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CN111780273A - 防结霜新风热回收装置 - Google Patents

防结霜新风热回收装置 Download PDF

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CN111780273A
CN111780273A CN202010666254.2A CN202010666254A CN111780273A CN 111780273 A CN111780273 A CN 111780273A CN 202010666254 A CN202010666254 A CN 202010666254A CN 111780273 A CN111780273 A CN 111780273A
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heat recovery
frosting
fresh air
air
recovery device
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王立峰
曹阳
袁涛
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China Academy of Building Research CABR
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Priority to CN202110728434.3A priority patent/CN113218012B/zh
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • F24F3/1411—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification by absorbing or adsorbing water, e.g. using an hygroscopic desiccant
    • F24F3/1423—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification by absorbing or adsorbing water, e.g. using an hygroscopic desiccant with a moving bed of solid desiccants, e.g. a rotary wheel supporting solid desiccants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F12/00—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening
    • F24F12/001—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air
    • F24F12/006—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air using an air-to-air heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
    • F24F5/001—Compression cycle type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2203/00—Devices or apparatus used for air treatment
    • F24F2203/02—System or Device comprising a heat pump as a subsystem, e.g. combined with humidification/dehumidification, heating, natural energy or with hybrid system
    • F24F2203/021—Compression cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2203/00—Devices or apparatus used for air treatment
    • F24F2203/10—Rotary wheel
    • F24F2203/1032—Desiccant wheel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/56—Heat recovery units

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Central Air Conditioning (AREA)
  • Drying Of Gases (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种具有防结霜功能的新风热回收装置，属于建筑环境与设备工程技术领域。针对北方严寒和寒冷地区各类建筑中应用新风热回收装置的结霜及防结霜能耗高的问题，本发明提供了一种技术方案，即采用热泵驱动转轮除湿来降低室内回风的湿度进而预防热回收装置结霜，相比于常规的电加热预热室外新风防结霜，这种方式不仅能对排风中的能量进行深度回收，而且送风温度高，还能为干燥的新风加湿，同时热泵的能耗相比于电加热的能耗要小得多，因此无论从舒适性的角度还是节能性的角度来看均具有显著的优势。

Description

防结霜新风热回收装置
技术领域：
本发明涉及一种具有防结霜功能的新风热回收装置，属于建筑环境与设备工程技术领域。
背景技术：
随着建筑节能的发展，将新风-排风双向流热回收装置应用于建筑中，在为建筑内送入新风的同时回收排风中的能量，成为一种越来越普遍的做法。而在北方严寒和寒冷地区冬季室外温度较低时，热回收装置运行时会出现结霜现象，不仅影响装置的热回收效率，严重时甚至会堵塞流道，使热回收装置无法正常使用。
广大的北方地区冬季时间较长且室内外温差较大，新风热回收的节能潜力巨大，但常规的热回收装置，交换效率越高越容易结霜，而采用传统的预热等防结霜方式，不仅需要消耗预热能量，还会降低热回收装置的可回收能量，因此大大降低了新风热回收的节能效果。一方面为了追求建筑新风能耗的降低，新风热回收产品的交换效率不断提高，另一方面交换效率的提高又会增加防结霜能耗，提高交换效率与防结霜的矛盾问题严重制约了新风热回收的在北方严寒和寒冷地区的应用。
热回收装置排风出口结霜的直接原因是排风出口处空气达到饱和状态且温度低于0℃，间接原因一个是室外新风温度过低，一个是室内回风湿度过高。采用传统的预热防结霜的方法，主要是针对室外新风温度过低这一结霜的间接原因，通过提高进入热回收装置的室外新风温度来预防结霜。而目前尚无通过降低室内回风湿度来预防热回收装置结霜的有效方法。
发明内容：
本发明提出了一种新的新风热回收防结霜的方法，即采用热泵驱动转轮除湿来降低室内回风的湿度进而预防热回收装置结霜，如附图1所示。为了降低进入热回收芯体的室内回风湿度，设置转轮除湿装置与热回收芯体串联。转轮除湿装置的除湿区位于排风气流通道内，从排风气流流向上说，除湿区位于热回收芯体的上游；再生区位于新风气流通道内，从新风气流流向上说，再生区位于热回收芯体的下游。采用空气源热泵装置作为转轮除湿装置再生空气的热源，其冷凝器置于新风流道内热回收芯体与转轮再生区之间，用于对经热回收芯体预热后的室外新风进行再热，其蒸发器位于排风流道内转轮除湿区的上游，用于对室内回风进行预冷。由于室外新风温度较低，含湿量也较低，经过热回收芯体及冷凝器的加热后进入转轮再生区的再生空气的相对湿度非常低，同时室内回风经蒸发器预冷，这两个因素使得转轮除湿不需要很高的再生温度，一般25～35℃即可，较低的再生温度使得热泵装置可以以较高的能效运行。排风侧空气经过转轮除湿后含湿量很低，即使经热回收芯体与室外换热后温度低于零下也达不到饱和状态，因此不会结霜。相比于常规的电加热预热室外新风防结霜，这种方式不仅能对排风中的能量进行深度回收(排风温度低)，而且送风温度高，还能为干燥的新风加湿，同时热泵的能耗相比于电加热的能耗要小得多，因此无论从舒适性的角度还是节能性的角度来看均具有显著的优势。
附图说明：
图1为防结霜新风热回收装置的系统原理图。在图中，(1)热回收芯体；(2)除湿转轮；(3)蒸发器；(4)冷凝器；(5)压缩机；(6)节流装置。①～④为排风侧空气处理过程中各个阶段的空气状态点，⑤～⑧为新风侧空气处理过程中各个阶段的空气状态点。
图2为某实施例的空气处理过程在焓湿图中的表达。图中状态点①～⑧的空气参数如下表所示。
Figure BSA0000213641580000021
具体实施方式：
对于排风侧，室内回风(状态点①)经热泵蒸发器(3)预冷后达到状态点②，再流经除湿转轮(2)的除湿区升温减湿后达到状态点③，再流经热回收芯体(1)与室外新风进行换热后温度降低达到状态点④并排出室外。
对于新风侧，室外新风(状态点⑤)经热回收芯体(1)与排风进行换热后温度升高达到状态点⑥，再经热泵冷凝器(4)再热后达到状态点⑦，再流经除湿转轮(2)的再生区降温加湿后达到状态点⑧并送入室内。
蒸发器(3)、冷凝器(4)、压缩机(5)、节流装置(6)构成一个完整的热泵循环系统，该热泵系统运行时，蒸发器(3)预冷室内回风的同时冷凝器(4)将新风再热至除湿转轮(2)所需的再生温度。

Claims (4)

1.一种防结霜新风热回收装置，其特征在于，采用由蒸发器(3)、冷凝器(4)、压缩机(5)、节流装置(6)组成的热泵系统驱动除湿转轮(2)除湿来降低室内回风的湿度进而预防热回收芯体(1)结霜。
2.如权利要求1所述的除湿转轮(2)，其特征在于，除湿区位于排风流道内热回收芯体(1)的上游，再生区位于新风流道内热回收芯体(1)的下游。
3.如权利要求1所述的蒸发器(3)，其特征在于，位于排风流道内除湿转轮(2)除湿区的上游。
4.如权利要求1所述的冷凝器(4)，其特征在于，位于新风流道内除湿转轮(2)再生区与热回收芯体(1)之间。
CN202010666254.2A 2020-07-09 2020-07-09 防结霜新风热回收装置 Pending CN111780273A (zh)

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WO2022156238A1 (zh) * 2021-01-20 2022-07-28 广东美的暖通设备有限公司 转轮调湿装置及具有其的空调系统及控制方法和控制器

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CN115234981B (zh) * 2022-07-05 2023-09-26 青岛海信日立空调系统有限公司 一种空调装置

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CN113218012A (zh) * 2020-07-09 2021-08-06 中国建筑科学研究院有限公司 防结霜新风热回收装置及其控制方法
WO2022156238A1 (zh) * 2021-01-20 2022-07-28 广东美的暖通设备有限公司 转轮调湿装置及具有其的空调系统及控制方法和控制器

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Application publication date: 20201016