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CN111811410B - Wide-range slip surface displacement monitoring device and measuring method thereof - Google Patents

Wide-range slip surface displacement monitoring device and measuring method thereof Download PDF

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CN111811410B
CN111811410B CN202010736555.8A CN202010736555A CN111811410B CN 111811410 B CN111811410 B CN 111811410B CN 202010736555 A CN202010736555 A CN 202010736555A CN 111811410 B CN111811410 B CN 111811410B
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displacement
spring
elastic substrate
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CN111811410A (en
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朱正伟
易兴
朱耘萱
徐嘉
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Chongqing University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures

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Abstract

The invention provides a wide-range slip surface displacement monitoring device which comprises a rigid lever, wherein the rigid lever is provided with a fulcrum; the device also comprises an input component and an output component; the input assembly and the output assembly are respectively provided with an optical displacement measuring device for sensing the displacement change state; two ends of the input assembly are respectively connected with an input measuring arm of the rigid lever and a point to be measured of the slip surface; can carry out the accuracy measurement to the displacement of glide plane, measuring range is big moreover to, can obtain the displacement volume and the displacement direction of glide plane in the measurement process, thereby can accurately reflect the displacement situation of glide plane, can determine out the shape of glide plane moreover, do benefit to and make accurate counter measure, simple structure need not complicated circuit arrangement and network deployment, use cost is low.

Description

Wide-range slip surface displacement monitoring device and measuring method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a displacement monitoring device and a measuring method, in particular to a wide-range slip surface displacement monitoring device and a measuring method thereof.
Background
The landslide displacement monitoring system is mature in practical application, but the traditional measuring method mainly has the defects of low monitoring efficiency, high measuring cost, low automation degree, low measuring precision and the like. With the application of high and new technologies such as a three-dimensional laser scanning technology, a GPS one-machine-multiple-antenna system, INSAR (synthetic aperture radar interferometry) and multi-sensor integration in the fields of landslide monitoring, prediction and forecast, the precision of landslide disaster deformation monitoring and forecast is further improved, but the technology is complex in structure and high in application cost.
Therefore, in order to solve the above technical problems, it is necessary to provide a new technical means.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a wide-range slip surface displacement monitoring device and a measuring method thereof, which can accurately measure the displacement of a slip surface, have a large measuring range, and can obtain the displacement amount and the displacement direction of the slip surface in the measuring process, so as to accurately reflect the displacement condition of the slip surface, measure the shape of the slip surface, facilitate accurate countermeasures, have a simple structure, do not need complicated circuit arrangement and networking, and have a low use cost.
The invention provides a wide-range slip surface displacement monitoring device which comprises a rigid lever, wherein the rigid lever is provided with a fulcrum;
the device also comprises an input component and an output component;
the input assembly and the output assembly are respectively provided with an optical displacement measuring device for sensing the displacement change state;
two ends of the input assembly are respectively connected with an input measuring arm of the rigid lever and a point to be measured of the slip surface; one end of the output assembly is fixed, and the other end of the output assembly is connected to an output measuring arm of the rigid lever.
Further, the optical displacement measuring device is a fiber grating.
Further, the input assembly comprises an input spring and an input elastic substrate, and the fiber bragg grating of the input assembly is arranged on the input elastic substrate;
one end of the input elastic substrate is connected with the input measuring arm of the rigid lever, the other end of the input elastic substrate is connected with one end of the input spring, and the other end of the input spring is fixed at a point to be measured of the sliding surface.
Further, the output assembly comprises an output spring and an output elastic substrate, and the fiber grating of the output assembly is arranged on the output elastic substrate;
one end of the output elastic substrate is connected with the output measuring arm of the rigid lever, the other end of the output elastic substrate is connected with one end of the output spring, and the other end of the output spring is fixed.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a measuring method based on the wide-range slip surface displacement monitoring device, which comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring the displacement of a target to be detected of a slip surface;
s2, constructing a slip surface displacement calculation model according to the displacement of the target to be measured, and calculating the transverse displacement delta L of the slip surfacexAnd a longitudinal displacement amount DeltaLy：
Figure BDA0002605274920000021
Figure BDA0002605274920000022
Wherein L is4Representing the sum of the unstressed initial lengths, Δ L, of the input spring and the input elastic substrate4The total displacement of the target to be detected is represented, and theta is an included angle between the target to be detected and the direction of the force of the input force arm of the rigid lever; alpha is an angle value rotated by the input moment arm and the output moment arm; l is2Indicating the length of the input arm.
Further, in step S2, the total displacement Δ L of the object to be measured4Is determined by the following method:
Figure BDA0002605274920000031
Figure BDA0002605274920000032
where Δ ε is the strain of the fiber grating in the input package, L5Indicating the length of the input resilient substrate and input spring, Δ λ, in the input assembly4For inputting the wavelength variation, K, of the fibre-optic grating of the flexible substrateε4The strain sensitivity coefficient of the fiber grating is input into the elastic substrate, K is the elastic coefficient of the input elastic substrate, K2The spring constant of the input spring.
Further, in step S2, an angle θ between the target to be measured and a direction of the force of the input moment arm of the rigid lever is determined by the following formula:
Figure BDA0002605274920000033
wherein, K1To output the spring constant, Δ L3Indicating the displacement of the output member, L3The initial length of the output spring and the output elastic substrate when not stressed, L1Is the length of the output force arm.
Further, in step S2, the angle value α that the input moment arm and the output moment arm rotate through is determined by the following formula:
Figure BDA0002605274920000034
further, the displacement Δ L of the output member3Determined by the following formula:
Figure BDA0002605274920000035
wherein, Kε3Is the strain sensitivity coefficient, Delta lambda, of the fiber grating in the output assembly3Representing the value of the change in wavelength, λ, of the fiber grating3Representing the initial wavelength value, K, of the fiber grating of the output assembly1To output the spring constant of the spring, L6Showing the fiber grating substrate length in the output assembly.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the displacement measuring device can accurately measure the displacement of the slip surface, has a large measuring range, can obtain the displacement amount and the displacement direction of the slip surface in the measuring process, can accurately reflect the displacement condition of the slip surface, can measure the shape of the slip surface, is beneficial to making accurate measures, has a simple structure, does not need complicated circuit arrangement and networking, and has low use cost.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the following figures and examples:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the arrangement structure of the monitoring device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings of the specification:
the invention provides a wide-range slip surface displacement monitoring device which comprises a rigid lever 4, wherein the rigid lever is provided with a fulcrum 5;
the device also comprises an input component and an output component;
the input assembly and the output assembly are respectively provided with an optical displacement measuring device for sensing the displacement change state;
two ends of the input assembly are respectively connected with an input measuring arm of the rigid lever and a point to be measured of the slip surface; one end of the output assembly is fixed, and the other end of the output assembly is connected to an output measuring arm of the rigid lever.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the optical displacement measuring device is a fiber grating (3, 7).
The input assembly comprises an input spring 8 and an input elastic substrate 6, and the fiber grating 7 of the input assembly is arranged on the input elastic substrate 6;
one end of the input elastic substrate 6 is connected with an input measuring arm of the rigid lever 4, the other end of the input elastic substrate 6 is connected with one end of an input spring 8, and the other end of the input spring 8 is fixed at a point to be measured 9 of the sliding surface.
The output assembly comprises an output spring 1 and an output elastic substrate 2, and the fiber grating 3 of the output assembly is arranged on the output elastic substrate 2;
one end of the output elastic substrate is connected with the output measuring arm of the rigid lever, the other end of the output elastic substrate is connected with one end of the output spring, and the other end of the output spring is fixed.
As shown in fig. 2, in the drawing, an arrow indicates a sliding direction of a sliding surface, and a point to be measured can be arranged at any point of an area of a dotted line on the area where the target to be measured is located along the dotted line in the drawing;
certainly, the whole measuring device is also provided with an optical signal generating device and an optical signal demodulating device, the optical signal generating device sends an optical signal to the optical fiber, when the point to be measured displaces, the structures of the spring and the elastic substrate are deformed, so that the wavelength on the fiber bragg grating is drifted, the wavelength drift value is solved through the optical signal demodulating device, and then the corresponding displacement is obtained through the following method;
the displacement of the slip surface can be accurately measured, the measurement range is large, the displacement amount and the displacement direction of the slip surface can be obtained in the measurement process, so that the displacement condition of the slip surface can be accurately reflected, the shape of the slip surface can be measured, accurate countermeasures can be favorably made, the structure is simple, complex circuit arrangement and networking are not needed, and the use cost is low; for the measurement of the slip surface, a plurality of points to be measured are arranged on the slip surface, the horizontal displacement and the vertical displacement of the points to be measured are the displacement of the whole slip surface, a displacement vector is obtained through the horizontal displacement and the vertical displacement, the displacement vector is the slip direction, and the displacement vector of each point to be measured is fitted through the measurement of the points to be measured, namely, the displacement vectors are connected to form the shape of the slip surface.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a measuring method based on the wide-range slip surface displacement monitoring device, which comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring the displacement of a target to be detected of a slip surface;
s2, constructing a slip surface displacement calculation model according to the displacement of the target to be measured, and calculating the transverse displacement delta L of the slip surfacexAnd a longitudinal displacement amount DeltaLy：
Figure BDA0002605274920000051
Figure BDA0002605274920000052
Wherein L is4Representing the sum of the unstressed initial lengths, Δ L, of the input spring and the input elastic substrate4The total displacement of the target to be detected is represented, and theta is an included angle between the target to be detected and the direction of the force of the input force arm of the rigid lever; alpha is an angle value rotated by the input moment arm and the output moment arm; l is2Indicating the length of the input arm.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: in step S2, the total displacement Δ L of the target to be measured4Is determined by the following method:
Figure BDA0002605274920000061
Figure BDA0002605274920000062
where Δ ε is the strain of the fiber grating in the input package, L5Indicating the length of the input resilient substrate and input spring, Δ λ, in the input assembly4For inputting the wavelength variation, K, of the fibre-optic grating of the flexible substrateε4The strain sensitivity coefficient of the fiber grating is input into the elastic substrate, K is the elastic coefficient of the input elastic substrate, K2The spring constant of the input spring.
In step S2, an angle θ between the target to be measured and a direction of a force of the input moment arm of the rigid lever is determined by the following formula:
Figure BDA0002605274920000063
wherein, K1To output the spring constant, Δ L3Indicating the displacement of the output member, L3The initial length of the output spring and the output elastic substrate when not stressed, L1The length of the output moment arm, which is the portion of the rigid lever to the left of the fulcrum in fig. 1.
In step S2, the angle value α of the input moment arm and the output moment arm is determined by the following formula:
Figure BDA0002605274920000064
displacement of output member Δ L3Determined by the following formula:
Figure BDA0002605274920000071
wherein, Kε3Is the strain sensitivity coefficient, Delta lambda, of the fiber grating in the output assembly3Representing the value of the change in wavelength, λ, of the fiber grating3Representing the initial wavelength value, K, of the fiber grating of the output assembly1To output the spring constant of the spring, L6The length of the fiber grating substrate in the output assembly is shown, and K is the elastic coefficient of the output elastic substrate; by the method, the displacement of the slip surface can be accurately measured, the measurement range is large, and the displacement amount and the displacement direction of the slip surface can be obtained in the measurement process, so that the displacement condition of the slip surface can be accurately reflected, and accurate measures can be favorably taken.
Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A wide range glide plane displacement monitoring devices which characterized in that: the device comprises a rigid lever, wherein the rigid lever is provided with a fulcrum;
the device also comprises an input component and an output component;
the input assembly and the output assembly are respectively provided with an optical displacement measuring device for sensing the displacement change state;
two ends of the input assembly are respectively connected with an input measuring arm of the rigid lever and a point to be measured of the slip surface; one end of the output assembly is fixed, and the other end of the output assembly is connected to an output measuring arm of the rigid lever;
the optical displacement measuring device is a fiber grating;
the input assembly comprises an input spring and an input elastic substrate, and the fiber bragg grating of the input assembly is arranged on the input elastic substrate;
one end of the input elastic substrate is connected with an input measuring arm of the rigid lever, the other end of the input elastic substrate is connected with one end of an input spring, and the other end of the input spring is fixed at a point to be measured of the slip surface;
the displacement monitoring device measures the slip surface through the following formula:
Figure FDA0003366305670000011
Figure FDA0003366305670000012
wherein: l is4Representing the sum of the unstressed initial lengths, Δ L, of the input spring and the input elastic substrate4The total displacement of the target to be detected is represented, and theta is an included angle between the target to be detected and the direction of the force of the input force arm of the rigid lever; alpha is an angle value rotated by the input moment arm and the output moment arm; l is2Indicating the length of the input arm, Δ LxFor displacement of the slip plane in the transverse direction, Δ LyIs the displacement of the slip plane in the longitudinal direction.
2. The wide range slip surface displacement monitoring device of claim 1, wherein: the output assembly comprises an output spring and an output elastic substrate, and the fiber bragg grating of the output assembly is arranged on the output elastic substrate;
one end of the output elastic substrate is connected with the output measuring arm of the rigid lever, the other end of the output elastic substrate is connected with one end of the output spring, and the other end of the output spring is fixed.
3. A measurement method based on a wide range slip surface displacement monitoring device as claimed in any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring the displacement of a target to be detected of a slip surface;
s2, constructing a slip surface displacement calculation model according to the displacement of the target to be measured, and calculating the transverse displacement delta L of the slip surfacexAnd a longitudinal displacement amount DeltaLy：
Figure FDA0003366305670000021
Figure FDA0003366305670000022
Wherein L is4Representing the sum of the unstressed initial lengths, Δ L, of the input spring and the input elastic substrate4The total displacement of the target to be detected is represented, and theta is an included angle between the target to be detected and the direction of the force of the input force arm of the rigid lever; alpha is an angle value rotated by the input moment arm and the output moment arm; l is2Indicating the length of the input arm.
4. The measurement method according to claim 3, characterized in that: in step S2, the total displacement Δ L of the target to be measured4Is determined by the following method:
Figure FDA0003366305670000023
Figure FDA0003366305670000024
where Δ ε is the strain of the fiber grating in the input package, L5Indication inputLength of input elastic substrate and input spring in assembly, delta lambda4For inputting the wavelength variation, K, of the fibre-optic grating of the flexible substrateε4The strain sensitivity coefficient of the fiber grating is input into the elastic substrate, K is the elastic coefficient of the input elastic substrate, K2The spring constant of the input spring.
5. The measurement method according to claim 4, wherein: in step S2, an angle θ between the target to be measured and a direction of a force of the input moment arm of the rigid lever is determined by the following formula:
Figure FDA0003366305670000031
wherein, K1To output the spring constant, Δ L3Indicating the displacement of the output member, L3The initial length of the output spring and the output elastic substrate when not stressed, L2For inputting the length of the arm, L1Is the length of the output force arm.
6. The measurement method according to claim 5, wherein: in step S2, the angle value α of the input moment arm and the output moment arm is determined by the following formula:
Figure FDA0003366305670000032
7. the measurement method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: displacement of output member Δ L3Determined by the following formula:
Figure FDA0003366305670000033
wherein, Kε3Is the strain sensitivity coefficient, Delta lambda, of the fiber grating in the output assembly3Representing the value of the change in wavelength, λ, of the fiber grating3Representing outputInitial wavelength value of fiber grating, K, of the component1To output the spring constant of the spring, L6Showing the fiber grating substrate length in the output assembly.
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CN113983936B (en) * 2021-10-28 2024-11-08 郑州大学 Bridge vertical displacement real-time monitoring device and method based on fiber bragg grating displacement meter

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