CN111849559B - Combined deslagging device of coal gasification system and application method thereof - Google Patents
Combined deslagging device of coal gasification system and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 235
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 82
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010884 boiler slag Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-OUBTZVSYSA-N nitrogen-15 Chemical compound [15N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phencyclidine Chemical compound C1CCCCN1C1(C=2C=CC=CC=2)CCCCC1 JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002760 rocket fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/485—Entrained flow gasifiers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/093—Coal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a combined deslagging device of a coal gasification system and an application method thereof, and aims to solve the problem that when the operation temperature of the existing entrained flow gasifier is low, the fluidity of ash in a waste heat boiler is poor, so that the ash is deposited, and the continuous operation is influenced because a horizontal flue of a U-shaped gasifier is blocked. The slag discharging port of the waste heat boiler in the combined slag removing device of the coal gasification system is positioned at the bottom of the waste heat boiler, the slag discharging port of the gasification furnace is positioned at the bottom of the gasification furnace, one end of a vertical downcomer is communicated with the slag discharging port of the gasification furnace, the other end of the vertical downcomer is communicated with a slag pool in the combined slag collecting system, one end of an inclined downcomer is communicated with the slag discharging port of the waste heat boiler, and the other end of the inclined downcomer is communicated with the vertical downcomer. The bottom of the waste heat boiler is provided with the slag discharge port, so that slag in the waste heat boiler directly falls down, forced shutdown of gasification equipment due to the conditions of horizontal flue blockage and the like caused by working condition change is avoided, the running stability is enhanced, and the gasification efficiency and the quality of synthesis gas can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a coal gasification combined deslagging device and a deslagging method by using the same.
Background
China is a world large country for coal production and consumption, coal accounts for about 60% of the primary energy consumption structure of China, most of the coal is used in a direct combustion mode, and the generated coal-fired pollutants cause serious pollution to the ecological environment. Coal gasification is one of the most important clean coal technologies, and can be used for producing industrial fuel gas, civil fuel gas, chemical synthetic raw material gas, synthetic fuel oil raw material gas, hydrogen fuel cells, synthetic natural gas, rocket fuel and the like. The current major coal gasification technologies include moving bed (fixed bed) gasification, fluidized bed gasification, entrained flow bed gasification and molten bed gasification, wherein the entrained flow bed gasification technology has become the main development direction of coal gasification technology due to the advantages of high gasification intensity, large single-furnace production capacity, wide coal type application range, high carbon conversion rate and the like.
The U-shaped gasification technology is that a horizontal flue is arranged at the bottom of a gasification furnace chamber and the bottom of a waste heat boiler to be connected with each other. The gasification hearth, the horizontal flue and the waste heat boiler form a U-shaped gasification reaction area, the U-shaped gasification can increase the space of gasification reaction, prolong the gasification reaction time and effectively improve the efficiency. However, when the load of the gasification furnace is reduced and the temperature in the waste heat boiler is reduced, the temperature of partial ash in the waste heat boiler is reduced, and the fluidity is poor, so that the partial ash is deposited at the bottom of the waste heat boiler and is difficult to flow back to the gasification furnace, and the horizontal flue is blocked by slagging along with the increase of the ash accumulation height, so that the gasification furnace is stopped, and the stability of the system operation is influenced.
In addition, in the existing dry powder coal gasification technology, because different coal types have great component differences and parameters such as ash melting points are also greatly different, when the difference between the used coal type and the designed coal type is large, the problems of excessive ash content of the synthetic gas, unsmooth slag discharge at a slag outlet of the gasification furnace, slag bonding and blockage of a horizontal flue and the like are likely to occur, so that the gasification furnace is frequently maintained, the workload is increased, and the economic benefit is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that when the operating temperature of the existing entrained flow gasifier is low, the fluidity of ash in a waste heat boiler is poor, the ash is deposited, the horizontal flue of a U-shaped gasifier is blocked, the continuous operation is influenced, and even safety accidents are caused. And provides a coal gasification combined deslagging device and a deslagging method by using the device.
The combined deslagging device of the coal gasification system comprises a gasification furnace, a waste heat boiler, a horizontal flue, a waste heat boiler slag tap, a gasification furnace slag tap, a vertical downcomer, an inclined downcomer and a combined slag collecting system, wherein a U-shaped gasification reaction zone is formed between the gasification furnace and the waste heat boiler through the horizontal flue, the waste heat boiler slag tap is positioned at the bottom of the waste heat boiler, the gasification furnace slag tap is positioned at the bottom of the gasification furnace, one end of the vertical downcomer is communicated with the gasification furnace slag tap, the other end of the vertical downcomer is communicated with a slag pool in the combined slag collecting system, one end of the inclined downcomer is communicated with the waste heat boiler slag tap, the other end of the inclined downcomer is communicated with the vertical downcomer, and the inclined downcomer is arranged obliquely downwards;
the combined slag collecting system comprises a slag pool, a slag salvaging machine, an ash lock hopper, a circulating pump, a slag crusher, a first connecting pipe, a second connecting pipe, a flushing water tank and a high-pressure nitrogen source, wherein a slag outlet of the slag pool is connected with a slag inlet of the ash lock hopper through the first connecting pipe, the slag crusher is arranged on the first connecting pipe, the ash lock hopper is communicated with the slag salvaging machine through the second connecting pipe, a circulating pipeline is arranged between the slag pool and the ash lock hopper, and the circulating pump is arranged on the circulating pipeline;
the flushing water tank is communicated with the ash lock hopper through a flushing pipe, and the high-pressure nitrogen source is communicated with the ash lock hopper through an air pipe.
The method for removing the slag by using the combined slag removing device of the coal gasification system is realized according to the following steps:
when the gasification furnace operates, coal powder is subjected to gasification reaction in a hearth to generate synthesis gas and liquid slag, and a part of the liquid slag is deposited on a water-cooled wall in the gasification furnace, falls along the water-cooled wall and enters a slag pool through a slag outlet and a vertical downcomer of the gasification furnace;
the residual liquid slag and the synthesis gas form mixed gas flow, the mixed gas flow enters the waste heat boiler through the horizontal flue, the temperature of the mixed gas flow is reduced through the heat absorption of a water-cooled wall in the waste heat boiler, and the liquid slag in part of the mixed gas flow falls to a slag discharging port of the waste heat boiler along the water-cooled wall in the waste heat boiler and enters a slag pool along an inclined descending pipe;
secondly, a circulating pump is arranged between a slag pool and an ash lock hopper in the combined slag collecting system to assist slag water circulation, a slag crusher is arranged at the outlet of the slag pool to crush blocky slag, the slag sinks into the slag pool under the action of gravity, and the circulating pump pumps water at the upper part of the ash lock hopper and sends the water into the slag pool to accelerate the slag collecting speed of the ash lock hopper;
after the ash lock bucket collects the slag, a slag falling valve is closed, a flushing valve is opened to enable the ash lock bucket to release the pressure to a water tank, a slag discharging valve is opened after the pressure is released to normal pressure, the ash lock bucket is flushed by water in a flushing water tank, ash falls into a slag conveyor under the action of the flushing water, flushing is stopped, the slag discharging valve and the flushing valve are closed, water is supplied to the water tank, a stamping valve is opened, and the ash lock bucket is stamped to be equal to the pressure of a hearth by high-pressure nitrogen;
and fourthly, after the stamping is finished, opening a slag falling valve and a circulating pump, and recovering slag again, so that slag removal of the coal gasification system is finished.
The combined deslagging device of the coal gasification system and the application method thereof have the following beneficial effects:
the method can reduce the starting and stopping times of the gasification system and effectively improve the operation stability of the gasification furnace;
in the existing U-shaped gasification technology, mixed gas flow from a gasification furnace passes through a waste heat boiler, and molten slag flows back to the gasification furnace through a horizontal flue after falling down in the waste heat boiler. When the load operation is reduced, the temperature in the waste heat boiler is reduced, and when the temperature is too low, the fluidity of ash slag is poor, and the ash slag is difficult to flow back into the gasification furnace through the horizontal flue, so that the horizontal flue is blocked. The waste heat boiler slag discharging port is arranged, so that slag in the waste heat boiler directly falls down, forced shutdown of gasification equipment due to the fact that a horizontal flue is blocked due to working condition change is avoided, and operation stability is enhanced.
The combined deslagging device of the coal gasification system and the application method thereof can effectively improve the economy;
for example, in patent CN1639306 published by international shell research limited, sensible heat of synthesis gas is recovered by using a waste heat boiler process, and the waste heat boiler deposits ash and slag to block a synthesis gas channel and affect operation stability and an operation period in long-term operation. In actual use, a scheme of one-use one-standby and the like can be adopted to ensure the stable operation of the equipment, and the equipment needs to be shut down and maintained more frequently. Building backup facilities can greatly increase initial capital investment, and frequent shutdown maintenance can also reduce economic benefits. The slag discharging port is arranged below the waste heat boiler, slag catching and discharging capacity is enhanced, meanwhile, the waste heat boiler and the gasification furnace share one set of slag removing facility, and under the condition that basic investment is not changed greatly, the operation period of equipment can be effectively prolonged, and economic benefit is improved.
Thirdly, the adaptability of the coal type is strong;
when high ash content or coal with short slag property is adopted, the amount of slag in the gasification furnace and the waste heat boiler is increased, and the slag discharging difficulty is increased; meanwhile, excessive slag causes a large amount of slag to be gathered, the slag cannot be uniformly heated, the fluidity is poor, and the problems of unsmooth slag discharging, blockage of a horizontal flue and the like are likely to occur. The slag discharging device is provided with the two slag discharging ports, so that the slag discharging amount of a single slag discharging port is reduced, and the risk of slag blockage is reduced. Because the combined deslagging is adopted, the problem of blockage of a horizontal flue can be effectively avoided, the adaptability to high-ash coal and coal with short slag property which is not beneficial to slag tapping is better, and the adaptability to coal types is strong.
Fourthly, the gasification efficiency and the quality of the synthesis gas can be improved;
in the actual work of the gasification equipment, ash and slag are deposited on the bottom of the waste heat boiler and the horizontal flue under the influence of coal types, loads and the like, the accumulation of the ash and slag of the waste heat boiler can cause the secondary gasification space to be reduced, and the gasification efficiency is reduced; ash is entrained in the flushed portion of the syngas stream and can result in increased fly ash content in the final syngas and increased difficulty in post-processing. After the combined deslagging device of the coal gasification system is applied, the problem of slag blockage is solved, so that the gasification efficiency and the quality of the synthesis gas can be improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a combined deslagging device of a coal gasification system according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the combined deslagging device of the coal gasification system of the embodiment comprises a gasification furnace 2, a waste heat boiler 1, a horizontal flue 3, a waste heat boiler slag discharging port 5, a gasification furnace slag discharging port 4, a vertical descending pipe 6, an inclined descending pipe 7 and a combined slag collecting system 8, wherein a U-shaped gasification reaction zone is formed between the gasification furnace 2 and the waste heat boiler 1 through the horizontal flue 3, the waste heat boiler slag discharging port 5 is positioned at the bottom of the waste heat boiler 1, the gasification furnace slag discharging port 4 is positioned at the bottom of the gasification furnace 2, one end of the vertical descending pipe 6 is communicated with the gasification furnace slag discharging port 4, the other end of the vertical descending pipe 6 is communicated with a slag pool 9 in the combined slag collecting system 8, one end of the inclined descending pipe 7 is communicated with the waste heat boiler slag discharging port 5, the other end of the inclined descending pipe 7 is communicated with the vertical descending pipe 6, and the inclined descending pipe 7 is arranged obliquely downwards;
the combined slag collecting system 8 comprises a slag pool 9, a slag dragging machine 21, an ash lock hopper 18, a circulating pump 13, a slag crusher 10, a first connecting pipe 17, a second connecting pipe 22, a flushing water tank 14 and a high-pressure nitrogen source 15, wherein a slag outlet of the slag pool 9 is connected with a slag inlet of the ash lock hopper 18 through the first connecting pipe 17, the slag crusher 10 is installed on the first connecting pipe 17, the ash lock hopper 18 is communicated with the slag dragging machine 21 through the second connecting pipe 22, a circulating pipeline is arranged between the slag pool 9 and the ash lock hopper 18, and the circulating pump 13 is arranged on the circulating pipeline;
the flushing water tank 14 is communicated with the ash lock hopper 18 through a flushing pipe, and the high-pressure nitrogen source 15 is communicated with the ash lock hopper 18 through an air pipe.
The second embodiment is as follows: this embodiment differs from the embodiment in that the flush tank 14 is provided with a water inlet pipe 12.
The third concrete implementation mode: the difference between the first embodiment and the second embodiment is that the inclined downcomer 7 and the horizontal plane form an included angle of 15-80 degrees.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment is different from one of the first to third embodiments in that a slag falling valve 11 is provided on the first connecting pipe 17 below the slag crusher 10.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment differs from one of the first to fourth embodiments in that a flush valve 16 is provided in the flush pipe between the flush tank 14 and the ash lock hopper 18.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the difference between the present embodiment and one of the first to fifth embodiments is that a ram valve 19 is provided on the gas pipe between the high pressure nitrogen gas source 15 and the ash lock hopper 18.
The seventh embodiment: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to sixth embodiments is that a slag discharge valve 20 is provided on the second connection pipe 22 between the ash lock bucket 18 and the slag conveyor 21.
The specific implementation mode is eight: the method for removing the slag by using the combined slag removing device of the coal gasification system is realized according to the following steps:
when the gasification furnace 2 operates, coal powder is subjected to gasification reaction in a hearth to generate synthesis gas and liquid slag, and a part of the liquid slag is deposited on a water-cooled wall in the gasification furnace 2, falls along the water-cooled wall and enters a slag pool 9 through a gasification furnace slag outlet 4 and a vertical downcomer 6;
the residual liquid slag and the synthesis gas form mixed gas flow, the mixed gas flow enters the waste heat boiler 1 through the horizontal flue 3, the temperature of the mixed gas flow is reduced through the heat absorption of a water-cooled wall in the waste heat boiler 1, and the liquid slag in part of the mixed gas flow falls to a slag discharging port 5 of the waste heat boiler along the water-cooled wall in the waste heat boiler 1 and enters a slag pool 9 along an inclined descending pipe 7;
secondly, a circulating pump 13 is arranged between a slag pool 9 and an ash lock hopper 18 in the combined slag collecting system 8 to assist slag-water circulation, a slag crusher 10 is arranged at the outlet of the slag pool 9 to crush blocky slag, the slag falls into the slag pool 9 under the action of gravity, the circulating pump 13 pumps water at the upper part of the ash lock hopper 18 out and sends the water into the slag pool 9, and the slag collecting speed of the ash lock hopper 18 is accelerated;
thirdly, after the ash lock hopper 18 finishes slag collection, closing the slag falling valve 11, opening the flushing valve 16 to enable the ash lock hopper 18 to release pressure into the water tank 14, opening the slag discharging valve 20 after the pressure is released to normal pressure, flushing the ash lock hopper 18 by using water in the flushing water tank 14, enabling ash slag to fall into the slag dragging machine 21 under the action of flushing water, stopping flushing, closing the slag discharging valve 20 and the flushing valve 16, supplementing water to the water tank 14 at the same time, opening the stamping valve 19, and stamping the ash lock hopper 18 by using high-pressure nitrogen 15 until the pressure is equal to the pressure of the hearth;
and fourthly, after the stamping is finished, opening the slag falling valve 11 and the circulating pump 13, and restarting to collect slag, thereby finishing the slag removal of the coal gasification system.
The specific implementation method nine: the eighth embodiment is different from the eighth embodiment in that the pulverized coal used in the operation of the gasification furnace 2 is a high ash coal.
The detailed implementation mode is ten: the present embodiment is different from the eighth or ninth embodiment in that the gasifying agent used in the gasification furnace is oxygen or a mixed gas of oxygen and steam.
Example (b): the method for removing slag by using the combined slag removal device of the coal gasification system is realized according to the following steps:
when the gasification furnace 2 operates, coal powder is subjected to gasification reaction in a hearth to generate synthesis gas and liquid slag, and a part of the liquid slag is deposited on a water-cooled wall in the gasification furnace 2, falls along the water-cooled wall and enters a slag pool 9 through a gasification furnace slag outlet 4 and a vertical downcomer 6;
the residual liquid slag and the synthesis gas form mixed gas flow, the mixed gas flow enters the waste heat boiler 1 through the horizontal flue 3, the temperature of the mixed gas flow is reduced through the heat absorption of a water-cooled wall in the waste heat boiler 1, and the liquid slag in part of the mixed gas flow falls to a slag discharging port 5 of the waste heat boiler along the water-cooled wall in the waste heat boiler 1 and enters a slag pool 9 along an inclined descending pipe 7;
secondly, a circulating pump 13 is arranged between a slag pool 9 and an ash lock hopper 18 in the combined slag collecting system 8 to assist slag-water circulation, a slag crusher 10 is arranged at the outlet of the slag pool 9 to crush blocky slag, the slag falls into the slag pool 9 under the action of gravity, the circulating pump 13 pumps water at the upper part of the ash lock hopper 18 out and sends the water into the slag pool 9, and the slag collecting speed of the ash lock hopper 18 is accelerated;
thirdly, after the ash lock hopper 18 finishes slag collection, closing the slag falling valve 11, opening the flushing valve 16 to enable the ash lock hopper 18 to release pressure into the water tank 14, opening the slag discharging valve 20 after the pressure is released to normal pressure, flushing the ash lock hopper 18 by using water in the flushing water tank 14, enabling ash slag to fall into the slag dragging machine 21 under the action of flushing water, stopping flushing, closing the slag discharging valve 20 and the flushing valve 16, supplementing water to the water tank 14 at the same time, opening the stamping valve 19, and stamping the ash lock hopper 18 by using high-pressure nitrogen 15 until the pressure is equal to the pressure of the hearth;
and fourthly, after the stamping is finished, opening the slag falling valve 11 and the circulating pump 13, and restarting to collect slag, thereby finishing the slag removal of the coal gasification system.
The working process of the combined deslagging device of the coal gasification system of the embodiment is as follows:
when the gasification equipment operates, the slag crusher 10 and the slag falling valve 11 are opened, along with the progress of gasification reaction, ash in coal dust particles in the gasification furnace 2 is rapidly melted at a high temperature state to form liquid slag, a part of the liquid slag is deposited on the inner wall surface of the gasification furnace and falls down along the inner wall surface of the gasification furnace, flows out of the gasification furnace through the slag falling port of the gasification furnace, enters the combined slag collecting system 8 along a vertical descending pipe, mixed gas formed by the residual liquid slag and gas flows into the waste heat boiler 1 through the horizontal flue 3, wherein the liquid slag flows down along the inner wall surface of the waste heat boiler 1 and enters the slag falling port 5 of the waste heat boiler, and the liquid slag and solidified and fallen ash slag fall into the combined slag collecting system 8 through the slag falling port 5 of the waste heat boiler. In the combined slag collecting system 8, slag water circulation is carried out between the slag pool 9 and the ash lock hopper 18 by virtue of gravity and a circulating pump 13;
after the ash lock hopper 18 finishes collecting the slag, the slag falling valve 11 is closed, the flushing valve 16 is opened, the flushing water tank 14 is used for releasing the pressure of the ash lock hopper 18, the slag discharging valve 20 is opened after the pressure is released, and the ash slag is sent to the slag conveyor 21 to wait for subsequent treatment. After deslagging is finished, the flushing valve 16 and the deslagging valve 20 are closed, the flushing water tank 14 is replenished with water through the water inlet pipe 12, meanwhile, the stamping valve 19 is opened, and the ash lock hopper 18 is stamped to be equivalent to the pressure of the hearth through the high-pressure nitrogen source 15. And opening the slag dropping valve 11 after stamping, and restarting a new slag collecting process.
The combined deslagging device of the coal gasification system and the application method thereof can reduce the starting and stopping times of the coal gasification system, are suitable for high-ash coal types, and solve the slag blockage problem of the gasification furnace, thereby improving the gasification efficiency and the quality of the synthesis gas.
Claims (7)
1. A combined deslagging device of a coal gasification system is characterized by comprising a gasification furnace (2), a waste heat boiler (1), a horizontal flue (3), a waste heat boiler slag discharging port (5), a gasification furnace slag discharging port (4), a vertical descending pipe (6), an inclined descending pipe (7) and a combined slag collecting system (8), wherein a U-shaped gasification reaction zone is formed between the gasification furnace (2) and the waste heat boiler (1) through the horizontal flue (3), the waste heat boiler slag discharging port (5) is positioned at the bottom of the waste heat boiler (1), the gasification furnace slag discharging port (4) is positioned at the bottom of the gasification furnace (2), one end of the vertical descending pipe (6) is communicated with the gasification furnace slag discharging port (4), the other end of the vertical descending pipe (6) is communicated with a slag pool (9) in the combined slag collecting system (8), one end of the inclined descending pipe (7) is communicated with the waste heat boiler slag discharging port (5), the other end of the inclined downcomer (7) is communicated with the vertical downcomer (6), the inclined downcomer (7) is arranged obliquely downwards, and the included angle between the inclined downcomer (7) and the horizontal plane is 80 degrees;
the combined slag collecting system (8) comprises a slag pool (9), a slag dragging machine (21), an ash lock hopper (18), a circulating pump (13), a slag crusher (10), a first connecting pipe (17), a second connecting pipe (22), a flushing water tank (14) and a high-pressure nitrogen source (15), wherein a slag outlet of the slag pool (9) is connected with a slag inlet of the ash lock hopper (18) through the first connecting pipe (17), the slag crusher (10) is installed on the first connecting pipe (17), the ash lock hopper (18) is communicated with the slag dragging machine (21) through the second connecting pipe (22), a circulating pipeline is arranged between the slag pool (9) and the ash lock hopper (18), and the circulating pump (13) is arranged on the circulating pipeline;
the flushing water tank (14) is communicated with the ash lock hopper (18) through a flushing pipe, and the high-pressure nitrogen source (15) is communicated with the ash lock hopper (18) through an air pipe; a flushing valve (16) is arranged on a flushing pipe between the flushing water tank (14) and the ash lock hopper (18), and a punching valve (19) is arranged on an air pipe between the high-pressure nitrogen source (15) and the ash lock hopper (18).
2. A combined slag removal installation for a coal gasification system according to claim 1, characterized in that the flushing tank (14) is provided with a water inlet pipe (12).
3. A combined slag removal installation for a coal gasification system according to claim 1, characterized in that a slag drop valve (11) is arranged on the first connecting pipe (17) below the slag crusher (10).
4. The combined slag removal installation for a coal gasification system according to claim 1, characterized in that a slag removal valve (20) is provided on the second connecting pipe (22) between the ash lock hopper (18) and the slag conveyor (21).
5. The method for removing the slag by using the combined slag removing device of the coal gasification system is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
when the gasification furnace (2) operates, coal powder is subjected to gasification reaction in a hearth to generate synthesis gas and liquid slag, a part of the liquid slag is deposited on a water-cooled wall in the gasification furnace (2), falls along the water-cooled wall and enters a slag pool (9) through a gasification furnace slag outlet (4) and a vertical downcomer (6);
the residual liquid slag and the synthesis gas form mixed gas flow, the mixed gas flow enters the waste heat boiler (1) through the horizontal flue (3), the temperature of the mixed gas flow is reduced through the heat absorption of a water-cooled wall in the waste heat boiler (1), and the liquid slag in part of the mixed gas flow falls to a slag discharging port (5) of the waste heat boiler along the water-cooled wall in the waste heat boiler (1) and enters a slag pool (9) along an inclined downcomer (7);
secondly, a circulating pump (13) is arranged between a slag pool (9) and an ash lock hopper (18) in the combined slag collecting system (8) to assist in slag water circulation, a slag crusher (10) is arranged at an outlet of the slag pool (9) to crush blocky slag, the slag falls into the slag pool (9) under the action of gravity, and the circulating pump (13) pumps water at the upper part of the ash lock hopper (18) out and sends the water into the slag pool (9) to accelerate the slag collecting speed of the ash lock hopper (18);
thirdly, after the ash lock hopper (18) finishes slag collection, closing a slag falling valve (11), opening a flushing valve (16) to enable the ash lock hopper (18) to release pressure into a water tank (14), opening a slag discharging valve (20) after the pressure is released to normal pressure, flushing the ash lock hopper (18) by using water in a flushing water tank (14), enabling ash slag to fall into a slag salvaging machine (21) under the action of flushing water, stopping flushing, closing the slag discharging valve (20) and the flushing valve (16), simultaneously supplementing water to the water tank (14), opening a punching valve (19), and punching the ash lock hopper (18) by using a high-pressure nitrogen source (15) until the pressure of the ash lock hopper is equal to the pressure of a hearth;
and fourthly, after the stamping is finished, opening a slag falling valve (11) and a circulating pump (13) and restarting to collect slag, thereby finishing the slag removal of the coal gasification system.
6. The method for removing the slag by using the combined slag removal device of the coal gasification system according to claim 5, wherein the pulverized coal used when the gasification furnace (2) is operated is high-ash coal.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the gasifying agent used in the gasifier is oxygen or a mixture of oxygen and steam.
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- 2020-07-27 CN CN202010734718.9A patent/CN111849559B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| EP0113469A2 (en) * | 1983-01-10 | 1984-07-18 | Texaco Development Corporation | A method for removal of sour water from coal gasification slag |
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