system is introduced into the aquaculture pond through the water pump;

(4) Stocking channel catfish in high-water aquaculture ponds, the stocking amount is 1200 per mu, the size is 100g/tail, the stocking size of green shrimp is 100,000/mu, the stocking size is 0.7cm, and the breeding water depth is 2.0m; In the secondary purification system, 60 silver carp/mu and 50 bighead carp with a specification of 100g/tail are stocked; 200kg/mu of snails are stocked at the bottom of the river, and water spinach, Houttuynia cordata, 10% Floating-leaf plants, 20% submerged plants and 30% emergent plants, the culture depth is 2.0m; the real-time online detection of water quality is realized in the storage pond through the Internet of Things management system;

The Internet of Things system is mainly composed of three parts: the lower computer, the upper computer and the App (Shrimp Yitong). The lower computer includes the main control CPU, sensor module, wireless communication module, power supply module and electrical equipment module, etc., to realize data collection, transmission and execution of issued instructions; the upper computer belongs to the Alibaba Cloud server of Windows system, which mainly uploads data to the lower computer. The data is stored, judged and issued to control the command of the lower computer; App (Shrimp Yitong) runs on the Android operating platform, mainly for the real-time display of data and the traceability of past data, as well as the command to control the lower computer equipment.

Specifically, the lower computer is responsible for completing the collection, processing, uploading of water quality parameters and controlling the start and stop of various actuators. The water quality parameters are mainly collected by temperature sensors, pH sensors, dissolved oxygen sensors, etc.; the data is uploaded through the wireless communication module; the actuators mainly include feeders, water pumps and oxygen boosting pumps.

Specifically, the host computer is responsible for organically connecting all parts of the system together, and its functions are mainly divided into parameter setting, data communication, judgment, storage, real-time display, and command generation. The host computer software is developed on the QtCreater platform using C++ language. The data processing of the upper computer includes three parts: the processing of the data uploaded by the upper computer to the lower computer, the processing of the data requested by the App, and the instruction of forwarding the App to the lower computer. The thresholds required for data processing can be set through the alarm parameter setting function in the interface.

Specifically, use Shrimp Yitong to check the pH value, dissolved oxygen and temperature value of the water quality of the aquaculture pond, and realize the control of electrical equipment by mobile phone. The operating platform of Shrimp Yitong is an Android smartphone, which mainly completes the functions of remote control of the lower computer, real-time browsing of data, and traceability of past data. The specific operation process is shown in Figure 6;

(5) the water in the culture pond is discharged into the river channel of the secondary purification system for purification and settlement;

(6) then introduce the settled water into the three-stage purification system and the four-stage purification water storage system successively;

(7) The water source in the four-stage purification water storage system is monitored for water quality, and the monitoring data is displayed on the display screen in real time. The water source stored in the four-stage purification water storage system is introduced into the aquaculture pond to realize the comprehensive set of culture and circulating aquaculture.

Breeding results: After a year of cultivation, the yield per unit of channel catfish was 2200 jin, silver carp and bighead carp 900 jin, aquatic plants 400 jin, green shrimp 200 jin, snail 1000 jin and water chestnut 400 jin. Calculated according to the current market value, the income is about 7,500 yuan/mu, and the economic income has increased by 40-50% compared with the income before the technological reform.

To sum up, by adopting the breeding mode and method of the embodiment of the present invention, on the one hand, manpower input can be reduced, and the cost of breeding management can be reduced; 50%; thirdly, the comprehensive utilization of sedimentation, purification and storage tanks can bring more economic benefits. The hydroponic Chinese herbs and vegetables can reach 1kg/m ² , and can be picked multiple times, which is more conducive to breeding. Purification of water bodies and healthy growth of farmed fish. In addition, compared with the existing conventional culture and the existing circulating water culture, the present invention has the advantages of large stocking amount and high survival rate, and is a comprehensive set of "efficient, high-quality, ecological, healthy and safe" fish and shrimp symbiosis. It can promote the healthy development of the aquaculture industry.

The foregoing description of the embodiments is provided to facilitate understanding and use of the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments can be readily made, and the general principles described herein can be applied to other embodiments without inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art according to the principles of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a synthesize clean system who breeds fish shrimp which characterized in that: the system comprises a composite vertical subsurface wetland (32), a river channel (8), a water purification pond (11), a water storage pond (33) and a culture pond (16);

the composite vertical subsurface wetland (32) is used for primarily purifying a water source (20), improving water quality and removing microorganisms;

a river channel (8) which is connected with the composite vertical subsurface wetland (32) through a water pipe and further purifies the water quality through the purification and precipitation of aquatic animals and plants in the river;

the water purification pond (11) is separated from the outlet end of the river channel (8) through an overflow dam (9), and water quality is improved through purification of aquatic animals, plants, vegetables and Chinese herbal medicines in the water purification pond;

the inlet end of the water storage pond (33) is separated from the outlet end of the water purification pond (11) through the subsurface flow dam (12), the outlet end of the water storage pond (33) is separated from the composite vertical subsurface flow wetland (32) through the isolation device (3), and after the water quality is finally purified and monitored, the water flows into the culture pond (16) through the water pump (1);

the aquaculture pond (16) is separated from the water storage pond (33), the water purification pond (11) and the river channel (8) through the water inlet channel (28), the aquaculture pond (16) is symmetrically distributed on two sides of the water discharge channel (17), freshwater shrimps and channel catfishes are mixedly cultured in the aquaculture pond (16), aquaculture wastewater in the aquaculture pond (16) flows into the river channel (8) through the water discharge channel (17) to be purified, and water in the river channel (8) flows into the water purification pond (11) and the water storage pond (33) again to realize circular purification.

2. The purification system for comprehensively cultivating fish and shrimp according to claim 1, characterized in that: the composite vertical subsurface flow wetland (32) comprises an adjusting tank (14), a primary sedimentation tank (15), a water distribution channel (2), a downstream subsurface flow wetland (4), an upstream subsurface flow wetland (5), a biological early warning tank (6) and a clean water tank (7) which are connected by a water pipe (19) from top to bottom, wherein the adjusting tank (14) and the primary sedimentation tank (15) are arranged side by side, the lower ends of the adjusting tank (14) and the primary sedimentation tank (15) are provided with a plurality of water distribution channels (2), the downstream subsurface flow wetland (4) and the upstream subsurface flow wetland (5) are arranged between the water distribution channels (2) at intervals, the bottom of the water distribution channel (2) is provided with the biological early warning tank (6) and the clean water tank (7) side by side, the top of the primary sedimentation tank (15) is provided with a water inlet (21), the bottom end of the side wall of the clean water tank (7) is provided with a silt outlet (26), and the sedimentation tank (15) controls the natural sedimentation through primary physical sedimentation, the adjusting tank (14) preliminarily adjusts the pH value of the water body, then the water quality is further purified through the downstream subsurface flow wetland (4) and the upstream subsurface flow wetland (5) which are connected with the water distribution channel (2), and finally the water enters the biological early warning tank (6) and the clean water tank (7) to monitor and store the indicating microorganisms.

3. The purification system for the comprehensive aquaculture of fish and shrimp as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the descending subsurface flow wetland (4) comprises aquatic plants, ecological fillers (22), an impermeable layer (25) and a substrate (24) from top to bottom, adjacent water distribution channels (2) provided with the descending subsurface flow wetland (4) are connected by a water collection pipe (23), a water distribution pipe (27) is arranged between the aquatic plants and the ecological fillers (22), and the water collection pipe (23) is positioned at the side parts of the aquatic plants and the ecological fillers (22) and positioned at the top part of the impermeable layer (25);

the upstream subsurface flow wetland (5) comprises aquatic plants, ecological fillers (22), an impermeable layer (25) and a substrate (24) from top to bottom, adjacent water distribution channels (2) provided with the upstream subsurface flow wetland (5) are connected by water distribution pipes (27), and the water distribution pipes (27) are positioned at the bottom of the ecological fillers (22) and at the top of the impermeable layer (25).

4. The purification system for comprehensively cultivating fish and shrimp according to claim 1, characterized in that: river course (8) are including river ditch (30) and bank protection, and the bank protection is located the both sides of river ditch (30), the interval is equipped with "N" type cement bank protection (29) in the bank protection in proper order, the area of coverage of aquatic plant is 30-50% of the surface of water in river ditch (30), plant the hygrophyte in "N" type cement bank protection (29), put silver carp bighead carp and spiral shell in river ditch (30), the river depth is 1.5-2m in river ditch (30), and the pH value is 7.2-8.5.

5. The purification system for comprehensively cultivating fish and shrimp according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water purification pond (11) comprises an ecological floating bed (10) and an oxygen increasing device (31), the oxygen increasing device (31) is arranged at the bottom of the water purification pond (11) and is used for increasing the oxygen content of water to enable the oxygen content to be maintained to be larger than or equal to 6mg/L, bighead carp and spiral shell are thrown into the water purification pond (11) and are used for planting floating-leaf plants, emergent aquatic plants and submerged plants, water spinach and houttuynia cordata are planted in the ecological floating bed (10), the water depth in the water purification pond (11) is 1.5-2m, and the pH value is 7.2-8.5.

6. The purification system for comprehensively cultivating fish and shrimp according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water storage pond (33) comprises a water storage tank (13) and a water quality monitor (18), the water quality monitor (18) is arranged at the bottom of the water storage tank (13), floating leaf plants, emergent aquatic plants and submerged plants are planted in the water storage tank (13), silver carp, bighead carp and spiral shell are thrown in the water storage tank, the water depth in the water storage tank (13) is 2.5-2.8m, the transparency is 25-30cm, and the pH value is 7.2-8.5.

7. The purification system for comprehensively cultivating fish and shrimp according to claim 1, characterized in that: a real-time monitoring device is arranged in the aquaculture pond (16) to monitor the pH value, the dissolved oxygen and the temperature of water quality in real time.

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